CN110372438A - A kind of fertilizer special for vegetable material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of fertilizer special for vegetable material and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110372438A CN110372438A CN201910562659.9A CN201910562659A CN110372438A CN 110372438 A CN110372438 A CN 110372438A CN 201910562659 A CN201910562659 A CN 201910562659A CN 110372438 A CN110372438 A CN 110372438A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fertilizer special for vegetable material and its preparation method and application, which includes function bacterium, antibacterial antiviral agents and mixed mineral particulate vector；The function bacterium and antibacterial antiviral agents are adsorbed in the mixed mineral particulate vector, and the function bacterium includes high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, and the antibacterial antiviral agents are laminarin and chlorogenic acid.The fertilizer special for vegetable material has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and potassium decomposing, applied once meets vegetables full growing season section to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition demand, fertilizer efficiency is lasting, nutrient supply is balanced, improves soil, overcomes continuous cropping obstacle, enhance disease resistance of plant, it is environmental-friendly, the yield and quality of vegetables is improved, realizes the sustainable production of quality vegetables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, particularly relate to a kind of have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the vegetables of potassium decomposing are dedicated
Fertilizer.
Background technique
Inorganic nutrients necessary to plant growth are N, P, K (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) three big element.Nitrogen is protein, nucleic acid, phosphatide
Main component, and this three is the important component of plasm, nucleus and biomembrane, they are accounted in vital movement
There is special role, wherein nitrogen is otherwise known as the element of life.Vegetables are in great demand to N, P, K, apply fertilizer in vegetables production
Purpose is exactly to meet its needs to three big elements.
In agricultural production the supply main source of nitrogenous fertilizer be people applied into soil humans and animals excrement, urea,
The fertilizer such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, wherein being that chemically synthesized nitrogenous fertilizer synthesizes ammonia in addition to night soil.Usually apply
Phosphate fertilizer is mainly calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate and Diammonium phosphate (DAP).The potash fertilizer of application be mainly potassium chloride,
Potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate (monopotassium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, PA 800K, potassium polyphosphate) and plant ash, wherein removing
It is also synthetics outside plant ash.
China begins to use chemical fertilizer (synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound) after the 1950s, and especially 20
Since the eighties in century in agricultural volume increase and increasing income, a large amount of uses of chemical fertilizer are performed meritorious deeds never to be obliterated.But more than 40 Nian great Liang of process are applied
With chemical fertilizer, also gradually expose that soil acidification, salination, impoverishment, hardened, agricultural product quality is relatively low and pollution of area source aggravates etc.
Some defects.So being secure an adequate supply according to China's environment and the bearing capacity in arable land, sustainability, consumer demand difference
On the basis of amount meets, with biological organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer replacing fertilizer, Efforts To Develop soil improvement improves agricultural product quality,
It is still a very difficult task.
As it can be seen that in order to solve, above-mentioned soil acidification, salination, impoverishment, agricultural product quality is relatively low and pollution of area source aggravates
Etc. some defects, a variety of improved procedures are proposed in the prior art, as patent CN101709018A discloses a kind of bulky grain fertilizer
Material, discloses " according to the fertilizer requirement and uptake characters of Different Crop, by compound fertilizer, Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, nitrogen, potash fertilizer compound fertilizer, controlled release
Nitrogen, K composite fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer are made 2~500 grams, 2.5~12 centimetres of particle diameter " technical solution, however, should
Bulky grain fertilizer is mainly made of inorganic and organic chemical fertilizer, long-term or be used for multiple times and will cause soil hardening, fertility decline；Together
When, propose water-soluble fertilizer in the prior art, for opposite common fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer have save it is artificial, save water resource,
A variety of advantages such as easy-to-use, water-soluble fertilizer on the market includes the multiple types such as trickle irrigation is used, punching is applied, slight irrigation is used now,
While having the above advantages, there is also some drawbacks of common fertilizer for water-soluble fertilizer；In general, a large amount of in water-soluble fertilizer
The raw materials for production of element are also only to be mentioned in water-soluble and insoluble matter residual using common npk nutrient raw material
Height, there is no the forms and physicochemical properties that inherently change nutrient, this leads to the common npk nutrient in Water soluble fertilizer
Utilization rate in soil is still very low, wherein nitrogen nutrient be largely lost or denitrification after become gaseous nitrogen oxide enter it is big
Gas, and phosphorus and potassium then become invalid state by soil fixing, while water-soluble fertilizer, due to having the convenience of application, peasant household is applying
During often application is excessive or application is excessively frequent, this causes soil acidification, secondary salinization and soil-borne disease again
Evil frequently occurs.
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer refers to the product of a kind of microorganism containing different types of work, can pass through microorganism
Not available important nutrition is strictly converted to the substance that can be absorbed and used by plants by specific function, promotes the new old generation of plant
It thanks, adjusts the growth of plant.Bio-bacterial manure be manured into soil in can effectively enhance edaphon activity and promote soil
The growth and breeding of middle microorganism and the secretory volume for improving relevant enzyme.Due in bio-feritlizer containing there are many non-pathogenic microorganism, because
During growth and breeding, the metabolism such as all kinds of microbes secretion Multiple Classes of Antibiotics, auxin and insect killing substance are produced for this
Object, this can not only inhibit the growth and breeding of pathogenic microorganism, moreover it is possible to which the growth for promoting plant improves the resistance of plant.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming of the relevant technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of fertilizer special for vegetable material and preparation method thereof
And application, the fertilizer special for vegetable material have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and potassium decomposing, applied once meet vegetable growth season to nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium nutrition demand, completely substitution synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound (chemical fertilizer), improve soil, overcome continuous cropping obstacle,
And the yield and quality of vegetables can be improved.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, it is provided by the invention it is a kind of have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material, packet
Include function bacterium, antibacterial antiviral agents and mixed mineral particulate vector；The function bacterium and antibacterial antiviral agents are adsorbed in the composite ore
In composition granule carrier, the function bacterium includes high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria, and the antibacterial antiviral agents are laminarin
And chlorogenic acid；
The high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium, is named as SDTB-0031, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17634；
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria, is named as SDTB-0041, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17636；
The potassium solubilizing bacteria, is named as SDTB-0051, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17638；
The mixed mineral particulate vector includes each component of following parts by weight: 20-50 parts of peat soils, 5-20 parts of carbon phosphorus ashes
Stone, 5-20 parts of potassium shale, 3-5 parts of zincblende stones, 3-5 parts of giobertites, 5-20 parts of sepiolites, 5-20 parts of clays and 0.5-2 parts
Trapping agent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose；The dosage of the laminarin is 0.02-0.5 parts, and the dosage of the chlorogenic acid is 0.1-
0.5 part.
