CN110419481A - A kind of Artificial Fish skerries for Larimichthys crocea restoration of the ecosystem - Google Patents
A kind of Artificial Fish skerries for Larimichthys crocea restoration of the ecosystem Download PDFInfo
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- CN110419481A CN110419481A CN201910853851.3A CN201910853851A CN110419481A CN 110419481 A CN110419481 A CN 110419481A CN 201910853851 A CN201910853851 A CN 201910853851A CN 110419481 A CN110419481 A CN 110419481A
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- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
- A01K61/73—Artificial fishing banks or reefs assembled of components
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提出了一种用于大黄鱼生态修复的人工鱼礁岛，包括固定框架，固定框架中呈矩阵式的布设多个第一鱼礁单体和多个第二鱼礁单体，在同一个平面上，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体交替设置，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体均包括正六边形结构的第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架，第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架组合形成鱼礁腔，第一框架和第四框架可作为鱼礁腔的进出开口；本发明有利于对大黄鱼的生态进行恢复，提高了鱼礁的稳定性，有利于可持续发展。
The present invention proposes an artificial fish reef island for the ecological restoration of large yellow croaker, which includes a fixed frame in which a plurality of first fish reef monomers and a plurality of second fish reef monomers are laid out in a matrix. On one plane, the first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer are alternately arranged, and the first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer both include the first frame, the second frame, and the third frame of a regular hexagonal structure. Frame and the 4th frame, the first frame, the 2nd frame, the 3rd frame and the 4th frame combine to form the fish reef cavity, the first frame and the 4th frame can be used as the entrance and exit opening of the fish reef cavity; Restoring the ecology of the fish reef improves the stability of the fish reef and is conducive to sustainable development.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种人工鱼礁岛，具体涉及一种用于大黄鱼生态修复的人工鱼礁岛。The invention relates to an artificial reef island, in particular to an artificial reef island used for ecological restoration of large yellow croakers.
背景技术Background technique
礁是适合鱼类群集栖息、生长繁殖的海底礁石或其他隆起物。其周围海流将海底的有机物和近海底的营养盐类带到海水中上层，促进各种饵料生物大量繁殖生长，为鱼类等提供良好的栖息环境和索饵繁殖场所，使鱼类聚集而形成渔场。人工鱼礁是人为在海中设置的构造物，其目的是改善海域生态环境，营造海洋生物栖息的良好环境，为鱼类等提供繁殖、生长、索饵和庇敌的场所，达到保护、增殖和提高渔获量的目的。目前国内外已经广泛的开展人工鱼礁建设，进行近海海洋生物栖息地和渔场的修复，而且取得了较好的效果。Reefs are seabed reefs or other uplifts suitable for fish colony habitat, growth and reproduction. The surrounding ocean currents bring organic matter and nutrient salts near the seabed to the middle and upper layers of seawater, promote the mass reproduction and growth of various prey organisms, provide fish with a good habitat and breeding places for feeding, and make fish gather to form fishing ground. Artificial fish reefs are structures artificially set up in the sea. The purpose is to improve the ecological environment of the sea area, create a good environment for marine organisms to inhabit, and provide places for fish to reproduce, grow, feed and shelter enemies, so as to achieve protection, multiplication and The purpose of increasing catches. At present, the construction of artificial reefs has been widely carried out at home and abroad, and the restoration of offshore marine habitats and fisheries has been carried out, and good results have been achieved.
东海大黄鱼经过修复已经有所改善，但还未能恢复原有盛景，对大黄鱼采用人工鱼礁方案，有利于大黄鱼生态恢复。The large yellow croaker in the East China Sea has been improved after restoration, but it has not been restored to its original glory. The artificial reef plan for large yellow croaker is conducive to the ecological restoration of large yellow croaker.
