CN110405413A - Multilayer slab vacuum seal method - Google Patents
Multilayer slab vacuum seal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110405413A CN110405413A CN201910571158.7A CN201910571158A CN110405413A CN 110405413 A CN110405413 A CN 110405413A CN 201910571158 A CN201910571158 A CN 201910571158A CN 110405413 A CN110405413 A CN 110405413A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
The invention belongs to sealing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of multilayer slab vacuum seal method.A kind of multilayer slab vacuum seal method, comprising the following steps: 1) slab stress-removal is heat-treated；2) slab after being heat-treated is sawed into small powder；3) milling is carried out to the blank after sawing, removes blank surface defect, and keep billet size up to standard；4) blank after milling is surface-treated, blank surface is made to reach scheduled roughness and cleannes；5) stacks of blanks for finishing surface treatment；6) blank after stacking is integrally packed into vacuum chamber, carries out vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: method of the invention is effectively reduced the welding stress of multilayer slab vacuum seal；Interface gas enclosure problem after solving multilayer slab stacking；Guarantee that steel slab surface cleannes meet inside Heavy Forgings quality requirement；When vacuum seal, gas pressure in vacuum≤8.0 × 10‑2Pa keeps soldering and sealing blank internal residual air less.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sealing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of multilayer slab vacuum seal method.
Background technique
Existing slab vacuum seal method is only able to achieve the soldering and sealing of 2~3 blocks of slabs, thickness≤900mm of soldering and sealing blank, this
Kind soldering and sealing blank is simply possible to use in the rolling of super-thick steel plate, is not used to the production of large forgings.Traditional large forgings must be with big
Fashioned iron ingot is raw material, and the steel ingot production cycle of large-scale steel ingot, especially hundred ton or more are long, energy consumption is high, internal segregation and shrinkage cavity
The defects of it is serious, and need to remove the mouth of a river, riser, lumber recovery is especially low, this leads to the big swaged forging using traditional steel ingot production
Part is at high cost, unstable product quality.
CN103056466A discloses a kind of vacuum brazing method of preparatory vacuum seal, discloses in this method: true in advance
The vacuum brazing method of empty soldering and sealing is realized by following steps: one, fixed part to be brazed: part to be brazed being placed in metal and is held
In device, sealing cover is then covered, it, will in a vacuum to the contact position of canister and sealing cover by the way of local heating
In part soldering and sealing to canister to be brazed；Two, it heats: and then canister is placed in air, it is heated to brazing temperature, is protected
Temperature；Three, cooling: by step 2, treated that canister is cooled to room temperature, and takes out soldered component and obtains soldered component, completes
The vacuum brazing method of preparatory vacuum seal.Above-mentioned Patent Application Publication is the technical problem to be solved is that, will solve existing
When vacuum brazing method workpiece temperature uniformity is poor, production efficiency is low and welds volatile material the problem of complex process.
Currently, there are three the difficult point of multilayer slab vacuum seal is main: first is that welding stress controls, multilayer slab is stacked in
Continuous vacuum soldering and sealing is carried out together, it is necessary to welding stress is controlled in lower level, prevents unwelded gap spacing exceeded,
Prevent the weld cracking welded.Second is that slab interface gas enclosure, after multilayer slab stacking, top slab can apply to lower part slab
Very big pressure, the air being mixed in upper and lower slab interface are difficult effectively to be extracted out；Third is that steel slab surface cleanliness control, only
By steel slab surface cleanliness control and reach certain level, can just produce the excellent large forgings of internal soundness.
Inventor finds no relevant document while solving that above-mentioned three kinds are insoluble to ask by retrieval
Topic, therefore, three above-mentioned problems be this field it is urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the high-quality, efficiently true of 2~20 laminate bases can be achieved the present invention provides a kind of
The multilayer slab vacuum seal method of empty soldering and sealing.
