CN110396766A - 一种面膜基布及面膜 - Google Patents
一种面膜基布及面膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了化妆品领域的一种面膜基布,包括木棉纤维层,以及在所述木棉纤维层顶面与所述木棉纤维层层叠的粘胶纤维层,所述木棉纤维层的纤网由气流成网工艺梳理而成,所述粘胶纤维层的纤网由机械梳理工艺梳理而成。其技术效果是;面膜基布,抑菌、亲水性好,对人体皮肤无损伤,良好的力学性能,不会因为纤网自重而断裂,而且制造成本低。本发明还公开了一种面膜。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化妆品领域的一种面膜基布及面膜。
背景技术
木棉纤维具有许多优点:纤维细小柔软,具有优美的色泽;木棉纤维细胞壁薄、孔隙多,中空度高达80%~90%,具有良好的亲油性;木棉纤维具有天然抗菌、驱螨、防霉、防蛀的功能;一株成年期的木棉树可产5~8kg的木棉纤维,目前木棉纤维的全球年产量约19.5万吨,木棉纤维资源十分丰富。虽然木棉纤维有巨大的应用潜力,但是由于木棉纤维的长度较短,强度较低,表面较光滑,不易纺纱,因此主要用于填充材料、浮力材料、吸油材料等方面。木棉纤维较短,长度为8~34mm,纤维中段直径为18-45μm,平均直径为30~36μm,壁厚0.5~2 μm。木棉纤维的细度为0.9~3.2dtex,细度仅为棉纤维的一半,是目前最细的天然纤维素纤维。木棉纤维很轻,密度仅为0.29g/cm3,而棉纤维为1.53g/cm3。如今人们越来越重视美容护肤,敷面膜就是其中一种广受欢迎的简单护肤方法,面膜的需求量也不断增大。市售非织造面膜基布主要以棉、粘胶、天丝、铜氨纤维、木浆纤维为主要原料,少数产品采用甲壳素纤维、真丝纤维等。面膜基布具有承载液体的功能,木棉纤维中空度达80%以上的特性可加以应用。
由于木棉纤维细小质轻,若采用100%木棉纤维制网,气流成网比较合适。用Rando气流成网机对纯木棉纤维进行梳理,可观察到以下现象:由于木棉纤维密度小,梳理过程产生大量飞絮;因木棉纤维表面较光滑,纤维间抱合差,纯木棉纤维成网不均匀且易断裂;纯木棉纤维纤网易粘连在成网基布上,不易剥落。更改气流成网实验参数,增大木棉纤网面密度,可以适当改善以上情况,但纤网太厚,又不适合作为面膜使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足,提供一种面膜基布及面膜,其使得面膜基布强度高,亲水性好,成本低。
实现上述目的的一种技术方案是:一种面膜基布,包括木棉纤维层,以及在所述木棉纤维层顶面与所述木棉纤维层层叠的粘胶纤维层,所述木棉纤维层的纤网由气流成网工艺梳理而成,所述粘胶纤维层的纤网由机械梳理工艺梳理而成。
进一步的,所述木棉纤维层和所述粘胶纤维层通过向水刺工艺复合为整体。
进一步的,所述面膜基布经过脱蜡处理。
再进一步的,所述面膜基布在NaOH和Na2SO3的混合碱液中通过碱煮练工艺进行脱蜡处理。
进一步的,所述木棉纤维层和所述粘胶纤维层内部,以及所述木棉纤维层和所述粘胶纤维层之间均发生了纤维缠结。
再进一步的,所述木棉纤维层中与所述粘胶纤维层中的粘胶纤维缠结的木棉纤维空腔破裂。
实现上述目的的一种技术方案是:一种面膜,包括上述的任意一种面膜基布。
采用了本发明的一种面膜基布的技术方案,包括木棉纤维层,以及在所述木棉纤维层顶面与所述木棉纤维层层叠的粘胶纤维层,所述木棉纤维层的纤网由气流成网工艺梳理而成,所述粘胶纤维层的纤网由机械梳理工艺梳理而成。其技术效果是;面膜基布,抑菌、亲水性好,对人体皮肤无损伤,良好的力学性能,不会因为纤网自重而断裂,而且制造成本低。
采用了本发明的一种面膜的技术方案,其面膜基布,包括木棉纤维层,以及在所述木棉纤维层顶面与所述木棉纤维层层叠的粘胶纤维层,所述木棉纤维层的纤网由气流成网工艺梳理而成,所述粘胶纤维层的纤网由机械梳理工艺梳理而成,也能实现上述技术效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种面膜基布的结构示意图。
图2为本发明的一种面膜基布的制造方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1和图2,本发明的发明人为了能更好地对本发明的技术方案进行理解,下面通过具体的实施例,并结合附图进行详细地说明:
请参阅图1,本发明的一种面膜基布,包括木棉纤维层1,以及在木棉纤维层 1上方与木棉纤维层1层叠的粘胶纤维层2。木棉纤维层1的纤网通过气流成网工艺梳理而成,粘胶纤维层2的纤网通过机械梳理工艺梳理而成。
选择粘胶纤维的原因在于:粘胶纤维是一种再生纤维素纤维,性能以及化学组成均和棉纤维相似,两者相比较,粘胶纤维的优点更多,包括含杂率更低,吸湿性更好,长度整齐,强度高,易于梳理,粘胶纤维价格比木棉纤维便宜,可降低成本,可以有效改善纯木棉纤维不易成网的问题。
本发明的一种面膜基布,粘胶纤维层2有明显的水针穿透形成的网孔结构,粘胶纤维在网孔周围相互集结缠绕。木棉纤维在水力作用下,从木棉纤维层1被带到粘胶纤维层2,并与粘胶纤维层2的粘胶纤维缠结。在扫描电镜下可以清楚得看到木棉纤维与粘胶纤维因为水刺加固工艺随机分布,相互交缠。木棉纤维层 1的木棉纤维多保持空腔,粘胶纤维层2的网孔附近的木棉纤维因为水刺压力,受到损伤较为明显,空腔破裂,纤维扁平化。
本发明的一种面膜基布,其面密度为45~55g/m2。
本发明的一种面膜基布,其厚度为0.51~0.56mm。
木棉纤维层1和粘胶纤维层2的质量之比为1比10至1比4。
本发明的一种面膜基布的制造方法包括下列步骤:
气流梳理步骤
使木棉纤维凝聚在抽吸成网设备的成网帘上,在所述成网帘上形成木棉纤维层1的纤网,即木棉纤维通过气流成网工艺,在抽吸气流成网设备的成网帘上梳理成为木棉纤维层1的纤网。本实施例中,抽吸气流成网设备包括水平设置的成网帘、尘笼抽吸空气装置,以及连通成网帘和尘笼抽吸空气装置的文丘里管道。文丘里管道靠近成网帘一端的截面积大于文丘里管道靠近尘笼抽吸空气装置一端的截面积。采用尘笼抽吸空气装置和文丘里管道的目的在于:木棉纤维层1的纤网的结构更加牢固,木棉纤维在水刺过程中更容易与粘胶纤维层2缠结。
机械梳理步骤:
通过机械梳理设备,将粘胶纤维梳理成为粘胶纤维层。粘胶纤维层2的面密度,可通过粘胶纤维的喂入量灵活更改。粘胶纤维层的面密度为43~53g/m2,厚度0.48~0.51mm。
层叠步骤
将粘胶纤维层2输送进入气流成网设备成网帘上方,使粘胶纤维层2粘附在木棉纤维层1顶面,并将粘胶纤维层2和木棉纤维层1同步转移至水刺机。
水刺步骤:
在本发明的一种面膜基布中,粘胶纤维含量明显影响其力学性能,因此本采用水刺工艺,在木棉纤维层1和粘胶纤维层2层叠后,通过水刺,在提高本发明的一种面膜基布的力学性能的同时,既利用木棉纤维优点又能减少木棉纤维含量,降低面膜基布的成本,符合人们对于物美价廉面膜基布的消费需求。
水刺工艺是通过高压水流对纤网进行连续喷射,在水力作用下,使木棉纤维层1中的木棉纤维和粘胶纤维层2中的粘胶纤维运动、位移而重新排列,并相互缠结,从而使木棉纤维层1和粘胶纤维层2复合为整体。水刺工艺使面膜基布强度高,手感柔软,无化学粘合剂,透气性好,符合使用要求。
用水刺机对粘胶纤维层2进行单向预润湿时,初喂入水刺区的木棉纤维层1 和粘胶纤维层2蓬松且抱合力极低,过大的水刺压强可能会破坏其纤网结构,随着木棉纤维层1和粘胶纤维层2之间,木棉纤维层1和粘胶纤维层2内部发生纤维之间不断缠结,结构越来越紧密,可逐渐增大水刺压强。本实施例中先向粘胶纤维层进行预润湿,预润湿的水刺水压强为1.5-2.5MPa。然后通过过桥设备,对面膜基布进行翻转,使木棉纤维层1向上,并进行了三道水刺,采用如下水刺参数:第一道水刺水压强为4.5-6.5MPa,第二道水刺水压强为6.5-8MPa,第三道水刺水压强为3.5-4.5Mpa。水刺机的水针作用距离为14mm,输网帘线速度为180m/s。
脱蜡步骤:
目前对于木棉纤维进行脱蜡处理的方法主要包括:碱煮练法、酶处理法、氧化剂处理法、等离子体处理法。
碱煮练法是根据木棉纤维的天然杂质组成,在碱浴槽中用碱液为煮练剂对面膜基布中的木棉纤维进行煮练,可发现木棉纤维与碱发生反应,蛋白质通过形成氨基酸与碱发生反应而水解;果胶质转变成水溶性的果胶盐或偏果酸钠;半纤维素及具有低聚合度的纤维素碎片被溶解;无机物质部分溶解;蜡质的可皂化部分,如酯类、甘油酯、脂肪酸被转化为皂类,在煮练温度下被溶化的蜡质中不可皂化部分,如醇类、烃类,被由皂化部分所生成的皂类乳化;低分子碳水化合物被去除,从而去除木棉纤维中的杂质,以及表面蜡质与果胶,从而提高木棉纤维的润湿性能。
本实施例中,通过碱煮练法对面膜基布中的木棉纤维进行脱蜡处理。本实施例中的碱液中含有20g/L的NaOH、4.5g/L的Na2SO3,碱煮练的温度为恒温90 ℃,碱煮练的时间为2min,碱煮练过程中对碱煮练剂施加搅拌。
脱蜡步骤结束后,面膜基布进入清水槽中清洗至pH值为7,然后依次进入真空脱水箱和烘燥机中脱水、干燥。
