CN110383994A - A kind of promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking - Google Patents
A kind of promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking Download PDFInfo
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- CN110383994A CN110383994A CN201910695521.6A CN201910695521A CN110383994A CN 110383994 A CN110383994 A CN 110383994A CN 201910695521 A CN201910695521 A CN 201910695521A CN 110383994 A CN110383994 A CN 110383994A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, belongs to plant asexual multiplication seedling technical field.It includes the following steps: the selection of cuttage period, cuttings clip and processing, slotting machine temperature and humidity management, aerial fog cultivation device culture of rootage etc..The method of the invention is easy, the period is short, rooting rate is higher, and key is to breach the problem that kind scion is not taken root, and has important application and popularization value in the cultivation of apocarya seeling industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Vegetative Propagation of Trees seedling-raising technique field, in particular to a kind of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking
Promotion method.
Background technique
Apocarya (Caryaillinoinensis), green fruit of trade name is world-renowned nut tree species.Draw
Enter China and have more than 100 years history, the early stage of development cultivation technique falls behind it is low with the market demand etc. due to cause industrialization to be sent out
It postpones slow.In recent years, with the increasingly increase of market demand and constantly improve for cultivation technique, apocarya industry
It quickly grows.With being continuously increased for cultivated area, the problem of being faced with a very severe, be exactly breeding strong sprout quantity it is remote
It is not able to satisfy the demand of nursery stock markets.The main reason for causing this problem is that the vegetative propagation technique of apocarya falls behind,
Although current graft technology has breakthrough, survival rate can reach 80% or more, due at high cost, the process stream of graft seedling growth
The disadvantages of Cheng Duo, long period, lead to nursery stock low output, breeding strong sprout is then even more so.Therefore, there is an urgent need to a kind of thin shell mountain pecans
The Technique on Cuttage Propagation of peach, the large batch of cuttage seeding of quick obtaining, so that apocarya seedling cost is reduced, when shortening nursery
Between, the yield of breeding strong sprout is improved to meet the needs of nursery stock markets, pushes the development of industry.
" the pecan tree stiff wood that research about apocarya Technique on Cuttage Propagation mainly has Wang Zhengjia et al. to invent
" the pecan tree hardwood cuttage method " of cottage method " (patent publication No.: CN103181284A) He Liuyong sesame et al. invention
(patent publication No.: CN103181284A), although the former rooting rate up to 80%, every year can only cuttage late March, the time compared with
Short, cuttage batch is few, the latter be then winter to spring can cuttage, but rooting rate only 59.26%, and be all only related to reality
Raw seedling, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, seedling can also take root even without aerosol device culture of rootage, only pass through aerosol device
After culture of rootage, rooting efficiency is more preferable；But both the above method to the cuttage root-taking of kind seedling without positive effect, i.e., pair
Kind Miao Jun will not take root, as shown in Figure 4.As can finding a kind of method that can directly make kind seedling cuttage root-taking, it will significantly
Working efficiency is improved, time and seedling cost are saved.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of apocarya breeding skewers
The promotion method taken root is inserted, it is cuttage material using apocarya 1 year raw branch (elite stand is kind tree), is inserted by heating
Bed evoked callus, aerial fog cultivation hestening rooting technology, obtain the high cuttage and seedling culture method of rooting rate.
A kind of promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) cuttage period selects: the selection of cuttage period carries out after apocarya enters dormant period, and early December to next year 2 months
The middle ten days；
2) cuttings clip and processing: choosing 1 year healthy and strong raw branch, is cut into the scion that length is 12-15cm, and each scion contains 2-
3 full buds are placed in taking root liquid after rinsing the cuttings sheared with flowing water and impregnate 1.5-2.5h, are then smeared with moisturizer
Scion upper cut；
3) cuttage seeding bed temperature moisture management: expiring the mixed-matrix of thickness 20cm on cuttage seedbed upper berth, and step 2 is ready
Cuttings is inserted directly into mixed-matrix, and insertion depth is the 2/3 of cutting length, and carries out heat and moisture preserving, skewer with Small plastic shed covering
Nebulizing spray is carried out according to soil humidity situation after inserting, air humidity and water content of substrate are kept in a certain range until incision
Mouth forms callus；
4) aerial fog cultivation device culture of rootage: the cuttings that lower cut forms callus is taken out, fast quickly dipped oxidation resistance liquid transplanting
Into aerial fog cultivation device, then cuttings is put into togerther phjytotron together with aerial fog cultivation device and carries out constant temperature incubation, and is fixed
Phase carries out spraying treatment to cuttings lower part, until taking root.
The promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that 1 year raw branch in step 2
Rugosity is 0.6-1.5cm, and the resting period after clip before immersion was no more than 48 hours；Taking root liquid is that mass ratio is 5:1-
5 Nafusaku and the solution of heteroauxin, the concentration of the solution are 300-800mg/kg；Moisturizer is dissolution paraffin or cream
Shellac varnish.
The promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the cuttage seedbed in step 3) is
Electric seed bed heater, it for 4-6:3-5:1 is turfy soil, perlite and vermiculite mixed substrate that the mixed-matrix of cuttage, which uses volume ratio,
Preferred volume ratio is 5:4:1；The temperature in cuttage seedbed controls between 22-25 DEG C, substrate water content control 50%-70% it
Between；Between 15-18 DEG C, air humidity is controlled in 80%-100% air temperature control in Small plastic shed.
The promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the aerial fog cultivation dress in step 4)
It sets and is made of cultivation case (a), liquid supply pipe (b), cross atomizer (c) and nutrient solution tank (d), the cultivation case (a) is modeling
Expect turnover box, use cystosepiment as cover board, with by densely covered cutting hole on cystosepiment；The nutrient solution tank (d) and cultivation
The diaphragm pump (e) for being adjustable the working time is equipped between case (a), diaphragm pump (e) passes through liquid supply pipe (b) and cross atomizer
(c) and nutrient solution tank (d) connects, by diaphragm pump (e) intermittently by nutrient solution spray to cuttings base portion.
The promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the aperture 2cm of cutting hole, pitch-row
5cm。
The promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the oxidation resistance liquid in step 4) is
The aqueous solution of ascorbic acid or citric acid, concentration 5-10mg/kg.
The promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the migration process in step 4) is such as
Under: the cuttings that lower cut forms callus is dipped in 1-3s and is fixed on cystosepiment with absorbent cotton after oxidation resistance liquid, is exposed
Cystosepiment span access location length is 3-5cm.
The promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the constant temperature in step 4) is
Artificial climate room temperature is 22-25 DEG C, humidity 80%-90%.
The promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the regular spraying frequency in step 4)
Rate is that 6-8s is sprayed at interval of 15-20min, and cuttings starts to take root after cultivating 18-22d.
The promotion method of the apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the nutrition in nutrient solution tank (d)
Liquid ingredient is 1/2hogland nutrient solution.
By using above-mentioned technology, compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1) apocarya hardwood cutting propagation method provided by the invention, have it is easy to operate it is practical, at low cost, rooting rate is high
The features such as, good to kind seedling rooting facilitation, rooting rate when cuttage 40d realizes thin shell mountain pecan Peach cultivars up to 40% or more
The cuttings survival rate breakthrough of zero has established good basis for breeding strong sprout breeding quickly, inexpensive；
2) cuttings is first inserted directly into the mixed-matrix for limiting temperature and humidity cuttage seedbed by using the technology of restriction by the present invention
On, until lower cut forms callus；Again gas will be transplanted to after the cuttings of lower cut formation callus fastly quickly dipped oxidation resistance liquid
In mist culture apparatus, then cuttings is put into togerther phjytotron together with aerial fog cultivation device and carries out constant temperature incubation, and is periodically right
Cuttings lower part carries out spraying treatment, until taking root；It by first breeding ground formed callus, induced synthesis root restriction, then
Cuttings is taken out from breeding ground, is dipped in antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, guarantees callus not aging, is then planted in aerosol
Constant-temperature moisture-keeping is carried out in training, and lateral root is promoted to sprout；And nutrition needed for cuttings can be provided comprehensively after taking root, accelerate cuttings germination life
It is long, incubation time is shortened compared with traditional mode, and obtain higher increment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention aerial fog cultivation device；
Fig. 2 is the seedling condition of rooting figure without aerosol device culture of rootage；
Fig. 3 is the seedling condition of rooting figure through aerosol device culture of rootage；
Fig. 4 is " wave Buddhist nun " kind seedling rooting condition diagram without aerosol device culture of rootage；
Fig. 5 is " wave Buddhist nun " kind seedling rooting condition diagram that embodiment 1 is cultivated；
In figure: a- cultivates case, b- liquid supply pipe, c- cross atomizer, d- nutrient solution tank, e- diaphragm pump.
