CN110437437A - 一种含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110437437A
CN110437437A CN201910591279.8A CN201910591279A CN110437437A CN 110437437 A CN110437437 A CN 110437437A CN 201910591279 A CN201910591279 A CN 201910591279A CN 110437437 A CN110437437 A CN 110437437A
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胡求学
闫茹
张奇
张东宝
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Ningxia Qingyan polymer new material Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明提供一种含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法。以4,4‑二氟二苯甲酮、4,4‑二羟基二苯醚、苯乙基间苯二酚为原料,以环丁砜为溶剂,以对苯二酚为分子量调节剂,以碳酸氢钾为催化剂,以苯甲酰氯为封端剂。本发明以苯乙基间苯二酚和4,4‑二羟基二苯醚为原料,苯乙基的引入增加聚合物的支链,同时提高了位阻增加了分子间的距离使得分子间作用力减小。由于醚键的引入增加了聚合物的柔顺性,提高聚合物的流动性。苯酚在碱性环境中会被氧化成苯醌,采用碳酸氢钾作为催化剂有利于抑制苯酚的氧化。采用苯甲酰氯封端降低聚合物中苯氧‑钾端基结构,降低其在高温下的继续反应或者支化交联的可能,有利于提高产品的流动性和稳定性。

Description

一种含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,具体涉及一种含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法。
背景技术
聚芳醚酮是一类亚苯基环通过氧桥(醚键)和羰基(酮)连接而成的一类结晶聚合物。按分子链中醚键、酮基与苯环连接次序和比例的不同,可形成许多不同的聚合物。主要有聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚酮(PEK)、聚醚酮酮(PEKK)和聚醚醚酮酮(PEEKK)等,其中聚醚醚酮是最主要的一种产品。聚醚醚酮(PEEK)是一种线性芳香高分子化合物。其大分子主链上含有大量的芳环和极性酮基,赋予聚合物以耐热性和力学强度;另外,大分子中含有大量的醚键,又赋予聚合物以韧性,醚键越多,其韧性越好。其具有耐高温、耐疲劳性、自润滑性、阻燃性、易加工性、良好的电绝缘性、耐辐照性、耐水解性和机械性能好等优点。被广泛的应用在汽车零部件、半导体工业、航天工业、石化行业、机械工业、医疗行业、电子电气等领域。
通常聚醚醚酮的工艺路线多为4,4-而氟二苯甲酮和对苯二酚,以二苯砜为溶剂,以碱金属碳酸盐为催化剂,在高温条件下进行亲核缩聚反应。此方法合成的聚醚醚酮熔融流动性、熔融粘度相对较差。在专利“一种高流动性低粘度聚醚醚酮的制备方法”(CN109438640 A)中他们采用对氟苯酚、4,4-二羟基二苯甲酮和4,4-二羟基二苯甲醚为原料制备的高流动性低粘度聚醚醚酮,其本质上是以对氟苯酚为重复单元制备的低分子量的聚合物。而降低聚合物分子量会对聚合物性能产生不利影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为解决聚醚醚酮树脂高温粘度大、流动性差等问题,提供一种含侧基的聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,本发明采用苯乙基间苯二酚和4,4-二羟基二苯醚作为聚合原料,是为了在聚合物中引入侧基和醚键。侧苯乙基能够提高位阻,降低分子间作用力;醚键能够增加分子链的柔韧性。这些对聚合物都能起到降低粘度和提高流动性的作用。制备出来的聚醚醚酮类三元共聚物含有侧基和较多的醚键,提高了分子链的柔韧性和分子链间的位阻,降低了分子间作用力,所以改善了聚合物的流动性。
上述的目的通过以下技术方案实现:
一种含侧基的聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,采用4,4-二氟二苯甲酮、4,4-二羟基二苯醚、苯乙基间苯二酚为原料,以环丁砜为溶剂,以对苯二酚为分子量调节剂,以碳酸氢钾为催化剂,以苯甲酰氯为封端剂,进行亲核缩聚反应,具体的制备过程包括以下步骤:
(1)反应器中加入环丁砜、4,4-二氟二苯甲酮和碳酸氢钾,通入氮气排除氧气;
(2)再将4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚按一定的比例混合加入反应体系内,使得体系固含量在25-40%之间;
(3)将溶剂二甲苯倒入反应体系后开始搅拌,加热升温,将温度升到110-130℃恒温0.5-2h,继续升温至150-160℃恒温1-3h,再继续升温,待温度达到180℃-220℃时加入对苯二酚恒温反应3-5h后,加入封端剂苯甲酰氯恒温搅拌0.5-1.5h停止反应;
(4)将反应生成物倒入冷水中冷却凝固后粉碎,除溶剂、除盐,待溶剂及无机盐全部除尽后干燥得到产品。
所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,4,4-二羟基二苯醚:苯乙基间苯二酚的摩尔比为8:2-2:8.
