CN203912517U - The two strain precision sowers in a kind of corn one cave - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a precise corn planter with one hole and two plants. The seeding device of the seeder includes a seeding drum whose rotation direction is consistent with the advancing direction of the seeder. There are multiple groups of seed suction holes in the direction, and the number of seed suction holes in each group is two. A fixed negative pressure chamber is set in the seeding drum. When the seeding drum rotates through the negative pressure chamber, the seeds are adsorbed on the On the seed suction hole on the wall of the cylinder, with the rotation of the seeding drum, when the position of the suction hole for adsorbing seeds exceeds the negative pressure chamber, the suction force disappears, and the seeds fall into the seeding hopper below the seeding drum, and Drop from the seed opening at the lower end of the seed hopper to complete a sowing. The sowing machine described in the utility model can realize accurate sowing of two corn seeds in one hole.

Description

A precision seeder for double plants in one hole for corn

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machines and tools, and in particular relates to a precision seeder for two plants in one hole of corn.

Background technique

Corn is the second largest grain crop in my country, occupies an extremely important position in grain production, and plays a pivotal role in the national economy. In recent years, my country's corn production has stagnated and needs to be improved urgently. The main way to increase corn production is to increase the density of corn plants, but only increasing the plant density will cause the corn stalks to become thinner, and there is a risk of easy lodging, and the yield will not increase after lodging occurs. Anti general.

Studies have shown that the implementation of double plants in one hole of corn can not only increase the yield but also resist lodging. Two plants in one hole means that two corn plants are planted in one pit. Since the two corn plants are planted together, the root systems of the two corn plants cross each other, which strengthens the root system and enhances the lodging resistance. In the traditional planting method of one hole and one plant, the density of corn plants is 3000-3500 plants/mu, and the yield of corn per mu is generally 400-500kg, while the planting method of two plants in one hole properly increases the number of plants per acre by adjusting the row spacing of corn plants. The number of corn plants can be adjusted to achieve a reasonable allocation in the field. The density of corn plants can reach 5000-6000 plants/mu, and the yield per mu can reach 500-800kg. Therefore, the planting method of double plants in one hole of corn has the characteristics of increasing yield and lodging resistance.

The working performance of the seeder will directly affect the productivity of the sowing operation and the quality of corn seedling emergence. The seed meter is the core component of the corn seeder and the main factor determining the characteristics and working performance of the seeder. The existing seed metering devices for corn planters mainly include: external grooved wheel seed metering device, rotary spoon type seed metering device and air suction single grain seed metering device.

When the outer grooved wheel type seed meter is working, the outer grooved wheel rotates, and the seeds fill the groove of the grooved wheel by gravity, and are carried by the outer grooved wheel to rotate together for forced seeding. Its sowing amount depends on the effective working length of the grooved wheel and During the seeding process, due to the impact of machine vibration, the seeding volume fluctuates, the seeding uniformity is poor, and it is impossible to achieve precise sowing of two plants in one hole.

The rotary spoon seed metering device uses the size of the hole to take seeds to achieve single seed hole sowing and on-demand seeding. Its structure and its adjustment method may easily lead to unstable hole seed numbers, and the number of seeds per drum is inconsistent. When the rotating speed of the drum is low, the filling time is long and there are no holes, but the seed cleaning is not smooth and the number of holes is unstable. When the rotating speed of the drum is high, the filling time is short. It is difficult to operate, and it is impossible to achieve precise sowing of two plants in one hole.

In recent years, with the development of precision seeding technology, a pneumatic vertical disc precision seeder (air-suction single-grain seed meter) has been developed, with one hole and one seed, and its sowing single-grain rate reaches 92%. % or more, the requirements on the germination rate of seeds are very strict, ordinary seeds cannot meet the sowing requirements, and cannot realize the sowing of two seeds in one hole.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a precision seeder for two corn plants in one hole, which can realize the sowing of two corn seeds in each hole during the corn sowing process, and the sowing amount is accurate.

In order to achieve the stated purpose of the utility model, the inventor provides the following technical solutions.

