CN110375979B - Spoon type seed taking, missing sowing and rebroadcasting experiment table of garlic seeder and detection method - Google Patents
Spoon type seed taking, missing sowing and rebroadcasting experiment table of garlic seeder and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110375979B CN110375979B CN201910793617.6A CN201910793617A CN110375979B CN 110375979 B CN110375979 B CN 110375979B CN 201910793617 A CN201910793617 A CN 201910793617A CN 110375979 B CN110375979 B CN 110375979B
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- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 244000245420 ail Species 0.000 title 1
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000304531 Allium macrostemon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a garlic seeder spoon type seed taking, missing and rebroadcasting experiment table and a detection method, wherein the experiment table comprises a frame, a seed taking box and a garlic guiding cylinder which are fixedly connected on the frame, a feed end and a discharge end of the garlic guiding cylinder, and chain wheels which are respectively arranged below the seed taking box are connected through a spoon type seed lifting chain which penetrates through the seed taking box from bottom to top and penetrates through the garlic guiding cylinder from top to bottom; the frame is also provided with a stepping motor in transmission connection with one of the chain wheels, a stepping motor driver in electric connection with the stepping motor, and a controller in electric connection with the stepping motor driver; the frame is also fixedly provided with camera equipment. The invention can simulate the actual situation of garlic sowing in actual production; the stepping motor is used as a power source to drive the spoon type seed lifting chain to work, the rotating speed of the stepping motor is adjustable, and the miss-seeding rate and the replay rate of different garlic seeds at different seed lifting speeds can be measured, so that the optimal seed lifting speed during garlic sowing is found.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device and a detection method related to garlic sowing machinery, in particular to a test table and a detection method for the sowing and the rebroadcasting of a garlic sowing machine by a spoon type, which are suitable for the test of the sowing and rebroadcasting of the garlic sowing machine by the spoon type.
Background
China is the largest garlic producing country and export country in the world, and the Chinese garlic industry plays an important role in the Chinese agricultural product industry. Most garlic seeders in the current market adopt a chain spoon type seed taking mode, but the chain spoon type seed taking mainly has the following problems: 1. the phenomenon of miss-seeding, when the garlic taking spoon passes through the seeding box from bottom to top, the garlic seeds can not be taken up by the garlic taking spoon, so that the phenomenon of miss-seeding is caused; 2. a re-sowing phenomenon, wherein two or even more garlic seeds can be taken out at one time by the garlic taking spoon due to the difference between the size of the garlic taking spoon and the size of the garlic seeds, so that the re-sowing phenomenon is caused; 3. the rotating speed of the seed taking chain wheel can also influence the seed taking rate of the garlic taking spoon. In order to reduce the miss-seeding rate and the replay rate, the most suitable sprocket rotating speed of garlic seeds with different sizes when the garlic seeds are picked up by the garlic spoon needs to be determined, and the current technical staff cannot obtain a reliable theoretical basis when improving the garlic seeds aiming at the problems, so that the improvement effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a garlic seeder spoon type seed taking, missing sowing and rebroadcasting experiment table and a detection method, and the experiment table can effectively and accurately control the speed of taking and lifting the garlic spoon of a garlic seeder in a chain spoon type seed taking mode; the seed leakage rate and the rebroadcast rate of the garlic scoops can be accurately detected at different seed lifting speeds; the optimal seed lifting speed of garlic seeds with different size grades can be detected through the experiment table, so that the optimal seed lifting speed is determined, a reliable theoretical basis is provided for optimization of a garlic seeder, and finally the success rate of garlic seeding is improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, provides a garlic seeder spoon type seed taking, missing and rebroadcasting experiment table, which comprises a frame, a seed taking box and a garlic guiding cylinder, wherein the seed taking box and the garlic guiding cylinder are fixedly connected on the frame, a feeding end and a discharging end of the garlic guiding cylinder, and chain wheels which are axially connected with the frame are arranged below the seed taking box, and all the chain wheels are in transmission connection through a spoon type seed lifting chain which penetrates through the seed taking box from bottom to top and penetrates through the garlic guiding cylinder from top to bottom;
The frame is also provided with a stepping motor in transmission connection with one of the chain wheels, a stepping motor driver in electric connection with the stepping motor, and a controller in electric connection with the stepping motor driver;
The frame is also fixedly provided with a camera device facing the seed lifting side of the spoon type seed lifting chain.
