CN103056214A - Numerical control incremental forming based die-less forming method for special-shaped pipe fittings - Google Patents
Numerical control incremental forming based die-less forming method for special-shaped pipe fittings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103056214A CN103056214A CN2013100059227A CN201310005922A CN103056214A CN 103056214 A CN103056214 A CN 103056214A CN 2013100059227 A CN2013100059227 A CN 2013100059227A CN 201310005922 A CN201310005922 A CN 201310005922A CN 103056214 A CN103056214 A CN 103056214A
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Abstract
A numerical control incremental forming based die-less forming method for special-shaped pipe fittings is characterized in that a cylindrical rod shaped tool head with a hemispheric or protruding spheroidicity shaped bottom end is pressed on a pipe billet, and pipe wall materials are extruded to generate local plastic deformation. The upper end of the tool head is connected with a spindle of a numerical control incremental forming machine tool, rotates around the self axis and simultaneously spatially moves according to a trajectory preset by a program. Feed movement of the tool head and the pipe billet has two trajectory control modes of a 'stratifying method' and a 'linkage method'. In the stratifying method, the pipe billet is in a static fastened state, the movement trajectory of the tool head is vertically decomposed to a plurality of layered horizontal annular paths, and the tool head sequentially passes the horizontal annular paths layer by layer until forming is completed. In the linkage method, the pipe billet is horizontally clamped on a synchronous rotation mechanism fixed to a machine tool base and rotates around the self axis by a certain angle during forming. The method is capable of forming the special-shaped pipe fittings which are difficult to and even cannot be obtained by traditional plastic processing of stamping and the like, and special dies are not needed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the processing and manufacturing field of pipe part, relate to a kind of progressive mouldless shaping method of numerical control of special piece.
Background technology
In vehicle, Aero-Space, light industry and field of petrochemical industry, will take thin metallic tubd as the various tubing products that obtain after main tubing is processed as structural member, fluid conduction, energy-absorbing or heat exchange elements, use very extensive in a large number.Utilizing the plastic molding method such as punching press to make these tubing products, have the huge advantage of production efficiency, cost and quality aspect, is important content and developing direction that pipe fitting is made.But because tubing has the geometrical property of hollow, its forming technology and mould and common sheet material forming have very big difference, and in fact, traditional impact style generally is difficult to be applied directly in the shaping of pipe fitting.Up to now, developed the forming technology such as stamping-out, bending, bulging, spinning and enlarging, reducing of tubing, but also there are the problems such as the not high and yield rate of forming accuracy is low in existing technique in the practice, the special piece of some complex structures or asymmetrical shape (the high-effect enhanced type special impression eddy flow heat-transfer pipe of mentioning such as Chinese patent 93213223.5) particularly utilizes existing process for stamping and forming to be difficult to even can't be shaped.This situation has seriously restricted the design of pipe fitting product and the raising of product quality and performance, researches and develops new pipe fitting forming technique with the demand of satisfied practice, thereby very necessary.
Progressive molding is a kind of digitlization Flexible Manufacturing Technology that grows up in the twentieth century later stage, its adopts the thought of " layering manufacturing ", and the monolithic molding of complex three-dimensional metal sheet is become the successively progressive molding that utilizes general simple tool head to be undertaken by the CAD digital-to-analogue on the Digit Control Machine Tool.Because what adopt is that multi-pass is shaped gradually, the method more can be utilized the deformability of material than traditional impact style, large, the complex-shaped plate material parts of deformation extent can be used for being shaped, and do not need particular manufacturing craft or only adopt simple mould, be particularly suitable for the processing of small lot metal sheet and the new product development of Aero-Space, vehicle and some products for civilian use.But progressive molding is mainly used in the manufacturing of metal sheet at present, and the potentiality aspect Plastic Forming and advantage remain further to be enlarged.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of special piece mouldless shaping method based on Metal CNC Incremental Forming, can not satisfy the deficiency of pipe fitting need of production in the practice to solve existing plastic forming process.
The scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is: on the Metal CNC Incremental Forming lathe, the upper end of the shaft-like tool heads of one cylinder is connected on the main shaft of lathe, the bottom of tool heads is pressed on the pipe and is shaped as hemispherical or the evagination oblate spheroid, makes pipe wall material produce local plastic deformation by tool heads bottom extrusion tube blank.During shaping, tool heads is constantly rotated around self axis under the drive of machine tool chief axis on the one hand, the pipe shape tool heads that is shaped as required on the other hand in three dimensions according to the predefined orbiting motion of program, make the pipe each several part produce gradually successively plastic deformation, and finally obtain the shape of required pipe fitting.
