CN110322042A - A kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method - Google Patents

A kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method Download PDF

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CN110322042A
CN110322042A CN201910254383.8A CN201910254383A CN110322042A CN 110322042 A CN110322042 A CN 110322042A CN 201910254383 A CN201910254383 A CN 201910254383A CN 110322042 A CN110322042 A CN 110322042A
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吴茜龄
吴开平
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Jinan Senkun Enterprise Management Consulting Co Ltd
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    • G06Q10/10—Office automation; Time management
    • G06Q10/109—Time management, e.g. calendars, reminders, meetings or time accounting

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Abstract

A kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method, the present invention provides one kind: each intermediate item is organized and target control plan using decomposition step by step, at different levels formulate respectively, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of foundation, different resource demand peaks, the method for optimizing resources of corresponding different durations, its step: (1) according to afterbody respectively organize with target control in the works, work in every earliest may beginning time, its Gantt chart is drawn, and carries out the statistics of resource requirement dynamic table；(2) by the dynamic table of resource requirement, respectively from left to right with from right to left find resource requirement most periods, and to the work in the period by duration influence degree size and relative importance be ranked up, (3) carry out after coming a last optimization to the period；Optimize by the above process, before being respectively compared each claim for eot, in optimization process resource requirement most periods resource requirement, determine different resource demand most periods resource requirement and the corresponding duration.

