CN102764936B - Big-thickness slab manufacturing technique - Google Patents
Big-thickness slab manufacturing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN102764936B CN102764936B CN201210265301.8A CN201210265301A CN102764936B CN 102764936 B CN102764936 B CN 102764936B CN 201210265301 A CN201210265301 A CN 201210265301A CN 102764936 B CN102764936 B CN 102764936B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a big-thickness slab manufacturing technique belonging to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy. According to the technique, more than two continuous casting slab blanks are overlapped, and then the four sides of the blanks are combined and welded by using a combined welding technique of gas shielded welding, submerged-arc welding and electron-bombardment welding so as to form one big-thickness slab. The invention breaks through the limit of complex manufacturing process, no guarantee in inner quality or low production efficiency in the traditional big-thickness slab manufacturing technique and provides a method for producing a big-thickness slab with high quality and high efficiency by using the traditional continuous cast slab blanks, and the method is simple in operation, small in investment, high in production efficiency, flexible in organization form, capable of well satisfying the requirement of a raw material used for producing the big-thickness slab with high piece weight and high compression ratio and realizing mass industrial production, and especially suitable for the production of the big-thickness slab with the thickness of more than 600mm, and is widely applied to the manufacturing of high-quality super-thick steel plates used for various important technique equipment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ferrous Metallurgy field, relate to a kind of method of manufacturing technology of large thickness slab.
Background technology
Large thickness slab refers to that thickness is greater than the blank of 400mm, be mainly used in the manufacturing of the major technologies and equipment industries such as heavy-duty machinery, mould, skyscraper, pressure vessel, electric power high-quality super-thick steel plate, the manufacturing forms such as large-scale static ingot, electroslag remelting plate blank that adopt of domestic large thickness slab more.
Conventional die castings base production technology efficiency is low, and energy consumption is high, and blank lumber recovery is low, and simultaneously because static ingot sectional dimension is large, heart portion mass defect is difficult to eliminate, and can not meet the quality requirement of high-quality super-thick steel plate.The heavy slab that electroslag remelting process is produced, has very high internal soundness, is applicable to the production of high-quality super-thick steel plate, but this production technology efficiency is low, need, by steel billet secondary fusion, consume mass energy, causes production cost high.
A kind of method that patent CN101927336A " a kind of large extra thick plate blank and production method thereof " discloses employing and produces extra-thick plate blank to pour steel between two or three blocks of continuous casting billets; the method need to be cleared up continuous casting billet surface; and the one deck that the bonds coating that contains thermite and slag former; need steel billet to be preheating to pour steel after uniform temperature simultaneously; and adopt inert gas or covering slag to protect cast; complex process, technical requirement is high, and production difficulty is large.
Patent CN102009332A " a kind of method of producing super-thick plate by packrolling welding process ", a kind of method that adopts argon arc welding the mode vacuumizing with vavuum pump again after the welding of polylith continuous casting material to be manufactured to large thickness slab rolling special heavy plate is disclosed, but the production efficiency of this method is extremely low, and have that vacuum is not high, welding position fusion penetration is more shallow easily causes the shortcomings such as vacuum breaker, and easily cause faying face to generate a large amount of oxides in following process process and affect interiors of products quality.
Patent CN101590596A " a kind of method of rolling special thick board by means of vacuum compositing " discloses a kind of surrounding (four edges seam) to two compact material faying faces and has all adopted the method for vacuum electron beam welding to produce the method for large thickness blank rolling special heavy plate, this method is the mode of employing level welding, for preventing that composition surface place from forming partial closure space and causing producing oxide in subsequent thermal processing process, first it will weld gripper shoe on blank, then blank is lifted by gripper shoe by the support bar of mechanical mechanism, make more than distance between composite surface reaches 1mm, to keep the speed of four support bars consistent simultaneously, after blank lifts, be evacuated down to again and require vacuum, and then decline blank, carry out vacuum electron beam welding.Because vacuum welding is at present to carry out in large-scale vacuum chamber, vacuumize at every turn and can only weld one to two side seam, generally need to repeatedly vacuumize, therefore this method exists complicated operation, production efficiency is low, the problem that production cost is higher.Particularly the blank of the above thickness of 800mm is because need adopt 3 or above continuous casting material assembly welding preparation, and this method cannot realize at all.