According to the shape of pipe fitting and the requirement of progressive molding thereof, pipe can be static tightening state in the forming process, and around self axis state with fixed angular speed rotation.
The feed motion of tool heads and pipe has two kinds of TRAJECTORY CONTROL modes:
(1) " layer cutting method ".Under this mode, the TRAJECTORY CONTROL mode that the motion of tool heads and plate progressive molding are commonly used is similar, the tube wall shape that namely is shaped as required, movement locus with tool heads is decomposed into stacked a plurality of horizontal cyclic path in the vertical direction, tool heads is successively covered described horizontal cyclic path successively, replaces the profile of mould to finish gradually the shaping of part with the formed enveloping surface of the movement locus of tool heads bottom.In the forming process, pipe is in static tightening state;
(2) " interlock method ".Under this mode, be fixed with a synchronous rotating mechanism on the base of progressive molding lathe.Before the shaping, pipe is the level of state and is clamped on the described synchronous rotating mechanism.In the forming process, tool heads in three dimensions according to the predefined orbiting motion of program, simultaneously pipe under synchronous rotating mechanism drives around self axis with certain angular speed rotation.
Utilize the shape of the special piece that the present invention can be shaped to comprise: the groove that distributes with helix is arranged linearly along pipe axis direction tube wall, pipe end is the shape of the shape of outer enlarging, interior reducing and the shape that outer enlarging is combined with interior reducing, tube wall has the cannelure of convex or concave, the tube wall pre-manufactured hole form turn up and in the hole flanging shape of turning over, and above-mentioned shape made up the shape that obtains.
The tubing product manufacturing process based on Metal CNC Incremental Forming that the present invention proposes can be produced some complex-shaped special pieces that the plastic forming process such as traditional punching press is difficult to even can't obtains.Simultaneously, the invention belongs to a kind of flexiblely without molded making method, need not particular manufacturing craft and only need adjust the shaping that corresponding nc program can be finished pipe fitting, be particularly suitable for the production of the special piece of some many kinds, small lot.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is that to utilize the bottom be that hemispheric tool heads is shaped the schematic diagram of the pipe fitting that is helix distribution groove is arranged along pipe axis direction tube wall in the present invention;
Fig. 2 be the present invention be shaped along pipe axis direction tube wall the pipe fitting schematic diagram of the groove that linearly distributes is arranged;
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are that the pipe end that the present invention is shaped has the pipe fitting schematic diagram that extends out mouth-shaped;
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are that the pipe end that the present invention is shaped has the pipe fitting schematic diagram that inside contracts mouth-shaped;
Fig. 9, Figure 10 and Figure 11 are that pipe end that the present invention is shaped has outer enlarging and is combined the pipe fitting schematic diagram of shape with interior reducing;
Figure 12 is that the present invention utilizes the bottom that the schematic diagram of the pipe fitting of evagination cannelure is arranged for the compressed globular tool heads shaping of evagination tube wall;
Figure 13 is that the tube wall that the present invention is shaped has evagination cannelure and the pipe fitting schematic diagram that extends out mouth-shaped;
Figure 14 is that the tube wall that the present invention is shaped has evagination cannelure and the pipe fitting schematic diagram that inside contracts mouth-shaped;
Figure 15 is the pipe fitting schematic diagram that tube wall that the present invention is shaped has evagination and ring fillister combined shaped;
Figure 16, Figure 17 be the present invention be shaped the tube wall pre-manufactured hole form turn up and in the pipe fitting schematic diagram of the hole flanging shape of turning over.
In Fig. 1 to Figure 17:
1, tool heads (bottom is hemispherical) 2, pipe fitting 3, tool heads (bottom is the evagination oblate spheroid).
The specific embodiment
The below is to utilize the Metal CNC Incremental Forming method to realize along pipe axis direction tube wall pipe fitting with helix distribution groove being arranged linearly, pipe end has and extends out mouth-shaped, inside contracts mouth-shaped and outer enlarging and be combined the pipe fitting of shape with interior reducing, tube wall has the pipe fitting of evagination and ring fillister, and the tube wall pre-manufactured hole form turn up and in the hole flanging shape of turning over pipe fitting be configured as example, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
The tube outer diameter D of present embodiment formed thereby between 5mm ~ 500mm, wall thickness t between 0.2mm ~ 10mm, relative wall thickness t/D is less than 0.2.
