CN110479927B - Large-scale thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece restraining diameter axial rolling forming method - Google Patents
Large-scale thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece restraining diameter axial rolling forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110479927B CN110479927B CN201910711702.3A CN201910711702A CN110479927B CN 110479927 B CN110479927 B CN 110479927B CN 201910711702 A CN201910711702 A CN 201910711702A CN 110479927 B CN110479927 B CN 110479927B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-scale thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece restraining radial axial rolling forming method, which comprises the following steps: s1, placing the rectangular ring blank between a driving roller and a core roller, wherein the axis of the driving roller is parallel to the axis of the core roller, and an axial roller is arranged above the driving roller; s2, moving the axial roller on one side of the driving roller to the position above the rectangular ring blank along the radial direction of the driving roller, driving the rectangular ring blank to rotate around the central shaft at a constant speed of n1, and feeding the core roller along the radial direction at a speed of v1 to extrude the inner wall of the rectangular ring blank; s3, enabling the axial roller to rotate around the axis of the axial roller at a constant speed at a rotating speed n 2; the axial roller vertically and downwards makes linear feed motion at the speed v2 to extrude the upper end surface of the rectangular ring blank; and S4, the ejector rod moves vertically upwards to eject the fork-shaped ring piece. The invention is a new method for carrying out continuous local plastic forming in the radial direction and the axial direction, has the characteristic of small forming force, and effectively solves the technical problem of manufacturing large thin-wall forked ring pieces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of forming and manufacturing of large thin-wall parts, in particular to a restraining-diameter axial rolling forming method of a large thin-wall forked ring piece.
Background
The large thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece has important application in the field of aerospace, and the manufacturing technology of the large thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece is the leading edge of the research on the manufacturing technology of international high-end equipment. The large thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece has the characteristics of complex geometric structure, long fork-shaped length in three directions and thin wall thickness. At present, the large thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece is mainly manufactured by adopting an integral machining method and a welding method. The integral machining method is to directly machine the rectangular ring blank into the large thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece by a large machine tool. The method has the advantages of high processing difficulty, low material utilization rate, low processing efficiency and high production cost, and the mechanical processing can cut off the metal streamline of the blank, so that the high-performance ring piece cannot be manufactured. The welding method is to divide the large thin-wall fork-shaped ring into a plurality of parts, process each part first, and then manufacture the large thin-wall fork-shaped ring by a welding method, and the method seriously weakens the mechanical property and the service life of the ring.
The radial and axial rolling forming method of the ring piece is a forming method for enlarging the diameter and reducing the wall thickness of the ring piece. Since the driving roller, the core roller and the axial roller are not sufficiently constrained to the ring member in the radial and axial rolling, it is difficult to form the ring member with a complicated shape and a thin wall thickness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a large thin-wall fork-shaped ring part restraining radial axial rolling forming method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the rectangular ring blank between a driving roller and a core roller, wherein the driving roller is a ring piece with an axial section of L type, the end part of the core roller is conical, the axis of the driving roller is parallel to the axis of the core roller, and an axial roller is arranged above the driving roller, is a revolving body and comprises a forming part and a connecting rod part, wherein the forming part is used for forming the shape of the middle of two forks of the thin-wall forked ring piece;
s2, moving the axial roller on one side of the driving roller to the position above the rectangular ring blank along the radial direction of the driving roller, and driving the rectangular ring blank to rotate around the central shaft at the rotating speed n by the driving roller1Rotating at a constant speed, the core roller rotating at a speed v1Feeding along the radial direction to extrude the inner wall of the rectangular ring blank, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the rectangular ring blank are formed and the height of the rectangular ring blank is increased, and the axial redistribution of the metal of the ring blank is realized;
s3, rotating speed n of axial roller2Rotating around the self axis at a constant speed; in the feeding process of the core roller, the height of the rectangular ring blank is increased, when the distance from the upper end surface of the rectangular ring blank to the bottom surface of the driving roller is equal to the distance from the two-fork-shaped middle arc bottom of the forge piece to the bottom surface of the forge piece, the feeding amount delta h of the core roller at the moment is minimum, and when the feeding amount delta h of the core roller is larger than the minimum value, the axial roller is driven at the speed v2Vertically and downwards performing linear feeding motion to extrude the upper end surface of the rectangular ring blank; under the combined action of the driving roll, the core roll and the axial roll, the rectangular ring blank metal flows into a cavity formed by the driving roll, the core roll and the axial roll to form a fork-shaped ring piece;
s4, when the core roller and the axial roller move to a preset position simultaneously, restraining radial and axial rolling forming to finish, stopping rotation of the driving roller, the core roller and the axial roller, enabling the axial roller to move vertically upwards firstly, stopping upward movement of the axial roller when the whole axial roller is higher than the upper end face of the driving roller, starting to retreat along the radial direction of the driving roller until the whole axial roller moves to the outside of the outer surface of the driving roller, then retreating the core roller along the radial direction, and finally enabling the ejector rod to move vertically upwards to eject the fork-shaped ring.
