CN110410085A - A kind of shield cutter of the shield machine based on geology forward probe - Google Patents

A kind of shield cutter of the shield machine based on geology forward probe Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110410085A
CN110410085A CN201910811247.4A CN201910811247A CN110410085A CN 110410085 A CN110410085 A CN 110410085A CN 201910811247 A CN201910811247 A CN 201910811247A CN 110410085 A CN110410085 A CN 110410085A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cutter
shield
mounting portion
cutterhead body
pzt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201910811247.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110410085B (en
Inventor
付春青
方江华
徐鹏程
郑瑞兵
毕欣
张爽
张志鹏
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Beijing Sumitomo Group Co Ltd
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Beijing Sumitomo Group Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Sumitomo Group Co Ltd filed Critical Beijing Sumitomo Group Co Ltd
Priority to CN202110329711.3A priority Critical patent/CN112855178B/en
Priority to CN202110329704.3A priority patent/CN112855177B/en
Priority to CN201910811247.4A priority patent/CN110410085B/en
Publication of CN110410085A publication Critical patent/CN110410085A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110410085B publication Critical patent/CN110410085B/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of shield cutters of shield machine based on geology forward probe, more particularly to a kind of shield cutter, the shield cutter includes: the cutterhead body for installing cutter, center cutter and detection device for geology forward probe, the front medium position of cutterhead body is equipped with the first mounting portion for installing the center cutter, the center cutter includes the mounting base being adapted to first mounting portion, the center cutter when being installed in place at the first mounting portion the mounting base be at least partly inlaid in first mounting portion, the region opposite with the mounting base at the back side of cutterhead body is equipped with for installing the detection device to provide the second mounting portion of installation space for detection device, second mounting portion in the form of the groove for being embedded in cutterhead body to be arranged, it is not connected between first mounting portion and the second mounting portion.The present invention reliably protects detection device.

Description

A kind of shield cutter of the shield machine based on geology forward probe
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of construction machinery more particularly to a kind of shield knives of the shield machine based on geology forward probe Disk.
Background technique
Shield construction is to build the construction method of subterranean tunnel, water-supply line, sewer and power cable pipeline etc. in underground One of, the capital equipment of work progress is shield machine.Shield machine is a kind of totally enclosed rock tunnel(ling) machine, belongs to one kind and is used for The mechanical equipment in the channels such as tunneling is a kind of construction machine that can be supported the pressure on stratum but also tunnel in the earth formation Tool, driving element are resisted against the lining segment installed in the channel of excavation and extend anti-to provide driving forward for shield cutter Power.With shield machine carry out tunnel construction with high degree of automation, save that manpower, speed of application be fast, a cavitation, not climate It can control surface subsidence when influencing, excavating, reduce the influence to above ground structure and do not influence water surface traffic when excavating under water The features such as, tunnel line is longer, in the biggish situation of buried depth, with shield machine construction more economical rationality.
In recent years, rail traffic development in domestic city is extremely rapid, and the application of shield-tunneling construction is also more and more extensive.Modern tunnel In road construction project, it is increasingly encountered compound stratum problem.Conventional shield construction is suitble in more single weak soil It constructs in stratum, soft rock strata and layer of sand.But since the geological condition on tunneling direction can not be entirely single shape Formula, compound stratum can be inevitably encountered, during tunnel construction, if cannot to the geological condition of shield driving front of tunnel heading Accurate judgement can be largely affected by construction speed.For example, being Hua Gang in southeastern coastal areas such as Guangdong, the Shenzhen in China The widely distributed region of rock, mostly compound stratum.Hard rock is commonly encountered when in this kind of region using shield construction construction tunnel And upper soft lower hard compound stratum, very big difficulty is brought to construction, needs a kind of geology feelings detected in front of shield driving route The technology of condition brings certain reference to shield-tunneling construction.
Geological condition is detected, there are three types of the practices wells of the prior art:
The first is conventional borehole coring exploration engineering, and the technology is since cloth pitch of holes is big, to the detection ratio on tunnel stratum It is rougher, and the deviation of actual conditions is larger, make during shield-tunneling construction to the grasp situation of front of tunnel heading poor strata not Accurately, very big difficulty is brought to construction, if encryption cloth hole exploration, at high cost, time-consuming,
Second is TSP (tunnel seismic prediction, tunnel seismic prospecting) technology, which is in tunnel 1 1.5~2m gun drilling is played in a road face rear abutment wall distant place, is poured water wherein and is placed a three-component geophone, thenad Sub- face direction is evenly arranged the drilling for boring deep about 1.5m, high explosive is put into after pouring water, then successively explosion, is examined by three-component Wave device receives the elastic wave that explosion generates.Elastic one side of wave direction wave detector directly propagates to be received by wave detector, is propagated to another party Area face forward is passed through afterwards, is encountered different wave impedance in rock mass and is formed reflection, back wave successively returns to each wave detector quilt It receives, charts through data processing, then through the interpretation to image, obtain geology conclusion.TSP tunnel seismic prospecting technology needs to drill Explosion generates Earthquake Resilient wave, and by some excitings, multipoint reception (or multi-point exciting, a little receive) predicts unfavorable geology, TSP technological prediction range is generally hundred meters or so, to improve precision, reduces error, vibration excited by explosive action several times need to be done in hundred meters, Its preparatory process is complicated, and time-consuming.
The third is to install to be detected for detecting the detecting element of geological condition on shield cutter, with can be rapidly Feedback detection is as a result, common are the modes such as mechanical elements measurement and acoustic measurement.Wherein, the mode that mechanical elements measure is for example Notification number is a kind of soil property shield tunnel construction disease advanced prediction method disclosed in the Chinese patent literature of CN104863602B. Forward probe device is set in front of shield machine, the collateral resistance, end resistance and hole of soil layer can be detected using advanced probe Then result is transported to shield-tunneling construction control centre to determine soil layer property by water pressure, form clay distribution and property is three-dimensional Model, and automatically generate constantly modified clay distribution and property in larger scope and predict threedimensional model, thus judgement front is native Body engineering properties revises arrangement and method for construction in time and takes safety measures, save engineering cost, guarantees construction quality, avoids occurring Serious accident.The invention can predict construction environment, and Optimizing Construction Scheme takes safety measures, and conveniently, safely, save material Expect, be applicable to soil layer of different nature, is that a kind of soil property shield tunnel construction disease of accurate economy is advanced in shield-tunneling construction Forecasting procedure.But due to the mountable space on cutterhead be it is limited, directly affect the size of scalable probe, Cause the extension elongation of scalable probe limited, measurement range is limited to very much.For example middle Rail West south science of the mode of acoustic measurement Research institute carries out technological improvement on the basis of " HSP horizontal acoustic waves profile method ", proposes " HSP Acoustic Reflection Method ", utilizes transmitting The rebound of wave returns to find out front rock stratum information, and by many years research and development, the relevant technologies have been successfully applied to practical work Journey.The mode of acoustic measurement is in another example the Chinese patent literature that Authorization Notice No. is CN205297591U discloses a kind of shield machine Preposition ultrasonic wave geology detecting equipment, including a ultrasonic detector, ultrasonic detector are fixed on a shield machine, ultrasonic wave Detector includes supersonic generator and ultrasonic receiver, supersonic generator and ultrasonic receiver with a miniature processing The connection of device system, shield machine include a cutterhead, and cutterhead is equipped with array blade, and cutterhead is connected by a transmission device and motor It connects, motor is connect with microprocessor system.The utility model passes through ultrasound examination with can making microprocessor system Matter is judged, is driven cutterhead to enter working condition for motor and is provided foundation, realize that automation opens and closes, reduce into This, improves work efficiency.But the utility model does not consider how that a reliable mounting ring can be provided for detecting element Border, surface of shell are flushed with cutterhead surface, even if which employs wear-resisting shells, still, since the centre of cutterhead exists The external force that surrounding soil or rock mass etc. are born during rotation driving, is not only easily damaged, but also neat with cutterhead surface Flat surface of shell also weakens the driving ability of cutterhead itself.Therefore, it is necessary to be improved to the prior art.