In order to solve three above-mentioned problems, the present invention saw small by the heat treatment of integrated application stress-removal, residual stress
The blanking of butt formula, the milling strict control slab upper and lower surface depth of parallelism, be surface-treated strict control blank surface roughness and
Many technological measures such as cleannes, the vacuum electron beam welding parameter of optimization, when efficiently solving multilayer slab vacuum seal
The problem that stress is exceeded, interface gas enclosure and cleannes be not up to standard, manufactured soldering and sealing blank have been used for various material and size
The production of large forgings, product have many advantages, such as that at low cost, ingredient is uniform, microdefect is few.
Specifically, multilayer slab vacuum seal method provided by the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1) slab stress-removal is heat-treated；
2) slab after being heat-treated is sawed into small powder；
3) milling is carried out to the blank after sawing, removes blank surface defect, and keep billet size up to standard；
4) blank after milling is surface-treated, blank surface is made to reach scheduled roughness and cleannes；
5) stacks of blanks for finishing surface treatment；
6) blank after stacking is integrally packed into vacuum chamber, carries out vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing.
Preferably, step 1) slab stress-removal is heat-treated, and 500~650 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, continuous casting steel billet original size:
Long 4440mm × wide 2200mm × thickness 360mm, slab original length are 2~6 times, preferably 3 times of sawing length.
Slab carries out sawing using vertical-belt sawing machine in step 2.
In step 3) after blank milling, Milling Process removal amount >=3.0mm of every piece of blank upper and lower surface.
In step 3) after blank milling, parallel misalignment≤0.20mm of every piece of blank upper and lower surface.
In step 4) after blank surface processing, the roughness of every piece of blank upper and lower surface is in Ra3.2~Ra6.3.
In step 4) after blank surface processing, cleannes RFU≤20.0 of every piece of blank upper and lower surface.
Slab starts stacking and whole time interval≤12 hour for being packed into vacuum chamber in step 5).
In step 6) when vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing, gas pressure in vacuum≤8.0 × 10-2Pa, weldingvoltage >=90KV, welding
Electric current≤200mA, speed of welding 100-300mm/min.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) method of the invention effectively reduces the welding stress of multilayer slab vacuum seal:
It is well known that welded material stiffness is bigger, the welding number of plies is more, and welding stress is bigger.Institute's wlding material of the present invention is thickness
The slab of 150~400mm, it is clear that the rigidity of institute's wlding material is very big, and to realize 2~20 layers of slab soldering and sealing, so many weldering
The number of plies is connect, in the backward welding, the welding stress of accumulation is bigger.It is exceeded that welding stress will lead to unwelded gap spacing, and nothing
Method meets the technique requirement of conventional vacuum electron beam welding, more serious to will lead to the weld cracking welded, eventually leads to whole
A soldering and sealing blank is scrapped.
The present invention is the welding stress that multilayer slab vacuum seal is effectively reduced by following measures, is allowed to meet 2
~20 laminate base soldering and sealing requirement.These measures specifically include:
1) slab stress-removal is heat-treated, and by carrying out 700 DEG C of Low Temperature Heat Treatments below to slab, is effectively eliminated remaining in slab
Stress, prevent excessively high residual stress to be superimposed with later period welding stress, and lead to weld seam excessive deformation or cracking；
2) slab after being heat-treated carries out sawing using vertical-belt sawing machine.Sawing gives slab compared with fiery cut blanking
Edge increases that additional stress is very small, this is very beneficial for Stress Control when later period multilayer slab vacuum seal.In addition it saws
It cuts and is carried out using vertical-belt sawing machine, this is to be most suitable for 2~6 multiple lengths, and the sawing mode for the super-long plate blank that 2~12 meters of overall length can be real
The accurate-size sawing of existing super-long plate blank, effectively improves stock utilization；
3) milling strict control slab upper and lower surface parallel misalignment≤0.20mm.The slab upper and lower surface depth of parallelism is to most when milling
The welding stress control of whole soldering and sealing slab is also extremely crucial.The strict control slab upper and lower surface depth of parallelism is conducive to stacking up and down
The uniform contact of slab, disperses welding stress effectively, avoids unwelded caused by weld seam local stress undue concentration
Gap spacing is exceeded or the weld cracking that has welded.