In the scheme, the inner surface of the driving roller is matched with the outer surface and the lower end surface of the large thin-wall forked ring piece, the height of the vertical part of the driving roller is larger than that of the large thin-wall forked ring piece, and the thickness of the horizontal inward protruding part of the driving roller is larger than that of the rectangular ring blank. The outer diameter of the rectangular ring blank is smaller than the inner diameter of the driving roller, and the inner diameter, the height and the axial direction position of the rectangular ring blank in a die cavity are determined by calculation, so that the rectangular ring blank is not unstable and can be completely filled in the forming process.
In the scheme, a plurality of arc-shaped through holes for mounting the ejector rods are uniformly distributed on the horizontal inward protruding part of the driving roller along the circumferential direction.
In the scheme, the included angle α between the axial line of the axial roller and the horizontal plane is 0-15 degrees.
In the above scheme, in step S3, the rotation directions of the axial roller and the drive roller are the same, and the rotation speed n of the axial roller2And the rotational speed n of the drive roll1Satisfy equation (1)
n1r＝n2[(r-e)sinα+hcosα](1)
Wherein r is the distance from a certain point on the two-fork middle surface of the forging to the axis of the driving roller, h is the distance from a certain point on the two-fork middle surface of the forging to the horizontal plane where the vertex of the axial roller is located, e is the distance from the vertex of the axial roller to the axis of the driving roller, and α is the included angle between the axis of the axial roller and the horizontal plane.
The large-scale thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece restraining radial axial rolling forming method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the large thin-wall forked ring member restraining diameter axial rolling forming method carries out continuous local forming in the radial direction and the axial direction through the core roller and the axial roller respectively, and forming forces in the radial direction and the axial direction are small.
(2) The restraint diameter axial rolling forming method can directly form the rectangular ring blank into the large thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece, realizes the near net forming, and has high material utilization rate, high production efficiency and low cost.
(3) The constrained diameter axial rolling forming method of the large thin-wall forked ring piece can refine grain structures inside materials to form continuously distributed metal flow lines, and further mechanical properties and service life of the large thin-wall forked ring piece are improved.
(4) The method for forming the large thin-wall forked ring by axial rolling in the constrained diameter has good flexibility, and can form large thin-wall forked rings with different specifications.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the radial axial enveloping forming principle of a large thin-wall forked ring member;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the filling of the blank and the positions of the respective parts when the core roll is fed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of radial axial enveloping and forming and complete filling of a large thin-wall forked ring;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a large thin-walled forked ring;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a large thin-walled forked ring forging;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rectangular ring blank of a large thin-walled forked ring member;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a drive roll;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a core roll;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of an axial roll.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1-9, the method for forming the large thin-wall fork-shaped ring by rolling in a constrained diameter axial direction comprises the following steps:
(1) the rectangular ring blank 2 is placed between the driving roll 4 and the core roll 3, and the axial rolling roll 1 positioned on one side of the driving roll 4 moves to the position above the rectangular ring blank 2 along the radial direction of the driving roll 4, as shown in figure 1. The driving roller 4 drives the rectangular ring blank 2 to rotate around the central shaft at a rotating speed n1Rotates at a constant speed, the core roller 3 rotates at a speed v1And feeding along the radial direction to extrude the inner wall of the rectangular ring blank 2, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the rectangular ring blank 2 are formed and the height is increased, and the metal axial redistribution of the ring blank 2 is realized.