In addition, on the one hand since the understanding to those skilled in the art has differences；On the other hand since inventor makes Lot of documents and patent are had studied when of the invention, but length limits and do not enumerate all details and content in detail, however this is absolutely Non-present invention does not have the feature of these prior arts, and present invention has been provided with all features of the prior art, Er Qieshen Ask someone to retain the right for increasing related art in the background technology.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of shield knives of shield machine based on geology forward probe Disk more particularly to a kind of shield cutter, the shield cutter include: for installing the cutterhead body of cutter, center cutter and for ground The detection device of matter forward probe, the front medium position of cutterhead body are equipped with the first installation for installing the center cutter Portion, the center cutter include the mounting base being adapted to first mounting portion, and the center cutter is installed at the first mounting portion The mounting base is at least partly inlaid in first mounting portion when position, the back side of cutterhead body with the mounting base phase Pair region be equipped with for installing the detection device to provide the second mounting portion of installation space for detection device, first installs It is not connected between portion and the second mounting portion.
According to a preferred embodiment, first mounting portion includes cylindrical central channel and from central channel to center The anti-spin slot of two radially extended first of slot, the mounting base includes two the first anti-rotation boss and two connecting plates, described First anti-rotation boss is stuck in the described first anti-spin slot, and the connecting plate is bolted in the cutterhead body with fixation Center cutter, when shield cutter carries out shield operation, the external force that the front soil body is applied to center cutter can be by being stuck in the first anti-rotation The first anti-rotation boss in slot is directly applied to cutterhead body.
Be not connected to according to a preferred embodiment, between the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion refer to the first mounting portion and Between second mounting portion on direction of the front to the back side from cutterhead body each other by some materials of cutterhead body completely every From so that not circulating mutually and also having been obstructed under working condition from cutterhead body between the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion Positive at least part of dynamic change stress, the part material of the cutterhead body of the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion is isolated Expect that the thickness on the direction in the front from cutterhead body to the back side is 20~30mm, first mounting portion includes cylindrical Central channel, from central channel along the anti-spin slot of two to extend radially outwardly first and the second anti-spin slot of central channel, the cutterhead sheet Body is equipped with along the spaced apart several hobboing cutter installation positions for being used to install hobboing cutter of extending direction of spoke, the hobboing cutter installation position For extended through from the front of cutterhead body cutterhead body the back side through-hole, one end of the relatively close central channel of the second anti-spin slot It is connected with the first anti-spin slot, the second anti-spin slot is relatively distant from nearest from central channel one on the other end and spoke of central channel A hobboing cutter installation position is connected, and the connecting plate is bolted in the cutterhead body with fixed center knife, it is fixed in The bolt of heart knife can by perpendicular to or be snugly mounted on spoke in a manner of being approximately perpendicular to the rotation axis of cutterhead body In a hobboing cutter installation position nearest from central channel, the mounting base includes two the first anti-rotation boss and two connecting plates；Its In, when center cutter is installed in place at the first mounting portion, the first anti-rotation boss is embedded to be stuck in the described first anti-rotation Slot is to allow the described first anti-side wall for revolving boss and the first anti-spin slot to abut against each other and to form the first force transferring structure, and the connection Plate embeddedly block in the described second anti-spin slot with allow connecting plate side wall and the second anti-spin slot abut against each other and to form the second power transmission Structure, when shield cutter carries out shield operation, the external force that the front soil body is applied to the dynamic change of center cutter can at least pass through In first force transferring structure and second different from each other from the centre distance of cutterhead body of cutterhead body being radially respectively formed Force transferring structure directly disperses in the structure for being applied to cutterhead body from the different location of cutterhead body；Wherein, perpendicular to cutterhead On the perspective plane in the direction of the rotation axis of ontology, the outer profile projection line of the first mounting portion is completely by the foreign steamer of the second mounting portion In wide projection line is enclosed in, the projected area of the central channel of the first mounting portion is 9~25 times of the projected area of the second mounting portion, So that the second installation when center cutter is applied to some materials external force of the cutterhead body of the first mounting portion of isolation and the second mounting portion A possibility that portion can be integrally moved back at the rear of the first mounting portion to reduce the detection device being arranged in the second mounting portion damage.
According to a preferred embodiment, the detection device includes control module, ultrasonic probe and the first channel radio Believe module, the ultrasonic probe includes into several PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s of matrix form arrangement, and the control module is configured as It controls the ultrasonic probe and ultrasonic wave is sent by wherein any one PZT (piezoelectric transducer), then control module obtains ultrasonic wave Not the surpassing as the received front soil body reflection of at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s in the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for sending ultrasonic wave of probe The ultrasonic echo signal that sound echo generates, the control module obtain after the ultrasonic echo signal by wireless communication Module transfer, which is given, is mounted on control room when shield cutter rotates relative to shield machine is on the position of non-rotating state the Two wireless communication modules.
According to a preferred embodiment, control module, which can be based at least partially on, connects at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s The ultrasonic echo signal of receipts is handled to generate three-dimensional imaging data, wherein control module can be based at least partially on to extremely Few received ultrasonic echo signal processing of three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s is come to generate three-dimensional imaging data be by pressing at least three The received ultrasonic echo signal of electric transducer carries out aperture synthetic to generate three-dimensional imaging data, and the three-dimensional imaging data is used The geological condition in the region of different depth in front of instruction shield cutter.
According to a preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic listening module includes at least 16 in matrix form arrangement PZT (piezoelectric transducer), the control module can allow in multiple PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s any one generate ultrasonic wave, then control mould Block can selectively obtain not connecing as nine PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s in the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for sending ultrasonic wave for ultrasonic probe The ultrasonic echo signal that the ultrasonic echo of the front soil body reflection of receipts generates, wherein control module at random will at least nine PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is divided at least three groups, and every group includes three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s, and control module is based on every group of three piezoelectric energy-conversions The ultrasonic echo signal of device acquisition generates a three-dimensional imaging data to be verified respectively to generate at least three groups of three-dimensional imagings Data, control module are corresponded to based at least three groups of comparing for three-dimensional imaging data with identification at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas 3-D image common characteristic part existing for same area, and to common characteristic part at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas In frequency of occurrence the confidence level can reflect corresponding common characteristic part is marked.
According to a preferred embodiment, the cutterhead body includes two spokes being arranged each other in angle, every spoke The radiation direction of two lateral edge spokes of item is arranged at intervals at least two tool aprons, and the tool apron is for installing cutter, and two Tool apron on spoke is different with a distance from the rotation center of cutterhead body so that the cutter being mounted on two spokes is total With the cooperation cutting front soil body, the cut coverage of the cutter on different spokes is complimentary to one another to cut dead angle to reduce.
