CN110374719A - 一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置 - Google Patents

一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置 Download PDF

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CN110374719A
CN110374719A CN201910754493.0A CN201910754493A CN110374719A CN 110374719 A CN110374719 A CN 110374719A CN 201910754493 A CN201910754493 A CN 201910754493A CN 110374719 A CN110374719 A CN 110374719A
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filter core
stainless steel
carbon granules
steel filter
diesel engine
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刘柳成林
刘光文
杨晓桐
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    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/0335—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with exhaust silencers in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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Abstract

本发明涉及内燃机尾气处理、纳米石墨烯碳粒提取领域，尤其是一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置。包括进气管、进气消音器、DOC催化单元、气流挡板、第一级不锈钢滤芯、第二级不锈钢滤芯、碳粒收集器、出气管，气流挡板位于DOC催化单元与第一级不锈钢滤芯之间，第一级不锈钢滤芯和第二级不锈钢滤芯下部有碳粒收集器。脉冲气管与空压机气罐之间有脉冲电磁阀，脉冲控制器控制脉冲电磁阀。不锈钢滤芯具有不堵塞、耐高温、耐腐蚀、容易清理、提取纳米石墨烯等特点，滤芯无需拆下维护，使用方便，提高机械车辆的使用率。

Description

一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置
技术领域
本发明涉及内燃机尾气处理领域，尤其是一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化器及获得优质纳米石墨烯碳粒。
背景技术
随着中国经济的持续发展，对环保的要求也越来越高。目前，内燃机是广泛的机械驱动动力，由此也带来尾气排放问题。现有的柴油机尾气技术处理是采用DOC+DPF的形式。这种形式的处理方式，存在处理容易造成堵塞的问题，堵塞之后需要拆下来进行维护保养或者更换。对于排气黑烟量大的柴油机，特别是工程机械使用的柴油机，由于使用工况差，频繁的急速加大油门导致产生大量黑烟，大量黑烟的产生很容易将DPF完全堵塞。采用这种技术一般几天甚至几个小时就需要拆下DPF进行维护，当没有及时维护会形成强大的背压使之DPF拦截载体移位导致损坏DPF拦截载体，这样难以达到真正的减排，而且DPF维护需要大量的时间，这导致车辆的使用率不高，影响整体的经济效益。针对上述问题，有必要开发的一种新型柴油内燃机脉冲净化器，解决黑烟问题，并且滤芯不堵塞，滤芯无需拆下维护，同时通过这种脉冲反吹形式获得优质的纳米石墨烯碳粒，从而让内燃机变成了优质纳米石墨烯碳粒生产工厂，这种优质纳米石墨烯应用范围非常广泛，据检索核查，世界上无任何设备生产出柴油燃料做为物料生产这种优质纳米石墨烯，因此本内燃机脉冲净化器即是大气雾霾治理的同时让内燃机变成了优质纳米石墨烯生产工厂，即提高机械车辆的使用率，有对环保有积极贡献，也获得了独一无二的优质纳米石墨烯碳粒。
发明内容
本发明目的是提出一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，维护方便，不堵塞滤芯。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，包括进气管、进气消音器、DOC催化单元、气流挡板、第一级不锈钢滤芯、第二级不锈钢滤芯、碳粒收集器、出气管，进气管与进气消音器连接，进气消音器另一端与DOC催化单元连接，气流挡板位于DOC催化单元与第一级不锈钢滤芯之间，第一级不锈钢滤芯通过连接法兰固定，第二级不锈钢滤芯通过连接法兰与排气管连接。脉冲气管与第一级不锈钢滤芯和第二级不锈钢滤芯连通，脉冲气管与空压机气罐之间有脉冲电磁阀，脉冲控制器控制脉冲电磁阀。第一级不锈钢滤芯和第二级不锈钢滤芯下部有优质纳米石墨烯碳粒收集器。气流挡板能够防止气流将沉积的固体碳粒再次吹起。沉积的碳粒经过一段时间的沉积之后，扭开拆下优质纳米石墨烯碳粒收集器，获得内部优质纳米石墨烯碳粒。优质纳米石墨烯碳粒收集器通过管螺纹与筒体连接。压缩空气从压缩空气接口注入到缓冲气罐内。
一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化器及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，采用DOC+两级耐高温和高目数不锈钢滤芯的处理模式。DOC主要用以氧化尾气中的CO、HC、PM。两级高目数不锈钢滤芯将PM碳粒进行拦截，防止其排入大气中。第一级采用1000~4000目不锈钢滤芯拦截大颗粒，第二级采用6000~8000目的不锈钢滤芯拦截小颗粒。当不锈钢滤芯拦截了一段时间的PM碳粒后，用脉冲式压缩空气流分别对两级不锈钢滤芯进行反向冲吹，将附着在不锈钢滤芯上的PM碳粒吹落，PM碳粒将沉积在颗粒收集器内。当足够多的纳米石墨烯碳粒沉积之后，可以拆开碳粒收集器，将纳米石墨烯碳粒进行取出。