The garlic seed extracting experiment is provided with a reliable structure, the seed extracting box provides a placing space for experimental garlic seeds, the spoon type seed extracting chain is driven by the stepping motor to rotate, the garlic seeds in the seed extracting box are extracted and sent to the garlic guiding cylinder, the garlic seeds fall down through the garlic guiding cylinder, the rotating speed and the start-stop of the stepping motor are controlled by the controller, the rotating speed of the seed extracting chain is enabled to be more accurate, and therefore accurate control of the seed extracting speed is guaranteed; the camera device provides convenience for staff to observe seed lifting conditions and record miss-broadcasting and replay conditions.
As optimization, the frame is including supporting the backup pad of getting kind case, and with the backup pad rigid coupling and along two at least trapezoidal landing legs that length direction arranged, the topside length of trapezoidal landing leg is less than base length, has seted up the through-hole that supplies the spoon to carry kind chain to pass through in the backup pad. The frame of this optimization scheme provides the support for getting kind of case through the backup pad, makes to get kind of case place more stable, sets up the landing leg to trapezoidal, has improved the holistic stability of laboratory bench.
As optimization, each side of the trapezoid supporting leg is of a hollow tube structure. According to the optimization scheme, each side of the trapezoid supporting leg is of a hollow tube structure, so that the requirement on supporting strength of an experiment is met, the weight of an experiment table is reduced, and the convenience of use is improved.
As optimization, the support plate is provided with a mounting hole for inserting the garlic guide cylinder. This optimizing scheme is through setting up the mounting hole, inserts the garlic section of thick bamboo of establishing and installs in the mounting hole, has improved the wholeness of laboratory bench structure, convenient removal and transportation.
As optimization, the garlic guide cylinder and the seed taking box are connected with the supporting plate through bolts, and the supporting plate is provided with connecting screw holes. This optimization scheme will lead a garlic section of thick bamboo and get kind case and be connected through bolt and backup pad, has realized a garlic section of thick bamboo and has got the dismantlement of kind case, can be used to other experiments, has reduced laboratory cost, through seting up the connection screw in the backup pad, has reduced standard part quantity of use, and the dismouting is more swift, has saved experiment preparation time.
As optimization, the output shaft of the stepping motor is fixedly provided with a driving sprocket, the sprocket wheel shaft at the lower end of the garlic guide cylinder is fixedly provided with a driven sprocket, and the driven sprocket is in transmission connection with the driving sprocket through a transmission chain. The stepping motor of this optimization scheme drives the sprocket of a garlic section of thick bamboo lower extreme through chain drive and rotates, and then drives and carry kind chain rotation, provides power for laboratory bench work, simple structure, and the fault rate is low.
As optimization, two vertical rods which are positioned at the outer side of the seed taking box and are parallel to each other are fixedly connected on the frame, and the camera equipment is fixed on the two vertical rods and is higher than the upper opening of the seed taking box. The camera equipment of this optimization scheme installs simple and conveniently, can conveniently observe the garlic kind condition of each kind of spoon of carrying on the kind of carrying chain before getting into the garlic section of thick bamboo, improves experimental data's reliability.