According to a preferred embodiment, the tool apron be set to the front of cutterhead body and tool apron towards shield cutter driving Direction stretch out, the tool apron be equipped with to cutter groove, the cutter include with it is described matched to cutter groove to knife edge, it is described to cutter groove Including facade and inclined load-carrying surface, the facade and the load-carrying surface each other setting at an acute angle to be allowed when the cutter is installed It is described to knife along being engaged each other to cutter groove with described, thus by one in facade and load-carrying surface by cutter be subject to along shield The circumferential external force of cutterhead is at least partly transmitted in cutterhead body.
According to a preferred embodiment, the load-carrying surface is equipped at least one card slot, and the cutter is held with described The position of power face contact is accordingly equipped with the fixture block being fitted to each other with the card slot, the cutter pass through the fixture block being fitted to each other and Card slot is at least partly transmitted to what the cutter was subject in cutterhead body along the radial external force of shield cutter.
According to a preferred embodiment, the back side that cutterhead body is at least partially set of second mounting portion Mounting hole, shield cutter further include using insulating materials make sealing cover, the sealing cover be threadingly attached to mounting hole with The second mounting portion is formed between sealing cover and mounting hole, after the sealing cover is installed in place, at least one of the sealing cover Divide and is resisted against on the shell of detection device to clamp detection device jointly with mounting hole to reduce the shaking of detection device.
According to a preferred embodiment, a kind of shield construction method of the shield machine based on geology forward probe, the party Method carries out shield-tunneling construction using shield cutter described in one of preferred embodiment recorded in the present invention, and in shield-tunneling construction During, forward probe is carried out using geological condition of the detection device on shield cutter to front.
The shield cutter that the present invention provides a kind of shield machine based on geology forward probe at least has the advantage that
First, detection device is mounted on to the back side of cutterhead body, avoid detection device be mounted on front and by larger External force leads to a possibility that damage；
Second, detection device is that insertion is mounted in the groove of cutterhead body, and also right in the centre of cutterhead body It is equipped with the mounting base being inlaid in the first mounting portion with answering, two layers of protection is formd to detection device as a result,；
Third, when center cutter is worn away to a certain extent, can be replaced in time since center cutter can be replaced, so that First layer protection is updated with the replacement of center cutter every time, detection device can still be obtained in the long-term use process Reliable protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the rough schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the front schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram at another visual angle of a preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the partial schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of center cutter；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of tool apron and cutter；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of tool apron and cutter；
Fig. 9 is the partial structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of tool apron and cutter；
Figure 10 is the module diagram of a preferred embodiment of detection device；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of a preferred arrangement of PZT (piezoelectric transducer)；
Figure 12 is the lateral incision face structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention；With
Figure 13 is the lateral incision face structural schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Reference signs list
100: 110: the first mounting portion 111 of cutterhead body: central channel
112: the first anti-spin slots 113: the anti-spin slot of the anti-spin slot 114: the second of third
120: the second mounting portions 121: mounting hole 130: spoke
140: tool apron 141: to cutter groove 1411: facade
1412: load-carrying surface 1413: card slot 150: arc ribs
160: cutterhead connector 161: terminal pad 162: connecting rod
170: hobboing cutter installation position 180: thin-wall regions 200: detection device
210: control module
220: ultrasonic probe 221: 230: the first wireless communication module of PZT (piezoelectric transducer)
240: direction sensor 300: center cutter 310: mounting base
311: the first anti-rotation boss 313 of anti-rotation boss 312: the second: connecting plate
400: cutter 410: to knife along 411: fixture block
500: the second wireless communication modules 600: sealing cover 700: relatively non-rotating fixing body
800: dog link
K1: the first the K2: the second force transferring structure of force transferring structure
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.Word " module " used herein describes any hardware, software or soft Hardware combinations are able to carry out function associated with " module ".
Embodiment 1
According to a preferred embodiment, present embodiment discloses a kind of shields of shield machine based on geology forward probe Cutterhead, in other words a kind of shield cutter.In the case where not causing conflict or contradictory situation, the preferred embodiment of other embodiments Entirety and/or partial content can be used as the supplement of the present embodiment.
According to a preferred embodiment, referring to Fig. 1,2,3,4 and 6, the shield cutter may include cutterhead body 100, At least one of center cutter 300 and detection device 200.The shield cutter may include the cutterhead body for installing cutter 100, at least one of center cutter 300 and the detection device 200 for geology forward probe.In the front of cutterhead body 100 Portion position can be equipped with the first mounting portion 110 for installation center knife 300.Center cutter 300 may include and the first mounting portion The mounting base 310 of 110 adaptations.Mounting base 310 at least partly may be used when center cutter 300 is installed in place at the first mounting portion 110 To be inlaid in the first mounting portion 110.As a result, to form first layer protection to detection device 200 by mounting base 310.Cutterhead The region opposite with mounting base 310 at the back side of ontology 100 can be equipped with for installing detection device 200 as detection device 200 provide the second mounting portion 120 of installation space.Second mounting portion 120 can be set in the form of a groove in cutterhead body 100 It sets.After mounting base 310 is installed in place on the first mounting portion 110, the one side and knife in the direction towards shield driving of mounting base 310 The front flush of disk ontology 100.It can be connected between first mounting portion 110 and the second mounting portion 120.As a result, to pass through knife Disk ontology 100 forms second layer protection to detection device 200.The present invention at least can be realized following Advantageous using this mode Effect: first, detection device 200 is mounted on to the back side of cutterhead body 100, avoid detection device 200 be mounted on front and by A possibility that leading to damage to larger external force；Second, detection device 200 be insertion be mounted in the groove of cutterhead body 100, and The mounting base 310 being inlaid in the first mounting portion 110 is also accordingly equipped in the centre of cutterhead body 100, as a result, to spy It surveys device 200 and forms two layers of protection；Third is worn away certain journey in center cutter 300 since center cutter 300 can be replaced It when spending, can replace in time, so that first layer protection is updated with the replacement of center cutter 300 every time, to allow detection device 200 Reliably protected.