4) welding parameter when vacuum seal should be controlled in weldingvoltage >=90KV, welding current≤200mA, speed of welding
100-300mm/min.The final purpose of welding parameter design is to guarantee that weld strength is moderate, and welding deformation and stress are smaller.It is logical
Above-mentioned measure is crossed, method of the invention effectively reduces the welding stress of multilayer slab vacuum seal, keeps welding stress level full
Sufficient vacuum seal requirement.
2. solving the interface gas enclosure problem after multilayer slab stacking:
The slab stacking number of plies is more, and the pressure that top slab applies to lower part slab is bigger, and upper and lower slab is bonded tighter
Real, this easily causes the air being mixed in upper and lower slab interface not extracted out effectively thoroughly, if the air being mingled with is excessive,
The internal soundness of final forging can undoubtedly be seriously affected.Method of the invention is by using specific grain when steel slab surface is handled
The polished silicon wafer or belt sanding of degree go out the lines of specific direction, and strict control steel slab surface roughness is in Ra3.2~Ra6.3,
The fine recesses that rule distribution is left in steel slab surface leave sufficient free air space to the air being mingled with, to solve
Interface gas enclosure problem after multilayer continuous casting steel billet stacking.
3. many measures is taken to guarantee that steel slab surface cleannes meet inside Heavy Forgings quality requirement:
The soldering and sealing blank of method production of the invention is exclusively used in the production of large forgings, and rock deformation pressure when forging process for fuel is distributed in
In whole deformation plane, the rock deformation pressure that unit area is subject to is smaller, limited to the elimination ability at soldering and sealing blank interface, if
Soldering and sealing blank interface remaining excessive greasy dirt or other organic matters that can not be carbonized, by the serious forging for hindering soldering and sealing blank interface
Pressing.The cleannes of slab upper and lower surface have been effectively ensured method of the invention by following measures, are allowed to meet 2~20 laminates
Base soldering and sealing requirement.These measures include:
1) in steel slab surface processing, the lines of specific direction is gone out using the polished silicon wafer or belt sanding of specified particle size, and stringent
Slab surface roughness is controlled in Ra3.2~Ra6.3, specific polish lines and roughness, both can be that the air being mingled with stays
The free air space of lower abundance, and can prevent excessive greasy dirt or other organic matters that can not be carbonized from remaining in blank surface, this
It is the key measure for guaranteeing every piece of blank upper and lower surface cleannes.
2) using the wiping cloth sternly selected, and match proper amount of absolute alcohol (ethanol content > 99.7%), along specific direction
Blank after polishing is wiped, effectively removes the greasy dirt or other organic matters that can not be carbonized of blank surface remaining, finally
Guarantee cleannes RFU≤20.0 of blank upper and lower surface.Method of the invention is proved by comparative test repeatedly, above and below blank
When the cleannes RFU≤20.0 on surface, inside Heavy Forgings quality requirement can be met.
3) slab starts stacking and whole time interval≤12 hour for being packed into vacuum chamber, and the too short time is unable to complete more
The stacking of layer continuous casting steel billet, and too long time, it is exceeded to will lead to the oxidation of slab upper and lower surface, is unable to satisfy inside Heavy Forgings
Quality requirement.
4) when vacuum seal, gas pressure in vacuum≤8.0 × 10-2Pa, guarantee soldering and sealing after, soldering and sealing blank internal residual air compared with
It is few.
By taking above-mentioned measure, it ensure that steel slab surface cleannes meet inside Heavy Forgings quality requirement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the 12Cr2Mo1V steel soldering and sealing blank photo of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
Next with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention will be further explained, so as to the skill of this field
Art personnel know more about the present invention, but do not limit the present invention with this.
