CN110416447A - 车辆电池壳 - Google Patents

车辆电池壳 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110416447A
CN110416447A CN201811080203.0A CN201811080203A CN110416447A CN 110416447 A CN110416447 A CN 110416447A CN 201811080203 A CN201811080203 A CN 201811080203A CN 110416447 A CN110416447 A CN 110416447A
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lower wall
wall panels
battery case
longitudinal
battery
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CN110416447B (zh
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金敏煜
权杋柱
全伦哲
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Modern Auto Co Ltd
Kia Corp
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Modern Auto Co Ltd
Kia Motors Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
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    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
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    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
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    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2336—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer both layers being aluminium
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    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
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    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
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Abstract

本发明提供一种车辆电池壳。电池壳包括：下壁板；至少一个横向构件，设置在下壁板上以增加横向刚度；至少一个纵向构件，设置在下壁板上以增加纵向刚度；以及侧壁构件，沿下壁板的边缘附接至下壁板的上表面。

Description

车辆电池壳
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆电池壳，且更具体地，涉及一种减轻重量同时实现高刚性的车辆电池壳。
背景技术
由于高油价和二氧化碳法规，正在积极进行能够替代传统内燃机车辆的环境友好型车辆的开发。纯电动车辆或混合动力车辆已由汽车制造商商用化和发售，或正在商用化进程中。对于需要对电池充电的环境友好型车辆，客户对于减少充电时间和增加单次充电的行驶距离的需求日益增长。由于环境友好型车辆的行驶距离与车辆的重量呈负相关关系，因此减轻车辆重量正成为这种环境友好型车辆的问题
然而，传统的电池壳使用压制成型的钢部件以便能够承受电池的重量，或者通过将钢筋嵌入成型为塑料复合材料来制造。另外，为了确保壳体的刚度和耐久性，需要使用具有足够厚度的钢材料，并且必须将安装支架等单独安装至壳体，这增加了电池壳的总重量。因此，车辆的总重量增加，结果车辆的行驶距离缩短。
作为背景技术说明的详细内容仅是为了促进对本发明背景的理解，并且不应解释为承认其构成本领域普通技术人员已知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明提供一种车辆电池壳，其由铝材料制成，因此能够减轻总重量，并且包括用于增加横向刚度的至少一个横向构件和用于增加纵向刚度的至少一个纵向构件，因此能够提高刚度。
根据本发明的一方面，一种车辆的电池壳可包括：下壁板；至少一个横向构件，设置在下壁板上以增加横向刚度；至少一个纵向构件，设置在下壁板上以增加纵向刚度；以及侧壁构件，沿下壁板的边缘附接至下壁板的上表面。
横向构件和纵向构件可在两者之间形成电池容纳空间，并且侧壁构件的上端可与车辆的地板下侧结合。电池壳还可包括：辅助横向构件，设置在从电池容纳空间朝向车辆后端隔开预定距离的位置；以及辅助纵向构件，形成在电池容纳空间与辅助横向构件之间以及电池容纳空间与侧壁构件之间。
纵向构件可设置在横向构件的上方。另外，纵向构件与横向构件可通过金属惰性气体(MIG)焊接彼此结合。侧壁构件可包括：边缘部，沿下壁板的边缘附接并具有预定高度；第一刚性构件，附接至边缘部的纵向侧的至少一部分；以及第二刚性构件，附接至边缘部的横向侧的至少一部分。第一刚性构件和第二刚性构件可通过MIG焊接结合至边缘部。下壁板与侧壁构件可通过摩擦搅拌焊接(FSW)彼此结合。下壁板、横向构件、纵向构件和侧壁构件中的至少一个可由铝材料制成。
附图说明
通过以下结合附图进行的详细说明，将更清楚地理解本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点，其中：
图1是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳的分解立体图；
图2是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳的立体图；
图3是根据本发明的示例性实施例的沿图2中的线A-A’截取的剖视图；
图4是示出在根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳中侧壁构件的第一刚性构件和第二刚性构件通过MIG焊接结合至边缘部的状态的视图；并且
图5是示出在根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳中下壁板和侧壁构件通过FSW彼此结合的状态的视图。
具体实施方式
可以理解的是，本文所使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或者其它相似术语包括一般的机动车辆，例如包括运动型多功能车(SUV)、公共汽车、卡车、各种商用车辆在内的乘用车辆，包括各种艇和船在内的水运工具，以及航空器等，并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、插电式混合电动车辆、氢动力车辆和其它替代燃料车辆(例如，从石油以外的资源取得的燃料)。如本文所提及的，混合动力车辆是具有两种或更多种动力源的车辆，例如兼备汽油动力和电动力的车辆。