According to a preferred embodiment, referring to Figure 12, the side of the second mounting portion 120 towards the first mounting portion 110 can To be separated from each other by the thin-wall regions 180 for significantly enhancing elasticity with the first mounting portion 110.As a result, in the second installation In the case where the fixed detection device 200 in the positive side of the separate cutterhead body 100 in portion 120, by the square of ultrasonic probe 220 Formation formula arrangement at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221 acquisition data can generally only by with come from cutterhead connector The relevant interference of 160 driving force.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first mounting portion 110 may include cylindrical central channel 111 and from central channel 111 to central channel 111 the anti-spin slot 112 of two radially extended first.Mounting base 310 may include two the first anti-rotation boss 311 and two connecting plates 313.First anti-rotation boss 311 can be stuck in the first anti-spin slot 112.Connecting plate 313 can pass through spiral shell Bolt is connected in cutterhead body 100 with fixed center knife 300.When shield cutter carries out shield operation, the front soil body is applied to The external force of center cutter 300 can be directly applied to cutterhead body by the be stuck in the first anti-spin slot 112 first anti-rotation boss 311 100.First mounting portion 110 may include the anti-spin slot 113 of two radially extended third from central channel 111 to central channel 111. The line of the geometric center of the anti-spin slot 113 of two thirds can be perpendicular to the line of the geometric center of two the first anti-spin slots 112. Mounting base 310 may include two the second anti-rotation boss 312.Second anti-rotation boss 312 can be located in the anti-rotation of third with being embedded in In slot 113.But it can there are gaps between the side wall and the anti-spin slot 113 of third of the second anti-rotation boss 312.When center cutter 300 Second anti-rotation boss when the external force being subject to makes the mounting base 310 of center cutter 300 have rotated 2 ° or more relative to cutterhead body 100 312 side wall is just resisted against on the anti-spin slot 113 of third to prevent further rotating for mounting base 310.As a result, so that second is anti- Rotation boss 312 and the anti-spin slot 113 of third almost do not stress usually, but have rotated in mounting base 310 relative to cutterhead body 100 Larger angle, auxiliary protection function from continuing to rotate when may result in bolt or mounting base damage.Due to not installing detection What the center of the cutterhead body 100 of device 200 can directly be set as through-hole carrys out installation center knife 300 will pass through girff, but this Due to detection device 200 is arranged at center, and in order to carry out good protection to detection device 200, middle part is set as invention Non through hole, and in this case, it has to improve the mounting means of center cutter 300, meanwhile, also to avoid applying to bolt compared with Big shearing force causes bolt to deform or damage and center cutter 300 is caused to be difficult to the problem of dismantling.The present invention uses this mode At least can be realized following advantageous effects: the external force that the front soil body is applied to center cutter 300 can be by being stuck in anti-spin slot Anti- rotation boss be directly applied to cutterhead body 100, be applied directly on bolt to greatly avoid external force, reduce connecting plate The shear stress that bolt on 313 is subject to reduces and occurs causing center cutter 300 to be difficult to dismantle after deforming or damage because of bolt Problem occurs.
According to a preferred embodiment, can be referred to by not being connected between the first mounting portion 110 and the second mounting portion 120 Each other by cutterhead sheet on direction between one mounting portion 110 and the second mounting portion 120 in the front from cutterhead body 100 to the back side The some materials of body 100 are completely isolated.As a result, not circulating mutually between the first mounting portion 110 and the second mounting portion 120 And the stress of the positive at least part of dynamic change under working condition from cutterhead body 100 is also obstructed.Preferably, every The some materials of cutterhead body 100 from the first mounting portion 110 and the second mounting portion 120 from cutterhead body 100 front to Thickness on the direction at the back side can be 20~30mm.First mounting portion 110 may include cylindrical central channel 111, therefrom Extend radially outwardly two first anti-spin slot 112 and/or two second anti-spin slots 114 of the heart slot 111 along central channel 111.Knife It can be equipped on disk ontology 100 along the spaced apart several hobboing cutter installation positions for being used to install hobboing cutter of extending direction of spoke 130 170.Hobboing cutter installation position 170 can be the through-hole that the back side of cutterhead body 100 is extended through from the front of cutterhead body 100.Second One end of the relatively close central channel 111 of anti-spin slot 114 can be connected with the first anti-spin slot 112.The phase of second anti-spin slot 114 It can be connected with a hobboing cutter installation position 170 nearest from central channel 111 on spoke 130 to the other end far from central channel 111 It is logical.Connecting plate 313 can be bolted in cutterhead body 100 with fixed center knife 300.The spiral shell of fixed center knife 300 Bolt can by perpendicular to or be snugly mounted on spoke 130 in a manner of being approximately perpendicular to the rotation axis of cutterhead body 100 In a hobboing cutter installation position 170 nearest from central channel 111.Four holes in Fig. 6 on connecting plate 313 are for across mounting base The hole of 310 bolt.Mounting base 310 may include two the first anti-rotation boss 311 and two connecting plates 313.In center cutter 300 When being installed in place at the first mounting portion 110, the first anti-rotation boss 311 embedded can be stuck in the first anti-spin slot 112 to allow The side wall and the first anti-spin slot 112 of first anti-rotation boss 311 abut against each other to form the first force transferring structure K1.Exist in center cutter 300 When being installed in place at first mounting portion 110, connecting plate 313 embeddedly blocks in the second anti-spin slot 114 to allow connecting plate 313 Side wall and the second anti-spin slot 114 abut against each other to form the second force transferring structure K2.When shield cutter carries out shield operation, front soil Body be applied to the external force of the dynamic change of center cutter 300 at least can by cutterhead body 100 be radially respectively formed from The centre distance of cutterhead body 100 first force transferring structure K1 different from each other and the second force transferring structure K2 is from cutterhead body 100 Different location directly disperses in the structure for being applied to cutterhead body 100.In the direction of the rotation axis perpendicular to cutterhead body 100 Perspective plane on, the outer profile projection line of the first mounting portion 110 can be completely by the outer profile projection line packet of the second mounting portion 120 In being trapped among.The projected area of the central channel 111 of first mounting portion 110 can be the 9~25 of the projected area of the second mounting portion 120 Times, so that center cutter 300 is applied to some materials of the cutterhead body 100 of the first mounting portion 110 of isolation and the second mounting portion 120 The second mounting portion 120 can integrally move back at the rear of the first mounting portion 110 to reduce and be arranged in the second mounting portion 120 when external force Detection device 200 damage a possibility that.Hobboing cutter installation position 170 can be rectangular opening shown in Fig. 2, and hobboing cutter can have one A hob holder being adapted to rectangular opening, hob holder installation by adhering in hobboing cutter installation position 170 after be bolted rolling Knife tool apron is to complete the installation of hobboing cutter.Hobboing cutter and hob holder be not it is shown in fig. 2, the mounting means of hobboing cutter and hob holder It is state of the art, the present invention does not improve, therefore without being further discussed below.The present invention at least can be real using this mode Existing following advantageous effects: the external force that the front soil body is applied to center cutter 300 can be passed by the first force transferring structure K1 and second Power structure K2 directly disperses to be applied to cutterhead body 100 from the position different from each other of the centre distance from cutterhead body 100, allows power Dispersion is applied to cutterhead body 100, and the possibility of larger stress occurs in the local area that setting avoids cutterhead body 100, improves The service life of cutterhead body 100, but also greatly avoid external force and be applied directly on bolt, it reduces on connecting plate 313 The shear stress that bolt is subject to reduces and occurs causing center cutter 300 to be difficult to the problem of dismantling after deforming or damage because of bolt going out It is existing；Second, the second anti-spin slot 114 for installing connecting plate 313 is to be communicates directly on spoke 130 most from central channel 111 A close hobboing cutter installation position 170, allow to so that bolt be snugly mounted on it is nearest from central channel 111 on spoke 130 In one hobboing cutter installation position 170, bolt is allowed further reliably to be protected；Third, the outer profile projection of the first mounting portion 110 The outer profile projection line of second mounting portion 120 can be enclosed in by line completely, so that center cutter 300 is applied to the first installation of isolation Second mounting portion 120 can be in the first mounting portion when some materials external force of the cutterhead body 100 of portion 110 and the second mounting portion 120 110 rear is integrally moved back to reduce a possibility that detection device 200 being arranged in the second mounting portion 120 is damaged, due to knife The whole steel construction for being casting or welding of disk ontology 100, has biggish structural strength, most external force is again by The mounting base 310 of heart knife 300 has been distributed on the structure position around the second mounting portion 120, in the second mounting portion 120 first The rear of mounting portion 110 move integrally during deformation be also it is lesser so that the external force that is subject to of detection device 200 compared with It is small, the available good protection of detection device 200.