Submerged-arc welding and gas shielded arc welding, as low cost and high efficiency welding manner, are particularly having a wide range of applications aspect the welding of steel in industrial production.For example, patent CN101239422A " small bevel angle full-automatic CO
2gas is protected weldering and the combined welding technique of submerged-arc welding " a kind of CO disclosed
2gas is protected the combined welding mode of weldering and submerged-arc welding, and this Combination Welding mode is applicable to the welding of steel construction piece.The welding of steel construction is only that requirement welds together two steel construction pieces; as long as ensure welding quality; can adopt the multiple welding methods such as independent submerged-arc welding, gas shielded arc welding, Laser Welding; this patent is only to improve a kind of method of during welding for steel structure efficiency; what mainly solve is the problem that reduces scarfing cinder operation in the time of two weldment weld spacing 8-10mm, improve welding efficiency, cannot be applied independently in large thickness slab preparation process.
Welding in large thickness slab preparation process is a completely new concept.Large thickness slab composite rolling is the brand-new technology of one that special heavy plate is manufactured field, and the welding of large thickness slab preparation is a wherein very crucial operation, require more than two plate blank material surrounding side seam seam after surface treatment, form a large thickness slab.In slab surrounding seam welding process, because fusion penetration is limited, and not seam in the middle of slab, for ensureing that large thickness slab surrounding weld seam when the rolling does not ftracture, ensure the internal soundness of rolling rear super-thick steel plate simultaneously, so the requirement of welding quality is very high, should ensure weldquality, ensure again composite surface not to be caused to secondary pollution in the time of welding, also will ensure does not have air in the middle of slab composition surface simultaneously.In view of the foregoing, in large thickness slab composite rolling technique, the preparation of large thickness blank generally all adopts the mode of vacuum electron beam welding, and can not adopt independent gas guarantor weldering, independent submerged-arc welding or its assembled welding process.In addition, the mode that adopts horizontal positioned to weld due to current large thickness slab, for avoiding gas in the local enclosure space forming to form oxide inclusions, adopt the mechanical support mode described in patent CN101590596A, therefore also cannot adopt gas to protect weldering, submerged-arc welding or its assembled welding process.
To sum up, existing gas is protected weldering, submerged-arc welding cannot be applied independently in the preparation of thickness blank greatly in large thickness slab composite rolling technique, although and vacuum electron beam welding can meet above-mentioned technical requirement and be widely used, but vacuum electron beam welding exists again complicated operation, production efficiency low, the problem that production cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome that the production costs that the four edges seam of combined continuous casting slab all adopts the welding manner of vacuum electron beam welding to exist are high, complicated operation, problem that production efficiency is low; provide under a kind of condition of vertically placing at combined continuous casting slab three of continuous casting steel billet group side seams are adopted to gas shielded arc welding and submerged-arc welding, the last item side seam adopts the welding procedure of electron-bombardment welding under vacuum environment.This method is ensureing under the prerequisite of slab composition surface quality, can realize the High-efficient Production of the above large thickness slab of thickness 600mm, be widely used in the manufacture of all kinds of major technologies and equipments high-quality super-thick steel plate, and significantly reduced production cost, improved production efficiency.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of large thickness slab method of manufacturing technology, it is characterized in that,
1) taking the continuous casting steel billet of two above (comprising two) as raw material, all continuous casting steel billets are passed through to the machine-tooled methods such as milling machine, planer, remove iron scale, the greasy dirt etc. on surface to be composite, realize surface clean, and all continuous casting steel billet surroundings are processed into same size (is that length, width equate, thickness can be different), dimensional discrepancy <5mm;
2) intend that three limits of solder side are cut by flame or the form finished edge such as plane, milling through step (1) surface-treated continuous casting steel billet, groove depth 10-40mm, bevel angle 15-35 ° by all;
3) after the continuous casting steel billet that processes groove through step (2) is stacked together, half-twist is vertically placed, and group aligns together, clamps;