所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚的混合物与4,4-二氟二苯甲酮的摩尔比为1.1-1.01:1。
所述的聚合方法,其特征在于:4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚的混合物与碳酸氢钾的摩尔比为1:2.05-2.15。
所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,4,4-二氟二苯甲酮和对苯二酚按的摩尔比为1:0.05-0.15。
所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚的混合物与苯甲酰氯的摩尔比为1:0.03-0.05。
本发明具有的优点:在分子链中引入较多的醚键,增加了分子链的柔韧性;以及在分子链中含有侧苯甲基增加位阻,降低分子链间的作用力。使得分子链的流动性增强,降低了聚合物的熔融粘度。并且采用苯甲酰氯封端,可以降低聚合物中苯氧基钾的浓度,避免在高温下继续反应,提高产品的稳定性同时降低聚合物分子链的极性。
具体实施方式
通过具体实施例,对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不限定于本发明。
一种含侧基的聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,采用4,4-二氟二苯甲酮、4,4-二羟基二苯醚、苯乙基间苯二酚为原料,以环丁砜为溶剂,以对苯二酚为分子量调节剂,以碳酸氢钾为催化剂,以苯甲酰氯为封端剂,进行亲核缩聚反应,具体的制备过程包括以下步骤:
(1)反应器中加入环丁砜、4,4-二氟二苯甲酮和碳酸氢钾,通入氮气排除氧气;
(2)再将4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚按一定的比例混合加入反应体系内,使得体系固含量在25-40%之间;
(3)将溶剂二甲苯倒入反应体系后开始搅拌,加热升温,将温度升到110-130℃恒温0.5-2h,继续升温至150-160℃恒温1-3h,再继续升温,待温度达到180℃-220℃时加入对苯二酚恒温反应3-5h后,加入封端剂苯甲酰氯恒温搅拌0.5-1.5h停止反应;
(4)将反应生成物倒入冷水中冷却凝固后粉碎,除溶剂、除盐,待溶剂及无机盐全部除尽后干燥得到产品。
所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,4,4-二羟基二苯醚:苯乙基间苯二酚的摩尔比为8:2-2:8.
所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚的混合物与4,4-二氟二苯甲酮的摩尔比为1.1-1.01:1。
所述的聚合方法,其特征在于:4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚的混合物与碳酸氢钾的摩尔比为1:2.05-2.15。
所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,4,4-二氟二苯甲酮和对苯二酚按的摩尔比为1:0.05-0.15。
所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚的混合物与苯甲酰氯的摩尔比为1:0.03-0.05。
以下通过具体的实施例来进一步说明本发明的制备方法及效果:
实施例1:
在装有温度计、通氮气管、冷凝回流分水器、搅拌器的四口反应瓶中加入110.1g(0.505mol)4,4-二氟二苯甲酮和634.2g环丁砜,加入 102.5g(1.025mol)碳酸氢钾和63.4g二甲苯,通氮气将瓶内空气排空,再加入 80.8(0.4mol)4,4-二羟基二苯醚和 21.4(mol)苯乙基间苯二酚后,搅拌并加热至80℃,待其全部溶解再继续缓慢升温,待温度升温至110℃时体系开始除水恒温反应2h。继续升温至150℃,体系开始共沸,分水器中开始有二甲苯回流,继续恒温3h除二甲苯,待二甲苯蒸出完成后。继续缓慢升温至180℃,保持恒温反应5h,体系粘度随聚合反应的进行粘度不断增大,并且通过对苯二酚(2.78g)进行分子量调节,最终达到目标粘度,加入2.1g苯甲酰氯进行封端继续恒温搅拌1.5h。将聚合物粘液倒入冷水中冷却,待充分冷却后,用粉碎机粉碎,将粉料进行水煮,反复水煮直到料中的溶剂及盐全部除去后,在烘箱中烘干,物料水分含量低于0.5%。
实施例2:
在装有温度计、通氮气管、冷凝回流分水器、搅拌器的四口反应瓶中加入114.4g(0.525mol)4,4-二氟二苯甲酮和507g环丁砜,加入 105g(1.05mol)碳酸氢钾和76.1g二甲苯,通氮气将瓶内空气排空,再加入 70.7(0.35mol)4,4-二羟基二苯醚和 32.1(0.15mol)苯乙基间苯二酚后,搅拌并加热至80℃,待其全部溶解再继续缓慢升温,待温度升温至120℃时体系开始除水恒温反应1.5h。继续升温至155℃,体系开始共沸,分水器中开始有二甲苯回流,继续恒温2h除二甲苯,待二甲苯蒸出完成后。继续缓慢升温至190℃,保持恒温反应4h,体系粘度随聚合反应的进行粘度不断增大,并且通过对苯二酚(5.78g)进行分子量调节,最终达到目标粘度,加入2.81g苯甲酰氯进行封端继续恒温搅拌1h。将聚合物粘液倒入冷水中冷却,待充分冷却后,用粉碎机粉碎,将粉料进行水煮,反复水煮直到料中的溶剂及盐全部除去后,在烘箱中烘干,物料水分含量低于0.5%。