本文所使用的术语仅用于说明特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本发明。如本文所使用的，单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该”旨在同样包括复数形式，除非上下文另外明确指明。将进一步理解的是，当在本说明书中使用时，词语“包括”和/或“包含”规定所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件的存在，但不排除一个或多个其它特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群组的存在或添加。如本文所使用的，词语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列出项目的任何和所有组合。
除非特别说明或从上下文明显可见，如本文所使用的，词语“约”应理解为在本领域的正常容差范围内，例如在平均值的2倍标准偏差内。“约”可理解为在所述值的10％、9％、8％、7％、6％、5％、4％、3％、2％、1％、0.5％、0.1％、0.05％或0.01％内。除非从上下文另外明确，否则本文提供的所有数值均由词语“约”修改。
在下文中，将参照附图说明根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳。
图1是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳的分解立体图，图2是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳的立体图，图3是沿图2中的线A-A’截取的剖视图，图4是示出在根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳中侧壁构件的第一刚性构件和第二刚性构件通过MIG焊接结合至边缘部的状态的视图，并且图5是示出在根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳中下壁板和侧壁构件通过FSW彼此结合的状态的视图。
如图1和图2中所示，根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳可包括下壁板100，设置在下壁板100上的横向构件200，设置在下壁板100上的纵向构件300，以及沿下壁板100的边缘附接至下壁板100的上表面的侧壁构件400。在一些示例性实施例中，车辆电池壳还可包括辅助横向构件210或辅助纵向构件310。
特别地，构成车辆电池壳的下壁板100、横向构件200、辅助横向构件210、纵向构件300、辅助纵向构件310以及侧壁构件400中的至少一个构件可由铝材料制成。为了减轻电池壳的重量，上述构件全部可由铝材料制成。因此，在本发明中，由于上述电池壳的具体组成元件可由铝材料制成，所以与由钢材料制成的传统电池壳相比，可进一步减轻电池壳的重量，并且因此可增加车辆的行驶距离。
下壁板100可由铝材料制成为具有平板形状，并且侧壁构件400可沿下壁板100的边缘结合至下壁板100的上表面。另外，下壁板100可以是防水的(例如，具有水封)。至少一个横向构件200可设置在下壁板100上，并可增加电池壳的横向刚度。为了进一步增加电池壳的横向刚度，可将多个横向构件200设置在下壁板100上。另外，横向构件200可由铝材料制成。
至少一个纵向构件300可设置在下壁板100上，并可增加电池壳的纵向刚度。为了进一步增加电池壳的纵向刚度，可将多个纵向构件300设置在下壁板100上。特别地，纵向构件300可由铝材料制成。在横向构件200与纵向构件300之间可形成电池容纳空间，并且电池单元可安装于电池容纳空间中。
如图2中所示，根据本发明的示例性实施例的车辆电池壳还可包括位于从电池容纳空间朝向车辆后端隔开预定距离的位置处的辅助横向构件210。另外，车辆电池壳还可包括设置在电池容纳空间与辅助横向构件210之间以及电池容纳空间与侧壁构件400之间的辅助纵向构件310。因此，在本发明中，由于辅助横向构件210可设置在从电池容纳空间朝向车辆后端隔开预定距离的位置，并且辅助纵向构件310可设置在电池容纳空间与辅助横向构件210之间，因此当在车辆后部发生碰撞时，辅助横向构件210和辅助纵向构件310可主要吸收碰撞冲击，因而防止冲击直接传递至容纳在电池容纳空间内的电池，从而更有效地保护电池。
另外，根据本发明的示例性实施例，如图2中所示，通过在电池壳内设置用于增加横向刚度的至少一个横向构件200和用于增加纵向刚度的至少一个纵向构件300，可以紧凑的结构实现抵抗车辆后部碰撞或车辆侧向碰撞的刚度。此外，与需要为了实现横向刚度或纵向刚度而安装至电池壳的外部的安装支架等以及用于保护安装支架的盖等的传统电池壳相比，可降低电池壳的重量和成本。
参照图3，纵向构件300可设置在横向构件200上方。特别地，纵向构件300和横向构件200可通过金属惰性气体(MIG)焊接彼此结合。如图2中所示，侧壁构件400可沿下壁板100的边缘附接至下壁板100的上表面。如图5中所示，下壁板100和侧壁构件400可通过摩擦搅拌焊接(FSW)彼此结合。在侧壁构件400和下壁板100通过FSW彼此结合之后，电池可容纳在电池容纳空间内，随后，侧壁构件400的上端可结合至车辆地板的下侧。特别地，侧壁构件400可通过螺栓连接等结合至车辆地板的下侧，但是不限于此，侧壁构件400的上端可通过各种类型的结合方式结合至车辆地板的下侧。
下壁板100和侧壁构件400可以是防水的。换言之，部件之间的连接或结合提供防水密封。因此，可防止外部异物和水分被引入电池中，这可进一步提高电池的耐久性。另外，侧壁构件400可包括沿下壁板100的边缘附接并具有预定高度的边缘部410，附接至边缘部410的纵向侧的至少一部分的第一刚性构件420，以及附接至边缘部410的横向侧的至少一部分的第二刚性构件430。在一些示例性实施例中，如图2中所示，两个第一刚性构件420可结合至边缘部410的相应纵向侧。
第一刚性构件420可形成有可结合至车辆地板下侧的结合部。例如，当侧壁构件400螺栓连接至车辆地板的下侧时，第一刚性构件420可形成有螺栓可插入的孔。第二刚性构件430可结合至横向侧，更具体地，车辆后侧的边缘部410的横向侧。特别地，如图4中所示，第一刚性构件420、第二刚性构件430和边缘部410可通过MIG焊接彼此结合。
如上所述，在根据本发明的示例性实施例的电池壳的侧壁构件400中，由于第一刚性构件420可结合至边缘部410的两纵向侧，并且第二刚性构件430可结合至车辆后侧的边缘部410的横向侧，因此当车辆发生侧向或后端碰撞时，第一刚性构件420和第二刚性构件430可主要吸收碰撞冲击，从而防止冲击直接传递至容纳在电池容纳空间中的电池，并且更有效地保护电池。
从以上说明中显而易见的是，根据本发明，通过使用铝材料形成车辆电池壳，可减轻电池壳的总重量，并因此增加车辆的行驶距离。另外，通过在电池壳内设置用于增加横向刚度的至少一个横向构件和用于增加纵向刚度的至少一个纵向构件，可增加电池壳的刚度而不需要安装于电池壳的外部的单独的安装支架等。另外，通过将辅助横向构件设置在电池壳的车辆后侧并将辅助纵向构件设置在电池容纳空间与辅助横向构件之间以及电池容纳空间与侧壁构件之间，可增加刚度，并因而提高承受横向和后端碰撞的能力。
尽管以上已参照附图说明了本发明的示例性实施例，但是本领域技术人员将理解，可在不改变本发明的技术构思或特征的情况下，以各种其他示例性实施例实现本发明。

