CN110363324A - A kind of any projects combo multistage plan of the critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step - Google Patents

A kind of any projects combo multistage plan of the critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step Download PDF

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CN110363324A
CN110363324A CN201910246090.5A CN201910246090A CN110363324A CN 110363324 A CN110363324 A CN 110363324A CN 201910246090 A CN201910246090 A CN 201910246090A CN 110363324 A CN110363324 A CN 110363324A
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target control
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吴茜龄
吴开平
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Jinan Senkun Enterprise Management Consulting Co Ltd
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Jinan Senkun Enterprise Management Consulting Co Ltd
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    • G06Q10/103—Workflow collaboration or project management

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Abstract

The present invention provides one kind: can be used as entirety and carries out all kinds of project organic managements of organization of unity management and target control and any combination of target control plan and (or) project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, the duration is constant, project organic management with the target control multistage system of planning combines the least optimization method of project resource requirement step by step；This method needs dynamic congregate table according to projects organization and administration in combination project and the resource of target control plan and (or) project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, as projects organization and administration in combination project with target control plan and (or) project organic management and the sequencing of target control multistage system of planning time started, in the project organic management of optimization and the target control multistage system of planning where be combined that project duration is constant, the least optimization of resource needs in the period.

Description

A kind of any projects combo multistage plan of the critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step
Technical field
The invention belongs to critical path method technical fields, are the masters of critical path method project or taskings management and target control technology Want one of component part, it is specifically a kind of: to can be used as an entirety and carry out all kinds of of organization of unity management and target control Project organic management and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control multistage system of planning any combination feelings Under condition, using non-key " work " total time difference in each combination project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, carry out each Combination project duration is constant, combines the least optimization method of project resource requirement.
Background technique
Eighties of last century early fifties, in order to be applicable in the development of production and the scientific research and technological development of relationship complexity The managerial needs of job engineering, each advanced industrial country has all successively carried out the research of planning management new technology in the world, wherein Successfully CPM (critical path method) and PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) is studied in the U.S. first, is established due to such methods and is closed in work It is the formulation of plan, coordination, optimization and control organically to be combined, on the basis of network model so being referred to as in foreign countries For network planning technique.
The U.S. is applied to the development of establishment Polaris missile in the PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) of invention in 1956 at that time Plan, has coordinated 3,000 many enterprises, and making plan, two years ahead completes on schedule；It is applied to cost 400 again later More hundred million dollars, mobilize manpower more than 40 ten thousand Apollo space program management and control, obtain good result.
It is counted according to kremlin, the construction and erection enterprises of application network planning technique, the duration can shorten 20%, engineering Cost can reduce by 10% or so.
In March, 1978, civil engineering association, U.S. proceedings comment on that this method is current only planning management newly side Method, and in foreseeable future, it is not in the new method of one kind to substitute it, therefore, we should enjoy it, make With it, improve it.
Currently, each advanced industrial country, such as the United States, Russia, English, day, method, moral in the world, is all promoting and applying network planning skill Art.
The famous mathematician Hua Luogeng professor in China, from the national conditions in China, absorbing, external network planning technique is theoretical On the basis of, " critical path method " scientific system is established, and since eighties of last century early sixties, promote in production practice Using achieving huge economic benefit.
Since network planning technique is there are following many defects and deficiency, influences and restrict pushing away for network planning technique Row is promoted, popularization and application:
(1) restriction and planar network of project or taskings management and target control plannet model rule are established The restriction of model tormulation mode manages most projects or taskings and is unable to complete with target control person, especially compared with Big or more complex project；
(2) it is unfavorable for the restriction of computer technology application, the application of such technology depends on the support of computer technology, net Foundation, modification, the calculating of time parameter, the optimal control of constructing aims and optimal control of resource object of network model etc., only It is difficult to complete by manpower；
(3) restriction of application range, CPM are only applicable to type project or task certainly and are directly decomposed into a series of specific works Organization and administration and target control；PERT is only applicable to the evaluation of non-type project or task milestone target certainly；And with section Comprehensive fast development of technology, not only most projects or task have the feature of mixed type, and method for organizing also has There is the feature of mixed type；
(4) lack necessary function technology, major function technology only has: time-cost trade-off technology；Duration is constant, money Source demand balance optimizing technology；Resource is limited, duration most short optimisation technique；With non-type project or task milestone target certainly Evaluation technology；
(5) all there is apparent defect and deficiency in major function technology, such as:
1) it time-cost trade-off technology: needs to carry out time parameter meter by the route that key job forms to each respectively After calculation, critical circuits can be just judged, need to calculate the rate of each single item key job, just can be carried out the excellent of duration-cost Change, this be in practical work it is highly difficult, it is even impossible；
2) duration is constant, resources balance optimisation technique: its optimization method does not consider non-key work in part (or motor-driven) Resource requirement current intelligence in time difference range, hence it is evident that unreasonable；
3) resource is limited, duration shortest optimisation technique: the work started before the period will be optimized and come most important first place, Do not consider influence size of the optimization of the non-key work started before the optimization period to the duration；
4) Evaluation technology of non-type project or task milestone target certainly, when not considering non-key milestone target interval Between Lagi-jInfluence etc. to estimate variance.
Network planning technique belongs to critical path method, is one of application technology of critical path method；It may be said that network planning technique is system Method is raised, not vice versa.
Each intermediate item of any combination or taskings' management and target control plan and (or) project organic management and mesh Mark controls the multistage system of planning, and the duration is constant, resource requirement at least with relatively minimal optimization method, be critical path method project or One of the target control of taskings management and target control technology, embodiment is that Hua Luogeng professor is pointed: application is planned as a whole Method wants benefit to non-key work.
In traditional network planning technique, not each intermediate item of any combination or taskings' management and target control plan And (or) project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, the duration is constant, resource requirement at least with it is relatively minimal excellent Change method.