实施例3
按实施例2同样的方法,只是将4,4-二羟基二苯醚与苯乙基间苯二酚的投料重量改为60.6g(0.3mol)和42.8g(0.2mol),得到产品。
实施例4
按实施例2同样的方法,只是将4,4-二羟基二苯醚与苯乙基间苯二酚的投料重量改为50.5g(0.25mol)和53.5g(0.25mol),得到产品。
实施例5
按实施例2同样的方法,只是将4,4-二羟基二苯醚与苯乙基间苯二酚的投料重量改为40.4g(0.2mol)和64.2g(0.3mol),得到产品。
实施例6
按实施例2同样的方法,只是将4,4-二羟基二苯醚与苯乙基间苯二酚的投料重量改为30.3g(0.15mol)和74.9g(0.35mol),得到产品。
实施例7:
在装有温度计、通氮气管、冷凝回流分水器、搅拌器的四口反应瓶中加入119.9g(0.55mol)4,4-二氟二苯甲酮和338.5g环丁砜,加入 107.5g(1.075mol)碳酸氢钾和67.7g二甲苯,通氮气将瓶内空气排空,再加入 20.2(0.1mol)4,4-二羟基二苯醚和 85.6(0.4mol)苯乙基间苯二酚后,搅拌并加热至80℃,待其全部溶解再继续缓慢升温,待温度升温至130℃时体系开始除水恒温反应0.5h。继续升温至160℃,体系开始共沸,分水器中开始有二甲苯回流,继续恒温1h除二甲苯,待二甲苯蒸出完成后。继续缓慢升温至220℃,保持恒温反应3h,体系粘度随聚合反应的进行粘度不断增大,并且通过对苯二酚(9.08g)进行分子量调节,最终达到目标粘度,加入3.51g苯甲酰氯进行封端继续恒温搅拌1h。将聚合物粘液倒入冷水中冷却,待充分冷却后,用粉碎机粉碎,将粉料进行水煮,反复水煮直到料中的溶剂及盐全部除去后,在烘箱中烘干,物料水分含量低于0.5%。
表1为实施例1-7制备的聚芳醚酮性能数据
表1中对比例为正常合成未做改性的聚醚醚醚酮的性能参数。
通过上表可知在分子链中引入醚键和侧基,能够增加分子链的柔韧性,同时增加分子链间位阻降低分子链间作用力。并且采用苯甲酰氯进行封端,降低苯氧基钾浓度避免聚合物分子链在高温环境中继续反应,同时降低它与加工设备内壁接触的可能。这些因素均有利于改善聚合物熔融流动性。而且对聚合物拉伸性能没有较大的影响。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,任何对本发明所作的改动或变化都在本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,其特征在于:采用4,4-二氟二苯甲酮、4,4-二羟基二苯醚、苯乙基间苯二酚为原料,以环丁砜为溶剂,以对苯二酚为分子量调节剂,以碳酸氢钾为催化剂,以苯甲酰氯为封端剂,进行亲核缩聚反应,具体的制备过程包括以下步骤:
(1)反应器中加入环丁砜、4,4-二氟二苯甲酮和碳酸氢钾,通入氮气排除氧气;
(2)再将4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚按一定的比例混合加入反应体系内,使得体系固含量在25-40%之间;
(3)将溶剂二甲苯倒入反应体系后开始搅拌,加热升温,将温度升到110-130℃恒温0.5-2h,继续升温至150-160℃恒温1-3h,再继续升温,待温度达到180℃-220℃时加入对苯二酚恒温反应3-5h后,加入封端剂苯甲酰氯恒温搅拌0.5-1.5h停止反应;
(4)将反应生成物倒入冷水中冷却凝固后粉碎,除溶剂、除盐,待溶剂及无机盐全部除尽后干燥得到产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,其特征在于:4,4-二羟基二苯醚:苯乙基间苯二酚的摩尔比为8:2-2:8。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,其特征在于:4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚的混合物与4,4-二氟二苯甲酮的摩尔比为1.1-1.01:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,其特征在于:4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚的混合物与碳酸氢钾的摩尔比为1:2.05-2.15。
5.根据权利要求1所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,其特征在于:4,4-二氟二苯甲酮和对苯二酚按的摩尔比为1:0.05-0.15。
6.根据权利要求1所述的含侧基的高流动性聚芳醚酮三元共聚物的制备方法,其特征在于:4,4-二羟基二苯醚和苯乙基间苯二酚的混合物与苯甲酰氯的摩尔比为1:0.03-0.05。
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