本脉冲净化提取纳米石墨烯碳粒装置所需的压缩空气可以由发动机自带气泵提供，也可以由一个DC12-24V逆变器驱动AC220V电动空压机提供。脉冲电磁阀使压缩空气以脉冲的形式喷入不锈钢滤芯内。脉冲控制器可以调节脉冲宽度及时间间隔。
第一级不锈钢滤芯水平布置，这样有利于碳颗粒的沉积和收集。第一级不锈钢滤芯采用1000~4000目滤芯，可根据柴油机排量大小选择不同大小的滤芯，也可以安装单个及多个滤芯组合。第二级不锈钢滤芯水平布置，这样有利于碳颗粒的沉积和收集。第二级不锈钢滤芯采用6000~8000目滤芯，可根据柴油机排量大小选择不同大小的滤芯，也可以安装单个及多个滤芯组合。
脉冲净化提取优质纳米石墨烯装置的进出气管的布置形式有侧进轴出，轴进轴出，轴进侧出，侧进侧出四种形式。
本发明的有益效果是：不锈钢滤芯具有不堵塞、耐高温、耐腐蚀、容易清理、提取纳米石墨烯碳粒等特点，滤芯无需拆下维护，使用方便，提高机械车辆的使用率，对环保有积极贡献、提取纳米优质石墨烯碳粒的特点。
附图说明
附图1 本发明系统示意图；
附图2 脉冲净化器结构示意图；
附图3 脉冲净化器A-A剖视图；
附图4 脉冲净化器B-B剖视图；
附图5 脉冲净化器C-C剖视图；
附图6 轴进轴出示意图；
附图7 轴进侧出示意图；
附图8 侧进侧出示意图。
附图标号说明：1、进气管，2、进气消音器，3、DOC催化单元，4、气流挡板，5、第一级不锈钢滤芯， 6、第二级不锈钢滤芯，7、颗粒收集器，8、连接法兰，9、压缩空气接口，10、缓冲气罐，11、出气管，12、脉冲气管，13、脉冲电磁阀，14、脉冲控制器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明技术方案做进一步描述。
实施例1
如附图1和附图2所示，一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，包括进气管1、进气消音器2、DOC催化单元3、气流挡板4、第一级不锈钢滤芯5、第二级不锈钢滤芯6、碳粒收集器7、出气管11，进气管1与进气消音器2连接，进气消音器2另一端与DOC催化单元3连接，气流挡板4位于DOC催化单元3与第一级不锈钢滤芯5之间，第一级不锈钢滤芯5通过连接法兰8固定，第二级不锈钢滤芯6通过连接法兰与出气管连接。脉冲气管12与第一级不锈钢滤芯5和第二级不锈钢滤芯6连通，脉冲气管12与空压机气罐之间有脉冲电磁阀13，脉冲控制器14控制脉冲电磁阀。第一级不锈钢滤芯5和第二级不锈钢滤芯6下部有碳粒收集器7。气流挡板4能够防止气流将沉积的固体碳粒再次吹起。沉积的碳粒经过一段时间的沉积之后，拆下碳粒收集器7，清理提取内部的碳粒。碳粒收集器7通过管螺纹与筒体连接。压缩空气从压缩空气接口注入到缓冲气罐10内。
一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，采用DOC+两级耐高温和高目数不锈钢滤芯的处理模式。DOC主要用以氧化尾气中的CO、HC、PM。两级高目数不锈钢滤芯将PM碳粒进行拦截，防止其排入大气中。第一级不锈钢滤芯5采用1000~4000目不锈钢滤芯拦截大颗粒，第二级不锈钢滤芯6采用6000~8000目的不锈钢滤芯拦截小颗粒。当不锈钢滤芯拦截了一段时间的碳粒后，用脉冲式压缩空气流分别对两级不锈钢滤芯进行反向冲吹，将附着在不锈钢滤芯上的碳粒吹落，碳粒将沉积在碳粒收集器内。当足够多的碳粒沉积之后，可以拆开碳粒收集器，将碳粒进行取出。
图3是一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置的A-A剖视图。如图3所示，缓冲气罐10内的压缩空气经过脉冲电磁阀13之后变成脉冲压缩空气之后通过脉冲气管12注入第一级不锈钢滤芯5和第二级不锈钢滤芯6内，将附着在不锈钢滤芯上的固体碳粒弹开清除到碳粒收集器7。脉冲电磁阀的脉冲宽度及时间间隔由脉冲控制器14进行调节。脉冲净化器所需的压缩空气可以由发动机自带气泵提供，也可以由一个DC12-24V逆变器驱动AC220V电动空压机提供。脉冲电磁阀使压缩空气以脉冲的形式喷入不锈钢滤芯内。
图4是一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置的B-B剖视图。如图4所示，两个第一级不锈钢滤芯5水平布置，有利于碳颗粒的沉积和收集。第一级不锈钢滤芯采用1000~4000目滤芯，可根据柴油机排量大小选择不同大小的滤芯，也可以安装单个及多个滤芯组合。
图5是一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置的C-C剖视图。如图5所示，两个第二级不锈钢滤芯6水平布置，有利于碳粒的沉积和收集。第二级不锈钢滤芯采用6000~8000目滤芯，可根据柴油机排量大小选择不同大小的滤芯，也可以安装单个及多个滤芯组合。
侧进轴出的形式如图2所示，进气管1位于左侧上方，进气消音器2位于进气管1下方，竖直排列；出气管11位于右侧中部水平轴线上，水平排列。
本发明的有益效果是：不锈钢滤芯具有不堵塞、耐高温、耐腐蚀、容易清理、获得稀缺纳米石墨烯碳粒等特点，滤芯无需拆下维护，使用方便，提高车辆的使用率，对环保有积极贡献、获得稀缺纳米石墨烯碳粒的特点。
实施例2
轴进轴出的形式如图6所示，进气管1和出气管11位于一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置左右两侧的水平轴线上。其余同实施例1。
实施例3
轴进侧出的形式如图7所示，进气管1位于一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置左端的轴线上。出气管11位于一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置右侧向上布置，从右侧向上排气。其余同实施例1。
实施例4
侧进侧出的形式如图8所示。进气管1位于一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置左侧，和进气消音器2一起竖直布置，尾气从左侧上部进入柴油内燃机脉冲净化装置。出气管11位于柴油内燃机脉冲净化装置有侧向上布置，从右侧向上排气。其余同实施例1。