Each intermediate item or taskings for reducing any combination manage and target control plan and (or) project organic management With the target control system of planning, the resources requirement of resource requirement most periods, can reduce finished item or task at This, increases economic efficiency, such as:
(1) each intermediate item or taskings for reducing any combination manage and target control plan and (or) project organization pipe The resources requirement of reason and resource requirement most periods of the target control system of planning can reduce and complete any combination project Or the scale of the auxiliary production and living facilities of task；
(2) each intermediate item or taskings for reducing any combination manage and target control plan and (or) project organization pipe The resources requirement of reason and resource requirement most periods of the target control system of planning can reduce and complete any combination project Or the capital equipment of required by task, such as lifting or vertical transport equipment, concrete pumping equipment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention according to can be used as an entirety, carry out organization of unity management and target control, any combination it is all kinds of Project or taskings' management and target control plan and (or) project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning and its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource requirement dynamic table, using combination project entirety and project one by one, respectively by group The resource of conjunction project need dynamic congregate table, from left to right with find that resource requirement is most or relatively most periods from right to left, Reach each intermediate item for reducing any combination by the optimization to non-key work in the optimization period as the optimization period or appoint Business organization and administration and target control plan and (or) project organic management and the target control system of planning, resource requirement at most with The resources requirement of relatively most periods.
For the present invention by project or task by organization and administration and target control requirement, " work " decomposed is divided into type certainly " work " and non-type " work " two types certainly:
(1) certainly type " work ": completing time t required for " work "i(or Ti) it is affirmative；
(2) non-affirmative type " work ": the time needed for completing " work " is non-affirmative, need to be carried out using three point estimations Complete the estimation of " work " time:
1)aT、mT、bT, DT=(aT+4mT+bT) ÷ 6, σT 2=[(bT-aT)÷6]2
2)at、mt、bt, Dt=(at+4mt+bt) ÷ 6, σt 2=[(bt-at)÷6]2
aT、atOptimistic completion " work " time；
mT、mtPossible completion " work " time；
bT、btPessimistic completion " work " time；
DT、DtThe weighted average of " work " time is completed in estimation；
σT 2、σt 2Complete the estimated bias of " work " time.
The present invention is decomposed the type of " work " by project, and project is divided into type, non-type certainly and three kinds of mixed type certainly Type:
(1) affirmative type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, " work " decomposed all is affirmative type " work Make "；
(2) non-type project certainly: by organization and administration and target control requirement, " work " decomposed all is non-type certainly " work "；
(3) mixed type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, " the work of the existing type certainly of " work " decomposed Make ", and have the work of non-type certainly.
Project of the present invention decomposes the organizational form between " work " and organizer by organization and administration and target control requirement Method has following seven kinds:
Project is by organization and administration and target control requirement, the organizational form and method for organizing between " work " decomposed, By taking i " work " and j " work " as an example, i " work " be j " work " it is tight before " work " or j " work " be the next of i " work " " work ", organizational form and method for organizing between i " work " and j " work ":
(1) FYS (LT): i " work " terminates LT days, and j " work " starts；
(2)STS(LTi): I " work " starts LTiIt, j " work " starts；
(3)FTF(LTj): I " work " terminates LTjIt, j " work " terminates；
(4)STF(LTi, LTj): I " work " starts LTiIt, use LT againjIt, j " work " terminates, i.e. j " work " will be in I " work " starts LTiAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(5) STS and FTF (LTi, LTj): i " work " starts LTiIt, j " work " start, i " work " end LTjIt, j " work " terminates；
(6) STS and STF (LTi, LTi’, LTj): i " work " starts LTi days, j " work " beginning, and i " work " starts LTi ‘It, use LT againjIt, j " work " terminates, i.e. j " work " will start LT in i " work "i’After it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(7) FTS and STF (LT, LTi, LTj): i " work " terminates LT days, j " work " beginning, and i " work " starts LTiIt, LT is used againjIt, j " work " terminates, i.e. j " work " will start LT in i " work "iAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates.
Organization and administration between " work " are divided into type certainly and non-two type of type certainly with target control mode by the present invention Type:
(1) type organizes and target control mode certainly: away from the organization and administration for being all affirmative when bonding relation and overlap joint With target control mode；
(2) the non-organization and administration of type certainly are with target control mode: bonding relation is affirmative；But away from being non-affirmative when overlapping , need to using three point estimations be overlapped when away from estimation:
a.LTa、LTm、LTb, DLT=(LTa+4LTm+LTb) ÷ 6, σLT 2=[(LTb-LTa)÷6]2
b.LTia、LTim、LTib, DiLT=(LTia+4LTim+LTib) ÷ 6, σiLT 2=[(LTib-LTia)÷6]2
c.LTja、LTjm、LTjb, DjLT=(LTja+4LTjm+LTjb) ÷ 6, σjLT 2=[(LTjb-LTja)÷6]2
d.LTI ' a、LTI ' m、LTI ' b, DI ' LT=(LTI ' a+4LTI ' m+LTI ' b) ÷ 6, σI ' LT 2=[(LTI ' b-LTI ' a)÷6]2
The present invention presses the difference of project organic management and target control mode and method, by project organic management and target control Mode processed and method are divided into type, non-type and mixed type three types certainly certainly:
(1) type project organic management and target control mode certainly: project decompose organization and administration between " work " and Target control mode is all the organization and administration and target control mode of type certainly；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control mode certainly: project decomposes the organization and administration between " work " It is all the organization and administration and target control mode of non-type certainly with target control mode；
(3) mixed type project organic management and target control mode: project decompose organization and administration between " work " with Target control mode, it is existing certainly type, also have it is non-certainly type organization and administration and target control mode.
Mesh organization and administration of the present invention are divided into three classes with target control plan:
(1) type project organic management and target control plan certainly: type project certainly, using type organization and administration and mesh certainly Mark project organic management and the target control plan of control mode and method；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control plan certainly, include the following three types:
1) affirmative type project, project organic management and target control using the non-organization and administration of type certainly with target control mode System plan；
2) non-type project certainly, project organic management and target control using type organization and administration certainly with target control mode System plan；
3) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management and target of non-type certainly organization and administration and target control mode Control plan；
(3) mix mode project organic management and target control plan, including following five kinds:
1) mix mode project, project organic management and target control using type organization and administration certainly with target control mode Plan；
2) mixed type project, project organic management and target control using the non-organization and administration of type certainly with target control mode System plan；
3) mixed type project, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Plan；
4) non-type project certainly, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode System plan；
5) affirmative type project, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Plan.