(1) along pipe axis direction tube wall pipe fitting with helix distribution groove is arranged linearly
Being the level of state before pipe is shaped is clamped on the synchronous rotating mechanism, and synchronous rotating mechanism is fixed on the base of Metal CNC Incremental Forming lathe.The upper end of the shaft-like tool heads of cylinder be connected with the progressive molding machine tool chief axis and under the drive of machine tool chief axis around the rotation of self axis, move according to the predefined control track of program simultaneously, the tool heads bottom is hemispherical and is pressed on the pipe, makes it to produce successively plastic deformation by the extruded tube wall material.
The TRAJECTORY CONTROL mode of " interlock method " is adopted in the feed motion of tool heads and pipe.When shaping has the pipe fitting of the groove that linearly distributes along pipe axis direction tube wall, the pipe horizontal-clamping is on synchronous rotating mechanism and be in static tightening state, the tool heads bottom moves on the original position (such as the intersection of groove and pipe end face) that pipe is shaped, and then tool heads is moved and is shaped first groove along the pipe axis direction.After this groove is finished, tool heads withdraws from along the pipe top, then pipe stops after self axis rotates to an angle under synchronous rotating mechanism drives and is in static tightening state, tool heads repeats until finish reeded shaping successively to being displaced downwardly to original position and the same way as of first groove that adopt to be shaped is finished the shaping of second groove.
When shaping has the pipe fitting that is helix distribution groove along pipe axis direction tube wall, the pipe horizontal-clamping is on synchronous rotating mechanism and remain static, the tool heads bottom moves on the original position of pipe shaping, then tool heads is moved along the pipe axis direction, simultaneously pipe under synchronous rotating mechanism drives with a fixed angular speed around self axis rotation, be shaped first groove by cooperatively interacting of moving of tool heads and pipe.After this groove is finished, tool heads withdraws from along the pipe top, then pipe stops after self axis rotates to an angle under synchronous rotating mechanism drives, tool heads moves to original position and the same way as of first groove that adopt to be shaped is finished the shaping of second groove, repeats until finish reeded shaping successively.
(2) pipe end has outer enlarging, interior reducing and outer enlarging and is combined the pipe fitting of shape with interior reducing
Before the shaping, a pipe end to be formed vertically up and be in static tightening state.The upper end of the shaft-like tool heads of cylinder is connected with the progressive molding machine tool chief axis, and under lathe drives on the one hand around self rotation, on the other hand in three dimensions according to the predefined path movement of program; The tool heads bottom is hemispherical and is pressed on the pipe, makes it to produce local plastic deformation by the extruded tube wall material.
When the shaping pipe end had the pipe fitting that extends out mouth-shaped, the tool heads bottom was from the pipe private side to being pressed on the pipe; When the shaping pipe end had the pipe fitting that inside contracts mouth-shaped, the tool heads bottom was from the pipe outer side to being pressed on the pipe.In the forming process, the TRAJECTORY CONTROL mode of " layer cutting method " is adopted in the tool heads motion, the tube wall shape that namely is shaped as required, at vertical direction the movement locus of tool heads is decomposed into stacked a plurality of horizontal cyclic path, tool heads is circumferentially successively covered each cyclic path successively along pipe, with the formed enveloping surface progressive forming of the movement locus of tool heads bottom part.
(3) tube wall has the pipe fitting of evagination and ring fillister
Before the shaping, a pipe end to be formed vertically up and be in static tightening state.The upper end of the shaft-like tool heads of cylinder is connected with the progressive molding machine tool chief axis, and under machine tool chief axis drives on the one hand around self rotation, on the other hand in three dimensions according to the predefined path movement of program; The bottom of tool heads is the evagination oblate spheroid and is pressed on the pipe that the extruded tube wall material makes it to produce local plastic deformation.When the shaping tube wall had the pipe fitting of evagination cannelure, the bottom of tool heads was from the pipe private side to being pressed on the pipe; When the shaping tube wall had the pipe fitting of ring fillister, the bottom of tool heads was from the pipe outer side to being pressed on the pipe.
The TRAJECTORY CONTROL mode of " layer cutting method " is adopted in tool heads motion, namely at vertical direction the movement locus of tool heads is decomposed into a plurality of horizontal cyclic paths, and tool heads is covered each cyclic path successively, until finish shaping.