The present invention obtains the mixed mineral particle with porous structure by being modified to multi mineral powder body material, and
Function bacterium, laminarin and chlorogenic acid are adsorbed in the particulate vector using mixed mineral particle as carrier, are made not
Containing synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound characteristic natural green fertilizer, play applied once meet full growing season section nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium nutrition demand have achieved the effect that nutrient supply is balanced lasting, and provide minerals abundant and micro for vegetables
Element source；The addition of mixed mineral particle with porous structure can improve soil texture, conducive to functional microorganism breeding,
The conversion of nutrient and activating soil, nutrition supply are balanced；Laminarin and chlorogenic acid can inhibit infecting for pathogen in soil, mention
High vegetable disease-resistant and overcome soil continuous cropping obstacle.Have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material can be mentioned significantly
The yield and quality of high vegetables.Relative to existing organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, dose is few, and each Growing season only applies 1
Secondary, nutrient supply is balanced persistently to save labor, and enhances disease resistance of plant, overcomes continuous cropping obstacle, good quality and high output is environment friendly and pollution-free.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particulate vector is by including the days such as peat soil, mixed mineral particle, clay
Right mineral material is granulated after being captured with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and is made, specifically, the preparation of the mixed mineral particulate vector
Method includes the following steps:
(a) by 20-50 parts of peat soils, 5-20 parts of carbonatoapatites, 5-20 parts of potassium shale, 3-5 parts of zincblende stones, 3-5 portions of water chestnuts
Magnesium ore, 5-20 part sepiolite, 5-20 parts of clays are crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, form natural mixed mineral powder；
(b) by 0.5-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl celluloses be configured to mass concentration be 5% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose it is water-soluble
Liquid；
In natural mixed mineral powder input mixer, 5% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution is sprayed under stiring, it will
The capture of mineral powder body material；
(c) the mineral powder body material after capturing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer granulation, and by composite ore
The composite ore containing various nutrient elements and porous structure is made in 150-200 DEG C of dryness finalization, quenching to room temperature in composition granule
Composition granule carrier.
Based on identical inventive concept, have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the vegetables of potassium decomposing are special the present invention also provides above-mentioned
With the preparation method of fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1) using mineral powder body material (peat soil, carbonatoapatite, potassium shale, zincblende stone, giobertite, sepiolite,
Clay) and trapping agent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose be raw material prepare mixed mineral particulate vector；
(2) high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria are inoculated in first cell culture medium respectively to cultivate, obtain level-one bacterium
Kind；
First class inoculum is inoculated in secondary medium respectively to cultivate, obtains second class inoculum；
Second class inoculum is inoculated in fermentation medium respectively to cultivate, obtains fermented liquid by functional bacteria；The fermentation liquid is
The mother liquor of high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium thallus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria thallus and potassium solubilizing bacteria thallus.
(3) laminarin and chlorogenic acid are dissolved in water, then the fermentation liquid with high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria respectively
Be uniformly mixed, mixed mineral particulate vector is sprayed, make high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium thallus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria thallus and potassium solubilizing bacteria thallus with
And laminarin and chlorogenic acid are adsorbed in mixed mineral particulate vector, obtain having effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the vegetables of potassium decomposing
Dedicated fertilizer.
Laminarin can be extracted from kelp, and chlorogenic acid can be extracted from honeysuckle, in the present invention, laminarin and green
Ortho acid is commercially available.
Based on identical inventive concept, have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the vegetables of potassium decomposing are special the present invention also provides above-mentioned
With the application of fertilizer, (1) for solanaceous vegetables and melon-fruit-like vegetable, such as cucumber, cucurbita pepo, tomato, capsicum, eggplant, in vegetables
Before plantation, cave is applied or ditch spread, then the root system of transplanted seedling is first embedded in fertilizer special for vegetable material, then blinding, and sprinkle profoundly water therewith
?；Dose: dosage is calculated according to the 8%~10% of yield；(2) for pod fruit type vegetable, such as cowpea, kidney bean, oily beans,
Before vegetable cultivation, cave is applied or ditch spread, is then directly embedded to seed in fertilizer special for vegetable material, then blinding, and sprinkle profoundly water therewith
, dose: dosage is calculated according to the 4%~5% of yield；(3) for leaf vegetables, for example, celery, leek, rape,
Wild cabbage, Chinese cabbage are uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields or ditch spread before vegetable cultivation, and then seed is directly seeded in fertilizer special for vegetable material, then
Blinding, and sprinkle profoundly water therewith, dose: dosage is calculated according to the 3%~4% of yield.
In some embodiments of the invention, various vegetables each season of growth or 1 vegetables of every batch application are dedicated
Fertilizer, and sprinkle profoundly water in time.
The present invention by by 20-50 parts of peat soils, 5-20 parts of carbonatoapatites, 5-20 parts of potassium shale, 3-5 parts of zincblende stones,
3-5 parts of giobertites, 5-20 parts of sepiolites and 5-20 parts of clays carry out being crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, form natural composite ore
Object powder crushes and in input mixer, sprays into 5% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution under stiring, powder mineral material is captureed
Obtain, be granulated through pelletizer, and by particle in 150-200 DEG C of dryness finalization, quenching to room temperature, be made various nutrient elements and
The mixed mineral particle of porous structure.The function bacterium adsorbed on above-mentioned particulate vector contains useful Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacillus breeding
High-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium (SDTB-0031), fixed nitrogen level compared with Natural strains improve 62.7 times；With degrading organic phosphor pesticides bacillus
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0041) of breeding, directly can be changed into water-soluble phosphorus for the phosphorus in carbonatoapatite；With degradation carbamates
Potassium in potassium shale can be become water-soluble potassium by the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0051) of the bacillus breeding of pesticide；With peat soil,
The natural minerals material such as mixed mineral particle and clay is granulated into particulate vector, and function bacterium, laminarin and chlorogenic acid are adsorbed
In carrier, become the characteristic natural green fertilizer without synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound.The fertilizer can be according to vegetables
To nutrient demands such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen is obtained from atmosphere by high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria are from mixed mineral
Rapid available phosphorus and available potassium are dissociateed in the minerals being rich in particle and soil；The organic matters such as mixed mineral particle and peat soil carry
Body and soil can provide middle microelement, meet the nutrition supply of vegetables and crops comprehensively.The product can substitute chemistry completely
Ammonia, phosphorus compound, potassium compound (chemical fertilizer), organic fertilizer and all fertilizer are synthesized, the nutrient requirement of vegetables full growing season section is met.