(2) Axial roll 1 at a speed n2Rotating around its own axis at a constant speed, and when the feed quantity delta h of the core roller 3 is greater than the minimum value, the axial roller 1 rotates at a speed v2And vertically and downwards, making a linear feeding motion to be in contact with the upper end surface of the rectangular ring blank 2, as shown in figure 2. Under the combined action of the driving roll 4, the core roll 3 and the axial roll 1, the metal flows into a cavity formed by the driving roll, the core roll and the axial roll to form a fork shape until the metal is completely filled, as shown in fig. 3.
(3) When the core roll 3 and the axial roll 1 move to the preset position simultaneously, the constraint radial and axial rolling forming is finished, the driving roll 4, the core roll 3 and the axial roll 1 stop rotating, and the axial roll 1 moves vertically upwards firstly. When the whole axial roller 1 is higher than the upper end surface of the driving roller 4, the axial roller 1 stops moving upwards and starts to retreat along the radial direction of the driving roller 4 until the whole axial roller 1 moves out of the outer surface of the driving roller 4. Then the core roller 3 retreats along the radial direction, and finally the ejector rod 5 moves vertically upwards to eject the fork-shaped ring piece.
(4) And designing a fork-shaped ring forging. And (3) adding machining allowance of 5mm on the inner surface, the outer surface and the end surface of the target large thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece, and designing a flash with the thickness of 3mm on the upper end surface of the target large thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece along the extension line direction of the fork shape to obtain the forged piece.
(5) The outer diameter of the rectangular ring blank 2 in the step (1) is equal to that of the forge piece, and is 5022 mm. Through finite element simulation, the inner diameter, the height and the axial direction position of the rectangular ring blank 2 in a die cavity are respectively determined to be 4800mm, 120mm and 128mm, so that the rectangular ring blank 2 is ensured not to be unstable and can be completely filled in the forming process. The rectangular ring blank 2 is made of 7075 high-strength aluminum alloy and needs to be heated to 450 ℃ and coated with a lubricant before being placed into the driving roller 4.
(6) In the step (1), the driving roll 4 is an L-shaped ring, the inner surface of the driving roll is matched with the outer surface and the lower end surface of the forged piece in the step (2), the height of the upright part of the L-shaped driving roll 4 is greater than the maximum height of the forged piece and is 480mm, the thickness of the horizontal inward protruding part of the L-shaped driving roll 4 is greater than the thickness of a blank and is 159mm, 6 arc-shaped through holes are uniformly distributed in the horizontal inward protruding part of the die cavity of the L-shaped driving roll 4 along the circumferential direction and are used for mounting ejector rods 5, the inner diameter of each arc-shaped through hole is 1mm greater than the inner diameter of the bottom of the forged piece, the outer diameter of each arc-shaped through hole is 1mm smaller than the outer diameter of the bottom of the forged piece, the radian of each.
(7) In the step (1), the core roller 3 is a rotary entity divided into two parts, namely an upper part and a lower part of the core roller 3. The upper part of the core roller 3 is divided into a forging inner surface, and the shaft section of the part is matched with the shape of the forging inner surface; the lower part of the connecting rod is fixed on the core roller 3 mechanism, and the diameter of the part is 300 mm. When the core roll 3 is fed to a predetermined position, there is a distance of 17mm between the outer diameter of the connecting rod and the inner hole of the bottom surface of the drive roll 4. Before starting rolling, the core roll 3 needs to be preheated to 250 ℃ and coated with a lubricant.