A precision seeder for one hole and two plants of corn, comprising a frame, a seeding device, a soil covering wheel, a ground wheel, and a sowing and ditching device, the seeding device includes a seed box, a bracket, and a seeding hopper, and the seeding device There is at least one device, and it is characterized in that the seed metering device also includes a seed metering drum, a drum shaft, an air extraction pipe, and a support arm, and the support is a rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the support arms are respectively fixed on two on the side;

The shaft of the drum is covered with a shaft sleeve, the shaft of the drum is fixed on the axis of the seeding drum, and the two ends of the shaft of the drum are respectively fixed on the support arm;

The seed box is fixed on the upper part of the bracket, and the seeding drum is horizontally arranged in the bracket, and is located below the seed box. arm;

Two rectangular wall plates are fixed axially on the shaft sleeve, and two fan-shaped end plates are fixed radially. One of the fan-shaped end plates is provided with a through hole, and an exhaust pipe is fixed at the through hole. The shaft sleeve and the rectangular wall plate , the fan-shaped end plate, and the seeding drum form a closed negative pressure chamber, and the negative pressure chamber is located in the upper half of the seeding drum;

There are multiple groups of seed suction holes evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the wall of the seeding drum, and the number of each group of seed suction holes is two, and the seed suction holes are through holes opened on the wall of the drum.

In the above-mentioned precision seeder for two plants in one hole for corn, the diameter of the seed suction hole is 4-5mm.

For the precision seeder with two plants in one hole of corn, the circumferential angle of the fan-shaped end plate is 120°.

For the above-mentioned precision seeder with two plants in one hole of corn, a seed unloading hopper is arranged under the seed box, and a pull-type seed unloading plate is arranged between the seed box and the seed unloading hopper.

For the corn precision seeder with one hole and two plants, the distance between the two seed suction holes in each group is the same, the two seed suction holes are located between the two fan-shaped end plates, and the two seed suction holes in each group are located on the same side. The seed suction holes are arranged radially on the same circle on the seed row.

For the corn one-hole double-plant precision seeder described above, a baffle is set above the seed box at the position corresponding to the rectangular wall plate of the negative pressure chamber, and two gaps corresponding to the positions of the seed suction holes are provided on the bottom of the baffle.

For the precision seeder with two plants in one hole of corn described above, the number of the sowing and ditching devices is the same as that of the seeding devices.

The precision seeder for corn with one hole and two plants described above also includes fertilization and ditching devices and fertilization devices, the number of fertilization devices is the same as the number of fertilization and ditching devices, and the number is the same as the number of seeding devices.

The above precision seeder for one hole and two plants of corn, the precision seeder also includes a pressing wheel, the pressing wheel is located behind the soil covering wheel, the number of the covering wheel and the pressing wheel is the same, and the number of the sowing ditching device is the same.

For the precision seeder with two plants in one hole of corn, the precision seeder is fixed with a suspension arm on the frame, and the suspension arm is located on the frame at one side of the sowing and ditching device.

The planter described in the utility model is provided with a negative pressure chamber inside the seeding drum, and two seed suction holes are arranged in each row along the axial direction on the seeding drum, which can ensure that the seeding drum rotates once Simultaneously absorbs two corn seeds. The baffle installed on the top of the seed box corresponding to the edge of the negative pressure chamber can scrape off the excess seeds adsorbed on the seeding drum, which can further ensure the accuracy of the number of seeds sown.

The seeder described in the utility model is also provided with a seed unloading plate at the bottom of the seed box, and a seed unloading bucket is arranged directly below the seed unloading plate, so that the remaining seeds in the seed box can be quickly collected when the sowing is completed or the seeds need to be replaced. , No seed is left in the seed box, so that the seeds in the front and rear sowing areas do not mix. This process is easy to operate, and the seed cleaning is fast and reliable, which improves the operating efficiency of the seeder.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structural diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the seed metering device.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the seed metering device.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structural view of the seeding drum.

Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the negative pressure chamber.

The meanings of the symbols in the figure are: 1 frame, 2 seeding device, 3 pressing wheel, 4 covering wheel, 5 ground wheel, 6 sowing ditch device, 7 fertilizing and ditching device, 8 fertilizing device, 9 suspension arm, 10 seeds, 21 seed boxes, 22 drum shafts, 23 brackets, 24 seed row drums, 25 exhaust pipes, 26 U-shaped bolts, 27 seed unloading hoppers, 28 seed unloading plates, 29 baffles, 210 seed row hoppers, 241 sectors End plate, 242 wall plate, 243 negative pressure chamber, 244 support arm, 245 seed suction hole, 246 flange, 247 axle sleeve.