(4) the tube wall pre-manufactured hole form turn up and in the pipe fitting of the hole flanging shape of turning over
Before the shaping, pipe is in static horizontal tightening state, and the pre-manufactured hole on the pipe tube wall to be processed up.The upper end of the shaft-like tool heads of cylinder is connected on the progressive molding machine tool chief axis and constantly rotates around self axis under the drive of main shaft, simultaneously in the space according to the predefined orbiting motion of program; The bottom of tool heads is hemispherical and is pressed on the pipe wall material at pipe pre-manufactured hole place, makes it to produce plastic deformation by extruding.The TRAJECTORY CONTROL mode of " layer cutting method " is adopted in the motion of tool heads, namely in the vertical direction the movement locus of tool heads is decomposed into a plurality of horizontal cyclic paths, tool heads is successively covered each cyclic path successively, finishes gradually the shaping of part with the tool heads bottom formed enveloping surface of movement locus.
The material that the present invention can process tubing comprises ordinary carbon steel and steel alloy, non-ferrous metal and the alloys thereof such as copper, aluminium, titanium, and some nonmetallic materials such as plastics and " plastic-metal " compound material.
Claims (4)
1. special piece mouldless shaping method based on Metal CNC Incremental Forming, it is characterized in that, on the Metal CNC Incremental Forming lathe, the upper end of the shaft-like tool heads of one cylinder is connected on the main shaft of lathe, the bottom of tool heads is pressed on the pipe and is shaped as hemispherical and the evagination oblate spheroid, makes pipe wall material produce local plastic deformation by tool heads bottom extrusion tube blank; During shaping, tool heads is constantly rotated around self axis under the drive of machine tool chief axis, simultaneously in three dimensions according to the predefined orbiting motion of program, make the pipe each several part produce gradually successively plastic deformation.
2. a kind of special piece mouldless shaping method based on Metal CNC Incremental Forming as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that pipe is static tightening state in the forming process, and around self axis state with fixed angular speed rotation.
3. a kind of special piece mouldless shaping method based on Metal CNC Incremental Forming as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the feed motion of tool heads and pipe has " layer cutting method " and " interlock method " two kinds of TRAJECTORY CONTROL modes: the tube wall shape that the former is shaped as required is decomposed into stacked a plurality of horizontal cyclic path at vertical direction with the movement locus of tool heads, tool heads is successively covered described horizontal cyclic path successively, and pipe is in static tightening state in the forming process; The latter is fixed with a synchronous rotating mechanism at the base of progressive molding lathe, pipe is the level of state and is clamped on the described synchronous rotating mechanism before being shaped, in the forming process tool heads in the space according to the predefined orbiting motion of program, simultaneously pipe under synchronous rotating mechanism drives around self axis with certain angular speed rotation.
4. a kind of special piece mouldless shaping method based on Metal CNC Incremental Forming as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the shape of the special piece of formed thereby comprises: the groove that distributes with helix is arranged linearly along pipe axis direction tube wall, pipe end is the shape of the shape of outer enlarging, interior reducing and the shape that outer enlarging is combined with interior reducing, tube wall has the cannelure of evagination and indent, the tube wall pre-manufactured hole form turn up and in the hole flanging shape of turning over.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013100059227A CN103056214A (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2013-01-08 | Numerical control incremental forming based die-less forming method for special-shaped pipe fittings |
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| CN2013100059227A CN103056214A (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2013-01-08 | Numerical control incremental forming based die-less forming method for special-shaped pipe fittings |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108500109A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Based on the special piece spin forming method from resistance Electric heating |
| CN108927449A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 南京理工大学 | One kind carrying out single-point progressive molding processing unit (plant) for tubular member |
| CN110081763A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-02 | 陈卫华 | Interior micro- rib fourth born of the same parents' compound strengthened processing pipe and its manufacturing method |
| CN112427559A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-03-02 | 浙江美联智能科技有限公司 | Method for forming ingot cover of covered spindle |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108927449A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 南京理工大学 | One kind carrying out single-point progressive molding processing unit (plant) for tubular member |
| CN108500109A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Based on the special piece spin forming method from resistance Electric heating |
| CN110081763A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-02 | 陈卫华 | Interior micro- rib fourth born of the same parents' compound strengthened processing pipe and its manufacturing method |
| CN110081763B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2024-02-06 | 中化节能技术(北京)有限公司 | Inner micro-ribbed composite reinforced heat exchange tube and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112427559A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-03-02 | 浙江美联智能科技有限公司 | Method for forming ingot cover of covered spindle |
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Application publication date: 20130424 |