In combination project, the project organic management of formulation and target control plan are as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
In combination project, presses sub-item, individual event mesh, work three-level step by step with project and decompose, it is at different levels to formulate tub of tissue respectively Reason and target control plan, for the project organic management of foundation and the target control multistage system of planning.
The method for building up of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, as shown in the table:
The present invention by organization and administration with target control requirements, using duration control method step by step formulate organizations at different levels management and Target control plan, the project organic management of foundation and the target control multistage system of planning, as shown in the table:
(1) organization and administration of project level-one and target control plan system, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type sub-item is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the requirement of Yao Fuhe contract or predetermined duration.
(2) organization and administration of one of project second level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type individual event mesh is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project second level organization and administration and target control plan, by level-one organization and administration and target control plan In corresponding sub-item duration control.
(3) organization and administration of one of project three-level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work mesh is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project three levels of organization management and target control plan, by second level organization and administration and target control plan In, corresponding individual event purpose duration control.
The present invention is by organization and administration and target control requirement, using reversely duration control method formulates organizations at different levels' pipe step by step Reason and target control plan, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of foundation are as shown in the table:
(1) organization and administration of project level-one and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type sub-item is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the requirement of Yao Fuhe contract or predetermined duration.
(2) organization and administration of one of project second level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type individual event mesh is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project second level each sub-item organization and administration and target control plan, as level-one organization and administration and mesh Mark the duration of corresponding sub-item in control plan.
(3) organization and administration of one of project three-level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project three-level each single project organic management and target control plan, as second level organization and administration and mesh It marks in control plan, the corresponding individual event purpose duration.
The present invention by organization and administration with target control requirements, using step by step with reversely step by step duration control method formulation it is at different levels Organization and administration and target control plan, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of foundation；With I and II group Management and target control plan is knitted to control using the duration step by step, two, three levels of organization's management and target control plan using reversely by It is as shown in the table for the control of grade duration:
(1) organization and administration of project level-one and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type sub-item is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the requirement of Yao Fuhe contract or predetermined duration.
(2) organization and administration of one of project second level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type individual event mesh is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project second level organization and administration and target control plan, by level-one organization and administration and target control plan In corresponding sub-item duration control.
(3) organization and administration of one of project three-level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project three-level each single project organic management and target control plan, as second level organization and administration and mesh It marks in control plan, the corresponding individual event purpose duration.
In combination project, projects organization and administration and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control are more In the grade system of planning, each organization and administration and target control plan, by following steps, finished item organization and administration and target control It makes in the formulation and (or) project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of plan, respectively organization and administration and target control The formulation of plan:
(1) conversion for carrying out organizational logical relationship between " work ", such as by project organic management and target control plan system What the person of determining determined: B " work " it is tight before " work " be A " work ", be converted into next " work " of A " work " as B " work "； Or next " work " of A " work " be B " work ", be converted into B " work " it is tight before " work " be A " work "；
(2) arrangement of organizational logical relationship is carried out
(3) inspection and supplement of job engineering logical relation defect: in main " work " list every " work ", ST is removed Outside, it must be determined that before having tightly " work ", including FIN；In addition to FIN, it must be determined that have next " work ", including ST；It is not any " work " it is tight before " work " " work ", be FIN it is tight before " work "；It is not " the work of next " work " of any " work " Make ", it is next " work " of ST；Determine it is tight before " work " or (and) do not determine " work " of next " work ", as There are " work " of tissue defects, should by organizational logical relationship, supplement its it is tight before " work " or (and) next " work "；
(4) in main " work " list " work " tissue sequence sequence: by ST successively are as follows: with ST for before tightly " work " of " work "；With ordering " work " be it is tight before " work " " work "；……；Until FIN；By FIN according to It is secondary are as follows: to take FIN as " work " of next " work "；It take ordering " work " as " work " of next " work "；……；Directly To ST；
(5) inspection and modification of job engineering logical relation defect and mistake: suitable by tight preceding tissue sequence and next tissue In sequence sequencer procedure, fails " work " of completing sequence, as there is " work " of organizational logical relationship defect or mistake, answer It is supplemented or is modified by organizational logical relationship.
In combination project of the present invention, project organic management and target control plan；At different levels, each tissue in the multistage system of planning Management and target control plan, time parameter calculation method are as follows:
(1) time that " work " may start earliest
(2) time that " work " may terminate earliest
(3) interval time between " work "
(4) motor-driven (part) time difference of " work ": FFi=min (Lagi-j)；
(5) total time difference of " work ": TFi=min (TFj+Lagi-j)；
(6) time that " work " must start at the latest: LSi=ESi+TFi；
(7) time that " work " must terminate at the latest: LFi=EFi+TFi。
In combination project of the present invention, project organic management and target control plan；At different levels, each tissue in the multistage system of planning Management and target control plan, estimate variance calculation method are as follows:
The present invention is in combination project, project organic management and target control plan；At different levels, each group in the multistage system of planning Management and target control plan are knitted, after the completion of time parameter calculates, by every main " work " deadline estimated bias to tight The influence for the implementation process that " works " afterwards carries out deviations2Adjustment after, carry out the calculating of its estimate variance.