Embodiment 1
Soldering and sealing blank material 12Cr2Mo1V, 9 layers of the soldering and sealing blank number of plies.
Multilayer slab vacuum seal method, comprising the following steps:
1) slab stress-removal is heat-treated, and 600 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, continuous casting steel billet original size: long 4440mm × wide 2200mm ×
Thick 360mm, slab original length are 3 times of sawing length；
2) slab after being heat-treated is sawed into small powder, and slab carries out sawing, charge length after sawing using vertical-belt sawing machine
For 1475mm；
3) to after sawing blank carry out milling, remove blank surface defect, after every piece of blank milling having a size of 1465mm ×
2175mm × 350mm, the Milling Process removal amount 5.0mm of every piece of blank upper and lower surface, the depth of parallelism of every piece of blank upper and lower surface
Deviation≤0.20mm；
4) blank after milling is surface-treated, blank surface is made to reach scheduled roughness and cleannes, at blank surface
After reason, the roughness of every piece of blank upper and lower surface is in Ra6.3, cleannes RFU≤20.0 of every piece of blank upper and lower surface；
5) stacks of blanks for finishing surface treatment, 9 layers of the stacking number of plies.Slab starts stacking and entirety is packed into vacuum chamber
Time interval 6 hours；
6) blank after stacking is integrally packed into vacuum chamber, carries out vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing, when vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing, vacuum chamber
Air pressure≤8.0 × 10-2Pa, weldingvoltage=100KV, welding current=120mA, speed of welding=230mm/min.
7) length × width × height=2175mm × 1465mm × 3140mm of soldering and sealing steel ingot, gross weight are obtained after above-mentioned steps
75.0 tons.The soldering and sealing steel ingot is forged, roll over ring after obtain outer diameter 4000mm, the barrel-shaped forging of internal diameter 2800mm, height 1400mm,
Final finished is obtained through subsequent heat treatment and machining.Ultrasonic examination is carried out to the forging, is only deposited inside forging as the result is shown
In a small amount of spot defect, defect maximum equivalent φ 2.5mm meets I grades of JB/T4730.3-2005 requirements.
Embodiment 2
Soldering and sealing blank material S355NL, 11 layers of the soldering and sealing blank number of plies.
Multilayer slab vacuum seal method, comprising the following steps:
1) slab stress-removal is heat-treated, and 550 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, continuous casting steel billet original size: long 6120mm × wide 2200mm ×
Thick 300mm, slab original length are 4 times of sawing length；
2) slab after being heat-treated is sawed into small powder, and slab carries out sawing, charge length after sawing using vertical-belt sawing machine
For 1505mm；
3) to after sawing blank carry out milling, remove blank surface defect, after every piece of blank milling having a size of 1495mm ×
2175mm × 293mm, the Milling Process removal amount 3.5mm of every piece of blank upper and lower surface, the depth of parallelism of every piece of blank upper and lower surface
Deviation≤0.20mm；
4) blank after milling is surface-treated, blank surface is made to reach scheduled roughness and cleannes, at blank surface
After reason, the roughness of every piece of blank upper and lower surface is in Ra3.2, cleannes RFU≤20.0 of every piece of blank upper and lower surface；
5) stacks of blanks for finishing surface treatment, 11 layers of the stacking number of plies.Slab starts stacking and whole loading vacuum chamber
Time interval 7 hours；
6) blank after stacking is integrally packed into vacuum chamber, carries out vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing, when vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing, vacuum chamber
Air pressure≤8.0 × 10-2Pa, weldingvoltage=100KV, welding current=150mA, speed of welding=200mm/min.
7) length × width × height=2175mm × 1495mm × 3230mm of soldering and sealing steel ingot, gross weight are obtained after above-mentioned steps
82.5 tons.The soldering and sealing steel ingot is forged, roll over ring after obtain outer diameter 7585mm, internal diameter 6615mm, the annular forging piece of height 860mm,
Final finished is obtained through subsequent heat treatment and machining.Ultrasonic examination is carried out to the forging, nothing is appointed inside forging as the result is shown
What defect, meets I grades of JB/T4730.3-2005 requirements.