Specific embodiment
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below.Although being shown in this specification of the invention
Illustrative embodiments, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the embodiment party of the invention without that should be illustrated here
Formula is limited.On the contrary, providing these embodiments is to be able to thoroughly understand the disclosure, and can will be of the invention
Range is fully disclosed to those skilled in the art.
The promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking of the invention, comprising the following steps:
1) cuttage period selects: the selection of cuttage period carries out after apocarya enters dormant period, and early December to next year 2 months
The middle ten days；
2) cuttings clip and processing: choosing 1 year healthy and strong raw branch, is cut into the scion that length is 12-15cm, and each scion contains 2-
3 full buds are placed in taking root liquid after rinsing the cuttings sheared with flowing water and impregnate 1.5-2.5h, are then smeared with moisturizer
Scion upper cut, described 1 year raw branch thick are 0.6-1.5cm, and the resting period after clip before immersion is no more than 48
Hour；Taking root liquid is the solution of the Nafusaku that mass ratio is 5:1-5 and heteroauxin, and the concentration of the solution is 300-
800mg/kg；Moisturizer is dissolution paraffin or emulsion paint；
3) cuttage seeding bed temperature moisture management: expiring the mixed-matrix of thickness 20cm on cuttage seedbed upper berth, and step 2 is ready
Cuttings is inserted directly into mixed-matrix, and insertion depth is the 2/3 of cutting length, and carries out heat and moisture preserving, skewer with Small plastic shed covering
Nebulizing spray is carried out according to soil humidity situation after inserting, air humidity and water content of substrate are kept in a certain range until incision
Mouth forms callus；
The cuttage seedbed is electric seed bed heater, and it for 4-6:3-5:1 is turfy soil, pearl that the mixed-matrix of cuttage, which uses volume ratio,
Rock and vermiculite mixed substrate, preferred volume ratio 5:4:1；The temperature in cuttage seedbed controls the substrate water content between 22-25 DEG C
Control is between 50%-70%；Between 15-18 DEG C, air humidity is controlled in 80%-100% air temperature control in Small plastic shed；
4) aerial fog cultivation device culture of rootage: lower cut is formed in the cuttings 1-3s of callus after dipping in oxidation resistance liquid and uses degreasing
Cotton is fixed on cystosepiment, and exposing cystosepiment span access location length is 3-5cm, then cuttings is put into togerther people together with aerial fog cultivation device
Work climatic chamber carries out constant temperature incubation, and periodically carries out spraying treatment to cuttings lower part, until taking root；Oxidation resistance liquid is ascorbic acid
Or the aqueous solution of citric acid, concentration 5-10mg/kg, nutrient composition are 1/2hogland nutrient solution；
The aerial fog cultivation device is made of cultivation case a, liquid supply pipe b, cross atomizer c and nutrient solution tank d, the cultivation
Case a is plastic container, uses cystosepiment as cover board, with by densely covered cutting hole, the aperture of cutting hole on cystosepiment
2cm, pitch-row 5cm；It is equipped with the diaphragm pump e for being adjustable the working time between the nutrient solution tank d and cultivation case a, diaphragm pump e passes through
Liquid supply pipe b is connect with cross atomizer c and nutrient solution tank d, by diaphragm pump e intermittently by nutrient solution spray to cuttings base portion；
The constant temperature is that phjytotron temperature is 22-25 DEG C, humidity 80%-90%；It is described that periodically frequency is every by spraying
It is sprayed 6-8s every 15-20min, cuttings starts to take root after cultivating 18-22d.