4) adopt the side seam on three faces of continuous casting steel billet after gas shielded arc welding aligns, clamps organizing together to carry out bottoming welding, gage of wire 1.2-2.0mm, weldingvoltage 20-35V; welding current 120-400A; speed of welding 250-600mm/min, dry extension of electrode degree 15-25mm, protective gas CO
2or Ar+CO
2, shield gas flow rate 15-25L/min, fusion penetration 5-20mm;
5) adopt Lincoln weld to fill and cover welding the side seam on three faces after gas shielded arc welding bottoming welding, gage of wire 4.0-6.0mm, weldingvoltage 30-45V, welding current 250-1600A, speed of welding 250-600mm/min, dry extension of electrode degree 25-45mm, fusion penetration 10-30mm;
6) remaining sides of last face is sewn under high vacuum and adopts vacuum electron beam to weld, weldingvoltage 30-150KV, vacuum is higher than 1 × 10
-1pa, welding current 100-500mA, speed of welding 50-700mm/min, fusion penetration 20-50mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, first the present invention adopts gas shielded arc welding to carry out bottoming welding to three of continuous casting steel billet group side seams, composition surface is not being produced and under the prerequisite of polluting, is completing automatically and efficiently basis and weld and be that next step submerged-arc welding is ready; Then adopt again the mode of Lincoln weld to complete rapidly the filling welding of weld seam to these three side seams, finally will remain a side seam and apply electron-bombardment welding technique under vacuum environment, complete the final welding of blank; Therefore relative four limit electron-bombardment welding techniques have increased substantially welding efficiency;
2, the present invention adopts permanent order to carry out the successively technique of welding; it not the simple combination of gas shielded arc welding, submerged-arc welding and electron-bombardment welding; but the inherent quality requirement of preparing in strict accordance with large thickness slab; at the outstanding advantage that has taken into full account these welding manners, and by the result of its optimum organization.Because can not polluting slab group faying face, gas shielded arc welding can realize automation raising welding efficiency simultaneously, Lincoln weld is than the more efficient a kind of welding manner of gas shielded arc welding, and gas shielded arc welding and submerged-arc welding operation are all carried out under home, during unlike vacuum welding, need to repeatedly pass in and out vacuum chamber, thereby vacuum pumping repeatedly, therefore significantly reduced the vacuum operation time, this Combination Welding order and mode can increase substantially welding efficiency under the prerequisite that ensures welding requirements (particularly the cleanliness factor on composition surface being required), reduce production cost.
3, the present invention, because slab group is that vertical direction is placed, therefore can ensure to keep between blank the gap of 1mm left and right, and can not form local closed area.Electron-bombardment welding has guaranteed that final being welded in high vacuum completes, avoid composition surface place to exist air impact to roll the possibility of rear quality, the existing vacuum welding technique of comparing, only need disposable vacuumizing and welding operation, simultaneously because slab group is vertically to place welding, while having avoided level welding, mechanical mechanism and the descending operation of complexity, increased substantially welding efficiency.
4, further experiment of the present invention proves, large thickness slab manufacturing process of the present invention can substitute the manufacturing process under vacuum environment completely, large thickness slab and the super-thick steel plate internal soundness of producing are good, and excellent performance reaches the level of vacuum composite rolling technique completely; And compared with vacuum composite rolling technique, the present invention is simple to operate, small investment, cost is more than 80%, production efficiency is significantly enhanced about more than once, productive organization is flexible, be applicable to the large thickness slab of mass industrialized production, being especially applicable to the electron beam welding of thickness >=800mm(vacuum cannot produce in batches) slab produce, what can meet preferably all kinds of major technologies and equipment industries uses steel demand.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the large thickness slab schematic diagram of fabrication technology of the present invention; Wherein: being 1. gas shielded arc welding, is 2. submerged-arc welding, is 3. vacuum electron beam welding;
Fig. 2 is the strand faying face metallographic structure figure of embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the strand matrix metallographic structure figure of embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the strand faying face metallographic structure figure of embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the strand matrix metallographic structure figure of embodiment 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with concrete Plate Production embodiment, the manufacturing process of this kind of large thickness slab is described in detail.