Embodiment 3
Soldering and sealing blank material 35,8 layers of the soldering and sealing blank number of plies.
Multilayer slab vacuum seal method, comprising the following steps:
1) slab stress-removal is heat-treated, and 550 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, continuous casting steel billet original size: long 6850mm × wide 2040mm ×
Thick 300mm, slab original length are 5 times of sawing length；
2) slab after being heat-treated is sawed into small powder, and slab carries out sawing, charge length after sawing using vertical-belt sawing machine
For 1360mm；
3) to after sawing blank carry out milling, remove blank surface defect, after every piece of blank milling having a size of 1350mm ×
2020mm × 293mm, the Milling Process removal amount 6.3mm of every piece of blank upper and lower surface, the depth of parallelism of every piece of blank upper and lower surface
Deviation≤0.20mm；
4) blank after milling is surface-treated, blank surface is made to reach scheduled roughness and cleannes, at blank surface
After reason, the roughness of every piece of blank upper and lower surface is in Ra3.2, cleannes RFU≤20.0 of every piece of blank upper and lower surface；
5) stacks of blanks for finishing surface treatment, 8 layers of the stacking number of plies.Slab starts stacking and entirety is packed into vacuum chamber
Time interval 5 hours；
6) blank after stacking is integrally packed into vacuum chamber, carries out vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing, when vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing, vacuum chamber
Air pressure≤8.0 × 10-2Pa, weldingvoltage=100KV, welding current=130mA, speed of welding=250mm/min.
7) length × width × height=2020mm × 1350mm × 2322mm of soldering and sealing steel ingot, gross weight are obtained after above-mentioned steps
49.71 tons.The soldering and sealing steel ingot is forged, roll over ring after obtain outer diameter 5710mm, internal diameter 5080mm, the annular forging piece of height 1050,
Final finished is obtained through subsequent heat treatment and machining.Ultrasonic examination is carried out to the forging, is existed inside forging as the result is shown
A small amount of spot defect, defect maximum equivalent φ 1.5mm meet I grades of JB/T4730.3-2005 requirements.
Embodiment 4
Soldering and sealing blank material Q235,20 layers of the soldering and sealing blank number of plies.
Multilayer slab vacuum seal method, comprising the following steps:
1) continuous casting steel billet stress-removal is heat-treated, and 500 DEG C of heat treatment temperature.Continuous casting steel billet original size: long 9210mm × wide
1545mm × thickness 200mm, continuous casting steel billet original length are 6 times of sawing length；
2) slab after being heat-treated is sawed into small powder, and continuous casting steel billet carries out sawing, blank after sawing using vertical-belt sawing machine
Length is 1535mm；
3) to after sawing blank carry out milling, remove blank surface defect, after every piece of blank milling having a size of 1520mm ×
1530mm × 193mm, the Milling Process removal amount 3.5mm of every piece of blank upper and lower surface, the depth of parallelism of every piece of blank upper and lower surface
Deviation≤0.20mm；
4) blank after milling is surface-treated, blank surface is made to reach scheduled roughness and cleannes, at blank surface
After reason, the roughness of every piece of blank upper and lower surface is in Ra3.2, cleaning RFU≤20.0 of every piece of blank upper and lower surface；
5) stacks of blanks for finishing surface treatment, 20 layers of the stacking number of plies.Slab starts stacking and whole loading vacuum chamber
Time interval 12 hours；
6) blank after stacking is integrally packed into vacuum chamber, carries out vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing, when vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing, vacuum chamber
Air pressure≤8.0 × 10-2Pa, weldingvoltage=100KV, welding current=200mA, speed of welding=270mm/min.