且现在使用的很多鱼礁，鱼礁投放沉入海底后，稳定性较差，单个鱼礁易受海流的影响发生滑移，不利于礁体的堆积进而影响鱼礁群的形成。Moreover, many fish reefs in use now have poor stability after being put into the seabed. A single fish reef is susceptible to slippage due to the influence of ocean currents, which is not conducive to the accumulation of reefs and affects the formation of fish reef groups.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对上述问题提出了一种用于大黄鱼生态修复的人工鱼礁岛，有利于对大黄鱼的生态进行恢复，提高了鱼礁的稳定性，有利于可持续发展。Aiming at the above problems, the present invention proposes an artificial fish reef island for the ecological restoration of large yellow croaker, which is beneficial to the ecological restoration of large yellow croaker, improves the stability of the fish reef, and is beneficial to sustainable development.
具体的技术方案如下：The specific technical scheme is as follows:
一种用于大黄鱼生态修复的人工鱼礁岛，包括固定框架，固定框架中呈矩阵式的布设多个第一鱼礁单体和多个第二鱼礁单体，在同一个平面上，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体交替设置。An artificial fish reef island for ecological restoration of large yellow croaker, including a fixed frame, in which a plurality of first fish reef monomers and a plurality of second fish reef monomers are arranged in a matrix, on the same plane, The first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer are arranged alternately.
进一步的，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体均包括正六边形结构的第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架，第一框架和第四框架的边长相等，第二框架和第三框架的边长相等，第一框架的边长小于第二框架的边长；Further, the first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer both include the first frame, the second frame, the third frame and the fourth frame of a regular hexagonal structure, and the side lengths of the first frame and the fourth frame are equal , the side lengths of the second frame and the third frame are equal, and the side length of the first frame is smaller than the side length of the second frame;
第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架依次同轴设置，第二框架和第三框架对齐设置、且两者之间通过多个第一连杆加以连接；第一框架的顶角与第二框架的边框对应设置，第一框架与第二框架之间通过多个第二连杆加以连接；第四框架的顶角与第三框架的边框对应设置，第三框架与第四框架之间通过多个第三连杆加以连接；The first frame, the second frame, the third frame and the fourth frame are coaxially arranged sequentially, the second frame and the third frame are aligned and arranged, and the two are connected by a plurality of first connecting rods; the top of the first frame The corners are set corresponding to the frame of the second frame, and the first frame and the second frame are connected by a plurality of second connecting rods; the top corners of the fourth frame are set corresponding to the frame of the third frame, and the third frame and the fourth frame The frames are connected by a plurality of third connecting rods;
第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架组合形成鱼礁腔，第一框架和第四框架可作为鱼礁腔的进出开口。The combination of the first frame, the second frame, the third frame and the fourth frame forms the fish reef cavity, and the first frame and the fourth frame can be used as the entrance and exit opening of the fish reef cavity.
进一步的，第一鱼礁单体的中轴线与第二鱼礁单体的中轴线垂直设置。Further, the central axis of the first fish reef unit is perpendicular to the central axis of the second fish reef unit.
进一步的，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体之间通过钢丝绳加以连接。Further, the first fish reef unit and the second fish reef unit are connected by wire ropes.
进一步的，固定框架包括网格状的上固定框、下固定框和侧固定框，上固定框和下固定框平行设置，四个侧固定框分别垂直的固定在上固定框和下固定框之间；Further, the fixed frame includes a grid-shaped upper fixed frame, a lower fixed frame and a side fixed frame, the upper fixed frame and the lower fixed frame are arranged in parallel, and the four side fixed frames are respectively vertically fixed between the upper fixed frame and the lower fixed frame. between;
第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体设置在固定框架中，且位于最外侧的第一鱼礁单体可通过钢丝绳与固定框架固定连接。The first fish reef unit and the second fish reef unit are arranged in the fixed frame, and the first fish reef unit located on the outermost side can be fixedly connected with the fixed frame by a wire rope.