Detailed ways

The utility model provides a precision corn planter with two plants in one hole, which realizes the precise sowing of two corn seeds in one hole.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, the precision seeder for one hole and two plants of corn described in the utility model includes a frame 1, a seeding device 2, a soil covering wheel 4, a ground wheel 5, and a sowing ditching device 6, and the seeding device 2 includes a seed box 21, a bracket 23, and a seed bucket 210, and the seed metering device 2 is at least one, and the seed metering device 2 also includes a seed metering drum 24, a drum shaft 22, an air extraction pipe 25, and a support arm 244 , the bracket 23 is a rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the arms 244 are respectively fixed on two opposite sides of the bracket 23;

The drum shaft 22 is covered with a shaft sleeve 247, the drum shaft 22 is fixed on the axis of the seeding drum 24, and the two ends of the drum shaft 22 are respectively fixed on the support arms 244;

The seed box 21 is fixed on the top of the support 23, and the seeding drum 24 is horizontally arranged in the bracket 23, and is positioned below the seed box 21. The circumferential surface of the seeding drum 24 is tangent to the bottom of the seed box 21. The two circular end surfaces face the support arm 244 respectively;

On the shaft sleeve 247, two rectangular wall plates 242 are fixed axially, and two fan-shaped end plates 241 are fixed radially, and one of the fan-shaped end plates 241 is provided with a through hole, and an exhaust pipe 25 is fixed at the through hole. The sleeve 247, the rectangular wall plate 242, the fan-shaped end plate 241, and the seeding drum 24 form a closed negative pressure chamber 243, and the negative pressure chamber 243 is located in the upper half of the seeding drum 24;

There are many groups of seed suction holes 245 evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the cylinder wall of the seeding drum 24, and the number of each group of seed suction holes 245 is two, and the seed suction holes 245 are through holes provided on the cylinder wall.

The diameter of the seed suction hole 245 is 4-5mm.

The circular angle of the fan-shaped end plate 241 is 120°.

A seed unloading hopper 27 is arranged below the seed box 21 , and a pull-out seed unloading plate 28 is arranged between the seed box 21 and the seed unloading bucket 27 .

The distance between the two seed suction holes 245 of each group is the same, and the two seed suction holes 245 are all located between the two fan-shaped end plates 241, and the seed suction holes 245 on the same side in each group are rotated during the seeding rotation. The tubes 24 are arranged on the same circumference in the radial direction.

A baffle 29 is provided above the seed box 21 corresponding to the position of the rectangular wall plate 242 of the negative pressure chamber 243 , and two gaps corresponding to the positions of the seed suction holes 245 are provided on the bottom of the baffle 29 .

The number of the seeding and ditching devices 6 is the same as that of the seeding devices 2 .

The precision seeder also includes a fertilization ditching device 7 and a fertilization device 8 , the number of the fertilization device 8 is the same as that of the fertilization ditching device 7 , and the number of the seeding device 2 is the same.

The precision seeder also includes a pressing wheel 3, which is located behind the soil covering wheel 4, and the number of the covering wheel 4 and the pressing wheel 3 is the same, and the number of the sowing ditching device 6 is the same.

The precision seeder is fixed with a suspension arm 9 on the frame 1, and the suspension arm 9 is located on the frame 1 on one side of the sowing ditching device 6.

The working process of the planter described in the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The supporting power of the planter described in the utility model is a small tractor with 15-20 horsepower. The planter is connected to the rear of the tractor through the suspension arm 9, and the fan is fixed on the front bumper of the tractor. The tractor drives the fan to rotate at high speed through the belt. The suction port is connected with the negative pressure chamber 243 through the suction pipe 25 .

The transmission relationship of the seeder is that a sprocket is set on the main shaft used to connect the two ground wheels 5, and a chain is set between the sprocket and the sprocket arranged at one end of the rotating drum shaft 22 of the seeding drum 24, when the seeding machine When advancing under the lead of the tractor, the ground wheel 5 rotates, driving the sprocket wheel on the ground wheel 5 to rotate, and the chain drives the rotating drum shaft 22 on the seeding drum 24 to rotate, thereby driving the seeding drum 24 to rotate.

When the seeder is working, the tractor drives the fan to rotate, and the negative pressure chamber 243 is pumped into a negative pressure, and the negative pressure chamber 243 generates suction to suck the seeds in the seed box. When the seed suction hole 245 of the seeding drum 24 turns over the negative pressure chamber 243 and rotates upwards through the baffle plate 29, the gap provided on the baffle plate 29 only allows one seed to pass through, and the redundant seeds are scraped off. After the seeding drum 24 turns over the negative pressure chamber 243, the suction disappears, and the seeds slide into the seeding hopper 210 under the action of its own gravity, and fall from the seeding opening at the lower end of the seeding hopper 210 into the hole excavated by the sowing ditching device. In the ditch, the covering soil and the pressing wheel are suppressed successively through the covering wheel 4, and the sowing process is completed.