And the porous structure that the mixed mineral particle has can guarantee the loose of soil, adjust and buffer the pH value of soil, improvement
Soil；Natural laminarin and chlorogenic acid can inhibit infecting, enhancing disease resistance of plant and soil is overcome to connect for pathogen in soil
Make obstacle.This has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material are able to satisfy vegetables full growing season section nutrition supply, fertilizer
Persistently, nutrient supply is balanced for effect, improves soil, overcomes continuous cropping obstacle, improves disease resistance of plant, and good quality and high output is environmental-friendly, real
The sustainable production of existing quality vegetables.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this hair
Bright further description.
Ashby involved in following embodiment (A Xubei) nitrogen-free agar: mannitol 10g, CaCO35.0g, MgSO4·
7H2O 0.2g, KH2PO40.2g, CaSO4·2H2O 0.1g, NaCl 0.2g, distilled water are settled to 1L, pH7.0, agar powder 20g
(fluid nutrient medium is not added), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
Pikovskaya culture medium: yeast extract 0.5g, glucose 10g, NaCl 0.3g, KCl 0.3g, MgSO4·7H2O
0.3g, MnSO4·H2O 0.03g, FeSO4·7H2O 0.03g, (NH4)2SO40.5g, Ca3(PO4)25.0g, distilled water constant volume
To 1L, pH 7.0~7.5, agar powder 20g (fluid nutrient medium is not added), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
Alexandria Bao Luofu culture medium: sucrose 3g, feldspar in powder (wash five times) 1g, MgSO with deionized water4·7H2O
0.5g, Na2PO42g, FeCl30.005g, CaCO30.1g, distilled water are settled to 1L, pH 7.0, agar 20g (Liquid Culture
Base is not added), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
LB culture medium: peptone 10g, yeast extract 5g, NaCl 10g, distilled water are settled to 1L, pH7.0, agar powder 20g
(fluid nutrient medium is not added), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min.
The screening of 1 ultra high efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacteria of embodiment
The primary dcreening operation of 1.1 nitrogen-fixing bacteria
(1) it prepares sample diluting liquid: weighing the soil-like for being derived from the planting vegetable for years in Tai'an area, Taian Shandong city
Product 10g is fitted into the conical flask of 250mL, and appropriate bead and 100mL sterile water is added, and after being standing and soaking 20min, is shaken in constant temperature
200rpm vibrates 30min in bed, forms bacteria suspension mother liquor, is then successively diluted with sterile water, obtain 10-5、10-6、10-7Dilution
The sample solution of degree.
(2) inverted plate: 60 DEG C are cooled to after the sterilizing of A Xubei nitrogen-free solid medium, pour plate.
(3) spread plate: 10-5、10-6、10-7The sample solution of dilution respectively draws 100 μ L, is scraped respectively with glass triangle
It is uniform in culture medium coating.
(4) it cultivates: being inverted into 37 DEG C of constant temperature biochemical cultivation cases and train after the plate that coating finishes is sealed with sealed membrane
Support 7d.
(5) primary dcreening operation: media surface picks out nitrogen-fixing bacteria from plate, then using the method for plate streaking in A Xubei
It is isolated and purified in nitrogen-free solid medium, purifying bacterial strain is inoculated into LB slant medium respectively, is identified through nitrogen fixing capacity
But think that Natural Nitrogen Fixation Strain Designation is SDTB-0001,4 DEG C of preservations in refrigerator.
The nitrogen fixing capacity of 1.2 nitrogen-fixing bacteria measures
(1) the azotobacter strain SDTB-0001 that primary dcreening operation obtains inoculation activation: is inoculated into Ah 's shellfish nitrogen-free fluid nutrient medium
In, 37 DEG C of 200rpm shaken cultivations in constant-temperature table.
(2) nitrogen fixing capacity measures: taking one time fermentation liquid every 8h, using the culture solution of not inoculating strain as control group, uses
Micro-kjoldahl method (kjeldahl apparatus) measures nitrogen pool in corresponding fermentation liquid.The bacterial strain that secondary screening is obtained is with 20% glycerol
It is placed in -20 DEG C of preservations in refrigerator.
1.3 high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium domestication breedings
It is inoculated into the training of the LB liquid in 250 milliliters of triangular flasks respectively from one ring bacterium of picking each in SDTB-0001 with oese
Base is supported, 1 milliliter of liquid nitrogen is added after sealing, 37 DEG C in shaking table, 200rpm shaken cultivation domestication breeding, switching time in every 15 days, even
Continuous domestication breeding 120 times, every switching 10 detections, 1 nitrogen fixing capacity, through 120 domestication breedings, by best 1 plant of nitrogen fixing capacity
Strains of nitrogen-fixing is named as SDTB-0031.
The colony morphological observation of 1.4 nitrogen-fixing bacteria
With oese, each one ring high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium (SDTB-0031) of picking is inoculated into LB Liquid Culture from the inclined-plane of preservation
Base, 37 DEG C in shaking table, 200rpm shaken cultivation to logarithmic phase observes microbial morphology under an optical microscope.Then picking
Fermentation liquid, in LB plate streaking, Yu Hengwen biochemical cultivation case 37 DEG C culture, observation colony shape, gloss, color, size, thoroughly
Situations such as lightness and chromogenic element.
2. the selection result of nitrogen-fixing bacteria primary dcreening operation
By isolate 10 plants of Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium, 1 plant of stronger bacterium of nitrogen fixing capacity is filtered out by measuring amount of nitrogen fixation
Strain, is named as SDTB-0001.
3. high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium domestication breeding result
It is inoculated into the training of the LB liquid in 250 milliliters of triangular flasks respectively from one ring bacterium of picking each in SDTB-0001 with oese
Base is supported, 1 milliliter of liquid nitrogen is added after sealing, 37 DEG C in shaking table, 200rpm shaken cultivation domestication breeding, switching time in every 15 days, even
It continuous domestication breeding 120 times, obtains 1 plant height and imitates nitrogen-fixing bacteria, be named as SDTB-0031.
