CN110396819A - 一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110396819A
CN110396819A CN201910749052.1A CN201910749052A CN110396819A CN 110396819 A CN110396819 A CN 110396819A CN 201910749052 A CN201910749052 A CN 201910749052A CN 110396819 A CN110396819 A CN 110396819A
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杨敏鸽
程水林
马沙沙
黄晟
李欢
游义博
雒千
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Xian Polytechnic University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料，按照质量百分比由以下组分组成：30％‑48％的山嵛酸或花生酸或十六烷酸、10％‑20％的EVA、5％‑15％的EAA、17％的石蜡、8％‑11％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、4％‑6％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂，以上组分质量百分比之和为100％。该热熔浆料具有高退浆率、高耐磨性、高强度和低毛羽指数。上述热熔浆料的制备方法为：步骤1、按照上述配方的规定的质量比例称量各原料，并混合；步骤2、将混合均匀的各原料加入容器中边加热、边搅拌一定时间，待各原料完全溶化成浓稠状浆料，停止加热，停止搅拌；步骤3、让浆料自然冷却，即可得到所需要的热熔浆料。该方法简单易操作。

Description

一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织复合材料技术领域，具体涉及一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料，本发明还涉及该用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料的制备方法。
背景技术
我国是纺织品大国，纺织浆料是纺织行业的第二大消耗材料，每年消耗量在30万吨以上。目前市面上经纱上浆用的浆料主要有天然浆料与合成浆料两大类。但其中，天然浆料对合成纤维的粘附性较差，调浆过程麻烦，上浆性能不尽如人意；合成浆料的煮浆时间长，易结皮，对涤纶等疏水纤维粘附力不够，且退浆排放之后不易降解而造成污染。因此，无论是天然浆料还是合成浆料，适用范围都有限，使用过程中工序较为繁琐，能耗较高。鉴于这种现状，人们开始开发绿色浆料、探索新型的上浆方法来简化工序，降低能耗。
近年来，热熔上浆因为其具有能耗低、效率高、落浆少等优点而受到广泛关注。同时，热熔上浆所用的热熔浆料的合成也备受关注。但目前热熔上浆在国内还没有投入生产使用的实例，热熔浆料合成方面也只是探索性研究。因此，绿色热熔浆料的合成具有非常大的研究和应用价值，可以使国内的纺织业迎来又一个发展的良机。
目前，公知的热熔浆料主要有：以聚乙二醇、聚己内酯、聚乳酸、聚乙酸乙烯酯及丙烯酸等为原料合成的热熔浆料；以低烷基丙烯酸甲酯、低烷基甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚丙烯酸及其盐共混物制备的热熔浆料；以水溶性丙烯酸聚合物、乙烯及醋酸乙烯酯共聚物和石蜡组成，使用共混方法制备的热熔浆料。但这些方法都存在加热时间长，粘度高，工序较多等缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料，解决了现有热熔浆料的低退浆率、低耐磨性、低强度及高毛羽指数的问题。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料的制备方法，该方法简单易操作。
本发明所采用的技术方案是，一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料，按照质量百分比由以下组分组成：30％-48％的山嵛酸或花生酸或十六烷酸、10％-20％的EVA、5％-15％的EAA、17％的石蜡、8％-11％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、4％-6％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂，以上组分质量百分比之和为100％。
本发明的特点还在于：
抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1076。
本发明所采用的另一个技术方案是，一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤1、按照配方的规定的质量比例称量各原料，并混合，具体按照以下步骤实施：
步骤1.1、称取质量百分比为30％-48％的山嵛酸或花生酸或十六烷酸、10％-20％的EVA、5％-15％的EAA、17％的石蜡、8％-11％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、4％-6％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂；
步骤1.2、将步骤1.1称量好的各原料混合均匀；
步骤2、将步骤1.2混合均匀的各原料加入容器中边加热、边搅拌一定时间，待各原料完全溶化成浓稠状浆料，停止加热，停止搅拌；
步骤3、让浆料自然冷却，即可得到所需要的热熔浆料。
本发明的特点还在于，
抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1076。
步骤2中的加热温度为140℃-160℃。
步骤2中的加热时间为10min-25min。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明的热熔浆料具有高退浆率、高耐磨性、高强度和低毛羽指数。
(2)本发明的热熔浆料在使用时只需把浆料熔融成一定黏度，上浆后的棉纱无需干燥，冷却即可。与传统的上浆过程比较，减少了干燥和梳理程序，可大大节省能耗。
(3)本发明的热熔浆料为固体浆料，不用水，可减少能源消耗80％。每根纱线分开上浆，上浆速度快，上浆质量优良，落浆少，而且省去了煮浆和浆液的储存。
(4)本发明的热熔浆料绿色环保，符合绿色发展的理念，将对我国棉纺织行业产生重要的社会效益和巨大的经济效益。
(5)本发明的热熔浆料的制备方法简单易操作。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1-5中热熔浆料退浆率测定结果图；
图2是本发明实施例1-5中热熔浆料上浆得到的增强率图；
图3是本发明实施例1中热熔浆料毛羽指数测试图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明提供一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料，按照质量百分比由以下组分组成：30％-48％的山嵛酸或花生酸或十六烷酸、10％-20％的EVA、5％-15％的EAA、17％的石蜡、8％-11％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、4％-6％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂，以上组分质量百分比之和为100％。
抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1076。
本发明还提供一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤1、按照配方的规定的质量比例称量各原料，并按一定顺序混合，具体按照以下步骤实施：
步骤1.1、称取质量百分比为30％-48％的山嵛酸或花生酸或十六烷酸、10％-20％的EVA、5％-15％的EAA、17％的石蜡、8％-11％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、4％-6％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂；
步骤1.1中，抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1076。
步骤1.2、将步骤1.1称量好的各原料混合均匀；
步骤2、将步骤1.2混合均匀的各原料加入容器中边加热、边搅拌一定时间，待各原料完全溶化成浓稠状浆料，停止加热，停止搅拌；
步骤2中的加热温度为140℃-160℃。
步骤2中的加热时间为10min-25min。
步骤3、让浆料自然冷却，即可得到所需要的热熔浆料。
本发明实施例1-5制备的热熔浆料的退浆率如图1所示，退浆率为94.4％～98.2％，本发明制备的热熔浆料的退浆率最高达98.2％，退浆效果良好。
经本发明实施例1-5制备的热熔浆料上浆得到的纱线的增强率如图2所示达到74.6％～83.6％，本发明的热熔浆料的浆纱增强率最高达到83.6％，增强效果显著。
图3所示为实施例1的浆纱毛羽指数测试结果，测试结果表明，经本发明制备方法的热熔浆料上浆得到的纱线毛羽指数较原纱明显降低。
表1对18.5tex原纱(经过相同方式退浆处理)与实施例1浆纱耐磨测试结果
表1数据表明，经热熔浆料上浆后的浆纱耐磨性能提高了近30倍，具有非常优良的耐磨性(实验重复30次)。
实施例1-5中所用各原料的厂家及规格：
实施例1
称取质量百分比为30％的山嵛酸、17％的EVA、15％EAA、17％的石蜡、8％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、5％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂1076，并称量好的原料混合均匀。将反应温度调节在140℃，将原料加入烧杯中加热，搅拌，观察。加热二十五分钟，原料溶化均匀。停止加热，停止搅拌，取出烧杯，待浆料自然冷却，制成所需要的浆料。
实施例2
称称取质量百分比为33％的十六烷酸、18％的EVA、8％EAA、17％的石蜡、10％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、6％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂1076，并称量好的原料混合均匀。将反应温度调节在150℃，将原料加入烧杯中加热，搅拌，观察。加热十五分钟，原料溶化均匀。停止加热，停止搅拌，取出烧杯，待浆料自然冷却，制成所需要的浆料。
实施例3
称取质量百分比为33％的花生酸、20％的EVA、7％EAA、17％的石蜡、11％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、4％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂1076，并称量好的原料混合均匀。将反应温度调节在160℃，将原料加入烧杯中加热，搅拌，观察。加热十分钟，原料溶化均匀。停止加热，停止搅拌，取出烧杯，待浆料自然冷却，制成所需要的浆料。
实施例4
称取质量百分比为40％的山嵛酸、14％的EVA、5％EAA、17％的石蜡、10％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、6％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂1076，并称量好的原料混合均匀。将反应温度调节在150℃，将原料加入烧杯中加热，搅拌，观察。加热十四分钟，原料溶化均匀。停止加热，停止搅拌，取出烧杯，待浆料自然冷却，制成所需要的浆料。
实施例5
称取质量百分比为48％的山嵛酸、10％的EVA、5％EAA、17％的石蜡、8％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、4％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂1076，并称量好的原料混合均匀。将反应温度调节在150℃，将原料加入烧杯中加热，搅拌，观察。加热十二分钟，原料溶化均匀。停止加热，停止搅拌，取出烧杯，待浆料自然冷却，制成所需要的浆料。
本发明提出一种针对棉纱上浆的高效率、低能耗、低粘度的热熔浆料。由于棉纤维属于极性纤维素，因此本发明首先选取含极性基团的反应单体，采用共聚的方法合成熔融温度适当的水溶性的高分子材料，再与其它助剂合理配伍，制备热熔型浆料。使用时只需把浆料熔融成一定黏度，上浆后的棉纱无需干燥，冷却即可。与传统的上浆过程比较，减少了干燥和梳理程序，与传统的浆料上浆相比可大大节省能耗。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料，其特征在于，按照质量百分比由以下组分组成：30％-48％的山嵛酸或花生酸或十六烷酸、10％-20％的EVA、5％-15％的EAA、17％的石蜡、8％-11％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、4％-6％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂，以上组分质量百分比之和为100％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料，其特征在于，所述抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1076。
3.一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
步骤1、按照配方的规定的质量比例称量各原料，并混合，具体按照以下步骤实施：
步骤1.1、称取质量百分比为30％-48％的山嵛酸或花生酸或十六烷酸、10％-20％的EVA、5％-15％的EAA、17％的石蜡、8％-11％的松香、7％的共聚维酮、4％-6％的硬脂酸、1％的抗氧化剂；
步骤1.2、将步骤1.1称量好的各原料混合均匀；
步骤2、将步骤1.2混合均匀的各原料加入容器中边加热、边搅拌一定时间，待各原料完全溶化成浓稠状浆料，停止加热，停止搅拌；
步骤3、让浆料自然冷却，即可得到所需要的热熔浆料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤1.1中，所述抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1076。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2中的加热温度为140℃-160℃。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于棉纤维上浆的热熔浆料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2中的加热时间为10min-25min。
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