CN110379929A - 偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管 - Google Patents
偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
发明公开了一种偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,包括ITO导电玻璃阳极、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、钙钛矿纳米线发光层、电子传输层、阴极,其特征在于,钙钛矿纳米线发光层制备步骤为:将合成好的钙钛矿纳米线分散在有机溶剂中,将纳米线分散液滴在远离旋涂中心的基板上旋涂成膜。本发明针对LCD背光源存在的问题,提供了偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管。该结构制作工艺简单,可用于LCD背光源中,提升器件发光效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明主要涉及偏振LED器件发光和纳米结构制作领域,具体是偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管。
背景技术
目前LCD器件是在液晶层的下面和背光源上面使用一层偏振片来制作偏振光源,而这层偏振片使得通过的光能量减少了近40%。如果使用自身就能够发射偏振光的LED背光源,那么不仅能减少光能的浪费,还能省略这一层偏振片,节约成本。因此需要开发简单低成本的偏振LED背光源材料和制作工艺。钙钛矿发光材料是近年来炙手可热的新型发光材料,有着发光效率高,颜色纯,成本低等优秀特性。近来钙钛矿薄膜发光二极管的最高外量子效率超过20%,最大亮度超过100000 cd/m2,说明其发光性能已经达到了一个很高的水平。纳米线/纳米棒材料因其各向异性的特征,出色的长径比而广泛应用于偏振发光领域,比如CdSe纳米棒,InP纳米线等等。但由于材料本身的成本和制作工艺的原因,这些材料的偏振发光器件的成本一直居高不下。而钙钛矿纳米线结合了钙钛矿材料和纳米线的优势,正好可以用来制作高效低廉的偏振发光器件。而制作钙钛矿纳米线偏振发光器件,关键在于如何使在有机溶剂中分散的钙钛矿纳米线在基底上完成有序排列,这关乎到器件发光的偏振度,并且也好兼顾发光性能。因此,如何使钙钛矿纳米线既能在基底上进行有序排列,又能获得不错的发光性能,这个问题急需解决。
发明内容
针对上述背景技术中存在的问题,本发明提供了一种发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管。该结构制作工艺简单,可用于LCD背光源中,提升器件发光效率。
为达到上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种使用偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,包括ITO导电玻璃阳极、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、钙钛矿纳米线发光层、电子传输层、阴极,其中钙钛矿纳米线发光层制备步骤为:将合成好的钙钛矿纳米线分散在有机溶剂中,将纳米线分散液滴在远离旋涂中心的基板上旋涂成膜。
所述钙钛矿纳米线选自CsPbClxBr3-x和CsPbBrxI3-x中的一种或两种,其中x=0~3。
所述空穴注入层为聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)- 聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT:PSS)。
所述空穴传输层为聚[N,N'-双(4-丁基苯基)-N,N'-双(苯基)联苯胺](Poly-TPD)。
所述电子传输层为(1,3,5-三(2-N-苯基苯并咪唑基-苯)(TPBi)。
所述阴极为LiF和Al的复合电极。
所述的一种使用偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,其制备方法为:
步骤1,以ITO导电玻璃作为器件的阳极;
步骤2,空穴注入层的制备,将PEDOT:PSS旋涂在阳极层ITO导电玻璃上,并退火处理;
步骤3,空穴传输层的制备,将Poly-TPD旋涂在PEDOT:PSS薄膜上,并退火处理;
步骤4,偏振发光层制备,将分散在有机溶剂中的钙钛矿纳米线滴在远离旋涂中心的Poly-TPD薄膜基板上,并旋涂;
步骤5,电子传输层和阴极的制备,将旋涂过钙钛矿纳米线的基板放入真空腔室中依次蒸镀TPBi、LiF和Al,完成后得到上述的钙钛矿纳米线偏振发光二极管。
步骤2和步骤3的退火温度为140度,时间为15分钟。
本发明的原理是:
将基片贴合在长方形塑料板上,放入旋涂机中旋涂,基片中心位置远离旋涂中心,将钙钛矿纳米线分散液滴在基板上旋涂,旋涂产生的离心力使纳米线沿离心力方向有序排列,将排列好的钙钛矿纳米线膜作为发光层制成LED,从而发射偏振光。
如图1所示,LCD器件是在液晶层的下面和背光源上面使用一层偏振片来制作偏振光源,而这层偏振片使得通过的光能量减少了近40%。如图2所示,使用自身就能够发射偏振光的LED背光源,不仅能减少光能的浪费,还能省略这一层偏振片,节约成本。
与已有技术相比,本发明的有益效果体现在:
本发明使用远离旋涂中心旋涂方法让钙钛矿纳米线有序排列,在ITO基板上制备得到有序排列的钙钛矿纳米线结构,并应用于LED器件中。该结构使得LED器件发射偏振光。相比其他用于偏振LED器件的微纳结构制作过程,该方法工艺简单,成本低,适合大规模生产使用。
附图说明
图1为常规LCD结构图,在液晶层的上下各有一层偏振片,非偏振背光源;
图2为使用偏振背光源的LCD结构图,减少了一层偏振片;
图3为纳米线偏心旋涂装置示意图;
图4为偏振钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管结构图;
图5为偏振LED器件的亮度—电压关系曲线图;
图6为有序排列的钙钛矿纳米线SEM图;