Nitrogen pool in corresponding fermentation liquid is measured using Micro-kjoldahl method (kjeldahl apparatus), nitrogen fixing capacity is tamed
The 1 plant of stronger bacterial strain of nitrogen fixing capacity selected, is named as SDTB-0031.Screen the nitrogen fixing capacity such as following table institute of naturalized strain
Show:
The nitrogen fixing capacity of the screening naturalized strain of table 1
| Bacterial strain | Amount of nitrogen fixation (mg/L) |
| High-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium (SDTB-0031) | 792.31 |
| Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium (SDTB-0001) | 11.63 |
| CK | 0 |
Wherein, CK refers to blank control (not connecing the culture solution of bacterial strain), and Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium is this laboratory screening and protects
The bacterial strain SDTB-0001 of the Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium of hiding.As shown in Table 1, the high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium (SDTB-0031) of domestication breeding, fixed nitrogen
Level improves 62.7 times compared with Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacterium (SDTB-0001).
The colony diameter that the high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium (SDTB-0031) that domestication breeding obtains is formed on LB culture medium is about 1-
2mm, bacterium colony are round, white, opaque, center projections, rough surface.And the high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium for obtaining domestication breeding
(SDTB-0031) commission Shanghai Sheng Gong bioengineering Co., Ltd carries out gene sequencing.The 16SrDNA sequence of the bacterium is submitted to
Into GENBANK database carry out BLAST compare analysis, analysis the result shows that, the gene order and Xie Dian of the high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium
The gene order very high homology of afnyloliquefaciens, homology is up to 99%.
Combining form and 16SrDNA sequencing result, the high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium that domestication breeding is obtained are named as SDTB-
0031, classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), is preserved in China Microbiological bacterium
Kind preservation administration committee common micro-organisms center, preservation address is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, preservation day
Phase is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCCNO.17634.
The screening of 2 phosphate solubilizing bacteria of embodiment
The screening of 1.1 phosphate solubilizing bacterias
Screening technique is as follows:
(1) it prepares sample diluting liquid: weighing to acquire from waste water treatment plant, Huayang Agricultural Chemial Group Co Ltd, Shandong and live
Property mud sample 10g is fitted into the conical flask of 250mL, and appropriate bead and 100mL sterile water is added, after being standing and soaking 20min,
200rpm vibrates 30min in constant-temperature table, forms bacteria suspension mother liquor, is then successively diluted with sterile water, obtain 10-5、10-6、
10-7The sample solution of dilution.
(2) inverted plate: 60 DEG C are cooled to after the sterilizing of Pikovskaya solid medium, pour plate.
(3) spread plate: 10-5、10-6、10-7The sample solution of dilution respectively draws 100 μ L, is scraped respectively with glass triangle
It is uniform in culture medium coating.
(4) it cultivates: being inverted into 37 DEG C of constant temperature biochemical cultivation cases and train after the plate that coating finishes is sealed with sealed membrane
Support 7d.
(5) primary dcreening operation: picking out the bacterium colony with Soluble phosphorus circle from Pikovskaya solid medium tablets, then using flat
The method of plate scribing line is isolated and purified in Pikovskaya solid medium, and the purifying bacterial strain for having Soluble phosphorus circle phenomenon is distinguished
It is inoculated into LB slant medium, 4 DEG C of preservations in refrigerator.
The colony morphological observation of 1.2 phosphate solubilizing bacterias
With oese, each one ring bacterium of picking is inoculated into LB liquid medium from the inclined-plane of preservation, 37 DEG C in shaking table,
200rpm shaken cultivation observes microbial morphology to logarithmic phase under an optical microscope.Then picking fermentation liquid is drawn in LB plate
Line, 37 DEG C of cultures in Yu Hengwen biochemical cultivation case, the feelings such as observation colony shape, gloss, color, size, transparency and chromogenic element
Condition.
Degradation of 1.3 phosphate solubilizing bacterias to organophosphorus pesticide
By the seed liquor of phosphate solubilizing bacteria that screening obtains according to 5% inoculum concentration be inoculated in respectively containing phoxim, omethoate or
In the selection culture medium of parathion, culture is added in organophosphorus pesticide in the form of organophosphorus pesticide solution in Selective agar medium
Base, organophosphorus pesticide content is 35% in organophosphorus pesticide solution, and the additive amount of organophosphorus pesticide solution is in Selective agar medium
2 ‰ (mass ratioes)；Selective agar medium other compositions in addition to organophosphorus pesticide solution are 0.1g NaCl, 0.5g MgSO4, 0.3g
K2SO4, 0.1gCaCO3, 0.001g FeSO4, 1000mL H2O, pH value are adjusted to 7.2, be placed in temperature be 37 DEG C, revolving speed 200rpm
Environment in vibrate 48h, be then gradually increased the additive amount of 3 kinds of organophosphorus pesticide solution again, respectively additive amount be 4 ‰ (matter
Amount ratio), 6 ‰ (mass ratioes), the upgrowth situation that each bacterial strain is observed under 8 ‰ (mass ratioes).Shaken cultivation 48h, gas Chromatographic Determination
Degradation rate of the phosphate solubilizing bacteria to organophosphorus pesticide, determination condition are as follows: chromatographic column: silicon chromatographic column [DB-5MS, 30m (length) × 0.25mm
(internal diameter) × 0.25 μm (film thickness)], sample volume: 1 μ L；Using dividing technology after column, split ratio 1: 10；Carrier gas: high-purity helium,
Constant voltage mode: 91kPa；Injector temperature: 280 DEG C；Column oven temperature program: furnace temperature is in 70 DEG C of holding 2min after sample introduction, with 5
DEG C/speed of min is warming up to 290 DEG C, 3min is kept, then cool to 70 DEG C.
2. the selection result of phosphate solubilizing bacteria
It filters out 5 plants of phosphate solubilizing bacterias altogether by primary dcreening operation, by measuring the degradation rate to organophosphorus pesticide, selects phosphorus decomposing effect most
The good and highest bacterial strain of degradation efficiency, is named as phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0041), gas Chromatographic Determination the result shows that, phosphate solubilizing bacteria
It (SDTB-0041) is respectively 72.1% to the degradation rate of organophosphorus pesticide phoxim, omethoate or parathion, 70.3% He
73.2%.
Screening the colony diameter that obtained phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0041) is formed on LB culture medium is about 1-2mm, and bacterium colony is
Round, white, opaque, center projections, rough surface.And the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0041) for obtaining screening entrusts Hua Da base
Because company carries out gene sequencing.The 16SrDNA sequence of the bacterium is submitted in GENBANK database and carries out BLAST comparison point
Analysis, analysis the result shows that, the gene order very high homology of the strain sequence and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, homology is up to 99%.