7) length × width × height=1530mm × 1520mm × 3870mm of soldering and sealing steel ingot, gross weight are obtained after above-mentioned steps
70.65 tons.The soldering and sealing steel ingot is forged, roll over ring after obtain outer diameter 4540mm, internal diameter 4000mm, the barrel-shaped forging of height 2200,
Final finished is obtained through subsequent heat treatment and machining.Ultrasonic examination is carried out to the forging, it is intact inside forging as the result is shown
It falls into, meets I grades of JB/T4730.3-2005 requirements.
As can be seen that the present invention passes through ultrasonic wave by using specific process from the four above embodiments
Flaw detection shows equal zero defect inside each forging, meets I grades of JB/T4730.3-2005 requirements.The present invention has effectively eliminated plate
Remaining stress in base prevents excessively high residual stress to be superimposed so as to cause weld seam excessive deformation or open with later period welding stress
It splits；Improvement through the invention effectively reduces the welding stress of multilayer slab vacuum seal, meets welding stress level
The requirement of vacuum seal.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multilayer slab vacuum seal method, comprising the following steps:
1) slab stress-removal is heat-treated；
2) slab after being heat-treated is sawed into small powder；
3) milling is carried out to the blank after sawing, removes blank surface defect, and keep billet size up to standard；
4) blank after milling is surface-treated, blank surface is made to reach scheduled roughness and cleannes；
5) stacks of blanks for finishing surface treatment；
6) blank after stacking is integrally packed into vacuum chamber, carries out vacuum electron beam soldering and sealing.
2. multilayer slab vacuum seal method as described in claim 1, characterized in that slab original length in the step 1)
It is 2~6 times of sawing length；
Preferably, slab original length is 3 times of sawing length.
3. multilayer slab vacuum seal method as described in claim 1, characterized in that slab stress-removal heat in the step 1)
Processing, 500~650 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, continuous casting steel billet original size: long 4440mm × wide 2200mm × thickness 360mm, slab are former
Beginning length is 2~6 times of sawing length.
4. multilayer slab vacuum seal method as described in claim 1, characterized in that slab uses vertical band in the step 2
Formula sawing machine carries out sawing.
5. multilayer slab vacuum seal method as described in claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3) after blank milling,
Milling Process removal amount >=3.0mm of every piece of blank upper and lower surface.
6. multilayer slab vacuum seal method as described in claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3) after blank milling,
Parallel misalignment≤0.20mm of every piece of blank upper and lower surface.
7. multilayer slab vacuum seal method as described in claim 1, characterized in that blank surface is handled in the step 4)
Afterwards, the roughness of every piece of blank upper and lower surface is in Ra3.2~Ra6.3.
8. multilayer slab vacuum seal method as described in claim 1, characterized in that blank surface is handled in the step 4)
Afterwards, cleannes RFU≤20.0 of every piece of blank upper and lower surface.
9. multilayer slab vacuum seal method as described in claim 1, characterized in that slab starts stacking in the step 5)
With whole time interval≤12 hour for being packed into vacuum chamber.
10. multilayer slab vacuum seal method as described in claim 1, characterized in that vacuum electron beam in the step 6)
When soldering and sealing, gas pressure in vacuum≤8.0 × 10-2Pa, weldingvoltage >=90KV, welding current≤200mA, speed of welding 100-
300mm/min。
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| CN112475583A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-03-12 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Method for improving sealing welding efficiency of vacuum electron beam of multilayer plate blank |
| CN112475584A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-03-12 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Plate blank surface treatment method for vacuum seal welding |
| CN114378537A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-22 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Process for improving qualified rate of medium carbon alloy steel laminated blanks |
| CN114505652A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-17 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Method for preventing surface cracking of austenitic stainless steel forging in manufacturing process |
| CN114603314A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-06-10 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Manufacturing process of support ring forge piece of ten-thousand-ton-level aluminum extrusion machine |
| CN115121929A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Vacuum electron beam packaging method for preventing cracking of difficult-to-weld metal |
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