The scheme also provides a detection method for the garlic seeder spoon type seed taking, missing sowing and rebroadcasting experiment table, which comprises the following steps:
Dividing garlic seeds into a plurality of groups according to the size, determining the rotating speeds of a plurality of spoon type seed lifting chains by taking the seed lifting speed of a local actual garlic seeder as a reference, wherein the difference between the determined rotating speed value of the spoon type seed lifting chains and the rotating speed value of the seed lifting chains of the local actual garlic seeder is not more than 10%;
Step two, placing one group of garlic seeds into a seed taking box, starting a stepping motor to rotate sequentially at each determined rotating speed value, wherein each rotating speed value corresponds to 2-5 minutes in rotation time, observing seed lifting conditions by a worker through a camera, recording the total seed lifting number, the seed leakage number and the repeated seed lifting number in the rotating time at each rotating speed value, and calculating the seed leakage rate and the re-sowing rate corresponding to each seed lifting speed according to the total seed lifting number, the seed leakage number and the repeated seed lifting number;
step three, putting the rest garlic seeds into a seed taking box in sequence respectively, and calculating the miss-seeding rate and the replay rate of the garlic seeds with different sizes under different seed lifting speeds according to the step two;
And step four, finding out the optimal seed lifting speed of various garlic seeds according to the miss-seeding rate and the re-seeding rate of the garlic seeds with different seed lifting speeds, and providing a theoretical basis for the improvement of the garlic seeder.
The method takes the garlic seed size and the seed extracting speed as variables, combines the garlic seed of each size with different seed extracting speeds to obtain the miss-seeding rate and the re-seeding rate of the garlic seed of each size under different seed extracting speeds, thereby obtaining the optimal seed extracting speed for the garlic seed of each size and providing theoretical basis for the improvement of a chain spoon type seed extracting seeder.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the whole machine has smaller size and compact structure, and can simulate the actual production of middle and large sizes
Actual conditions of garlic sowing; the stepping motor is used as a power source to drive the spoon type seed lifting chain to work, the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the stepping motor, the control is accurate, and the rotating speed of the stepping motor is adjustable; the experiment table can measure the miss-seeding rate and the re-seeding rate of different garlic seeds at different seed-lifting speeds, so as to find out the optimal seed-lifting speed when the garlic seeds are sown; the experiment table and the detection method thereof provided by the scheme are not limited to the method for detecting the optimal seed lifting speed of garlic seeds, and the structure of the seed lifting spoon can be improved in the later period, and the experiment table is used for carrying out experiments to find out the optimal size of the seed lifting spoon.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of an experimental bench of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the left side structure of the experimental bench of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bench drive according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the laboratory bench frame of the present invention;
The figure shows:
1. the device comprises a frame, 2, a seed taking box, 3, a garlic guide cylinder, 4, a spoon type seed lifting chain, 5, a stepping motor, 6, a stepping motor driver, 7, a controller, 8, camera equipment, 9, an upper chain wheel of the garlic guide cylinder, 10, a lower chain wheel of the seed taking box, 11, a lower chain wheel of the garlic guide cylinder, 12, a driven chain wheel, 13, a transmission chain, 14 and a driving chain wheel.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the present solution, the present invention is further better understood, and the present solution is described below through specific embodiments.
The utility model provides a garlic seeder spoon type seed taking, missing and rebroadcasting experiment table, includes frame 1, and the rigid coupling is in get kind case 2 and guide garlic section of thick bamboo 3 on frame 1, the feed end and the discharge end of guide garlic section of thick bamboo 3, and the below of getting kind case all are provided with the sprocket that connects with the frame axle, and the sprocket of guide garlic section of thick bamboo 3 feed end is the sprocket 9 on the guide garlic section of thick bamboo, and the sprocket of guide garlic section of thick bamboo 3 discharge end is the sprocket 11 under the guide garlic section of thick bamboo, and the sprocket below the seed case is the sprocket 10 under the seed case, and each sprocket is through passing kind case and top-down and passing the spoon type seed lifting chain 4 transmission connection of guide garlic section of thick bamboo. The spoon mouth of the garlic taking spoon positioned in the seed taking box 2 on the spoon type seed lifting chain 4 faces upwards, and the mouth of the garlic taking spoon positioned in the garlic guiding cylinder faces downwards.
The machine frame is also provided with a stepping motor 5 in transmission connection with a lower chain wheel 11 of the garlic guide cylinder, a stepping motor driver 6 in electric connection with the stepping motor 5, and a controller 7 in electric connection with the stepping motor driver, wherein the controller in the embodiment is a singlechip control module, and the singlechip sends different signals to the stepping motor driver 6 to control the stepping motor 5 to rotate at different rotating speeds, so that the spoon type seed lifting chain 4 obtains different seed lifting speeds, and provides variables for experimental study.