Embodiment 1: produce the thick Q345B steel plate of 180mm
1) the thick Q345B continuous casting steel billet of two 300mm of having produced is processed by milling machine, removed surperficial iron scale, greasy dirt etc., realize surface cleaning, and two slabs are processed into same size.
2) by three lateral dominance flame cutting method finished edges of continuous casting steel billet plan solder side good Surface Machining, groove depth 25mm, 30 ° of bevel angles.
3) after the continuous casting steel billet processing is stacked together, half-twist is vertically placed, and group aligns together, clamps.
4) welding manner of employing gas shielded arc welding, carries out bottoming welding, gage of wire 2.0mm to the side seam that has processed groove on three faces of continuous casting steel billet; weldingvoltage 20V, welding current 200A, speed of welding 300mm/min; dry extension of electrode degree 25mm, protective gas is CO
2, shield gas flow rate 20L/min, fusion penetration 15mm.
5) by three side seams after gas shielded arc welding bottoming welding, then adopt Lincoln weld to fill and cover welding; Gage of wire 5.0mm, weldingvoltage 30V, welding current 400A, speed of welding 350mm/min, dry extension of electrode degree 30mm, fusion penetration 20mm, disposable welding completes.
6) will remain a side seam and adopt vacuum electron beam welding under condition of high vacuum degree, finally form the large thickness blank of 600mm.Weldingvoltage 100KV, vacuum 1.5 × 10
-2pa, welding current 300mA, speed of welding 150mm/min, fusion penetration 35mm;
7) the large thickness blank of 600mm that butt welding connects adopts bogie-type furnace heating, and tapping temperature is controlled at 1160～1280 DEG C.
8) in the operation of rolling, adopt two-stage rolling, 1000～1150 DEG C of first stage start rolling temperatures, 820～920 DEG C of second stage start rolling temperatures, workpiece thickness 300mm.
9) roll rear steel plate and adopt weak water cooling, cooling velocity <5 DEG C/S, 620～780 DEG C of surperficial red temperatures.
10) steel plate is carried out to normalizing heat treatment, 850～950 DEG C of heat treatment temperatures, heat insulating coefficient 1.2～2.0min/mm.
Utilize the internal quality of steel plate of this explained hereafter good, strand faying face consistent with the microscopic metallographic structure of matrix (seeing Fig. 2, Fig. 3), properties detects index excellence (in table 1), and production efficiency is improved significantly, and production cost obviously reduces (in table 2).
Table 1 embodiment 1 plate property detects data summary table
Two kinds of welding manner leading indicator contrasts of table 2
Embodiment 2: produce the thick Q345B super-thick steel plate of 400mm
1) the thick Q345B continuous casting steel billet of three 300mm of having produced is processed by milling machine, removed surperficial iron scale, greasy dirt etc., realize surface cleaning, and be processed into same size.
2) by three lateral dominance flame cutting method finished edges of continuous casting steel billet plan solder side good Surface Machining, groove depth 30mm, 30 ° of bevel angles.
3) after the blank processing is stacked together, half-twist is vertically placed, and group aligns together, clamps.
4) welding manner of employing gas shielded arc welding, carries out bottoming welding, gage of wire 2.0mm to six side seams that processed groove on three faces of blank; weldingvoltage 20V, welding current 200A, speed of welding 500mm/min; dry extension of electrode degree 25mm, protective gas is CO
2, shield gas flow rate 20L/min, fusion penetration 12mm.
5) by six side seams after gas shielded arc welding bottoming welding, then adopt Lincoln weld to fill and cover welding; Gage of wire 5.0mm, weldingvoltage 30V, welding current 500A, welding 350mm/min, dry extension of electrode degree 30mm, fusion penetration 20mm.