图7 为当偏振片偏振方向垂直或平行钙钛矿纳米线排列方向时的PL光谱图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例以本发明技术方案为基础,给出了详细实施方式和具体操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1:
参见图4,本发明的一种发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,包括导电玻璃阳极ITO、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、钙钛矿纳米线发光层、电子传输层、阴极。以下对各个层进行详细描述。
其中透明阳极层,采用无机材料,氧化铟锡(ITO);
空穴注入层采用聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)- 聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT:PSS),可以改变ITO的功函数,有利于空穴注入;
空穴传输层采用聚[N,N'-双(4-丁基苯基)-N,N'-双(苯基)联苯胺](Poly-TPD),空穴传输能力很强,有利于空穴传输;
电子传输层采用(1,3,5-三(2-N-苯基苯并咪唑基-苯)(TPBi),更有利于电子传输;
阴极为金属和金属氟化物的复合电极;例如,所述阴极选用金属时,使用Al;选用金属氟化物时,使用LiF。
实施例2:
针对钙钛矿纳米线有序排列的方法,参见图3,将旋涂有PEDOT:PSS和Poly-TPD的基板贴在长方形塑料板上,将贴合好的塑料板中心放在旋涂机真空吸头上并吸住,将合成好的钙钛矿纳米线分散液滴在贴塑料板上的基板上旋涂成膜,转速为1300 rpm,时间为90 s,加速度为100;基板中心距离塑料板中心4cm;
实施例3:
针对偏振发光二极管的制作,参见图4,
1)ITO基板清洗和臭氧处理:用浓度5%的ITO清洗剂和去离子水超声冲洗ITO基板,然后将清洗后的基板用氮气吹干,在烘干后使用紫外臭氧清洗机清洁表面15 min;
2)空穴传输层的制备:
将PEDOT:PSS水溶液滴在清洗过的ITO基板上,放入旋涂机中旋涂,转速为4000 rpm,时间为60 s,加速度为500,旋涂完成后置于热台上140度退火15 min;之后再旋涂一层Poly-TPD氯苯溶液,参数与PEDOT:PSS相同;
3)偏振发光层制备:将2)所得的基板贴在长方形塑料板上,将贴合好的塑料板放在旋涂机真空吸头上并吸住,将合成好的钙钛矿纳米线分散液滴在贴塑料板上的基板上旋涂成膜,转速为1300 rpm,时间为90 s,加速度为100;
4)偏振LED器件制备:将3)所得的基板与掩膜板贴合后,放入真空镀膜机腔室内,在真空环境中依次蒸镀偏振LED器件的有机层TPBi/LiF和电极层Al;
5)封装:将经4)制备的LED器件从真空腔室移至手套箱(手套箱参数为氧含量<0.1ppm,水含量<0.01ppm)中,使用紫外固化胶和环氧树脂盖板对器件进行封装,隔绝外界的水和氧气。
所得偏振发光二极管的偏振LED器件的亮度—电压关系曲线图、有序排列的钙钛矿纳米线SEM图、当偏振片偏振方向垂直或平行钙钛矿纳米线排列方向时的PL光谱图分别为图5、6、7所示。
Claims (8)
1.偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,包括ITO导电玻璃阳极、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、钙钛矿纳米线发光层、电子传输层、阴极,其特征在于,钙钛矿纳米线发光层制备步骤为:将合成好的钙钛矿纳米线分散在有机溶剂中,将纳米线分散液滴在远离旋涂中心的基板上旋涂成膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,其特征在于,所述钙钛矿纳米线选自CsPbClxBr3-x和CsPbBrxI3-x中的一种或两种,其中x=0~3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,其特征在于,所述空穴注入层为聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)- 聚苯乙烯磺酸(PEDOT:PSS)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,其特征在于,所述空穴传输层为聚[N,N'-双(4-丁基苯基)-N,N'-双(苯基)联苯胺](Poly-TPD)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,其特征在于,所述电子传输层为(1,3,5-三(2-N-苯基苯并咪唑基-苯)(TPBi)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,其特征在于,所述阴极为LiF和Al的复合电极。
7.权利要求1所述的偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,以ITO导电玻璃作为器件的阳极;
步骤2,空穴注入层的制备,将PEDOT:PSS旋涂在阳极层ITO导电玻璃上,并退火处理;
步骤3,空穴传输层的制备,将Poly-TPD旋涂在PEDOT:PSS薄膜上,并退火处理;
步骤4,偏振发光层制备,将分散在有机溶剂中的钙钛矿纳米线滴在远离旋涂中心的Poly-TPD薄膜基板上,并旋涂;
步骤5,电子传输层和阴极的制备,将旋涂过钙钛矿纳米线的基板放入真空腔室中依次蒸镀TPBi、LiF和Al,完成后得到上述的钙钛矿纳米线偏振发光二极管。
8.如权利要求7所述的偏心旋涂取向的发射偏振光的钙钛矿纳米线发光二极管,其特征在于,步骤2和步骤3的退火温度为140度,时间为15分钟。
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CN111724699B (zh) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-07-06 | 福州大学 | 一种nled像素设置及修复方法 |
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