Claims (7)

1.一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，包括进气管（1）、进气消音器（2）、DOC催化单元（3）、气流挡板（4）、第一级不锈钢滤芯（5）、第二级不锈钢滤芯（6）、碳粒收集器（7）、出气管（11），其特征在于：进气管（1）与进气消音器（2）连接，进气消音器（2）另一端与DOC催化单元（3）连接，气流挡板（4）位于DOC催化单元（3）与第一级不锈钢滤芯（5）之间，第一级不锈钢滤芯（5）通过连接法兰（8）固定，第二级不锈钢滤芯（6）通过连接法兰与出气管（11）连接；脉冲气管（12）与第一级不锈钢滤芯（5）和第二级不锈钢滤芯（6）连通，脉冲气管（12）与空压机气罐之间有脉冲电磁阀（13），脉冲控制器（14）控制脉冲电磁阀；第一级不锈钢滤芯（5）和第二级不锈钢滤芯（6）下部有碳粒收集器（7）；碳粒收集器（7）通过管螺纹与筒体连接；压缩空气从压缩空气接口注入到缓冲气罐（10）内。
2.如权利要求1所述一种柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，其特征在于：第一级不锈钢滤芯（5）和第二级不锈钢滤芯（6）水平布置。
3.如权利要求2所述柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，其特征在于：第一级不锈钢滤芯（5）采用1000~4000目滤芯，第二级不锈钢滤芯（6）采用6000~8000目滤芯。
4.如权利要求1所述柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，其特征在于：进气管（1）位于左侧上方，进气消音器（2）位于进气管（1）下方，竖直排列；出气管（11）位于右侧中部轴线上，水平排列。
5.如权利要求1所述柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，其特征在于：进气管（1）和出气管（11）位于柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置左右两侧的轴线上。
6.如权利要求1所述柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，其特征在于：进气管（1）位于柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置左端的轴线上，出气管（11）位于柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置右侧向上布置。
7.如权利要求1所述柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置，其特征在于：进气管（1）位于柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置左侧，和进气消音器（2）一起竖直布置，出气管（11）位于柴油内燃机脉冲净化及提取优质纳米石墨烯碳粒装置右侧向上布置。
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