进一步的，下固定框的底部设有插接限位组件；插接限位组件包括竖直设置的插接杆，插接杆上可上下移动的套设限位板，限位板与下固定框平行设置，限位板上设有多个通槽，每个通槽上设有一个球冠结构的支撑凸起；Further, the bottom of the lower fixed frame is provided with a plug-in limit assembly; the plug-in limit assembly includes a vertically arranged plug-in rod, and a limit plate that can move up and down is set on the plug-in rod, and the limit plate is connected to the lower fixed frame. The frames are arranged in parallel, and there are multiple through-slots on the limit plate, and each through-slot is provided with a support protrusion with a spherical crown structure;
插接杆可插入固定在海底，并将限位板上的支撑凸起压紧至与下固定框相接触。The inserting rod can be inserted and fixed on the seabed, and the support protrusion on the limiting plate is pressed to contact with the lower fixing frame.
进一步的，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体之间还可以通过钢丝绳固定多个喂食管。Further, a plurality of feeding pipes can be fixed between the first fish reef unit and the second fish reef unit by wire ropes.
进一步的，喂食管包括圆柱体结构的管体，管体的中心设有饵食腔，饵食腔与管体同轴设置；饵食腔的外部设有多个圆环形结构的浸润腔，浸润腔沿管体的轴线方向布设；饵食腔与浸润腔之间通过多个第一通道相连通，浸润腔与外界通过多个第二通道相连接；饵食腔中设有鱼食。Further, the feeding tube includes a tube body with a cylindrical structure, the center of the tube body is provided with a bait cavity, and the bait cavity is coaxially arranged with the tube body; the outside of the bait cavity is provided with a plurality of infiltration cavities with an annular structure, The infiltration cavity is arranged along the axial direction of the pipe body; the bait cavity and the infiltration cavity are connected through a plurality of first channels, and the infiltration cavity is connected with the outside through a plurality of second channels; fish food is provided in the bait cavity.
进一步的，第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架均为一体成型式结构。Further, the first frame, the second frame, the third frame and the fourth frame are all integrated structures.
进一步的，第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架分别有多个连接臂铰接固定而成。Further, the first frame, the second frame, the third frame and the fourth frame are respectively formed by hingedly fixing a plurality of connecting arms.
进一步的，人工鱼礁岛的安装方法为：Further, the installation method of the artificial reef is as follows:
1)预制固定框架、第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体；1) Prefabricated fixed frame, the first single fish reef and the second single fish reef;
2)将第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体固定在固定框架中；2) fixing the first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer in the fixed frame;
3)将喂食管固定在所需的第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体之间；3) Fix the feeding tube between the required first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer;
4)将固定框架送入海底，使插接杆插入海底加以固定，即可得到人工鱼礁岛。4) The fixing frame is sent into the seabed, and the insertion rod is inserted into the seabed for fixing, and the artificial fish reef island can be obtained.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1)本发明有利于对大黄鱼的生态进行恢复，提高了鱼礁的稳定性，有利于可持续发展；1) The present invention is conducive to recovering the ecology of large yellow croaker, improves the stability of fish reefs, and is conducive to sustainable development;
2)本发明在初期设置喂食管，通过喂食管起到吸引鱼类栖息的作用，能够实现鱼礁岛的快速成型；2) The present invention sets the feeding tube at the initial stage, and the feeding tube plays a role of attracting fish to inhabit, so that the rapid prototyping of the fish reef island can be realized;
3)第一鱼礁岛和第二鱼礁岛的结构设置，更有利于大黄鱼在其中生存，提高了空间利用率。3) The structural setting of the first fish reef island and the second fish reef island is more conducive to the survival of large yellow croakers in it, and the space utilization rate is improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明结构图；Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention;
图2为图1中第一鱼礁单体放大图；Fig. 2 is the enlarged view of the first fish reef monomer in Fig. 1;
图3为图1中第二鱼礁单体放大图；Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of the second fish reef monomer in Fig. 1;
图4为图1中喂食管放大图。Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the feeding tube in Fig. 1 .