Combining form and 16SrDNA sequencing result, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria that screening is obtained are named as SDTB-0041, classification life
Entitled bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) are preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation management committee
Member's meeting common micro-organisms center, preservation address is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, and the deposit date is in April, 2019
26 days, deposit number CGMCCNO.17636.
Degradation of 3 phosphate solubilizing bacteria of embodiment (SDTB-0041) to carbonatoapatite powder
The seed liquor for the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0041) that screening obtains is inoculated according to 5% inoculum concentration containing carbonatoapatite
In the selection culture medium of powder, culture medium is added in carbonatoapatite powder in the form of carbonatoapatite powder solution in Selective agar medium,
Carbonatoapatite powder content is 35% in carbonatoapatite powder solution, and the additive amount of carbonatoapatite solution is 8 ‰ (matter in Selective agar medium
Amount ratio)；Selective agar medium other compositions in addition to organophosphorus pesticide solution are 0.1g NaCl, 0.5g MgSO4, 0.3g K2SO4,
0.1gCaCO3, 0.001g FeSO4, 1000mL H2O, pH value are adjusted to 7.2, are placed in the ring that temperature is 37 DEG C, revolving speed is 200rpm
48h is vibrated in border, and titanium pigment content in fermentation liquid is surveyed using phosphomolybdic acid blue laws.
The measuring method of titanium pigment content:
2mL fermentation liquid is drawn under aseptic condition, 4000rpm is centrifuged 10min, draws 1mL supernatant, and dilute 10 times.It inhales
2mL ammonium molybdate solution is added in supernatant after taking 2mL to dilute, mixes, and stands.1mL anhydrous sodium sulfite solution is added, mixes,
Add 1mL quinol solution mixing.Add distilled water to 20mL, mixes, boil 10min.With nonvaccinated after sterilizing
Pikovskaya fluid nutrient medium is control group.With absorbance value of the spectrophotometer sample at 660nm.Utilize phosphorus standard
Curve calculates phosphorus content in sample.Phosphorus content is calculated with formula:
X=m × 10/V
X: phosphorus content in fermentation liquid, mg/mL
M: phosphorus content in the dilution obtained using phosphorus standard curve, mg
V: the volume of the supernatant after the dilution of absorption, mL
The measurement result of phosphomolybdic acid blue laws shows that the phosphorus decomposing amount of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0041) is 181.24mg/L.
It, can directly will be in carbonatoapatite with the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0041) of degrading organic phosphor pesticides bacillus breeding
Phosphorus is changed into water-soluble phosphorus.
The screening of 4 potassium solubilizing bacteria of embodiment
The screening of 1.1 potassium solubilizing bacterias
Screening technique is as follows:
(1) it prepares sample diluting liquid: weighing to acquire from waste water treatment plant, Huayang Agricultural Chemial Group Co Ltd, Shandong and live
Property mud sample 10g is fitted into the conical flask of 250mL, and appropriate bead and 100mL sterile water is added, after being standing and soaking 20min,
200rpm vibrates 30min in constant-temperature table, forms bacteria suspension mother liquor, is then successively diluted with sterile water, obtain 10-5、10-6、
10-7The sample solution of dilution.
(2) inverted plate: 60 DEG C are cooled to after the sterilizing of Alexandria Bao Luofu solid medium, pour plate.
(3) spread plate: 10-5、10-6、10-7The sample solution of dilution respectively draws 100 μ L, is scraped respectively with glass triangle
It is uniform in culture medium coating.
(4) it cultivates: being inverted into 37 DEG C of constant temperature biochemical cultivation cases and train after the plate that coating finishes is sealed with sealed membrane
Support 7d.
(5) primary dcreening operation: the bacterium colony with molten potassium circle is picked out from the Bao Luofu solid medium tablets of Alexandria, is then adopted
It is isolated and purified in the Bao Luofu solid medium of Alexandria with the method for plate streaking, will there is the purifying of molten potassium circle phenomenon
Bacterial strain is inoculated into LB slant medium respectively, 4 DEG C of preservations in refrigerator.
1.2 the colony morphological observation of potassium solubilizing bacteria
With oese, each one ring bacterium of picking is inoculated into LB liquid medium from the inclined-plane of preservation, 37 DEG C in shaking table,
200rpm shaken cultivation observes microbial morphology to logarithmic phase under an optical microscope.Then picking fermentation liquid is drawn in LB plate
Line, 37 DEG C of cultures in Yu Hengwen biochemical cultivation case, the feelings such as observation colony shape, gloss, color, size, transparency and chromogenic element
Condition.
Degradation of 1.3 potassium solubilizing bacterias to carbamates chemicals for agriculture such as sevins
The seed liquor for the potassium solubilizing bacteria that screening obtains is inoculated in respectively according to 5% inoculum concentration containing 100mg/L, 200mg/
L, in the LB liquid medium of 400mg/L sevin, 30mL/250mL conical flask is dispensed, is placed in that temperature is 37 DEG C, revolving speed is
72h is vibrated in the environment of 200rpm, observes the upgrowth situation of each bacterial strain；Shaken cultivation 72h, medium centrifugal take supernatant, on
Clear liquid passes through degradation rate of the liquid chromatogram measuring potassium solubilizing bacteria to carbamates chemicals for agriculture such as sevins, determination condition: chromatographic column
For WondaSilC18 column (150mm × 4.60mm, 5.0 μm)；Mobile phase is acetonitrile: water (85:15, V/V), flow velocity 0.5mL/
min；UV detector, wavelength 220nm；10 μ L of sample volume.
2. the selection result of potassium solubilizing bacteria
Filter out 4 plants of potassium solubilizing bacterias altogether by primary dcreening operation, by measuring the degradation rate to carbamates chemicals for agriculture such as sevins,
It selects potassium decomposing effect preferably and the highest bacterial strain of degradation efficiency, is named as potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0051), liquid chromatogram measuring result
Show that potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0051) is 80.2% to carbamates chemicals for agriculture such as sevins.
Screening the colony diameter that obtained potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0051) is formed on LB culture medium is about 1-2mm, and bacterium colony is
Round, white, opaque, center projections, rough surface.And the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0051) for obtaining screening entrusts Hua Da base
Because company carries out gene sequencing.The 16SrDNA sequence of the bacterium is submitted in GENBANK database and carries out BLAST comparison point
Analysis, analysis the result shows that, the gene order very high homology of the strain sequence and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, homology is up to 99%.
Combining form and 16SrDNA sequencing result, the potassium solubilizing bacteria that screening is obtained are named as SDTB-0051, classification life
Entitled bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) are preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation management committee
Member's meeting common micro-organisms center, preservation address is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, and the deposit date is in April, 2019
26 days, deposit number CGMCCNO.17638.