下面分别对粘胶纤维层,称样品1,未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布,称样品2,以及经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布,称样品3,进行力学性能、柔软性、透气性、透湿性和液体吸收量的测试。
力学性能测试:用HD026N+电子织物强力仪,依据GBT 24218.3-2010非织造布断裂强力和断裂伸长率的测定方式进行实验,剪取50mm×250mm的样品,夹持隔距设为200mm,拉伸速度为100mm/min,按等速伸长方式拉伸实验。
柔软性测试:依据GB/T18318.1.2009《纺织品弯曲性能测定第1部分:斜面法》的标准,在LLY 01型电子硬挺度仪进行实验,设定测试角度为41.5°,压板推进速度为4mm/s。剪取尺寸为25mm×250mm的样品,放在水平平台上,开始实验,样品弯曲长度是伸出长度的一半。对同个样品的正反面均进行实验,经线方向与纬线方向剪取样品。
透气性测试:根据GB/T 24218.15-2018非织造布透气性测试标准,测试一定时间内垂直通过样品规定面积的气流流量,计算透气率,测试压力为200Pa,喷嘴口径为Φ12.0mm,测试面积为20cm2。在样品上随机选取5个部位作为样品进行测试,计算结果。
透湿性测试;参照GB/T12704.1-2009织物透湿性试验方法,把盛有水并封以样品的透湿杯放置于温度设为38℃,相对湿度为90%RH的YG601H电脑型织物透湿仪中,根据一定时间内透湿杯质量的变化计算透湿率。样品的两面均需测试。
液体吸收量测试:根据GB/T 24218.6-2010规定了多种衡量非织造布吸收性的指标。采用液体吸收量的测试方法进行实验。剪取5块10cm×10cm样品,调湿后称量样品重量,将样品固定在12cm×12cm的金属网上,放入容器60s后取出,垂直悬挂样品120s后再次称量样品,根据实验结果计算液体吸收量。
表1拉伸强度与断裂伸长率对比表
面膜基布在使用过程中,需要根据面部轮廓轻微拉扯调整使面膜和脸型匹配,故要求面膜基布需要一定的拉伸强度和合适的伸长率,粘胶纤维层,纬线与经线方向的拉伸强度大于未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布和经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布。其原因在于木棉纤维表面光滑,纤维间抱合力差,不易成网,三个样品经线方向的断裂伸长率大于纬线方向,其原因在于机械梳理步骤中,经线方向分梳效果更好,粘胶纤维平行分布,而纬线方向粘胶纤维纤维杂乱分布,因此纬线方向样品的断裂伸长大。纬线方向三种样品断裂伸长率相近,经线方向上未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布和经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布更加符合使用要求。
表2柔软性对比表
人的面部是立体的,面膜要想和脸部较好的贴合,需要具有一定的柔软性。由实验可知,厚度最小的粘胶纤维层,经线与纬线方向抗弯刚度较小,最为柔软。总体来看,三种样品的柔软性相近,都具有不错的手感,符合面膜基布的要求。
表3透气率对比表
良好的透气性是面膜舒适性的一个指标。皮肤基底层细胞需要吸收氧气进行新陈代谢,透气良好的面膜基布才能使皮肤与氧气保持正常的接触。
由表可以得知,粘胶纤维层的透气性最好,经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布其次,未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布透气性最小。分析其原因,粘胶纤维的密度约为1.50~ 1.52g/cm3,而木棉纤维的密度为0.29g/cm3,因此,相同面密度下未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布的纤维数量更多,由于木棉纤维长度较短,细度小,木棉纤维穿插在粘胶纤维交织缠绕的空隙中,使得纤维间孔隙减小,透气性减小。经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布中的木棉纤维多数呈现扁平带状,透气性增强。
表4透湿性对比表
