CN110470156A - 热交换器 - Google Patents

热交换器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110470156A
CN110470156A CN201910378835.3A CN201910378835A CN110470156A CN 110470156 A CN110470156 A CN 110470156A CN 201910378835 A CN201910378835 A CN 201910378835A CN 110470156 A CN110470156 A CN 110470156A
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pipe
wall
fluid
sheath
heat exchanger
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佩德罗·巴拉塔
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Joondo Osfilos AG
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Joondo Osfilos AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F28F9/0275Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes with multiple branch pipes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01PCOOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/045Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
    • F02B29/0462Liquid cooled heat exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F28D7/0025Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being flat tubes or arrays of tubes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/002Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using inserts or attachments
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/001Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/005Other auxiliary members within casings, e.g. internal filling means or sealing means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F28F9/0226Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0263Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by varying the geometry or cross-section of header box
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0278Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of stacked distribution plates or perforated plates arranged over end plates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0082Charged air coolers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/0297Side headers, e.g. for radiators having conduits laterally connected to common header
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/04Fastening; Joining by brazing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种热交换器,包括:多个平行的管,用于输送第一流体;一对集管板,每个集管板具有多个开口,管的相应端部以流体密封的方式插入开口中;护套,以流体密封的方式连接到集管板并与集管板一起限定用于接收第二流体的内部容积,管被放置在内部容积内;以及流体通道,接合到护套的壁,流体通道通过穿过壁形成的开口而与内部容积流体连通,壁在相对于流体通道的相对侧接合到管的侧壁。护套的壁包括多个管覆盖延伸部,管覆盖延伸部在开口的相对边缘之间延伸并限定与管覆盖延伸部交替的多个狭槽,其中每个管覆盖延伸部接合到相应管的相应侧壁。

Description

热交换器
技术领域
本发明一般涉及热交换器,特别是应用于汽车应用中的热交换器。
具体地,本发明涉及一种交换器,包括:
多个平行的管,用于输送第一流体;
一对集管板(header plate),每个集管板具有多个开口,管的相应端部以流体密封的方式插入所述开口中;
护套,以流体密封的方式连接到集管板,并与集管板一起限定用于接收第二流体的内部容积,所述管被放置在所述内部容积内;
以及
流体通道,接合到护套的壁,所述流体通道通过穿过所述壁形成的开口而与所述内部容积流体连通,其中,所述壁在相对于流体通道的相对侧连接到所述管的侧壁。
背景技术
这种类型的热交换器包括例如在内燃机的进气系统中使用的充水式空气冷却器(WCAC)。在这些WCAC中,水基混合物通过WCAC的护套循环,该护套连接到水回路。通过护套的水基混合物用于冷却由热交换器的管向内燃机的进气系统输送的气态流体(空气或气态混合物)。
在这种类型的热交换器中,水回路的弱点是冷却剂侧的入口和出口,即在穿过护套的相应壁形成的入口开口和出口开口处。具体地,已经检测到管上的应力水平在入口开口和出口开口的区域中最高,其中在该区域中,护套未覆盖管。此外,在其中护套未覆盖管的这些区域暴露于冷却剂流,这加速了在这些区域中的管的腐蚀。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供能够克服已知热交换器的这些缺点的热交换器配置。
因此,本发明提出上述类型的热交换器,其中护套的壁包括多个管覆盖延伸部,这些管覆盖延伸部在所述开口的相对边缘之间延伸并限定与管覆盖延伸部交替的多个狭槽,每个管覆盖物延伸部接合到相应管的相应侧壁。
通过这种配置,护套覆盖管的全部长度,包括入口/出口开口区域。这消除了管的覆盖区域与非覆盖区域之间的任何过渡,否则这些过渡将导致应力集中。此外,在入口/出口开口区域处,护套而不是管将优先被腐蚀,这延长了管的寿命,从而避免冷却剂和空气回路之间的泄漏。
附图说明
现将参考附图描述本发明的优选但非限制性的实施例,附图中:
图1是根据本发明的热交换器的透视图;
图2是图1的热交换器的分解图;
图3是图1的热交换器的平面图;
图4是沿图3的A-A线的剖视图;以及
图5是沿图3的B-B线的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1至图5示出了热交换器,例如充水式空气冷却器。热交换器包括入口集管板11和出口集管板21,两者均由金属材料例如铝制成。这些集管板11和21旨在以已知的方式分别连接到入口集管箱(未示出)和出口集管箱(未示出)。图2还示出了用于密封集管板和相应集管箱之间的连接的垫圈13和23。
热交换器1还包括芯30,该芯包括在集管板11和21之间延伸的多个平行的平坦的管31。管31由金属材料例如铝制成。每个管31具有分别插入形成在集管板11和21中任一个中的开口或狭槽中的相对端。每个管31具有近似矩形的截面,并且包括一对相对的长侧壁和一对相对的短侧壁,短侧壁将长侧壁互连并且比长侧壁短。在附图中,仅一个短侧壁用附图标记31a表示。
第一流体(特别是气态流体,例如空气或气态混合物)被设计成从热交换器的入口集管箱流动,经过入口集管板11与管31之间的流体连接,到达热交换器的出口集管箱,并通过管31与出口集管板21之间的流体连接。通过入口和出口集管箱,热交换器可以连接到用于第一流体(未示出)的流体回路,其中流体回路包括例如内燃机的进气系统。
第二流体(特别是液体冷却剂,例如水或水基混合物)被设计成围绕芯30流动并穿过管31之间的间隙,并与流入管31的第一流体交换热量。翅片板32被布置在管31之间的间隙中,并在芯30的相对端处与管31相邻。
热交换器还包括由金属材料例如铝制成的护套40。护套40以流体密封的方式连接到集管板11和21,并与集管板11和21一起限定用于接收/输送第二流体的内部容积。管31被放置在这个由护套40和集管板11和21形成的内部容积内。
在附图所示的实施例中,护套40具有矩形截面,并包括一对相对的第一壁41和42以及将第一壁41和42互连的一对相对的第二壁43和44。壁41-44以传统方式相互连接并连接到集管板11、21。
热交换器还包括入口流体通道51和出口流体通道61,用于向由护套40与集管板11、21一起形成的内部容积输送第二流体或从该内部容积输送第二流体。流体通道51、61均由金属材料例如铝制成。每个流体通道51、61接合到护套40的壁。在附图所示的示例中,流体通道51、61均接合到护套40的第一壁41中的一个。在附图所示的示例中,每个流体通道51、61被形成为细长的凹形的外壳,其边缘51a、61a接合到护套40的壁41(见图4和图5)。因此,每个流体通道51、61的凹侧面向护套40的壁41。
每个流体通道51、61通过穿过护套40的壁41形成的相应开口53、63而与护套40的内部容积流体连通。如图5所示,壁41至少在相对于流体通道51和61的相反侧接合到管31的短侧壁31a。更一般地并且如图5所示,护套40的所有壁41-44,特别是第一壁41、42,可以接合到管31的侧壁,特别是管31的短侧壁。
图2还示出了入口流体连接器55和出口流体连接器65,它们分别固定到入口流体通道51和出口流体通道61,以将热交换器连接到用于第二流体(未示出)的流体回路,例如液体冷却剂回路。
根据实施例,管31、集管板11和21以及护套40彼此接合,流体通道51和61接合到护套40,并且连接器55和65接合到流体通道51和61,上述连接均采用常规方式,特别是钎焊方式。
参考图2和图5,护套40的第一壁41(穿过该壁形成开口53和63)在每个开口53、63处包括多个管覆盖延伸部41a、41b,这些管覆盖延伸部在开口53、63的相对边缘之间延伸。因此,在每个开口53、63处,管覆盖延伸部41a、41b限定与管覆盖延伸部41a、41b交替的多个狭槽53a、63a。每个管覆盖延伸部41a、41b接合到相应管31的相应侧壁31a。这样,每个管31的包括在集管板11、21之间的全部长度被护套的壁41覆盖,所述长度包括管31的在开口53和63处被护套40的相应管覆盖延伸部41a、41b覆盖的部分。特别地,每个管覆盖延伸部41a、41b与整个护套40一起被钎焊到相应管31的侧壁31a。
在另一方面,每个狭槽53a、63a与相邻管31之间或管31与护套40的第二壁43、44之间的相应间隙重叠,以允许护套40的内部容积与流体通道51、61之间的流体连通。
管覆盖延伸部41a、41b与护套40的壁41一体形成。它们可以例如通过应用于金属板据此形成护套40的壁41并移除对应于狭槽53a和63a的金属板部分的冲压工艺获得。