Degradation of 5 potassium solubilizing bacteria of embodiment (SDTB-0051) to potassium shale powder
The seed liquor for the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0051) that screening obtains is inoculated in K-feldspar powder according to 5% inoculum concentration
LB liquid medium in, in LB liquid medium the additive amount of potassium shale powder be 400mg/L, be placed in temperature be 37 DEG C, revolving speed
To vibrate 72h in the environment of 200rpm, culture solution 4000rpm is centrifuged 10min, takes supernatant flame spectrophotometer (rib light
FP6410 formula) measure Content of soluble potassium in fermentation liquid.
Flame spectrophotometer measurement result shows that potassium decomposing amount is 38.23mg/L.
It, can be by potassium feldspar etc. with the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0051) of the bacillus breeding of degradation carbamate chemicals for agriculture
Potassium in potassium breeze becomes water-soluble potassium.
Embodiment 6 is a kind of to have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material
Fertilizer special for vegetable material in the present embodiment includes function bacterium, antibacterial antiviral agents and mixed mineral particulate vector；Function
Bacterium and antibacterial antiviral agents are adsorbed in the mixed mineral particulate vector, and function bacterium includes high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium SDTB-0031, phosphorus decomposing
Bacterium SDTB-0041 and potassium solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0051, antibacterial antiviral agents are laminarin and chlorogenic acid；
The mixed mineral particulate vector includes each component of following parts by weight: 50kg peat soil, 10kg carbonatoapatite,
10kg potassium shale, 3kg zincblende stone, 3kg giobertite, 5kg sepiolite, 17kg clay and 1kg parts of trapping agent hydroxypropyl methyls
Cellulose；The dosage of laminarin is 0.5kg, and the dosage of chlorogenic acid is 0.5kg.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of fertilizer special for vegetable material, comprising the following steps:
The preparation of A mixed mineral particulate vector
(1) by 50kg peat soil, 10kg carbonatoapatite, 10kg potassium shale, 3kg zincblende stone, 3kg giobertite, the sea 5kg
Afrodite and 17kg clay carry out being crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, form natural mixed mineral powder；
(2) 1kg hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution is configured to the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose water that mass concentration is 5%
Solution；
By in natural mixed mineral powder input mixer, it is fine that the hydroxypropyl methyl that mass concentration is 5% is sprayed under stiring
Tie up plain aqueous solution；By mineral powder body material (including peat soil, carbonatoapatite, potassium shale, zincblende stone, giobertite, sepiolite
And clay) capture；
(3) mineral material after capturing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer granulation, and by mixed mineral
Grain dryness finalization, quenching to room temperature at 150 DEG C, are made the mixed mineral containing various nutrient elements and porous structure
Grain.
The preparation of B high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium SDTB-0031, phosphate solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0041 and potassium solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0051
Culture medium: starch 100g/L, beancake powder 100g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g/L, ammonium sulfate 1g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.5g/
L, chlorination 0.01g/L, calcium carbonate 0.1g/L, yeast extract 0.1g/L, pH7.2.
It respectively will be after high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium SDTB-0031, phosphate solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0041 and potassium solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0051 actication of culture
It accesses in the above-mentioned culture medium of 1L, triangular flask shaking flask 200rpm, 37 DEG C are cultivated 24 hours, are then inoculated into 250L by 1% inoculum concentration
In seed fermentation tank, ventilation, 37 DEG C are cultivated 24 hours, then are connected in 2500L fermentor by 10% inoculum concentration, and 37 DEG C of cultures 24 are small
When, stop fermentation after 80% thallus generates gemma, obtains fermentation liquid；According to the ratio of 100L fermentation liquid production 1000kg bacterial manure
Example, determines the volume of fermentation liquid, the SDTB-0031 of bacterium containing high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing, phosphate solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0041 and potassium solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0051's
Fermentation liquid is the bacterium solution of function bacterium.
The preparation of C fertilizer special for vegetable material
0.5kg laminarin and 0.5kg chlorogenic acid are dissolved in water respectively, then with high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium SDTB-0031, phosphate solubilizing bacteria
The bacterium solution of SDTB-0041 and potassium solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0051 are uniformly mixed, according to the quality of mixed bacteria liquid and mixed mineral particulate vector
Than being sprayed to mixed mineral particulate vector for 1:10, conciliate high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium SDTB-0031, phosphate solubilizing bacteria SDTB-0041
Potassium bacterium SDTB-0051 thallus and laminarin and chlorogenic acid are adsorbed in mixed mineral particulate vector, are obtained with fixed nitrogen solution
The fertilizer special for vegetable material of phosphorus potassium decomposing effect.
Embodiment 7 is a kind of to have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 6 be, the formula of mixed mineral particulate vector are as follows: 45kg peat soil, 12kg
Carbonatoapatite, 12kg potassium shale, 3kg zincblende stone, 3kg giobertite, 6kg sepiolite and 17kg clay；Step (3) is not yet
Together, specifically, the mineral material after (3) capture hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer granulation, and by mixed mineral
The mixed mineral containing various nutrient elements and porous structure is made in particle dryness finalization at 200 DEG C, quenching to room temperature
Grain；Remaining step is same as Example 6.
Embodiment 8 is a kind of to have effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 6 be, the formula of mixed mineral particulate vector are as follows: 45kg peat soil, 12kg
Carbonatoapatite, 12kg potassium shale, 5kg zincblende stone, 5kg giobertite, 6kg sepiolite and 13kg clay, step (3) is not yet
Together, specifically, the mineral material after (3) capture hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer granulation, and by mixed mineral
The mixed mineral containing various nutrient elements and porous structure is made in particle dryness finalization at 175 DEG C, quenching to room temperature
Grain；Remaining step is same as Example 6.
The application with fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material prepared by embodiment 6-8, (1) for
Solanaceous vegetables and melon-fruit-like vegetable, such as cucumber, cucurbita pepo, tomato, capsicum, eggplant, before vegetable cultivation, cave is applied or ditch spread, so
The root system of transplanted seedling is first embedded in fertilizer special for vegetable material afterwards, then blinding, and sprinkle profoundly water therewith；Dose: according to yield
8%~10% calculate dosage；(2) for pod fruit type vegetable, such as cowpea, kidney bean, oily beans, before vegetable cultivation, cave apply or
Then seed is directly embedded in fertilizer special for vegetable material by ditch spread, then blinding, and is sprinkled profoundly water therewith, dose: according to yield
4%~5% calculate dosage；(3) for leaf vegetables, such as celery, leek, rape, wild cabbage, Chinese cabbage, in vegetable seed
It before plant, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields or ditch spread, then seed is directly seeded in fertilizer special for vegetable material, then blinding, and sprinkle profoundly water therewith i.e.