将带有面膜精华液的面膜基布敷在脸上一段时间,面膜精华液被皮肤吸收的同时也会随着时间渐渐蒸发,有较好的锁水性能的面膜基布能减少面膜精华液的蒸发,让面膜精华液在脸上停留更长的时间,发挥更大的作用。
透湿量可以反映一定时间透过样品的水蒸气质量,对未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布和经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布正反两面取样,分别进行实验,并规定木棉纤维层 1一侧为正面。通过实验发现,粘胶纤维层的透湿率最小,未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布和经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布正反两面透湿率相近。且均大于粘胶纤维层的透湿率。
原因在于:粘胶纤维质量百分比越大,纤网中的亲水纤维越多,水刺缠结效果越好,孔径就越小,材料的透湿率也越小。未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布由于木棉纤维表面蜡质与果胶存在拒水性,水刺缠结性能力差,因此透湿率大。
面膜精华液的成分一大部分是水,因此面膜基布需要有良好的亲水性,才能起到承载大量面膜精华液的作用。由于面膜基布表面不平整,表面有起伏,根据实验数据总体来看,三种样品接触角都小于40°,具有良好的亲水性。比较三种样品的接触角,粘胶纤维层的接触角最小,未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布其次,经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布接触角最大。
表5蒸馏水中的液体吸收量对比表
粘胶纤维层与未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布的液体吸收量相近,经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布的液体吸收量明显增加。经过碱煮练,去除了木棉纤维表面蜡质与果胶,木棉纤维的润湿性能改善,起到吸液作用。
表6在面膜精华液中的液体吸收量对比表
三种样品对面膜精华液的液体吸收量更大,未经脱蜡处理的面膜基布在面膜精华液中的吸收性比粘胶纤维层好,因为面膜精华液中不仅含有水,也含有油脂,而木棉纤维具有拒水亲油性,并发挥高中空度的优点。经过脱蜡处理的面膜基布仍然对于面膜精华液的吸收量最大。
本技术领域中的普通技术人员应当认识到,以上的实施例仅是用来说明本发明,而并非用作为对本发明的限定,只要在本发明的实质精神范围内,对以上所述实施例的变化、变型都将落在本发明的权利要求书范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种面膜基布,其特征在于:包括木棉纤维层,以及在所述木棉纤维层顶面与所述木棉纤维层层叠的粘胶纤维层,所述木棉纤维层的纤网由气流成网工艺梳理而成,所述粘胶纤维层的纤网由机械梳理工艺梳理而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种面膜基布,其特征在于:所述木棉纤维层和所述粘胶纤维层通过向水刺工艺复合为整体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种面膜基布,其特征在于:所述面膜基布经过脱蜡处理。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种面膜基布,其特征在于:所述面膜基布在NaOH和Na2SO3的混合碱液中通过碱煮练工艺进行脱蜡处理。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种面膜基布,其特征在于:所述木棉纤维层和所述粘胶纤维层内部,以及所述木棉纤维层和所述粘胶纤维层之间均发生了纤维缠结。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种面膜基布,其特征在于:所述木棉纤维层中与所述粘胶纤维层中的粘胶纤维缠结的木棉纤维空腔破裂。
7.一种面膜,其特征在于:其包括根据权利要求1~6中任意一项所述的面膜基布。
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