Claims (10)

1.一种车辆的电池壳，包括：
下壁板；
至少一个横向构件，设置在所述下壁板上以增加横向刚度；
至少一个纵向构件，设置在所述下壁板上以增加纵向刚度；以及
侧壁构件，沿所述下壁板的边缘附接至所述下壁板的上表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池壳，其特征在于，在所述横向构件与所述纵向构件之间形成电池容纳空间，并且所述侧壁构件的上端与所述车辆的地板下侧结合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电池壳，还包括：
辅助横向构件，设置在从所述电池容纳空间朝向所述车辆的后端隔开预定距离的位置；以及
辅助纵向构件，形成在所述电池容纳空间与所述辅助横向构件之间以及所述电池容纳空间与所述侧壁构件之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述纵向构件设置在所述横向构件的上方。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述纵向构件与所述横向构件通过金属惰性气体(MIG)焊接彼此结合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述侧壁构件包括：
边缘部，沿所述下壁板的边缘附接并具有预定高度；
第一刚性构件，附接至所述边缘部的纵向侧的至少一部分；以及
第二刚性构件，附接至所述边缘部的横向侧的至少一部分。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述第一刚性构件和所述第二刚性构件通过金属惰性气体焊接结合至所述边缘部。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述下壁板与所述侧壁构件通过摩擦搅拌焊接(FSW)彼此结合。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电池壳，其特征在于，所述下壁板、所述横向构件、所述纵向构件和所述侧壁构件中的至少一个由铝材料制成。
10.一种车辆，包括根据权利要求1所述的电池壳。
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