The frame is also fixedly provided with a camera device 8 facing the seed lifting side of the spoon type seed lifting chain. Specifically, two vertical rods which are positioned on the outer side of the seed taking box and are parallel to each other are fixedly connected on the frame, and the camera equipment is fixed on the two vertical rods and is higher than the upper opening of the seed taking box.
In order to accord with the experiment and use, the frame of this embodiment includes the support board of support seed case, and with the backup pad rigid coupling and two trapezoidal landing legs of arranging along length direction regard as the bottom plate of seed case with the backup pad, the topside length of trapezoidal landing leg is less than base length, and each limit of trapezoidal landing leg is rectangular hollow tube structure. The support plate is provided with a through hole for the spoon type seed lifting chain to pass through, and the distance between the spoon type seed lifting chain and the wall of the through hole is smaller than the size of garlic seeds.
The support plate is provided with a mounting hole for inserting the garlic guide cylinder, the garlic guide cylinder and the seed taking box are connected with the support plate through bolts, and the support plate is provided with a connecting screw hole.
The output shaft of the stepping motor is fixedly provided with a driving sprocket 14, the sprocket wheel shaft at the lower end of the garlic guide cylinder is fixedly provided with a driven sprocket 12, and the driven sprocket is in transmission connection with the driving sprocket through a transmission chain 13.
The detection method performed by using the garlic seeder spoon type seed taking, missing sowing and rebroadcasting experiment table comprises the following steps:
Dividing garlic seeds into A, B, C groups according to the size, wherein each group comprises 300 garlic seeds with regular and full shapes, determining the rotating speeds of a plurality of spoon type seed lifting chains by taking the seed lifting speed of a local actual garlic planter as a reference, and the difference between the determined rotating speed value of the spoon type seed lifting chains and the rotating speed value of the seed lifting chains of the local actual garlic planter is not more than 10%; programming the rotating speed control of the stepping motor by using programming software, downloading the rotating speed control program to the singlechip for debugging, and ensuring stable operation after the experiment table is installed;
Step two, placing one group of garlic seeds into a seed taking box, starting a stepping motor to rotate sequentially at each determined rotating speed value, wherein each rotating speed value corresponds to 2-5 minutes, controlling the stepping motor to drive a spoon type seed lifting chain to rotate at different seed lifting speeds by a singlechip, taking garlic seeds from a garlic spoon through the seed taking box from bottom to top by the garlic seed lifting chain, conveying the garlic seeds to the ground by a garlic guide tube, simulating a garlic sowing process, and controlling the stepping motor to switch the rotating speed after the rotating time corresponding to each seed lifting speed is over by the singlechip; the staff observes the seed lifting condition through the camera equipment at the same time, records the total seed lifting number, the seed leakage number and the repeated seed lifting number in the rotation time period of each rotation speed value, and calculates the miss-seeding rate and the re-seeding rate corresponding to each seed lifting speed according to the total seed lifting number, the seed leakage number and the repeated seed lifting number;
Step three, placing the rest garlic seeds into a seed taking box in sequence, and calculating the miss-seeding rate and the replay rate of the garlic seeds with different sizes under different seed lifting speeds according to the step two, wherein in order to avoid accidental, each group should be subjected to multiple experiments;
and step four, according to the miss-seeding rate and the re-seeding rate of garlic seeds with different seed-lifting speeds, in order to avoid accidental, taking an average value after each group of experiments is carried out, finally carrying out statistical analysis on experimental data after the experiments are finished, finding out the optimal seed-lifting speed of various garlic seeds, and providing a theoretical basis for the improvement of a garlic planter.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the technical features of the present invention that are not described may be implemented by or by using the prior art, which is not described herein again; the foregoing description is only a preferred experimental procedure of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any minor modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made to the above-described technology according to the present invention should be included in the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A detection method using a garlic seeder spoon type seed taking, missing sowing and rebroadcasting experiment table is characterized in that: the garlic seeder spoon type seed taking, missing and rebroadcasting experiment table comprises a frame (1), a seed taking box (2) and a garlic guiding cylinder (3) which are fixedly connected to the frame (1), wherein a feed end and a discharge end of the garlic guiding cylinder (3) are respectively provided with a sprocket connected with the frame in a shaft way below the seed taking box, and all the sprockets are in transmission connection through a spoon type seed lifting chain (4) penetrating through the seed taking box from bottom to top and the garlic guiding cylinder from top to bottom;