附图标记reference sign
固定框架1、第一鱼礁单体2、第二鱼礁单体3、钢丝绳4、喂食管5；Fixed frame 1, first fish reef unit 2, second fish reef unit 3, steel wire rope 4, feeding tube 5;
上固定框101、下固定框102、侧固定框103、插接杆104、限位板105、通槽106、支撑凸起107；Upper fixing frame 101, lower fixing frame 102, side fixing frame 103, insertion rod 104, limit plate 105, through groove 106, support protrusion 107;
第一框架201、第二框架202、第三框架203、第四框架204、第一连杆205、第二连杆206、第三连杆207、鱼礁腔208、进出开口209；The first frame 201, the second frame 202, the third frame 203, the fourth frame 204, the first connecting rod 205, the second connecting rod 206, the third connecting rod 207, the reef chamber 208, and the access opening 209;
管体501、饵食腔502、浸润腔503、第一通道504、第二通道505。Tube body 501 , bait cavity 502 , infiltration cavity 503 , first channel 504 , and second channel 505 .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的技术方案更加清晰明确，下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步描述，任何对本发明技术方案的技术特征进行等价替换和常规推理得出的方案均落入本发明保护范围。In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Any solution obtained by equivalent replacement and conventional reasoning of the technical features of the technical solution of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例一Embodiment one
如图所示一种用于大黄鱼生态修复的人工鱼礁岛，包括固定框架1，固定框架中呈矩阵式的布设多个第一鱼礁单体2和多个第二鱼礁单体3，在同一个平面上，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体交替设置。As shown in the figure, an artificial reef island for ecological restoration of large yellow croaker includes a fixed frame 1 in which a plurality of first reef units 2 and a plurality of second reef units 3 are arranged in a matrix , on the same plane, the first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer are arranged alternately.
进一步的，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体均包括正六边形结构的第一框架201、第二框架202、第三框架203和第四框架204，第一框架和第四框架的边长相等，第二框架和第三框架的边长相等，第一框架的边长小于第二框架的边长；Further, the first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer all include the first frame 201, the second frame 202, the third frame 203 and the fourth frame 204 of regular hexagonal structure, the first frame and the fourth frame The side lengths of the second frame and the third frame are equal, and the side length of the first frame is smaller than the side length of the second frame;
第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架依次同轴设置，第二框架和第三框架对齐设置、且两者之间通过多个第一连杆205加以连接；第一框架的顶角与第二框架的边框对应设置，第一框架与第二框架之间通过多个第二连杆206加以连接；第四框架的顶角与第三框架的边框对应设置，第三框架与第四框架之间通过多个第三连杆207加以连接；The first frame, the second frame, the third frame and the fourth frame are arranged coaxially in sequence, the second frame and the third frame are aligned and arranged, and the two are connected by a plurality of first connecting rods 205; the first frame The top angle is set corresponding to the frame of the second frame, and the first frame and the second frame are connected by a plurality of second connecting rods 206; the top angle of the fourth frame is set corresponding to the frame of the third frame, and the third frame is connected to the frame of the third frame. The fourth frames are connected by a plurality of third connecting rods 207;
第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架组合形成鱼礁腔208，第一框架和第四框架可作为鱼礁腔的进出开口209。The combination of the first frame, the second frame, the third frame and the fourth frame forms the fish reef cavity 208, and the first frame and the fourth frame can be used as the entrance and exit opening 209 of the fish reef cavity.
进一步的，第一鱼礁单体的中轴线与第二鱼礁单体的中轴线垂直设置。Further, the central axis of the first fish reef unit is perpendicular to the central axis of the second fish reef unit.
进一步的，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体之间通过钢丝绳4加以连接。Further, the first fish reef unit and the second fish reef unit are connected by a wire rope 4 .