(8) In the step (2), the axial roller 1 is a solid body which is divided into two parts, namely a forming part 102 and a connecting rod part 101, wherein the forming part 102 is used for forming the shape of the middle of two forks of the forge piece, the forming part is designed according to the shape of the middle of the two forks of the forge piece, the shaft section of the forming part is completely matched with the shape of the middle of the two forks of the forge piece, the connecting rod part 101 is used for being fixed with the axial roller 1 mechanism, the diameter of the connecting rod part is 200mm, when the axial roller 1 is fed to a preset position, the minimum distance between the connecting rod part 101 and the upper end face of the driving roller 4 is 78mm, the included angle α between the axis of the axial roller 1 and the horizontal plane is 15 degrees, the distance between the top point of the axial roller 1 and the axis of the driving roller 4 is 2.2m, the axial roller 1 can rotate around the axis of the axial roller 1 and can move along the axial direction and the radial direction of the forge piece under the.
(9) In the step (2), the axial roller 1 rotates around the axis thereof, and the axial roller 1 and the axial rollerThe rotation direction of the drive roll 4 is the same, and the rotation speed n of the drive roll 41The distance r from one point on the two-fork-shaped middle surface of the forged piece to the axis of the driving roller 4 is 2.5m, the distance h from the horizontal plane where the vertex of the axial roller 1 is located is 0.37m, and the rotating speed n of the axial roller 1 is 5r/min2Obtained by equation (1).
(10) And (3) determining the range of the feeding amount delta h of the core roller 3 when the axial roller 1 starts to move downwards in the step (2) according to finite element simulation. And in the feeding process of the core roller 3, the height of the rectangular ring blank 2 is increased, and when the distance from the upper end surface of the rectangular ring blank 2 to the bottom surface of the driving roller 4 is greater than the distance from the bottom surface to the bottom surface of the two-fork middle arc of the forging, the feeding amount delta h of the core roller 3 at the moment is the minimum value, and the minimum value is determined to be 20mm through finite element simulation. When the core roll 3 feed amount Δ h is larger than the minimum value, the axial direction rolling roll 1 starts to feed downward and comes into contact with the upper end face of the billet.
According to the invention, through the restraint and coupling movement of the driving roll, the core roll and the axial roll, the ring metal flows into a cavity formed by the driving roll, the core roll and the axial roll until the cross section of the ring is completely filled. The method for forming by constrained radial and axial rolling is a new method for continuous local plastic forming in both radial and axial directions and has the characteristic of small forming force. The method can directly form the rectangular ring blank into the ring piece with a complex shape, and has the advantages of high material utilization rate, high production efficiency and excellent ring piece performance. Due to the constraint action of the driving roll, the constraint radial and axial rolling forming method can form the high-precision thin-wall ring. Meanwhile, the axial roller is positioned on one side of the driving roller, can move back and forth in the radial direction and is completely independent from the driving roller, and the size of the axial roller is far smaller than that of the large thin-wall forked ring piece, so that the method for restraining radial and axial rolling and forming is good in flexibility, the large thin-wall forked ring pieces with different specifications can be formed, and the method is a novel potential forming technology for large thin-wall complex ring pieces. At present, no constraint diameter axial rolling forming method for the large thin-wall fork-shaped ring is reported. The invention provides a restraining-diameter axial rolling forming method for a large thin-wall forked ring piece, which effectively solves the technical problem of manufacturing the large thin-wall forked ring piece.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A large thin-wall fork-shaped ring piece restraining diameter axial rolling forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, placing the rectangular ring blank between a driving roller and a core roller, wherein the driving roller is a ring piece with an axial section of L type, the end part of the core roller is conical, the axis of the driving roller is parallel to the axis of the core roller, and an axial roller is arranged above the driving roller, is a revolving body and comprises a forming part and a connecting rod part, wherein the forming part is used for forming the shape of the middle of two forks of the thin-wall forked ring piece;