Can, dose: dosage is calculated according to the 3%~4% of yield.
Various vegetables each seasons of growth or 1 fertilizer special for vegetable material of every batch application, and sprinkle profoundly water in time.
Test case:
The present inventor is often invited to all parts of the country and investigates and give training to local technical staff,
During this, fertilizer special for vegetable of the invention is tested on representative vegetables, test result is as follows:
The present invention of example 1-2018 years 2013 in the tomato in plastic greenhouse of Shandong Shouguang town Ji Tai continuous application prove, every plant kind
What the preparation of embodiment 6 was applied in cave when eggplant is transplanted has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and 500 grams of the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material, by tomato seedling
Root be directly embedded in fertilizer, then bury again soil, sprinkle profoundly water.Tomato growth is healthy and strong, and premunition is strong, no continuous cropping obstacle,
Fruit size is uniform, and 12180 kilograms of per mu yield, than conventional fertilizer application volume increase 22%~34%, fruit face is bright, and fungicide dosage reduces
60% or more, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, commodity value is high.
The present invention of example 2-2018 years 2012 in the tomato in plastic greenhouse of Taian Shandong Daiyue District room villages and small towns continuous application prove,
What the preparation of embodiment 6 was applied in cave when the transplanting of every plant of tomato has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and 500 grams of the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material, general
The root of tomato seedling is directly embedded in fertilizer, is then buried soil again, is sprinkled profoundly water.Tomato growth is healthy and strong, and premunition is strong, no continuous cropping
Obstacle, fruit is uniform, and 10268 kilograms of per mu yield, than conventional fertilizer application volume increase 19%~32%, fruit face is bright, and fungicide dosage reduces
60%-70%, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, commodity value are high.
The present invention of example 3-2018 years 2014 on the plastic tent cucumber of Shandong Shouguang City market town Sun Jia continuous application prove, often
What the preparation of embodiment 6 was applied in cave when strain cucumber transplanting has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and 500 grams of the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material, will be yellow
The root of melon seedling is directly embedded in fertilizer, is then buried soil again, is sprinkled profoundly water.Cucumber growth is healthy and strong, and premunition is strong, no continuous cropping barrier
Hinder, fruit size is uniform, and 13495 kilograms of per mu yield, than conventional fertilizer application volume increase 24%~37%, fruit face is bright, and sugar-preserved gourd is straight, fungicide
Dosage reduction by 70% or so, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, commodity value are high.
The present invention of example 4-2018 years 2015 on the big shed eggplant of Shandong Shouguang town Ji Tai continuous application prove, every plant of eggplant
What the preparation of embodiment 7 was applied in cave when son transplanting has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and 1000 grams of the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material, by eggplant seedling
Root be directly embedded in fertilizer, then bury again soil, sprinkle profoundly water.Eggplant robust growth, premunition is strong, no continuous cropping obstacle,
As a result uniformly, 16755 kilograms of per mu yield, than conventional fertilizer application volume increase 31%~40%, fruit face is bright, fungicide dosage reduce by 70% with
On, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, commodity value height.
The present invention of example 5-2018 years 2016 on the shed for pepper of Shandong Shouguang town Ji Tai continuous application prove that every plant peppery
What the preparation of embodiment 7 was applied in cave when green pepper is transplanted has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and 500 grams of the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material, by Hot Pepper Seedling
Root be directly embedded in fertilizer, then bury again soil, sprinkle profoundly water.Chili growth is healthy and strong, and premunition is strong, no continuous cropping obstacle,
As a result uniformly, 10375 kilograms of per mu yield, than conventional fertilizer application volume increase 27%~31%, fruit face is bright, fungicide dosage reduce by 70% with
On, non agricultural chemical residuum in fruit, commodity value height.
The present invention of example 6-2018 years 2016 on Shandong Ningyang County China Fengzhen greenhouse kidney bean continuous application prove, every plant
What the preparation of embodiment 8 was applied in cave when kidney bean is planted has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and 300 grams of the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material, by kidney bean
Seed is directly sowed in fertilizer, is then buried soil again, is sprinkled profoundly water.Kidney bean robust growth, premunition is strong, no continuous cropping obstacle,
As a result uniformly, 6255 kilograms of per mu yield, as a result more, beanpod is long, surface-brightening than 30% or more conventional fertilizer application volume increase, fungicide use
60% or more amount reduction, non agricultural chemical residuum in beanpod, commodity value are high.
The present invention of example 7-2018 years 2016 on the greenhouse celery of the Shandong Yanggu County town Yan Lou continuous application prove, per acre
That spreads fertilizer over the fields the preparation of embodiment 8 has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and 300 kilograms of the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material, and celery seed is direct
Be sown in fertilizer, then again blinding, sprinkle profoundly water.Celery growth is healthy and strong, and premunition is strong, no continuous cropping obstacle, per mu yield 12830
Kilogram, than 40% or more conventional fertilizer application volume increase, 60% or more fungicide dosage reduction, non agricultural chemical residuum in celery, commodity value
It is high.
The present invention by by 20-50 parts of peat soils, 5-20 parts of carbonatoapatites, 5-20 parts of potassium shale, 3-5 parts of zincblende stones,
3-5 parts of giobertites, 5-20 parts of sepiolites and 5-20 parts of clays carry out being crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, form natural composite ore
Object powder crushes and in input mixer, sprays into 5% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution under stiring, powder mineral material is captureed
Obtain, be granulated through pelletizer, and by particle in 150-200 DEG C of dryness finalization, quenching to room temperature, be made various nutrient elements and
The mixed mineral particle of porous structure.The function bacterium adsorbed on above-mentioned particulate vector contains useful Natural Nitrogen Fixation bacillus breeding
High-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium (SDTB-0031), fixed nitrogen level compared with Natural strains improve 62.7 times；With degrading organic phosphor pesticides bacillus
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0041) of breeding, directly can be changed into water-soluble phosphorus for the phosphorus in carbonatoapatite；With degradation carbamates
Potassium in potassium shale can be become water-soluble potassium by the potassium solubilizing bacteria (SDTB-0051) of the bacillus breeding of pesticide；With peat soil,
The natural minerals material such as mixed mineral particle and clay is granulated into particulate vector, and function bacterium, laminarin and chlorogenic acid are adsorbed
In carrier, become the characteristic natural green fertilizer without synthesis ammonia, phosphorus compound and potassium compound.The fertilizer can be according to vegetables
To nutrient demands such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen is obtained from atmosphere by high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria are from mixed mineral
Rapid available phosphorus and available potassium are dissociateed in the minerals being rich in particle and soil；The organic matters such as mixed mineral particle and peat soil carry
Body and soil can provide middle microelement, meet the nutrition supply of vegetables and crops comprehensively.The product can substitute chemistry completely
Ammonia, phosphorus compound, potassium compound (chemical fertilizer), organic fertilizer and all fertilizer are synthesized, the nutrient requirement of vegetables full growing season section is met.