The cottage method of embodiment 1 " wave Buddhist nun " kind branch, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare cuttings
Select annual " wave Buddhist nun " kind branch as fringe bar source, after apocarya fallen leaves, in early December from elite stand
On select health annotinous branch, be cut into length be 12-15cm, the cuttings of 2-3 bud (full), upper cut are contained in top
Straight snips, lower cut are cut into the shape of a hoof, it is desirable that upper and lower smooth cut is smooth.
(2) cuttings is handled
After the cuttings sheared is rinsed for 24 hours with flowing water, the aqueous solution of the Nafusaku and heteroauxin that are placed in taking root liquid 1:1 is (dense
Degree is immersion 2h, soaking depth 3-5cm in 500mg/kg)；After the completion of immersion scion upper cut surface smear emulsion paint into
Row moisturizing.
(3) breeding ground cuttage
The mixed-matrix of thickness 20cm, matrix components are paved on the electric seed bed heater of controllable temperature are as follows: turfy soil, perlite and leech
Stone, volume ratio 5:4:1；Ready cuttings is inserted directly into mixed-matrix, depth is the 2/3 of cutting length, matrix
Control carries out heat and moisture preserving between 22 DEG C, and with the covering of the Small plastic shed of plastic sheeting making, and arch temperature of shed maintains 15-18
DEG C, nebulizing spray is carried out according to humidity condition after cuttage, air humidity is maintained at 80%-90%, and water content of substrate is maintained at 60%,
Time is 13-16d.After cuttings forms callus after 15d, cuttings is carefully taken out from matrix, cannot damage callus；
(4) cuttings is transplanted
As shown in Figure 1, aerial fog cultivation device used in this example is by cultivation case a, liquid supply pipe b, cross atomizer c and nutrient solution
Bucket d is constituted, and the cultivation case a is plastic container, uses cystosepiment as cover board, with by densely covered cuttage on cystosepiment
Hole；Be equipped between the nutrient solution tank d and cultivation case a and be adjustable the diaphragm pump e of working time, diaphragm pump e by liquid supply pipe b with
Cross atomizer c and nutrient solution tank d connection, by diaphragm pump e intermittently by nutrient solution spray to cuttings base portion；
It will be transplanted to after the cuttings of step 3) taking-up fastly quickly dipped 5mg/kg aqueous ascorbic acid with cutting hole (aperture 3cm)
It on cystosepiment (long 60cm, wide 40cm, thick 2cm), and is fixed with absorbent cotton, cystosepiment is placed in cultivation case a, the i.e. plastics of black
On incubator (long 60cm, wide 40cm, high 23cm), a cross atomizer c is placed in each cultivation case a；
(5) culture of rootage
It is 22 DEG C that the cuttings transplanted, which is put into togerther temperature together with cultivation case a and cystosepiment, the % phjytotron of humidity 80
In, and the cross atomizer c cultivated in case a is connected with diaphragm pump e, interval is controlled by time controller to be atomized,
Atomized soln is 1/2hogland nutrient solution, interval time 20min, spray time 8s.20d is cultivated in the controlled environment chamber
Cuttings starts to take root afterwards, and rooting rate is up to 40.3% after cuttage 40 days, and be averaged indefinite radical 1.6, the indefinite root long 3.5cm of longest,
Condition of rooting is as shown in Figure 5.