s2, moving the axial roller on one side of the driving roller to the position above the rectangular ring blank along the radial direction of the driving roller, and driving the rectangular ring blank to rotate around the central shaft at the rotating speed n by the driving roller1Rotating at a constant speed, the core roller rotating at a speed v1Feeding along the radial direction to extrude the inner wall of the rectangular ring blank, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the rectangular ring blank are formed and the height of the rectangular ring blank is increased, and the axial redistribution of the metal of the ring blank is realized;
s3, rotating speed n of axial roller2Rotating around the self axis at a constant speed; the height of the rectangular ring blank is increased in the feeding process of the core roller, when the distance from the upper end surface of the rectangular ring blank to the bottom surface of the driving roller is equal to the distance from the bottom surface of the forging to the bottom surface of the forging through the two-fork-shaped middle arc bottom, the feeding amount delta h of the core roller at the moment is the minimum value, and when the feeding amount delta h of the core roller is larger than the minimum value, the axial rolling is carried outThe roller is at a speed v2Vertically and downwards performing linear feeding motion to extrude the upper end surface of the rectangular ring blank; under the combined action of the driving roll, the core roll and the axial roll, the rectangular ring blank metal flows into a cavity formed by the driving roll, the core roll and the axial roll to form a fork-shaped ring piece;
s4, when the core roller and the axial roller move to a preset position simultaneously, restraining radial and axial rolling forming to finish, stopping rotation of the driving roller, the core roller and the axial roller, enabling the axial roller to move vertically upwards firstly, stopping upward movement of the axial roller when the whole axial roller is higher than the upper end face of the driving roller, starting to retreat along the radial direction of the driving roller until the whole axial roller moves to the outside of the outer surface of the driving roller, then retreating the core roller along the radial direction, and finally enabling the ejector rod to move vertically upwards to eject the fork-shaped ring.
2. The method for forming the large thin-walled forked ring by constrained radial axial rolling according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the driving roll is matched with the outer surface and the lower end surface of the large thin-walled forked ring, the height of the upright part of the driving roll is greater than that of the large thin-walled forked ring, and the thickness of the horizontal inward protruding part of the driving roll is greater than that of the rectangular ring blank.
3. The method for forming the large-sized thin-walled fork-shaped ring by radial rolling in the constrained axial direction according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of arc-shaped through holes for mounting the ejector rods are uniformly distributed on the horizontal inward protruding part of the driving roll along the circumferential direction.
4. The method for forming the large-sized thin-walled forked ring by radial rolling in the axial direction according to claim 1, wherein the included angle α between the axial roller axis and the horizontal plane is 0-15 °.
5. The method for forming the large-sized thin-walled fork-shaped ring by rolling in the constrained diameter axial direction according to claim 1, wherein the rotation directions of the axial roller and the driving roller in the step S3 are the same, and the rotation speed n of the axial roller is the same2And the rotational speed n of the drive roll1Satisfy equation (1)
n1r＝n2[(r-e)sinα+h cosα](1)
Wherein r is the distance from a certain point on the two-fork middle surface of the forging to the axis of the driving roller, h is the distance from a certain point on the two-fork middle surface of the forging to the horizontal plane where the vertex of the axial roller is located, e is the distance from the vertex of the axial roller to the axis of the driving roller, and α is the included angle between the axis of the axial roller and the horizontal plane.
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| CN112170748A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-05 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Ti2Rolling forming method of AlNb-based alloy basin-shaped ring forging |
| CN112404227B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2023-10-27 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Spinning forming method for seal head with fork-shaped ring structure |
| CN113042665B (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-09-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Axial-circumferential constraint rolling composite forming method for integral fuel storage tank body |
| CN114985596B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-06-13 | 武汉理工大学 | Mold design method for improving multi-degree-of-freedom loading formability of thin-wall high-strength fork-shaped ring |
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