According to a preferred embodiment, referring to Figure 10, detection device 200 may include control module 210, ultrasonic wave spy First 220 and first at least one of the wireless communication module 230.Referring to Figure 11, ultrasonic probe 220 may include into rectangular Several PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221 of formula arrangement.Control module 210 can be configured as control ultrasonic probe 220 by wherein appointing PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 of anticipating sends ultrasonic wave.The available ultrasonic probe 220 of control module 210 does not surpass as transmission The ultrasonic echo of the received front soil body reflection of at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 generates in the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 of sound wave Ultrasonic echo signal.Module transfer gives peace by wireless communication after the available ultrasonic echo signal of control module 210 The second radio communication mold on position that control room when mounted in shield cutter rotation relative to shield machine is in non-rotating state Block 500.Preferably, ultrasonic probe 220 includes at least four PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221.Preferably due to which shield machine is in driving It in the process, is driven by the driving mechanism at shield cutter rear, during the shield cutter rotation of shield machine, shield machine Control room is non-rotary.Therefore, collected data cannot be transferred to shield knife by wired connection mode on shield cutter The communication component at disk rear.Preferably, each shield cutter may include a detection device.Alternatively, each shield cutter can To include at least two detection devices.As a result, to detection device redundancy backup.At least two detection devices communicate with one another so that In synchronization, one and only one detection device is able to carry out geology forward probe.Preferably, it is visited in advance in progress geology When survey, shield cutter can be it is static, to improve the accuracy of data.That is, sending ultrasonic wave and receiving ultrasonic echo When signal, shield cutter can be static.Preferably, detection device 200 may include direction sensor 240.Direction sensing Device 240 can be communicatively coupled to control module 210.Before carrying out geology forward probe generation image after shield cutter is static, control Molding block 210 obtains the directional data for indicating the rotational angle of cutterhead body 100 from direction sensor 240.Control module 210 The adjustment angle that image is judged according to directional data forms the angle of image so that at cutterhead body 100 according to rotation is adjusted the angle True bearing of the orientation of the image formed under any rotational angle with 100 objects in front of cutterhead body matches.Direction Sensor 240 may include gyroscope and/or geomagnetic sensor.Preferably, although detection device 200 is mounted on cutterhead body In 100, if signal, which is shielded perhaps to weaken, to be caused to be difficult to or cannot achieve advanced spy using radar detection mode It surveys, therefore, the present invention is detected using ultrasonic wave, although its structure itself can reflect a part of ultrasonic wave, for example, The some materials and center cutter 300 that the cutterhead body 100 of the first mounting portion 110 and the second mounting portion 120 is isolated can reflect one Divide ultrasonic wave, still, in imaging process, this part can be calculated together as the construction soil body in front, be imaged Shi Shengcheng image can generate together, can inform that this part of operator is the imaging of structure itself on operation manual, so as to Operator's processing.Alternatively, making that the first mounting portion 110 and the second mounting portion is isolated using image procossing mode in imaging process The some materials and center cutter 300 of 120 cutterhead body 100 are not shown on final image.Preferably, the first wireless communication Module 230 and/or the second wireless communication module 500 for example can be WiFi module and/or ZigBee module.Preferably, second Wireless communication module 500 can be transferred to calculating equipment by calculating equipment to ultrasonic echo letter after obtaining ultrasonic echo signal It number is handled to obtain front geological condition.
According to a preferred embodiment, the control module 210 of detection device 200 can also to ultrasonic echo signal into The second wireless communication module 500 is then forwarded to after row processing.Control module 210, which can be based at least partially on, presses at least three The processing of the received ultrasonic echo signal of electric transducer 221 is to generate three-dimensional imaging data.Preferably, control module 210 can be with It is based at least partially on to the received ultrasonic echo signal processing of at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 and generates three-dimensional imaging number According to can be by carrying out aperture synthetic to the received ultrasonic echo signal of at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221 to generate three-dimensional Imaging data.Three-dimensional imaging data can serve to indicate that the geological condition in the region of different depth in front of shield cutter.Preferably, Three-dimensional imaging data can be sent to the second wireless communication module by the first wireless communication module 230 by control module 210 500.Preferably, at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221 in the same detection device 200 are mounted on same pcb board and have There is known relative positional relationship, control module 22 passes through the known relative positional relationship of at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221 Conversion offset the interference of the vibration of pcb board to the ultrasonic echo signal of measurement.
According to a preferred embodiment, ultrasonic listening module may include at least 16 in matrix form arrangement PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221.Control module 210 can allow in multiple PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221 any one generate ultrasonic wave.Control mould Obtain to 210 property of can choose of block ultrasonic probe 220 not as send ultrasonic wave PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 in nine piezoelectricity The ultrasonic echo signal that the ultrasonic echo of the received front soil body of energy converter 221 reflection generates.Control module 210 can be with Machine will at least nine PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221 to divide be at least three groups.Every group may include three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221.Control module 210 ultrasonic echo signals that can be acquired based on every group of three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 221 generate to be verified three respectively Imaging data is tieed up to generate at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas.Control module 210 can be based at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas Compare to identify the corresponding 3-D image of at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas common characteristic portion existing for same area Point.Control module 210 can be marked frequency of occurrence of the common characteristic part at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas.By This, to reflect the confidence level of corresponding common characteristic part.Preferably, common characteristic can refer in three 3-D images at least Two co-owned features of 3-D image, such as the features such as rock or cavity.The present invention at least can using this mode Realize following advantageous effects: control module 210 selectively obtains at least nine received ultrasonic waves of PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 Echo-signal forms at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas, and thus identifies the corresponding three-dimensional figure of at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas Picture common characteristic part existing for same area, and the appearance to common characteristic part at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas The confidence level can reflect corresponding common characteristic part is marked in number, shows that calculating equipment can be when being imaged in the later period The common characteristic part with different frequency of occurrence is distinguished on the 3-D image that display is shown, by different colours with reflection Confidence level existing for this Partial Feature, such as, it is assumed that there is common characteristic part in the position of two of them different depth, may For rock, one of common characteristic part occurs twice altogether, another common characteristic part occurs altogether three times, then three When dimension imaging, non-shared feature is grey, and it is general that the common characteristic part for occurring twice mark on 3-D image The common characteristic part for occurring three times marks on 3-D image is, to show setting for individual features to corresponding personnel Reliability.
According to a preferred embodiment, cutterhead body 100 may include two spokes 130 being arranged each other in angle. The two sides of every spoke 130 can be arranged at intervals at least two tool aprons 140 along the radiation direction of spoke 130.Tool apron 140 can be with For installing cutter 400.It can each not phase with a distance from rotation center of the tool apron 140 from cutterhead body 100 on two spokes 130 With so that the cutter 400 being mounted on two spokes 130 cooperates the cutting front soil body jointly.Cutter on different spokes 130 400 cut coverage complimentary to one another can cut dead angle to reduce.Preferably, two lateral extent cutterhead sheets on same spoke 130 The identical distance of the rotation center of body 100 is above respectively provided with a tool apron 140.The present invention at least can be realized following using this mode Advantageous effects: the cut coverage of the cutter 400 on different spokes 130 is complimentary to one another, to reduce cutting dead angle.