The cottage method of embodiment 2 " Stewart " kind branch, specifically comprises the following steps:
The present embodiment using embodiment 1 method and embodiment 1 the difference is that: the kind of apocarya branch is
" Stewart ", the formula of taking root liquid are Nafusaku: heteroauxin=5:3, concentration 800mg/kg, soaking time 1.5h,
Cuttings 1.5h is impregnated using root-inducing powder treatment fluid；Breeding ground temperature is controlled at 24 DEG C.Between the atomisation time during culture of rootage
It is divided into 15min, spray time 6s.Rooting rate is up to 38.3% after cuttage 40 days, and be averaged indefinite radical 1.4, the indefinite root long of longest
3.0cm。
Claims (10)
1. a kind of promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) cuttage period selects: the selection of cuttage period carries out after apocarya enters dormant period, and early December to next year 2 months
The middle ten days；
2) cuttings clip and processing: choosing 1 year healthy and strong raw branch, is cut into the scion that length is 12-15cm, and each scion contains 2-
3 full buds are placed in taking root liquid after rinsing the cuttings sheared with flowing water and impregnate 1.5-2.5h, are then smeared with moisturizer
Scion upper cut；
3) cuttage seeding bed temperature moisture management: expiring the mixed-matrix of thickness 20cm on cuttage seedbed upper berth, and step 2 is ready
Cuttings is inserted directly into mixed-matrix, and insertion depth is the 2/3 of cutting length, and carries out heat and moisture preserving, skewer with Small plastic shed covering
Nebulizing spray is carried out according to soil humidity situation after inserting, air humidity and water content of substrate are kept in a certain range until incision
Mouth forms callus；
4) aerial fog cultivation device culture of rootage: the cuttings that lower cut forms callus is taken out, fast quickly dipped oxidation resistance liquid transplanting
Into aerial fog cultivation device, then cuttings is put into togerther phjytotron together with aerial fog cultivation device and carries out constant temperature incubation, and is fixed
Phase carries out spraying treatment to cuttings lower part, until taking root.
2. the promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2
1 year raw branch thick be 0.6-1.5cm, the resting period after clip before immersion was no more than 48 hours；Taking root liquid is
Mass ratio is the Nafusaku of 5:1-5 and the solution of heteroauxin, and the concentration of the solution is 300-800mg/kg；Moisturizer is
Dissolve paraffin or emulsion paint.
3. the promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3)
Cuttage seedbed be electric seed bed heater, it for 4-6:3-5:1 is turfy soil, perlite and leech that the mixed-matrix of cuttage, which uses volume ratio,
Stone mixed substrate, preferred volume ratio 5:4:1；The temperature in cuttage seedbed controls between 22-25 DEG C, and substrate water content control exists
Between 50%-70%；Between 15-18 DEG C, air humidity is controlled in 80%-100% air temperature control in Small plastic shed.
4. the promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4)
Aerial fog cultivation device be made of cultivation case (a), liquid supply pipe (b), cross atomizer (c) and nutrient solution tank (d), the cultivation
Training case (a) is plastic container, uses cystosepiment as cover board, with by densely covered cutting hole on cystosepiment；The nutrient solution
The diaphragm pump (e) for being adjustable the working time is equipped between bucket (d) and cultivation case (a), diaphragm pump (e) passes through liquid supply pipe (b) and ten
Word atomizer (c) and nutrient solution tank (d) connection, by diaphragm pump (e) intermittently by nutrient solution spray to cuttings base portion.
5. the promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking according to claim 4, it is characterised in that cutting hole
Aperture 2cm, pitch-row 5cm.
6. the promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4)
Oxidation resistance liquid be ascorbic acid or citric acid aqueous solution, concentration 5-10mg/kg.
7. the promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in step 4)
Migration process it is as follows: the cuttings that lower cut forms callus is dipped in 1-3s and is fixed to bubble with absorbent cotton after oxidation resistance liquid
On foam plate, exposing cystosepiment span access location length is 3-5cm.
8. the promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in step 4)
Constant temperature be phjytotron temperature be 22-25 DEG C, humidity 80%-90%.
9. the promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in step 4)
Periodically frequency is be sprayed 6-8s at interval of 15-20min by spraying, cuttings starts to take root after culture 18-22d.
10. the promotion method of apocarya breeding cuttage root-taking according to claim 4, it is characterised in that nutrient solution tank
(d) nutrient composition in is 1/2hogland nutrient solution.
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| WO2019142166A1 (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | Dümmen Group B.V. | Airborne rooting and callusing of cuttings |
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Application publication date: 20191029 |