For " work " (i.e. the discontinuous " work ") of discontinuous completion, the time Estimate deviation that " works " is completed Adjustment；
The method of adjustment of every main " work " estimation " work " deadline deviation:
Note:
(1)*σi 2- it is σ adjustedi 2；
(2)σi 2The variance of-estimated time to completion the deviation for being main " work " i: σi 2=[(bit-ait)÷6]2, in which:
1)bitPessimism (longest) value of-estimated time to completion for being main " work " i；
2)aitOptimism (most short) value of-estimated time to completion for being main " work " i；
(3)DitThe weighted average of-the estimated time to completion for being main " work " i: Dit=(ait+4mit+bit) ÷ 6, in which:
1)mitMost probable (time) value of-estimated time to completion for being main " work " i；
(4)DitThe limit value of the estimated time to completion of main " work " i of '-be,
By Parameters of Normal DistributionWork as λiWhen >=3.5, P (Dit') ≈ 100%, so
It is organizing with target control in the works, the estimated bias of main " work " deadline, to next " work " Influence, when considering actually to overlap away from influence, i.e., by when overlap joint away from influence of the adjustment to next " work "；
Temporal duration estimate variance is mainly overlapped between " work ", to next " work " influence value υ2 j(LT)Calculation method, under Shown in table:
Project organic management in the works, every " work " organization arrangement (when overlap joint away from) estimate variance (υ2 j(LT)Take following calculating As a result maximum value)
" work " will consider in organization and administration and the estimate variance of target control in the works, influence to next " work " Interval time (Lag between " work "i-j) influence factor, be as follows:
, every main " work " accumulative estimated time to completion deviation variance υ2 j(t)Calculation method:
Note:
(1)EFi'-for main " work " i is because estimation work deadline estimated bias influences, the time that can be completed at the latest, By Parameters of Normal Distribution λiWhen >=3.5, P(iEF’)≈ 100%, so
(2) project organic management and target control in the works, the variance of every main " work " estimated time to completion deviation by Two parts composition: i.e. υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2) and*σj 2；υ2 i(t)It also include two parts, i.e. υ2 i(t)With*σi 2For j's " work " It influences；υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2The estimate variance of)-be j attack time；υ2 i(t)(do not include*σi 2)-start for i work The estimate variance of time.
In combination project, the calculating of project organic management and target control multistage system of planning time parameter and estimate variance Method:
The project organic management and target control multistage system of planning time parameter and estimation side that duration control is established step by step The calculation method of difference:
(1) level-one respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, really Determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(2) second level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, really Determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
Note: level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the duration of sub-item, be second level sub-item organization and administration with The target duration of target control plan；
(3) three-level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、 υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, really Determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
Note: second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the individual event purpose duration, for three-level individual event purpose organization and administration with The target duration of target control plan；
(4) second level respectively organizes and target control plan, the calculating of estimate variance: with the organization and administration of three-level individual event purpose With the estimate variance of target control plan, deadline, as second level organization and administration with target control in the works, individual event mesh work The estimate variance of phase calculates the υ of organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item of second leveli 2；
(5) level-one organization and administration with target control plan, the calculating of estimate variance: with the organization and administration of second level sub-item with Target control plan, the estimate variance of deadline, as level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the sub-item duration Estimate variance, first order calculation organization and administration and the υ of target control plani 2。
The project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, time parameter and pass that reversely duration control is established step by step The calculation method of key variance:
(1) three-level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、 υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, really Determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(2) second level respectively organizes and target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance: each with three-level respectively The organization and administration of individual event purpose and the duration of target control plan and the estimate variance of duration, as second level organization and administration and target In control plan, the estimate variance of each individual event purpose duration and duration:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、 υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, really Determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(3) level-one organization and administration are with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance: respectively with each point of second level The organization and administration of project and the duration of target control plan and the estimate variance of duration, as level-one organization and administration and target control System in the works, the estimate variance of the duration of each sub-item and duration:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、 υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, really Determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi。
The estimate variance of organizations at different levels management and target control plan:
(1) sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for second level organization and administration with Target control is in the works, sub-item organizes and the estimate variance of target control planned start time；
(2) individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for three levels of organization management with Target control in the works, the estimate variance of single project organic management and target control planned start time；
(3) three levels of organization manage with target control in the works, when the organization and administration of individual event purpose are completed with target control plan Between estimate variance, for second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the estimate variance of single project's finish time；
(4) second level is organized with target control in the works, when the organization and administration and target control plan of sub-item are completed Between estimate variance, for level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the estimate variance of sub-item deadline.
The resource requirement of " work " unit time, is the main resource considered when a kind of optimization of selection, for being not required to " work " of this resource is wanted, resource requirement is set as zero.
The resource requirement of individual event mesh unit time is equal to single project organic management and target control plan resource requirement Summation divided by the individual event purpose duration；Equally, the resource requirement of sub-item unit time, be equal to sub-item organization and administration with The summation of target control plan resource requirement divided by sub-item duration.
The present invention combines project, one by one project organic management and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target Control constant multistage system of planning duration, the least Optimization Steps of resource needs and method:
Projects organization and administration and target control plan and (or) project organic management and mesh in combination project are determined first Mark controls that the multistage system of planning duration is constant, resource needs least optimization sequence: by projects organization and administration and target control Plan and (or) project organic management and the sequence of target control multistage system of planning time started optimize；Time started It is identical, it is sequentially optimized by the rear elder generation of its end time；End time is also identical, and it is small first to optimize duration estimate variance 's；Duration estimate variance is also identical, after relative importance, relatively important row.
There are mainly three types of the indexs for measuring the equilibrium of completion task or resource consumption equilibrium:
(1) resources requirement unbalance factor K, K=resources requirement peak value Rmax/ unit time resources requirement is put down Mean value Rm；
(2) the very poor Δ R of resources requirement, Δ R=max [| R(t)—Rm|], 0≤t≤T, R(t)The resource of-day part needs The amount of asking；The duration of T-project organic management and target control scheme (or plan)；
(3) resources requirement meansquaredeviationσ2, σ2=1/T ∑ [R(t)—Rm]2, 1≤t≤T；
Note: K, Δ R, σ2All be it is smaller, resource requirement harmony it is better.