According to a preferred embodiment, referring to Fig. 3,7 and 8, tool apron 140 can be set to the front of cutterhead body 100 and The tunneling direction of tool apron 140 towards shield cutter stretches out.It can be equipped on tool apron 140 to cutter groove 141.Cutter 400 may include with It is matched to cutter groove 141 to knife along 410.It may include facade 1411 and inclined load-carrying surface 1412 to cutter groove 141.Facade 1411 At an acute angle each other it can be arranged with load-carrying surface 1412 to allow when cutter 400 is installed and be stung each other along 410 with to cutter groove 141 to knife It closes.As a result, cutter 400 can by one in facade 1411 and load-carrying surface 1412 by cutter 400 be subject to along shield cutter Circumferential external force be at least partly transmitted in cutterhead body 100.The width of tool apron 140 can be equal to the width of cutter 400. For example, by taking Fig. 7 as an example, it is assumed that the instantaneous velocity of cutter 400 is the right side towards diagram at this time, then two cutters 400 can be by this time The external force to the left applied to the soil body of cutting, the cutter 400 in the right can be passed external force to the left by facade 1411 Cutterhead body 100 is passed, and by being engaged each other along 410 with to cutter groove 141 to knife, the cutter 400 in the left side can be by holding External force to the left is passed to cutterhead body 100 by power face 1412.Preferably, referring to Fig. 8, cutter 400 can pass through at least one Bolt is mounted in cutterhead body 100.The present invention at least can be realized following advantageous effects using this mode: first, knife The tunneling direction of seat 140 towards shield cutter stretches out, so that tool apron 140 is in the state of protrusion, the tool apron 140 of protrusion can be in order to Later maintenance；Second, external force at least partly can by one in facade 1411 and load-carrying surface 1412 by cutter 400 by The circumferential external force along shield cutter be at least partly transmitted in cutterhead body 100, reduce to be applied directly to being used for as a result, Power on the bolt of cutter 400 is installed, reduction causes cutter 400 to be difficult to the case where dismantling after there is bolt deformation or damage； Third, since shield cutter is during driving, the structure for also suffering from the rear of shield cutter applies one and forward pushes away Power, so that shield cutter rotation is pushed ahead, therefore, the power being applied on cutter 400 further includes being directed toward the external force of shield tail, to scheme For 7, i.e. the external force from a lower section to diagram that also suffer from of cutter 400, and this external force can also by facade 1411 and/ Or load-carrying surface 1412 is directly passed to cutterhead body 100, reduces the bolt being applied directly to for installing cutter 400 as a result, Power, reduction occur bolt deformation or damage after cause cutter 400 to be difficult to the case where dismantling；4th, the width etc. of tool apron 140 In cutter 400 width so as to when installing cutter first by cutter 400 to knife along being engaged in in cutter groove, then by manual The side of tool apron 140 and cutter 400 is aligned so that screw hole quick alignment on bolt hole and cutterhead body on cutter, reduces peace Difficulty and labor intensity when dress cutter.
According to a preferred embodiment, referring to Fig. 9, at least one card slot 1413 can be equipped in load-carrying surface 1412.It cuts The position of knife 400 contacted with load-carrying surface 1412 can accordingly be equipped with the fixture block 411 being fitted to each other with card slot 1413.Cutter 400 can be by the radial external force along shield cutter that cutter 400 is subject to by the fixture block 411 that is fitted to each other and card slot 1413 extremely It is partially transmitted in cutterhead body 100.The present invention at least can be realized following advantageous effects using this mode: due to Cutter 400 also will receive the external force of variation radially, if this part external force is not transferred directly in cutterhead body 100, It can be applied to the bolt for installing cutter 400, bolt is caused to deform or damage, and the present invention can be into using this mode One step reduces the power being applied directly on the bolt for installing cutter 400, thus after bolt deformation or damage occurs in reduction Cutter 400 is caused to be difficult to the case where dismantling.
According to a preferred embodiment, the second mounting portion 120 at least partially be can be set in cutterhead body 100 The mounting hole 121 at the back side.In other words, the second mounting portion 120 can be mounting hole 121 alternatively, within the second mounting portion 120 in itself Mounting hole 121 can be equipped on or.Referring to Fig. 5, shield cutter may include making sealing cover 600 using insulating materials. Sealing cover 600 can be threadingly attached to mounting hole 121 to form the second installation between sealing cover 600 and mounting hole 121 Portion 120.After sealing cover 600 is installed in place, at least part of sealing cover 600 can be resisted against on the shell of detection device 200 To reduce the shaking of detection device 200.Cutterhead body 100 may include arc ribs 150 and cutterhead connector 160.Arc Ribs 150 can be fixed between two spokes 130 to be formed and be supported to two the circumferential of spoke 130.Cutterhead connector 160 It may include terminal pad 161 and/or at least two connecting rods 162.Terminal pad 161 can be by being intervally installed at least two Connecting rod 162 is aerial to be connected to arc ribs 150.As a result, in the reserved installation in the cutterhead back side and/or maintenance detection device 200 operating space.Preferably, at least part of sealing cover 600 can be resisted against on the shell of detection device 200 with and pacify Dress hole 121 clamps detection device 200 jointly to reduce the shaking of detection device 200.The present invention at least can be real using this mode Existing following advantageous effects: detection device is installed and/or safeguarded to the aerial setting of the terminal pad 161 of cutterhead so as to corresponding personnel 200, without the terminal pad 161 of shield cutter is unloaded.
Preferably, in the present invention, the front of cutterhead body 100 can refer to cutterhead body 100 towards tunneling direction One side.Preferably, in the present invention, the back side of cutterhead body 100 can refer to the one side opposite with the front of shield cutter. In other words, the back side of cutterhead body 100 can refer to the one side of the opposite direction towards tunneling direction of cutterhead body 100.
According to a preferred embodiment, shield cutter can be static or rotation when carrying out geology forward probe Turn.
According to an optional preferred embodiment, referring to Fig. 1, shield cutter can not include relatively non-rotating fixing body 700.It is directly fixedly mounted in the second mounting portion 120 of shield cutter that is, detection device 200 can be.In this case, it visits Surveying device 200 can be with shield cutter synchronous rotary in the case where shield cutter rotates.Ultrasonic probe in detection device 200 220 are also rotating with, if to carry out forward probe in this case, resolving image will consider that revolving speed, relative position become Change etc. series of factors, causes difficulty to become larger.So in this case, in forward probe to be carried out, Ke Yixian Stop shield-tunneling construction operation, geology forward probe is then carried out in the state that shield cutter is static.
According to another optional preferred embodiment, referring to Figure 13, shield cutter may include relatively non-rotating installation Body 700.Detection device 200 can be by being arranged in the second mounting portion 120 between relatively non-rotating fixing body 700.Terminal pad 161 can be made rotating motion by the driving mechanism driving being mounted in the rack of shield machine with the rack relative to shield machine.Phase Non-rotating fixing body 700 can be realized by the dog link 800 stretched out in the rack of shield machine opposite with the rack of shield machine solid Fixed connection.For example, shield cutter can be driven by the hollow shaft driven by driving mechanism.Dog link 800 is from hollow shaft Sky partially passes through, and one end is fixedly connected in the rack of shield machine, and the other end is fixedly connected in non-rotating installation 700. Being fixedly connected at least one of can be welding, riveting, is clamped and is bolted.Being driven mechanism driving in shield cutter makes When obtaining the state that shield cutter is in rotation relative to the rack of shield machine, relatively non-rotating fixing body 700 is in dog link 800 Under the action of may be at being in irrotational state relative to the rack of shield machine.As a result, being arranged relatively non-rotating Detection device 200 in fixing body 700 can be under the operating condition that shield cutter is in rotation in the front of cutterhead body 100 and back Locational space between face carries out geology forward probe to be in irrotational state relative to the rack of shield machine.Detection device If 200 are mounted in the rack of shield machine, although being also able to carry out geology forward probe, the case where shield cutter moves Under, all moving components can repeatedly interfere ultrasonic signal on shield cutter, cause image calculation difficult.The present invention At least can be realized following advantageous effects using this mode: the present invention is filled detection by relatively non-rotating fixing body 700 It is arranged in the second mounting portion 120, makes it under the operating condition that shield cutter is in rotation in cutterhead body 100 between setting 200 Locational space between front and the back side carries out geology forward probe to be in irrotational state relative to the rack of shield machine, Detection device 200 is not only allowed to receive sufficient protection, the rear for also allowing detection device 200 not to be completely in shield cutter allows The shield cutter of movement causes excessive interference to ultrasonic echo signal, reduces image calculation difficulty, improves imaging precision.