And the porous structure that the mixed mineral particle has can guarantee the loose of soil, adjust and buffer the pH value of soil, improvement
Soil；Natural laminarin and chlorogenic acid can inhibit infecting, enhancing disease resistance of plant and soil is overcome to connect for pathogen in soil
Make obstacle.This has effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the fertilizer special for vegetable of potassium decomposing material are able to satisfy vegetables full growing season section nutrition supply, fertilizer
Persistently, nutrient supply is balanced for effect, improves soil, overcomes continuous cropping obstacle, improves disease resistance of plant, and good quality and high output is environmental-friendly, real
The sustainable production of existing quality vegetables.
It should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: the discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, not
It is intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples；Under thinking of the invention, above embodiments
Or it can also be combined between the technical characteristic in different embodiments, and there is being permitted for different aspect of the invention as above
Mostly other variations, for simplicity, they are not provided in details.Therefore, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, done
Any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of fertilizer special for vegetable material, which is characterized in that including function bacterium, antibacterial antiviral agents and mixed mineral particulate vector；Institute
It states function bacterium and antibacterial antiviral agents is adsorbed in the mixed mineral particulate vector, the function bacterium includes high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium, solution
Phosphorus bacterium and potassium solubilizing bacteria, the antibacterial antiviral agents are laminarin and chlorogenic acid；
The high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium, is named as SDTB-0031, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17634；
The phosphate solubilizing bacteria, is named as SDTB-0041, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17636；
The potassium solubilizing bacteria, is named as SDTB-0051, and classification naming is bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus
Amyloliquefaciens), it is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preservation address
It is Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, the deposit date is on April 26th, 2019, deposit number CGMCC
NO.17638；
The mixed mineral particulate vector includes each component of following parts by weight: 20-50 parts of peat soils, 5-20 parts of carbonatoapatites,
5-20 parts of potassium shale, 3-5 parts of zincblende stones, 3-5 parts of giobertites, 5-20 parts of sepiolites, 5-20 parts of clays and 0.5-2 parts of captures
Agent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose；The dosage of the laminarin is 0.02-0.5 parts, and the dosage of the chlorogenic acid is 0.1-0.5
Part.
2. fertilizer special for vegetable material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation side of the mixed mineral particulate vector
Method includes the following steps:
(a) by 20-50 parts of peat soils, 5-20 parts of carbonatoapatites, 5-20 parts of potassium shale, 3-5 parts of zincblende stones, 3-5 parts of magnesite
Stone, 5-20 part sepiolite, 5-20 parts of clays are crushed to diameter 3.5-5mm, form natural mixed mineral powder；
(b) 0.5-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl celluloses are configured to the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution that mass concentration is 5%；
In natural mixed mineral powder input mixer, 5% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution is sprayed under stiring, by mineral
Powder body material capture；
(c) the mineral powder body material after capturing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is transported to pelletizer granulation, and by mixed mineral
For grain in 150-200 DEG C of dryness finalization, the mixed mineral containing various nutrient elements and porous structure is made in quenching to room temperature
Grain carrier.
3. a kind of preparation method of fertilizer special for vegetable material as described in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) peat soil, carbonatoapatite, potassium shale, zincblende stone, giobertite, sepiolite, clay and trapping agent hydroxypropyl are used
Methylcellulose is raw material, prepares mixed mineral particulate vector；
(2) high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria are inoculated in first cell culture medium respectively to cultivate, obtain first class inoculum；
First class inoculum is inoculated in secondary medium respectively to cultivate, obtains second class inoculum；
Second class inoculum is inoculated in fermentation medium respectively to cultivate, obtains fermented liquid by functional bacteria.
(3) laminarin and chlorogenic acid are dissolved in water respectively, then are mixed with the fermentation liquid of high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria
Uniformly, mixed mineral particulate vector is sprayed, makes high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing bacterium thallus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria thallus and potassium solubilizing bacteria thallus and sea
Band polysaccharide and chlorogenic acid are adsorbed in mixed mineral particulate vector, obtain having effects that fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing and the vegetables of potassium decomposing are dedicated
Fertilizer.
4. a kind of application of fertilizer special for vegetable material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that (1) for solanaceous vegetables and melon and fruit
Class vegetables, before vegetable cultivation, cave is applied or ditch spread, then the root system of transplanted seedling is first embedded in fertilizer special for vegetable material, then blinding,
And it sprinkles profoundly water therewith；Dose: dosage is calculated according to the 8%~10% of yield；(2) for pod fruit type vegetable, in vegetables
Before plantation, cave is applied or ditch spread, is then directly embedded in fertilizer special for vegetable material seed, then blinding, and sprinkle profoundly water therewith, applies
Fertilizer amount: dosage is calculated according to the 4%~5% of yield；(3) it for leaf vegetables, before vegetable cultivation, uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields or ditch
It applies, then seed is directly seeded in fertilizer special for vegetable material, then blinding, and sprinkle profoundly water therewith, dose: according to yield
3%~4% calculate dosage.
5. the application of fertilizer special for vegetable material according to claim 4, which is characterized in that various vegetables each season of growth or
Every batch is only applied 1 fertilizer special for vegetable material, and sprinkled profoundly water in time.
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| CN111034441A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-21 | 沈阳农业大学 | Irrigation method for continuously repairing microbial flora in continuous cropping soil of melon crops |
| NL2032080B1 (en) * | 2022-06-05 | 2023-03-20 | Shandong Huitaihua Biotechnology Co Ltd | Natural bio-organic fertilizer for providing full nutrition elements for plants and application thereof |
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| NL2032080B1 (en) * | 2022-06-05 | 2023-03-20 | Shandong Huitaihua Biotechnology Co Ltd | Natural bio-organic fertilizer for providing full nutrition elements for plants and application thereof |
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