The present invention combines the organization and administration of project middle term mesh and the target control multistage system of planning, and the duration is constant step by step, combines Project resource needs least Optimization Steps and method:
(1) by projects organization and administration in combination project and target control plan and (or) the project organic management except optimization With other than the target control multistage system of planning, the afterbody each group of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning Knit management and target control the time ES that work in every may start earliest in the worksiAnd the project organic management and mesh of optimization Mark controls level-one organization and administration and the target control time that each sub-item may start earliest in the works of the multistage system of planning ESi, its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn, and count its resource and need dynamic table；
(2) it within the scope of the project organic management of optimization and target control multistage system of planning duration, is moved by resource requirement State table, be respectively adopted from left to right with from right to left find resource requirement most periods, as optimization the period；And to the period Interior non-key sub-item after being ranked up by the following method, will come last sub-item, in TFiIn range, optimization (or Move to right) to carrying out after the period；Then continue to optimize by the above process；It is every to optimize a step, with sub-item after optimization Time started earliest may time started ES as iti, re-start project organic management and target control multistage plan body System, level-one organization and administration calculate with the time parameter of target control plan, repaint and combine project Gantt chart or vivid progress Figure, and count its resource and need dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；It is optimized to no optimizable non-key When sub-item, the resource requirement of most periods is needed to be compared resource after every one-step optimization, relatively minimal resource Requirement, as optimization project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, level-one organization and administration and target control meter It draws, the duration is constant, combines project resource needs least resource requirement；Then, carry out from left to right with find from right to left The comparison of the most period optimum results of resource requirement selects more excellent scheme.
Optimize in the period, the sort method of non-key sub-item:
(1)TFi- Δ t >=0, and TFi- Δ t is small；
(2)TFi- Δ t is identical, FFiBig；
(3)FFiAlso identical, TiLong；
(4)TiAlso identical, RiMore；
(5)RiAlso identical, ESiEarly；
(6)ESiAlso identical, υi 2Big；
(7)υi 2Also identical, σi 2Big；
(8)σi 2Also identical, it sorts in the works in project organic management with target control preceding.
Note: Δ t-optimization (or moving to right) time.
Bonding relation is the sub-item of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, and one point is pressed in optimization process Project optimizes；
Level-one organization and administration and target control plan are carried out, the duration is constant, combines project resource needs least optimization, One of feature, be to second level in the works, the optimization of the organization and administration of each sub-item and target control planned start time；
Carry out second level respectively organize with target control plan time it is constant, combine the least optimization of project resource needs, Optimization Steps are as follows:
(1) level-one organization and administration and target control plan time it is constant, combine the minimum optimum results of project resource needs Under the conditions of, by the duration of second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, in addition its sub-item is in level-one Organization and administration and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), then re-start the tub of tissue of second level each sub-item in the works Reason and the time parameter of target control plan calculate；
(2) by projects organization and administration in combination project and target control plan and (or) the project organic management except optimization With other than the target control multistage system of planning, the afterbody each group of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning Knit management and target control the time ES that work in every may start earliest in the worksiAnd the project organic management and mesh of optimization The second level that mark controls the multistage system of planning respectively organizes and the target control time that each individual event mesh may start earliest in the works ESi, its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn, and count its resource and need dynamic table；
(3) it within the scope of the project organic management of optimization and target control multistage system of planning duration, is moved by resource requirement State table, be respectively adopted from left to right with from right to left find resource requirement most periods, as optimization the period；And to the period Interior non-key individual event mesh after being ranked up by the following method, will come last individual event mesh, in TFiIn range, optimization (or Move to right) to carrying out after the period；
(4) one step of every optimization, with the individual event purpose time started after optimization, the time (ES that may start earliest as iti), By reversed duration control method, the calculating that re-starts project organic management and target control multistage system of planning time parameter, Then by the duration of second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, in addition its sub-item is in level-one group Knit management and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start the second level organization and administration of each sub-item and mesh in the works The time parameter for marking control plan calculates；Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are repainted, and counts resource and needs dynamic table, It then proceedes to optimize by the above process.
When being optimized to no optimizable non-key individual event mesh, the resource of most periods is needed to resource after every one-step optimization Requirement is compared, relatively minimal resource requirement, as optimization project organic management and the plan of target control multistage System, second level organization and administration and target control plan time are constant, combine the least resource requirement of project resource needs；So Afterwards, it carries out from left to right compared with finding the most period optimum results of resource requirement from right to left, selects more excellent scheme.
Optimize non-key individual event purpose sort method in the period:
(1)(TFi- Δ t) >=0, and (TFi- Δ t) is small；
(2)(TFi- Δ t) is identical, FFiSmall；
(3)FFiAlso identical, ESiEarly；
(4)ESiAlso identical, RiMore；
(5)RiAlso identical, TiLong；
(6)TiAlso identical, the LF of organization and administration and target control plan where workFINEvening；
(7)LFFINAlso identical, the ES of organization and administration and target control plan where workSTEvening；
(8)ESSTAlso identical, the υ of organization and administration and target control plan where workFIN 2Big；
(9)υFIN 2Also identical, υi 2Big；
(10)υi 2Also identical, σi 2Big；
(11)σi 2Also identical, work is in organization and administration with target control plan or in the organization and administration of tight prime and target control In the works, it sorts preceding.Note: Δ t-optimization (or moving to right) time.