Claims (5)

1.一种热交换器,包括:
多个平行的管(31),用于输送第一流体;
一对集管板(11、21),每个集管板具有多个开口,所述管的相应端部以流体密封的方式插入所述开口中;
护套(40),以流体密封的方式连接到所述集管板(11、21),并与所述集管板(11、21)一起限定用于接收第二流体的内部容积,所述管(31)被放置在所述内部容积内;以及
流体通道(51、61),接合到所述护套(40)的壁(41),所述流体通道(51、61)通过穿过所述壁(41)形成的开口(53、63)而与所述内部容积流体连通,其中,所述壁(41)在相对于所述流体通道(51、61)的相对侧上接合到所述管(31)的侧壁(31a);
其特征在于,所述护套(40)的所述壁(41)包括多个管覆盖延伸部(41a、41b),所述管覆盖延伸部在所述开口(53、63)的相对边缘之间延伸并限定与所述管覆盖延伸部(41a、41b)交替的多个狭槽(53a、63a),每个管覆盖延伸部(41a、41b)接合到相应的管(31)的相应的侧壁(31a)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器,其中,多个间隙被限定为与所述管(31)交替,并且其中,每个狭槽(53a、63a)与相应的间隙重叠,以允许所述护套(40)的所述内部容积与所述流体通道(51、61)之间的流体连通。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器,其中,所述护套(40)的所述壁(41)和所述管覆盖延伸部(41a、41b)被钎焊到所述管(31)的所述侧壁(31a)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的热交换器,其中,所述流体通道(51、61)被钎焊到所述护套(40)的所述壁(41)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的热交换器,其中,所述管(31)被配置成输送气态流体,并且其中,所述护套(40)被配置成接收液态冷却剂。
CN201910378835.3A 2018-05-09 2019-05-08 热交换器 Pending CN110470156A (zh)

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