According to a preferred embodiment, the frequency that the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 that the present invention selects emits ultrasonic wave can be 100KHz~500KHz.Particularly preferred 300~400KHz.Control module 210 obtains the received front soil body of ultrasonic probe 220 Piezoelectric energy-conversion is compared to the measurement frequency in ultrasonic echo signal after the ultrasonic echo signal that the ultrasonic echo of reflection generates The frequency difference that device 221 emits ultrasonic wave is gone divided by elimination or substantially to disappear more than the ultrasonic echo signal of preset threshold Except the noise that shield cutter cutting soil generates, final ultrasonic echo signal is obtained.Preferably, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 is sent out The frequency for the ultrasonic wave penetrated can switch at least two different specific frequency.As a result, to be returned in the ultrasonic wave of measurement The frequency for the ultrasonic wave that switching PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 emits when the frequency of useful signal and noise frequency are difficult to differentiate between in wave signal Rate, with the useful signal in the ultrasonic echo signal that measures after the frequency for the ultrasonic wave that switching PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 221 emits Frequency can be distinguished with noise frequency.The present invention at least can be realized following advantageous effects using this mode: in shield Geology forward probe is carried out when cutterhead moves, shield cutter can generate noise, therefore, be visited using the ultrasonic wave of said frequencies It surveys, can preferably distinguish noise and measuring signal, obtain good image.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment discloses a kind of shield construction method of shield machine based on geology forward probe, a kind of shield in other words Structure construction method.In the case where not causing conflict or contradictory situation, the entirety of the preferred embodiment of other embodiments and/or portion Point content can be used as the supplement of the present embodiment.
According to a preferred embodiment, this method carries out shield using the shield machine for being mounted with shield cutter of the invention Construction, and during shield-tunneling construction, the geological condition using 200 pairs of fronts of detection device on shield cutter surpasses Preceding detection.
According to a preferred embodiment, this method carries out shield using the shield machine for being mounted with shield cutter of the invention Construction, and during shield-tunneling construction, it is carried out using geological condition of the detection device on shield cutter to front advanced Detection.
It should be noted that above-mentioned specific embodiment is exemplary, those skilled in the art can disclose in the present invention Various solutions are found out under the inspiration of content, and these solutions also belong to disclosure of the invention range and fall into this hair Within bright protection scope.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that description of the invention and its attached drawing are illustrative and are not Constitute limitations on claims.Protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. the shield cutter more particularly to a kind of shield cutter of a kind of shield machine based on geology forward probe, the shield cutter It include: for installing the cutterhead body of cutter (100), center cutter (300) and for the detection device of geology forward probe (200),
The detection device (200) includes control module (210), ultrasonic probe (220) and the first wireless communication module (230), the ultrasonic probe (220) includes into several PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) of matrix form arrangement, the control module (210) it is configured as controlling the ultrasonic probe (220) and ultrasound is sent by wherein any one PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (221) Wave,
The control module (210) obtains in the not PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (221) as transmission ultrasonic wave of ultrasonic probe (220) The ultrasonic echo signal that the ultrasonic echo of the received front soil body reflection of at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) generates, institute Installation can be transferred to by the first wireless communication module (230) by stating after control module (210) obtain the ultrasonic echo signal The second wireless communication module on position that control room in shield cutter rotation relative to shield machine is in non-rotating state (500),
It is characterized in that,
The front medium position of cutterhead body (100) is equipped with the first mounting portion (110) for installing the center cutter (300),
The center cutter (300) includes the mounting base (310) being adapted to first mounting portion (110), the center cutter (300) The mounting base (310) is at least partly inlaid in first mounting portion when being installed in place at the first mounting portion (110) (110) in,
The region opposite with the mounting base (310) at the back side of cutterhead body (100) is equipped with for mentioning for detection device (200) For the second mounting portion (120) of installation space, second mounting portion (120) is towards the side of first mounting portion (110) Thin-wall regions (180) by significantly enhancing elasticity are separated from each other with first mounting portion (110), so that described second In the case where the fixed detection device (200) in the positive side far from the cutterhead body (100) of mounting portion (120), The data at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) acquisition arranged by the matrix form of the ultrasonic probe (220) can be big Only by interference relevant to the driving force of the cutterhead connector (160) is come from body.
2. the shield cutter more particularly to a kind of shield cutter of a kind of shield machine based on geology forward probe, the shield cutter It include: for installing the cutterhead body of cutter (100), center cutter (300) and for the detection device of geology forward probe (200), which is characterized in that the front medium position of cutterhead body (100) is equipped with first for installing the center cutter (300) Mounting portion (110), the center cutter (300) include the mounting base (310) being adapted to first mounting portion (110), it is described in Heart knife (300) when being installed in place at the first mounting portion (110) mounting base (310) be at least partly inlaid in described first In mounting portion (110), the region opposite with the mounting base (310) at the back side of cutterhead body (100) is equipped with for being detection Device (200) provides the second mounting portion (120) of installation space, between the first mounting portion (110) and the second mounting portion (120) not Connection.