Bonding relation is the individual event mesh of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, and a list is pressed in optimization process Project optimizes；
Carry out that second level organization and administration and target control plan time are constant, combine the least optimization of project resource needs, One of feature, be to three-level in the works, the organization and administration of each individual event purpose and the optimization of target control planned start time；
Carry out three-level respectively organize with target control plan time it is constant, combine the least optimization of project resource needs, Optimization Steps are as follows:
(1) second level organization and administration and target control plan time it is constant, combine the minimum optimum results of project resource needs Under the conditions of, by reversed duration control method, re-start project organic management and target control multistage system of planning time parameter Calculating, then by the duration of second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, in addition its sub-item exists Level-one organization and administration and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start the tub of tissue of second level each sub-item in the works Reason and the time parameter of target control plan calculate；Then by three-level each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control in the works The duration of plan, in addition its individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and the total poor (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start three The time parameter of each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control plan calculates grade in the works；
(2) by projects organization and administration in combination project and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control The afterbody for making the multistage system of planning respectively organizes and the target control time that work in every may start earliest in the works ESi, draw its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart, and count its resource and need dynamic table；
(3) it within the scope of the project organic management of optimization and target control multistage system of planning duration, is moved by resource requirement State table, be respectively adopted from left to right with from right to left find resource requirement most periods, as optimization the period；And to the period Interior non-key work after being ranked up by the following method, will come last work, in TFiIn range, optimization it is (or right Move) to carrying out after the period；
(4) one step of every optimization, as the time (ES that it may start earliest at the beginning of being worked using after optimizationi), it presses Reversed duration control method re-starts the calculating, right of project organic management and target control multistage system of planning time parameter Afterwards by the duration of second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, in addition its sub-item is in level-one tissue Management and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start the organization and administration and target of second level each sub-item in the works The time parameter of control plan calculates；Then by three-level, each individual event purpose organizes the work with target control plan in the works Phase, in addition its individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and the total poor (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start three-level in the works The time parameter of each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control plan calculates；Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are repainted, And count resource and need dynamic table, it then proceedes to optimize by the above process.
When being optimized to no optimizable non-key work, the resource of most periods is needed to need resource after every one-step optimization It measures and is compared, relatively minimal resource requirement, as optimization project organic management and target control multistage plan body System, three levels of organization's management and target control plan time are constant, combine the least resource requirement of project resource needs；Then, It carries out selecting more excellent scheme from left to right compared with finding the most period optimum results of resource requirement from right to left.
Optimize in the period, the sort method of non-key work:
(1)(TFi- Δ t) >=0, and (TFi- Δ t) is small；
(2)(TFi- Δ t) is identical, FFiSmall；
(3)FFiAlso identical, ESiEarly；
(4)ESiAlso identical, riMore；
(5)riAlso identical, tiLong；
(6)tiAlso identical, the LF of organization and administration and target control plan where workFINEvening；
(7)LFFINAlso identical, the ES of organization and administration and target control plan where workSTEvening；
(8)ESSTAlso identical, the υ of organization and administration and target control plan where workFIN 2Big；
(9)υFIN 2Also identical, υi 2Big；
(10)υi 2Also identical, σi 2Big；
(11)σi 2Also identical, work is in organization and administration with target control plan or in the organization and administration of tight prime and target control In the works, it sorts preceding；Note: Δ t-optimization (or moving to right) time；
Bonding relation is the work of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, FTS and STF, is pressed in optimization process One work optimizes.
In combination project, projects organization and administration and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control it is more The grade system of planning, optimization is completed one by one in order, that is, completes the optimization of a circulation；Then the above Optimization Steps and method are pressed, Carry out the optimization of next circulation；Until without optimizable non-key work.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of any projects combo multistage plan of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step, it is characterised in that: realize one Each intermediate item of kind or taskings' management are organized with target control plan and (or) using decomposition step by step, formulation respectively at different levels With target control plan, in the case of the project organic management of foundation and target control multistage system of planning any combination, as one A entirety, the duration is constant, combination project middle term mesh is organized need to the combination project resource of the target control multistage system of planning The complete scheme at least optimized is sought, is realized by following steps:
The wherein multistage system of planning in combination project, is decomposed with project using sub-item step by step, individual event mesh and specific works three-level, By formulating at different levels, each organization and administration and target control plan, project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning are established For, specific method of the invention is illustrated:
Level of decomposition formulates the level-one organization and administration and target control plan, i.e. project organic management and target control meter of project It draws；
Second level is decomposed, and formulates the second level organization and administration and target control plan of project, i.e., each sub-item organization and administration and mesh respectively Mark control plan；
Three-level is decomposed, and formulates the three levels of organization's management and target control plan of project, i.e., each single project organic management and mesh respectively Mark control plan；
At different levels, each organization and administration and target control plan are formulated by the above process, establish project organic management and target control is more The grade system of planning；
It is multistage by projects organization and administration in combination project and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control The sequencing of system of planning time started, in the period where the project organic management of optimization and the target control multistage system of planning Inside it is combined that project duration is constant, resource needs least optimization；
It is multistage by projects organization and administration in combination project and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control The sequencing of system of planning time started optimizes completion one by one, i.e., completion combination project duration is constant, resource needs are least The optimization of one circulation；Then proceed by the optimization of next circulation；Until not having in combination project optimizable non-key Until work；
The combination project duration of the organization and administration of step (1) level-one and target control plan is constant, resource needs least optimization:
Step (1-1) is according to projects organization and administration in combination and target control plan and (or) the project organic management except optimization With the afterbody tissue of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning other than the target control multistage system of planning The time that management may start earliest with target control plan work in every draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress lateral road respectively Figure；And by the organization and administration of the level-one of the project organic management of optimization and the target control multistage system of planning and target control plan The time that middle items sub-item may start earliest draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (1-2) is according to projects organization and administration in combination and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control The Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing for making the multistage system of planning, count resource requirement dynamic congregate table；
Step (1-3) is sweet according to the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning and group item purpose optimized in combination Spy's figure or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource requirement dynamic congregate table；By resource requirement dynamic congregate table respectively from left to right with from The right side to left searchings resource requirement most periods, as optimization the period, and in the period, optimize project organic management and target The level-one organization and administration and the non-key sub-item of target control in the works for controlling the multistage system of planning carry out relative importance Sequence, before relatively important row；A last sub-item will be come, be optimized to the period within the scope of total time difference with laggard Row；Then using the sub-item time started after optimization as its earliest possible time started, the calculating of its time parameter is re-started； Repaint its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and the statistics for carrying out resource requirement dynamic table；Then press the above optimization method Continue to optimize, until without optimizable non-key sub-item；