6) will remain two side seams and adopt vacuum electron beam welding under condition of high vacuum degree, finally form the large thickness blank of 900mm.Weldingvoltage 100KV, vacuum 1.5 × 10
-2pa, welding current 300mA, speed of welding 150mm/min, fusion penetration 32mm.
7) the large thickness blank that butt welding connects adopts bogie-type furnace to heat, and tapping temperature is controlled at 1160～1280 DEG C.
8) method that adopts high temperature low speed to depress greatly in the operation of rolling is rolled.Rolling temperature >1000 DEG C, mill speed <30rpn, single pass reduction ratio is not less than 10%.
9) roll rear steel plate and adopt weak water cooling, cooling velocity <5 DEG C/S, 620～780 DEG C of surperficial red temperatures.
10) steel plate is carried out to normalizing heat treatment, 850～950 DEG C of heat treatment temperatures, heat insulating coefficient 1.2～2.0min/mm.
Utilize the internal quality of steel plate of this explained hereafter good, strand faying face consistent with the microscopic metallographic structure of matrix (seeing Fig. 4, Fig. 5), properties detects index excellence (in table 3), and production efficiency is improved significantly, and production cost obviously reduces (in table 4).
Table 3 embodiment 2 plate properties detect data summary table
Two kinds of welding manner leading indicator contrasts of table 4
Claims (5)
1. a large thickness slab method of manufacturing technology, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) taking two blocks of above continuous casting steel billets as raw material, all continuous casting steel billet surroundings are processed into same size;
2) by all three limit finished edges intending solder side through step (1) surface-treated continuous casting steel billet, groove depth 10-40mm, bevel angle 15-35 °;
3) after the continuous casting steel billet that processes groove through step (2) is stacked together, half-twist is vertically placed, and group aligns together, clamps;
4) adopt the side seam on three faces of continuous casting steel billet after gas shielded arc welding aligns, clamps organizing together to carry out bottoming welding, gage of wire 1.2-2.0mm, weldingvoltage 20-35V; welding current 120-400A; speed of welding 250-600mm/min, dry extension of electrode degree 15-25mm, protective gas is CO
2or Ar+CO
2, shield gas flow rate 15-25L/min, fusion penetration 5-20mm;
5) adopt Lincoln weld to fill and cover welding the side seam on three faces after gas shielded arc welding bottoming welding, gage of wire 4.0-6.0mm, weldingvoltage 30-45V, welding current 250-1600A, speed of welding 250-600mm/min, dry extension of electrode degree 25-45mm, fusion penetration 10-30mm;
6) remaining sides of last face is sewn under high vacuum and adopts vacuum electron beam to weld, weldingvoltage 30-150KV, vacuum is higher than 1 × 10
-1pa, welding current 100-500mA, speed of welding 50-700mm/min, fusion penetration 20-50mm.
2. large thickness slab method of manufacturing technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the thickness >=800mm of described large thickness slab.
3. large thickness slab method of manufacturing technology as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described groove processing mode is flame cutting or plane, milling mode.
4. large thickness slab method of manufacturing technology as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described step (1) will be carried out surface treatment by the face to be composite of all continuous casting steel billets, realizes surface cleaning.
5. large thickness slab method of manufacturing technology as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described surface treatment adopts milling machine or planer processing.
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| CN102764936B true CN102764936B (en) | 2014-10-22 |
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| CN104209660A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-17 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Composite blank assembly welding groove preparation method |
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| CN106191658A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of technique of three base laminating production spy's thickness low-temperature impact steel plates |
| CN110405413B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-04-22 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Vacuum seal welding method for multilayer plate blank |
| CN112475583B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-05-31 | 伊莱特能源装备股份有限公司 | Method for improving sealing welding efficiency of vacuum electron beam of multilayer plate blank |
| CN112756408A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-07 | 山东荣升重型机械股份有限公司 | Multiple workpiece co-rolling method |
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