the machine frame is also provided with a stepping motor (5) in transmission connection with one of the chain wheels, a stepping motor driver (6) in electric connection with the stepping motor (5), and a controller (7) in electric connection with the stepping motor driver;
the frame is also fixedly provided with a camera device (8) facing the seed lifting side of the spoon type seed lifting chain;
The detection method comprises the following steps:
Dividing garlic seeds into a plurality of groups according to the size, determining the rotating speeds of a plurality of spoon type seed lifting chains by taking the seed lifting speed of a local actual garlic seeder as a reference, wherein the difference between the determined rotating speed value of the spoon type seed lifting chains and the rotating speed value of the seed lifting chains of the local actual garlic seeder is not more than 10%;
Step two, placing one group of garlic seeds into a seed taking box, starting a stepping motor to rotate sequentially at each determined rotating speed value, wherein each rotating speed value corresponds to 2-5 minutes in rotation time, observing seed lifting conditions by a worker through a camera, recording the total seed lifting number, the seed leakage number and the repeated seed lifting number in the rotating time at each rotating speed value, and calculating the seed leakage rate and the re-sowing rate corresponding to each seed lifting speed according to the total seed lifting number, the seed leakage number and the repeated seed lifting number;
step three, putting the rest garlic seeds into a seed taking box in sequence respectively, and calculating the miss-seeding rate and the replay rate of the garlic seeds with different sizes under different seed lifting speeds according to the step two;
And step four, finding out the optimal seed lifting speed of various garlic seeds according to the miss-seeding rate and the re-seeding rate of the garlic seeds with different seed lifting speeds, and providing a theoretical basis for the improvement of the garlic seeder.
2. The method for detecting the garlic seeder by using the spoon type seed taking, miss-seeding and replay experiment table according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the frame is including supporting the backup pad of getting kind case, and with the backup pad rigid coupling and along two at least trapezoidal landing legs that length direction arranged, the topside length of trapezoidal landing leg is less than the base length, has seted up the through-hole that supplies the spoon to carry kind chain to pass through in the backup pad.
3. The method for detecting the garlic sowing machine spoon type seed taking, missing sowing and rebroadcasting experiment table according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: each side of the trapezoid supporting leg is of a hollow tube structure.
4. The method for detecting the garlic sowing machine spoon type seed taking, missing sowing and rebroadcasting experiment table according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the support plate is provided with a mounting hole for inserting the garlic guide cylinder.
5. The method for detecting the garlic seeder by using the spoon type seed taking, miss-seeding and replay experiment table according to claim 4, wherein: the garlic guide cylinder and the seed taking box are connected with the supporting plate through bolts, and the supporting plate is provided with connecting screw holes.
6. The method for detecting the garlic seeder by using the spoon type seed taking, miss-seeding and replay experiment table according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the output shaft of the stepping motor is fixedly provided with a driving sprocket (14), the sprocket wheel shaft at the lower end of the garlic guide cylinder is fixedly provided with a driven sprocket (12), and the driven sprocket is in transmission connection with the driving sprocket through a transmission chain (13).
7. The method for detecting the garlic seeder by using the spoon type seed taking, miss-seeding and replay experiment table according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the frame is fixedly connected with two vertical rods which are positioned at the outer side of the seed taking box and are parallel to each other, and the camera equipment is fixed on the two vertical rods and is higher than the upper opening of the seed taking box.
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| CN110375979A (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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