After step (1-4) optimizes, the resources requirement of resource requirement most periods after every one-step optimization is compared, Select the resources requirement of its resource requirement most periods it is relatively minimal be optimized for optimum results；Then application item tub of tissue Reason with the balanced index of target control plan, carry out from left to right with from right to left searching the most period optimum results of resource requirement Resources balance compares, and selects preferable prioritization scheme；As level-one organization and administration with target control plan, combine project duration not Become, the least optimum results of resource requirement；
Step (2) is level-one organization and administration and the combination project duration of target control plan be constant, resource needs at least to optimize On the basis of, by the duration of the organization and administration of each sub-item of second level and target control plan, in addition the sub-item is in level-one tub of tissue Reason and the total time difference of target control in the works；Then the time parameter of each second level organization and administration and target control plan is re-started It calculates, then the combination project duration of the organization and administration of progress second level and target control plan is constant, resource needs are minimum optimizes:
Step (2-1) is according to projects organization and administration in combination and target control plan and (or) the project organic management except optimization With the afterbody tissue of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning other than the target control multistage system of planning The time that management may start earliest with target control plan work in every draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress lateral road respectively Figure；And by the organization and administration of the second level of the project organic management of optimization and the target control multistage system of planning and target control plan The time that middle items individual event mesh may start earliest draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (2-2) is according to projects organization and administration in combination and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control The Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing for making the multistage system of planning, count resource requirement dynamic congregate table；
Step (2-3) is sweet according to the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning and group item purpose optimized in combination Spy's figure or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource requirement dynamic congregate table；By resource requirement dynamic congregate table respectively from left to right with from The right side to left searchings resource requirement most periods, as optimization the period, and in the period, optimize project organic management and target The second level organization and administration and the non-key individual event mesh of target control in the works for controlling the multistage system of planning carry out relative importance Sequence, before relatively important row；A last individual event mesh will be come, be optimized to the period within the scope of total time difference with laggard Row；Then using the individual event mesh time started after optimization as its earliest possible time started, the calculating of its time parameter is re-started； Repaint its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and the statistics for carrying out resource requirement dynamic table；Then press the above optimization method Continue to optimize, until without optimizable non-key individual event mesh；
After step (2-4) optimizes, the resources requirement of resource requirement most periods after every one-step optimization is compared, Select the resources requirement of its resource requirement most periods it is relatively minimal be optimized for optimum results；Then application item tub of tissue Reason with the balanced index of target control plan, carry out from left to right with from right to left searching the most period optimum results of resource requirement Resources balance compares, and selects preferable prioritization scheme；As second level organization and administration with target control plan, combine project duration not Become, the least optimum results of resource requirement；
Step (3) is second level organization and administration and the combination project duration of target control plan be constant, resource needs at least to optimize On the basis of, by the duration of three-level each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control plan, in addition the individual event mesh is in second level tub of tissue Reason and the total time difference of target control in the works；Then the time parameter of each three levels of organization management and target control plan is re-started It calculates, then the combination project duration of the management of progress three levels of organization and target control plan is constant, resource needs are minimum optimizes:
Step (3-1) is according to projects organization and administration in combination and target control plan and (or) the project organic management except optimization With the afterbody tissue of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning other than the target control multistage system of planning The time that management may start earliest with target control plan work in every draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress lateral road respectively Figure；And by the management of the three levels of organization of the project organic management of optimization and the target control multistage system of planning and target control plan The time that middle work in every may start earliest draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (3-2) is according to projects organization and administration in combination and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control The Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing for making the multistage system of planning, count resource requirement dynamic congregate table；
Step (3-3) is sweet according to the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning and group item purpose optimized in combination Spy's figure or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource requirement dynamic congregate table；By resource requirement dynamic congregate table respectively from left to right with from The right side to left searchings resource requirement most periods, as optimization the period, and in the period, optimize project organic management and target The three levels of organization's management and the non-key work of target control in the works for controlling the multistage system of planning carry out relative importance It sorts, before relatively important row；A last job will be come, is optimized to after the period and carries out within the scope of total time difference； Then using attack time after optimization as its earliest possible time started, the calculating of its time parameter is re-started；Again Draw its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and the statistics for carrying out resource requirement dynamic table；Then continue by the above optimization method It optimizes, until without optimizable non-key individual event mesh；
After step (3-4) optimizes, the resources requirement of resource requirement most periods after every one-step optimization is compared, Select the resources requirement of its resource requirement most periods it is relatively minimal be optimized for optimum results；Then application item tub of tissue Reason with the balanced index of target control plan, carry out from left to right with from right to left searching the most period optimum results of resource requirement Resources balance compares, and selects preferable prioritization scheme；As combine the project team optimized in one loop optimization of project projects The combination project duration for knitting management and the target control multistage system of planning is constant, the least optimum results of resource requirement.
2. any projects combo multistage plan of a kind of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, any project:
(1) according to project or the type of the decomposed sub-item of task (individual event mesh, specific works), project (sub-item, individual event mesh) It is divided into type, non-type certainly and three kinds of mixed type certainly；
(2) according to when being overlapped between project or the decomposed sub-item of task (individual event mesh, specific works) away from type, project (divides Project, individual event mesh) method for organizing is divided into type, non-type and three kinds of mixed type certainly certainly；
(3) all kinds of project organic managements and target control plan and at different levels, each tissue in all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning Management and target control plan, comprising:
1) certainly type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the organization and administration and target control meter that type method for organizing is formulated certainly It draws；
2) certainly type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the non-organization and administration and target control that type method for organizing is formulated certainly Plan；
3) organization and administration and target control certainly type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing Plan；
4) non-affirmative type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the organization and administration and target control that type method for organizing is formulated certainly Plan；
5) non-affirmative type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), the organization and administration and target control formulated using non-type method for organizing certainly System plan；
6) non-affirmative type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), the organization and administration and target control formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing System plan；
7) mixed type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the organization and administration and target control meter that type method for organizing is formulated certainly It draws；
8) mixed type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the non-organization and administration and target control that type method for organizing is formulated certainly Plan；
9) mixed type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), the organization and administration formulated using mixed type method for organizing and target control meter It draws.