进一步的，固定框架包括网格状的上固定框101、下固定框102和侧固定框103，上固定框和下固定框平行设置，四个侧固定框分别垂直的固定在上固定框和下固定框之间；以不阻挡大黄鱼进出为目的，固定框架的网格大于鱼礁腔；Further, the fixed frame includes a grid-shaped upper fixed frame 101, a lower fixed frame 102 and a side fixed frame 103, the upper fixed frame and the lower fixed frame are arranged in parallel, and the four side fixed frames are respectively vertically fixed on the upper fixed frame and the lower fixed frame. Between the fixed frames; for the purpose of not blocking the entry and exit of large yellow croakers, the grid of the fixed frame is larger than the reef cavity;
第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体设置在固定框架中，且位于最外侧的第一鱼礁单体可通过钢丝绳与固定框架固定连接。The first fish reef unit and the second fish reef unit are arranged in the fixed frame, and the first fish reef unit located on the outermost side can be fixedly connected with the fixed frame by a wire rope.
进一步的，下固定框的底部设有插接限位组件；插接限位组件包括竖直设置的插接杆104，插接杆上可上下移动的套设限位板105，限位板与下固定框平行设置，限位板上设有多个通槽106，每个通槽上设有一个球冠结构的支撑凸起107；Further, the bottom of the lower fixed frame is provided with a plug-in limit assembly; the plug-in limit assembly includes a vertically arranged plug-in rod 104, and a limit plate 105 is sleeved on the plug-in rod that can move up and down. The lower fixing frame is arranged in parallel, and a plurality of through grooves 106 are arranged on the limit plate, and each through groove is provided with a support protrusion 107 of a spherical crown structure;
插接杆可插入固定在海底，并将限位板上的支撑凸起压紧至与下固定框相接触。The inserting rod can be inserted and fixed on the seabed, and the support protrusion on the limiting plate is pressed to contact with the lower fixing frame.
进一步的，第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体之间还可以通过钢丝绳固定多个喂食管5。Further, a plurality of feeding pipes 5 can also be fixed by wire ropes between the first fish reef unit and the second fish reef unit.
进一步的，喂食管包括圆柱体结构的管体501，管体的中心设有饵食腔502，饵食腔与管体同轴设置；饵食腔的外部设有多个圆环形结构的浸润腔503，浸润腔沿管体的轴线方向布设；饵食腔与浸润腔之间通过多个第一通道504相连通，浸润腔与外界通过多个第二通道505相连接；饵食腔中设有鱼食。Further, the feeding tube includes a tube body 501 with a cylindrical structure, the center of the tube body is provided with a bait chamber 502, and the bait chamber is coaxially arranged with the tube body; the outside of the bait chamber is provided with a plurality of infiltration chambers with circular structures. cavity 503, the infiltration cavity is arranged along the axial direction of the pipe body; the bait cavity communicates with the infiltration cavity through a plurality of first channels 504, and the infiltration cavity is connected with the outside world through a plurality of second channels 505; There is fish food.
进一步的，人工鱼礁岛的安装方法为：Further, the installation method of the artificial reef is as follows:
1)预制固定框架、第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体；1) Prefabricated fixed frame, the first single fish reef and the second single fish reef;
2)将第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体固定在固定框架中；2) fixing the first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer in the fixed frame;
3)将喂食管固定在所需的第一鱼礁单体和第二鱼礁单体之间；3) Fix the feeding tube between the required first fish reef monomer and the second fish reef monomer;
4)将固定框架送入海底，使插接杆插入海底加以固定，即可得到人工鱼礁岛。4) The fixing frame is sent into the seabed, and the insertion rod is inserted into the seabed for fixing, and the artificial fish reef island can be obtained.
在本实施例中，第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架均为一体成型式结构。In this embodiment, the first frame, the second frame, the third frame and the fourth frame are all integrated structures.
实施例二Embodiment two
基于实施例一的一种用于大黄鱼生态修复的人工鱼礁岛，在本实施例中，第一框架、第二框架、第三框架和第四框架分别有多个连接臂铰接固定而成。An artificial fish reef island for ecological restoration of large yellow croaker based on the first embodiment, in this embodiment, the first frame, the second frame, the third frame and the fourth frame are respectively hinged and fixed by a plurality of connecting arms .
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