In order to prevent the seeds from being stuck together with the seed suction holes 245 and not falling down, a plastic seed cleaning plate can also be set at the bottom of the seed row 24 to ensure that the two seeds that are adsorbed in each group of seed suction holes slide into the row. In the seed hopper, ensure the number of sowing seeds of two seeds per hole.

After sowing, loosen the wing nut on the top of the seed unloading plate 28, pull up the unloading plate 28, and the remaining seeds will drop along the gap and fall into the unloading bucket 27, and the remaining seeds will be collected conveniently and quickly. There will be no residual seeds in the seed box 21, which avoids the mixing of seeds when sowing next time.

During the use of the seeder, one hole in each group of seed suction holes on the seeding drum can be blocked with a countersunk bolt according to needs, so as to realize the sowing of a single corn plant in one hole.

Claims (10)

1. a hole two plant precision planter for corn, comprising frame (1), seeding device (2), soil covering wheel (4), ground wheel (5), sowing ditching device (6), described The seed metering device (2) comprises a seed box (21), a support (23), and a seed metering bucket (210), and the seed metering device (2) is at least one, and it is characterized in that the seed metering device (2) is also Comprise seeding drum (24), drum shaft (22), air extraction pipe (25), support arm (244), described support (23) is the framework of cuboid shape, support arm (244) is respectively fixed on support ( 23) on two opposite sides; The drum shaft (22) is covered with an axle sleeve (247), the drum shaft (22) is fixed on the axis of the seeding drum (24), and the two ends of the drum shaft (22) are respectively fixed on the support arm (244 )superior; The seed box (21) is fixed on the top of the support (23), and the seed row (24) is horizontally arranged in the support (23), and is positioned below the seed box (21). The bottom of the box (21) is tangent, and the two circular end faces of the seeding drum (24) face the support arm (244) respectively; Two rectangular wall plates (242) are fixed axially on the shaft sleeve (247), and two fan-shaped end plates (241) are fixed radially, and a through hole is provided on one of the fan-shaped end plates (241). A suction pipe (25) is fixed at the place, and a shaft sleeve (247), a rectangular wall plate (242), a fan-shaped end plate (241), and a seeding drum (24) form a closed negative pressure chamber (243). (243) is positioned at the upper half of seeding rotating cylinder (24); There are many groups of seed suction holes (245) arranged evenly along the circumferential direction on the cylinder wall of the seeding rotating drum (24), and the number of each group of seed suction holes (245) is two, and the seed suction holes (245) are cylinders. Holes made in the wall. 2. The precision seeder for two plants in one hole for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the seed suction hole (245) is 4-5 mm. 3. A precision seeder for two plants in one corn hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, the circular angle of the fan-shaped end plate (241) is 120°. 4. A kind of precision seeder for one hole and two plants of corn according to claim 1, characterized in that, a seed unloading bucket (27) is arranged below the seed box (21), and the seed box (21) is connected with the unloading box. A pull-out seed unloading plate (28) is arranged between the seed buckets (27). 5. a kind of corn one hole double plant precision seeder according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the distance between the two seed suction holes (245) of each group is identical, two seed suction holes ( 245) are located between the two fan-shaped end plates (241), and the seed suction holes (245) on the same side in each group are arranged radially on the same circumference on the seeding drum (24). 6. The precision seeder with two plants in one hole for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that a stopper is set at the position corresponding to the rectangular wall plate (242) of the negative pressure chamber (243) above the seed box (21) Plate (29), the bottom edge of baffle plate (29) is provided with two breaches corresponding to the seed suction hole (245) position. 7. The precision seeder for double plants in one hole of corn according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the sowing ditching device (6) is the same as that of the seeding device (2). 8. a kind of corn one hole double plant precision seeder according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described precision seeder also comprises fertilization ditching device (7) and fertilization device (8), fertilization device ( 8) The quantity is identical with the quantity of the fertilization ditching device (7), and is identical with the quantity of the seeding device (2). 9. A kind of precision seeder for one hole and two plants of corn according to claim 1, characterized in that, the precision seeder also includes a pressing wheel (3), and the pressing wheel (3) is positioned at the covering wheel (4) At the rear, the number of covering wheels (4) and pressing wheels (3) is the same, and the number of the sowing ditching device (6) is the same. 10. a kind of corn one hole double plant precision seeder according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described precision seeder is fixed with suspension arm (9) on frame (1), suspension arm (9) ) is located on the frame (1) on one side of the seeding ditching device (6).