3. the shield cutter according to one of preceding claims, which is characterized in that the first mounting portion (110) and the second installation It is not connected to and refers between the first mounting portion (110) and the second mounting portion (120) from cutterhead body (100) between portion (120) Some materials on front to the direction at the back side each other by cutterhead body (100) are completely isolated, be isolated the first mounting portion (110) and The some materials of the cutterhead body (100) of second mounting portion (120) are on the positive direction to the back side from cutterhead body (100) Thickness be 20~30mm, first mounting portion (110) include cylindrical central channel (111), from central channel (111) in The first anti-spin slot of two to extend radially outwardly (112) of heart slot (111) and the second anti-spin slot (114), the cutterhead body (100) the spaced apart several hobboing cutter installation positions (170) for being used to install hobboing cutter of extending direction along spoke (130) are equipped with, The hobboing cutter installation position (170) is the through-hole that the back side of cutterhead body (100) is extended through from the front of cutterhead body (100), the One end of the relatively close central channel (111) of two anti-spin slots (114) is connected with the first anti-spin slot (112), the second anti-spin slot (114) the other end for being relatively distant from central channel (111) is pacified with a hobboing cutter nearest from central channel (111) on spoke (130) Dress position (170) is connected, and the connecting plate (313) is bolted on the cutterhead body (100) with fixed center knife (300), the bolt of fixed center knife (300) can with perpendicular to or be approximately perpendicular to the rotation axis of cutterhead body (100) Mode is snugly mounted in a hobboing cutter installation position (170) nearest from central channel (111) on spoke (130), the installation Seat (310) includes two the first anti-rotation boss (311) and two connecting plates (313)；
Wherein, when center cutter (300) is installed in place at the first mounting portion (110), the first anti-rotation boss (311) is embedding Enter when formula is stuck in the described first anti-spin slot (112) with allow described first it is anti-rotation boss (311) side wall and the first anti-spin slot (112) it abuts against each other to be formed the first force transferring structure (K1), and the connecting plate (313) embeddedly blocks the described second anti-spin slot (114) in allow connecting plate (313) side wall and the second anti-spin slot (114) abut against each other to form the second force transferring structure (K2), In When shield cutter carries out shield operation, the front soil body be applied to the external force of the dynamic change of center cutter (300) at least can by The centre distance from cutterhead body (100) of cutterhead body (100) being radially respectively formed the first power transmission knot different from each other Structure (K1) and the second force transferring structure (K2) directly disperse to be applied to cutterhead body (100) from the different location of cutterhead body (100) Structure on；
Wherein, on the perspective plane in the direction of the rotation axis perpendicular to cutterhead body (100), outside the first mounting portion (110) The outer profile projection line of second mounting portion (120) is enclosed in interior, the central channel of the first mounting portion (110) by outline projection line completely (111) projected area is 9~25 times of the projected area of the second mounting portion (120), so that center cutter (300) is applied to isolation Second mounting portion when some materials external force of the cutterhead body (100) of the first mounting portion (110) and the second mounting portion (120) (120) it can integrally move back at the rear of the first mounting portion (110) to reduce the detection device being arranged in the second mounting portion (120) (200) a possibility that damaging.
4. the shield cutter according to one of preceding claims, which is characterized in that the detection device (200) includes control Module (210), ultrasonic probe (220) and the first wireless communication module (230), the ultrasonic probe (220) include into square Several PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) of formation formula arrangement, the control module (210) are configured as controlling the ultrasonic probe (220) ultrasonic wave is sent by wherein any one PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (221), then control module (210) obtains ultrasonic wave and visits Head (220) not as transmission ultrasonic wave PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (221) at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) received front The ultrasonic echo signal that the ultrasonic echo of soil body reflection generates, the control module (210) obtain the ultrasonic echo Control room when being mounted on shield cutter rotation relative to shield machine is transferred to after signal by the first wireless communication module (230) The second wireless communication module (500) on position in non-rotating state；
It is preferred that control module (210) can be based at least partially on at least three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) received ultrasonic wave Echo signal processing generates three-dimensional imaging data, and control module (210) can be based at least partially on at least three piezoelectricity The processing of energy converter (221) received ultrasonic echo signal is come to generate three-dimensional imaging data be by least three piezoelectric energy-conversions The received ultrasonic echo signal of device (221) carries out aperture synthetic to generate three-dimensional imaging data, and the three-dimensional imaging data is used The geological condition in the region of different depth in front of instruction shield cutter.
5. the shield cutter according to one of preceding claims, which is characterized in that the ultrasonic listening module includes being in At least 16 PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) of matrix form arrangement, the control module (210) can allow multiple PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) any one in generates ultrasonic wave, and control module (210) can selectively obtain ultrasonic probe (220) not Ultrasound as the received front soil body reflection of nine PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) in the PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (221) for sending ultrasonic wave The ultrasonic echo signal that wave echo generates,
Wherein, at least nine PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) are divided at least three groups at random by control module (210), and every group includes three PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (221), ultrasonic echo letter of the control module (210) based on every group of three PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (221) acquisition Generate a three-dimensional imaging data to be verified number respectively to generate at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas, control module (210) base In comparing to identify the corresponding 3-D image of at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas in phase at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas With common characteristic part existing for region, and to frequency of occurrence of the common characteristic part at least three groups of three-dimensional imaging datas into Line flag is can reflect the confidence level of corresponding common characteristic part.
6. the shield cutter according to one of preceding claims, which is characterized in that the cutterhead body (100) includes each other At two spokes (130) that angle is arranged, the radiation direction of two lateral edge spokes (130) of every spoke (130) is arranged at intervals with At least two tool aprons (140), the tool apron (140) is for installing cutter (400), and the tool apron on two spokes (130) (140) different with a distance from the rotation center from cutterhead body (100) so that being mounted on the cutter on two spokes (130) (400) the front soil body is cut in common cooperation, and the cut coverage of the cutter (400) on different spokes (130) is complimentary to one another to reduce Cut dead angle.
7. the shield cutter according to one of preceding claims, which is characterized in that the tool apron (140) is set to cutterhead body (100) tunneling direction in front and tool apron (140) towards shield cutter stretches out, and the tool apron (140) is equipped with to cutter groove (141), the cutter (400) include with it is described it is matched to cutter groove (141) to knife along (410), it is described to include to cutter groove (141) Facade (1411) and inclined load-carrying surface (1412), the facade (1411) and the load-carrying surface (1412) setting at an acute angle each other With allowed when the cutter (400) are installed it is described knife is engaged cutter groove (141) with described each other along (410), thus by standing The circumferential external force along shield cutter for being subject to cutter (400) in face (1411) and load-carrying surface (1412) is at least partly Ground is transmitted on cutterhead body (100).
8. the shield cutter according to one of preceding claims, which is characterized in that the load-carrying surface (1412) is equipped with extremely A few card slot (1413), the position of the cutter (400) contacted with the load-carrying surface (1412) be accordingly equipped with it is described The fixture block (411) that card slot (1413) is fitted to each other, the cutter (400) pass through the fixture block (411) and card slot being fitted to each other (1413) cutterhead body is at least partly transmitted to along the radial external force of shield cutter by what the cutter (400) was subject to (100) on.
9. the shield cutter according to one of preceding claims, which is characterized in that the shield cutter is super in progress geology It is static or rotation when preceding detection, the shield cutter includes relatively non-rotating fixing body (700), the detection dress Setting (200) is the connection by being arranged in second mounting portion (120) between the relatively non-rotating fixing body (700) Disk (161) can be driven by the driving mechanism being mounted in the rack of shield machine and be made rotating motion with the rack relative to shield machine, The relatively non-rotating fixing body (700) is realized the rack with shield machine by the dog link (800) stretched out in the rack of shield machine Relatively fixed connection is driven mechanism in shield cutter and drives so that shield cutter is in rotation relative to the rack of shield machine When state, the relatively non-rotating fixing body (700) is under the action of dog link (800) in the rack relative to shield machine In irrotational state, so that the detection device (200) being arranged in the relatively non-rotating fixing body (700) can be in shield Structure cutterhead is in the locational space under the operating condition of rotation between the front and the back side of cutterhead body (100) relative to shield machine Rack be in irrotational state carry out geology forward probe.
10. a kind of shield construction method of the shield machine based on geology forward probe, which is characterized in that this method uses such as right It is required that shield cutter described in one of 1 to 9 carries out shield-tunneling construction, and during shield-tunneling construction, using on shield cutter Detection device forward probe is carried out to the geological condition in front.
CN201910811247.4A 2019-08-29 2019-08-29 Shield cutter head of shield machine based on geological advanced detection Active CN110410085B (en)

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CN110410085B (en) 2021-02-19
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CN112855178B (en) 2022-09-06
CN112855178A (en) 2021-05-28

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