3. any projects combo multistage plan of a kind of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step according to claim 1, It is characterized in that described: re-starting organization and administration as its earliest possible time started at the beginning of " work " using after optimization With the calculating of target control planned time parameter；It is one step of every optimization, after optimization at the beginning of " work ", earliest as it Time (the ES that may starti), project organic management and the plan of target control multistage are re-started by reversed duration control method After the calculating of system time parameter, by the duration of second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, in addition Its sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), it re-starts second level and respectively itemizes in the works Purpose organization and administration and the time parameter of target control plan calculate；Then, by three-level, each individual event purpose is organized in the works With the duration of target control plan, in addition its individual event mesh second level organization and administration with the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), Re-starting three-level, the time parameter of each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control plan calculates in the works.
4. any projects combo multistage plan of a kind of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step according to claim 1, Be characterized in that: described any combination, including carry out as a whole organization of unity management and target control each intermediate item or Taskings' management and target control plan and (or) each intermediate item or taskings' management and the target control multistage system of planning Dynamic any combination, i.e., project complete nature exit combination, increase the project of combination at any time as needed.
5. any projects combo multistage plan of a kind of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step according to claim 1, It is characterized in that described: according to projects organization and administration in combination and target control plan and (or) project organic management and target control The Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing for making the multistage system of planning, count resource requirement dynamic congregate table；It is to select a kind of need The statistics that the main resource to be optimized carries out resource requirement dynamic table summarizes, and carries out the optimization of resource object；For not needing The work of this resource, resource requirement are set as zero.
6. any projects combo multistage plan of a kind of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step according to claim 1, It is characterized in that:
(1) level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the resource requirement of sub-item unit time, be equal to second level tub of tissue Reason with target control in the works, the resource of the organization and administration of sub-item and target control plan need total amount, divided by sub-item Duration；
(2) second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the resource requirement of individual event mesh unit time, be equal to three levels of organization manage Reason with target control in the works, the organization and administration of individual event purpose with the resource of target control plan need total amount, divided by individual event purpose Duration.
7. any projects combo multistage plan of a kind of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: being controlled by the duration step by step, decomposed step by step, at different levels formulate respectively organizes and target control plan, the item of foundation The time parameter calculation method of mesh organization and administration and the target control multistage system of planning:
(1) level-one respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(2) second level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
Note: level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the duration of sub-item, be second level sub-item organization and administration and target The target duration of control plan；
(3) three-level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
Note: second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the individual event purpose duration, for three-level individual event purpose organization and administration and target The target duration of control plan；
(4) second level respectively organizes and the calculating of target control plan estimate variance: with the organization and administration of three-level individual event purpose and mesh The estimate variance for marking the control plan deadline, as second level organize with target control in the works, list project duration estimates Variance is counted, the υ of organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item of second level is calculatedi 2；
(5) level-one respectively organizes and the calculating of target control plan estimate variance: with the organization and administration of second level sub-item and mesh The estimate variance for marking the control plan deadline, as level-one organize with target control in the works, sub-item duration estimates Count variance, the υ of first order calculation organization and administration and target control plani 2；
(6) sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for second level organization and administration and target In control plan, sub-item organizes and the estimate variance of target control planned start time；
(7) individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for three levels of organization management and target In control plan, the estimate variance of single project organic management and target control planned start time；
(8) in the works, individual event purpose organizes and target control Projected completion time for three levels of organization's management and target control Estimate variance, for second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the estimate variance of single project's finish time；
(9) second level is organized with target control in the works, organization and administration and the target control Projected completion time of sub-item Estimate variance, for level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the estimate variance of sub-item deadline.
8. any projects combo multistage plan of a kind of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: being controlled by the reversed duration step by step, decomposition, the organization and administration of formulation respectively at different levels and target control plan, are established step by step Project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning time parameter calculation method:
(1) three-level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(2) second level respectively organizes and target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance: respectively with each individual event of three-level Purpose organization and administration and the duration of target control plan and the estimate variance of duration, as second level organization and administration and target control meter In drawing, the estimate variance of each individual event purpose duration and duration:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(3) level-one respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance: respectively itemized with second level respectively Purpose organization and administration and the duration of target control plan and the estimate variance of duration, as level-one organization and administration and target control meter In drawing, the estimate variance of the duration of each sub-item and duration:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(4) sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for second level organization and administration and target The estimate variance of sub-item organization and administration and target control planned start time in control plan；
(5) individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for three levels of organization management and target The estimate variance of single project organic management and target control planned start time in control plan；
(6) in the works, individual event purpose organizes and target control Projected completion time for three levels of organization's management and target control Estimate variance, for the estimate variance of second level organization and administration and target control single project's finish time in the works；
(7) second level is organized with target control in the works, organization and administration and the target control Projected completion time of sub-item Estimate variance, for the estimate variance of level-one organization and administration and target control sub-item deadline in the works.
9. any projects combo multistage plan of a kind of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: for using STS(LT by technique requirementi), FTF(LTj), STF(LTi, LTj), STS and FTF(LTi, LTj), STS With STF(LTi, LTi', LTj), FTS and STF(LT, LTi, LTj) one of organizational form sub-item (individual event mesh, specific works), It is optimized as a sub-item (individual event mesh, specific works).
10. any projects combo multistage plan of a kind of critical path method minimum optimization method of resource step by step according to claim 1, Be characterized in that: the resource step by step at least optimizes, and it is to two that level-one is organized at least to be optimized with the resource of target control plan The optimization of grade organization and administration and target control planned start time；Equally, the resource of second level organization and administration and target control plan Minimum optimization is the optimization to three levels of organization's management and target control planned start time.
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CN103295100A (en) * 2013-05-28 2013-09-11 机械工业第六设计研究院有限公司 Project management progress arranging method and project management progress arranging system
CN103761614A (en) * 2014-01-20 2014-04-30 北京仿真中心 Project progress management method based on critical chain

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