Description

A kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to critical path method technical fields, are the masters of critical path method project or taskings management and target control technology Want one of component part, specifically, be it is a kind of for policymaker evaluate selection, project or task using decompose step by step, it is at different levels Organization and administration and target control plan are formulated respectively, establish project or taskings' management and the target control system of planning, it is different The resources requirement of resource requirement most periods, the method for optimizing resources of corresponding different durations.
Background technique
Eighties of last century early fifties, in order to be applicable in the development of production and the scientific research and technological development of relationship complexity The managerial needs of job engineering, each advanced industrial country has all successively carried out the research of planning management new technology in the world, wherein Successfully CPM (critical path method) and PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) is studied in the U.S. first, is established due to such methods and is closed in work It is the formulation of plan, coordination, optimization and control organically to be combined, on the basis of network model so being referred to as in foreign countries For network planning technique.
The U.S. is applied to the development of establishment Polaris missile in the PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) of invention in 1956 at that time Plan, has coordinated 3,000 many enterprises, and making plan, two years ahead completes on schedule；It is applied to cost more than 400 again later Hundred million dollars, mobilize manpower more than 40 ten thousand Apollo space program management and control, obtain good result.
It is counted according to kremlin, the construction and erection enterprises of application network planning technique, the duration can shorten 20%, engineering Cost can reduce by 10% or so.
In March, 1978, civil engineering association, U.S. proceedings comment on that this method is current only planning management newly side Method, and in foreseeable future, it is not in the new method of one kind to substitute it, therefore, we should enjoy it, use It, improve it.
Currently, each advanced industrial country, such as the United States, Russia, English, day, method, moral in the world, is all promoting and applying network planning skill Art.
The famous mathematician Hua Luogeng professor in China, from the national conditions in China, absorbing, external network planning technique is theoretical On the basis of, " critical path method " scientific system is established, and since eighties of last century early sixties, promotes answer in production practice With achieving huge economic benefit.
Since network planning technique is there are following many defects and deficiency, influences and restrict pushing away for network planning technique Row is promoted, popularization and application:
(1) restriction and planar network of project or taskings management and target control plannet model rule are established The restriction of model tormulation mode manages most projects or taskings and is unable to complete with target control person, especially compared with Big or more complex project；
(2) it is unfavorable for the restriction of computer technology application, the application of such technology depends on the support of computer technology, net Foundation, modification, the calculating of time parameter, the optimal control of constructing aims and optimal control of resource object of network model etc., only It is difficult to complete by manpower；
(3) restriction of application range, CPM are only applicable to type project or task certainly and are directly decomposed into a series of specific works Organization and administration and target control；PERT is only applicable to the evaluation of non-type project or task milestone target certainly；And with section Comprehensive fast development of technology, not only most projects or task have the feature of mixed type, and method for organizing also has There is the feature of mixed type；
(4) lack necessary function technology, major function technology only has: time-cost trade-off technology；Duration is constant, money Source demand balance optimizing technology；Resource is limited, duration most short optimisation technique；It is commented with non-type project or task milestone target certainly The technology of examining；
(5) all there is apparent defect and deficiency in major function technology, such as:
1) it time-cost trade-off technology: needs to carry out time parameter meter by the route that key job forms to each respectively After calculation, critical circuits can be just judged, need to calculate the rate of each single item key job, just can be carried out the optimization of duration-cost, This be in practical work it is highly difficult, it is even impossible；
2) duration is constant, resources balance optimisation technique: its optimization method does not consider non-key work in part (or motor-driven) Resource requirement current intelligence in time difference range, hence it is evident that unreasonable；
3) resource is limited, duration shortest optimisation technique: the work started before the period will be optimized and come most important first place, Do not consider influence size of the optimization of the non-key work started before the optimization period to the duration；
4) Evaluation technology of non-type project or task milestone target certainly, when not considering non-key milestone target interval Between Lagi-jInfluence etc. to estimate variance.
Network planning technique belongs to critical path method, is one of application technology of critical path method；It may be said that network planning technique is system Method is raised, not vice versa.
Project or taskings' management and the target control multistage system of planning, resource and duration dynamic reviewing method, are systems It raises method project or taskings' management and the resource optimization of duration corresponding to target control technology, different resource demand peaks is commented The method of examining, embodiment is that Hua Luogeng professor is pointed: using critical path method, wanting the time to key job, wants to non-key work Benefit.
There is no the resource of project or taskings management and the target control multistage system of planning in traditional network planning technique With duration dynamic optimization reviewing method.
Project or taskings' management and the target control multistage system of planning, difference work corresponding to different resource demand peaks Phase, be policymaker evaluated according to resources supplIes and construction period, select foundation one of.
Summary of the invention
The present invention according to project or taskings management with the target control multistage system of planning in it is at different levels, it is each organization and administration with Target control plan and afterbody respectively organize and the Gantt chart of target control plan or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource Demand dynamic table, sought by resource requirement dynamic table be respectively adopted from left to right with look for from right to left resource requirement most periods, make For optimize the period, in the period work, by duration influence degree size and relative importance be ranked up, to work Phase influences greatly and before relatively important work row, will then come and carries out after a last optimization to the period, presses Above method optimizes, and each project or taskings' management optimize with before target control multistage system of planning claim for eot The management of the resources requirement of relatively minimal resource requirement most periods in the process, as project or taskings and target control Resource requirement peak value corresponding to duration before multistage system of planning claim for eot.
For the present invention by project or task by organization and administration and target control requirement, " work " decomposed is divided into type certainly " work " and non-type " work " two types certainly:
(1) certainly type " work ": completing time t required for " work "i(or Ti) it is affirmative；
(2) non-affirmative type " work ": the time needed for completing " work " is non-affirmative, need to be carried out using three point estimations Complete the estimation of " work " time:
1)aT、mT、bT, DT=(aT+4mT+bT) ÷ 6, σT 2=[(bT-aT)÷6]2
2)at、mt、bt, Dt=(at+4mt+bt) ÷ 6, σt 2=[(bt-at)÷6]2
aT、atOptimistic completion " work " time；
mT、mtPossible completion " work " time；
bT、btPessimistic completion " work " time；
DT、DtThe weighted average of " work " time is completed in estimation；
σT 2、σt 2Complete the estimated bias of " work " time.
The present invention is decomposed the type of " work " by project, and project is divided into type, non-type certainly and three kinds of mixed type certainly Type:
(1) affirmative type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, " work " decomposed all is affirmative type " work Make "；
(2) non-type project certainly: by organization and administration and target control requirement, " work " decomposed all is non-type certainly " work "；
(3) mixed type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, " the work of the existing type certainly of " work " decomposed Make ", and have the work of non-type certainly.
Project of the present invention decomposes the organizational form between " work " and organizer by organization and administration and target control requirement Method has following seven kinds:
Project is by organization and administration and target control requirement, the organizational form and method for organizing between " work " decomposed, By taking i " work " and j " work " as an example, i " work " be j " work " it is tight before " work " or j " work " be the next of i " work " " work ", organizational form and method for organizing between i " work " and j " work ":
(1) FYS (LT): i " work " terminates LT days, and j " work " starts；
(2)STS(LTi): i " work " starts LTiIt, j " work " starts；
(3)FTF(LTj): i " work " terminates LTjIt, j " work " terminates；
(4)STF(LTi, LTj): i " work " starts LTiIt, use LT againjIt, j " work " terminates, i.e. j " work " will be in i " work " starts LTiAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(5) STS and FTF (LTi, LTj): i " work " starts LTiIt, j " work " start, i " work " end LTjIt, j " work " terminates；
(6) STS and STF (LTI,LTi’, LTj): i " work " starts LTi days, j " work " beginning, and i " work " starts LTi ‘It, use LT againjIt, j " work " terminates, i.e. j " work " will start LT in i " work "i’After it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(7) FTS and STF (LT, LTi, LTj): i " work " terminates LT days, j " work " beginning, and i " work " starts LTiIt, LT is used againjIt, j " work " terminates, i.e. j " work " will start LT in i " work "iAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates.
Organization and administration between " work " are divided into type certainly and non-two type of type certainly with target control mode by the present invention Type:
(1) type organizes and target control mode certainly: away from the organization and administration for being all affirmative when bonding relation and overlap joint With target control mode；
(2) the non-organization and administration of type certainly are with target control mode: bonding relation is affirmative；But away from being non-affirmative when overlapping , need to using three point estimations be overlapped when away from estimation:
a.LTa、LTm、LTb, DLT=(LTa+4LTm+LTb) ÷ 6, σLT 2=[(LTb-LTa)÷6]2
b.LTia、LTim、LTib, DiLT=(LTia+4LTim+LTib) ÷ 6, σiLT 2=[(LTib-LTia)÷6]2
c.LTja、LTjm、LTjb, DjLT=(LTja+4LTjm+LTjb) ÷ 6, σjLT 2=[(LTjb-LTja)÷6]2
d.LTI ' a、LTI ' m、LTI ' b, DI ' LT=(LTI ' a+4LTI ' m+LTI ' b) ÷ 6, σI ' LT 2=[(LTI ' b-LTI ' a)÷6]2
The present invention presses the difference of project organic management and target control mode and method, by project organic management and target control Mode processed and method are divided into type, non-type and mixed type three types certainly certainly:
(1) type project organic management and target control mode certainly: project decompose organization and administration between " work " and Target control mode is all the organization and administration and target control mode of type certainly；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control mode certainly: project decomposes the organization and administration between " work " It is all the organization and administration and target control mode of non-type certainly with target control mode；
(3) mixed type project organic management and target control mode: project decompose organization and administration between " work " with Target control mode, existing type certainly, also there are the organization and administration and target control mode of non-type certainly.
Mesh organization and administration of the present invention are divided into three classes with target control plan:
(1) type project organic management and target control plan certainly: type project certainly, using type organization and administration and mesh certainly Mark project organic management and the target control plan of control mode and method；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control plan certainly, include the following three types:
1) affirmative type project, project organic management and target control using the non-organization and administration of type certainly with target control mode System plan；
2) non-type project certainly, project organic management and target control using type organization and administration certainly with target control mode System plan；
3) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management and target of non-type certainly organization and administration and target control mode Control plan；
(3) mix mode project organic management and target control plan, including following five kinds:
1) mix mode project, project organic management and target control using type organization and administration certainly with target control mode Plan；
2) mixed type project, project organic management and target control using the non-organization and administration of type certainly with target control mode System plan；
3) mixed type project, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Plan；
4) non-type project certainly, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode System plan；
5) affirmative type project, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Plan.
Sub-item, individual event mesh, work three-level is pressed step by step with project below to decompose, it is at different levels to formulate organization and administration and target respectively Control plan, the project organic management and the target control system of planning of foundation, the duration is constant, is needed with resource at least for target For optimization, the present invention will be described.
The method for building up of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, as shown in the table:
The present invention by organization and administration with target control requirements, using duration control method step by step formulate organizations at different levels management and Target control plan, the project organic management of foundation and the target control multistage system of planning, as shown in the table:
(1) organization and administration of project level-one and target control plan system, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type sub-item is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the requirement of Yao Fuhe contract or predetermined duration.
(2) organization and administration of one of project second level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type individual event mesh is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project second level organization and administration and target control plan, by level-one organization and administration and target control plan In corresponding sub-item duration control.
(3) organization and administration of one of project three-level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work mesh is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project three levels of organization management and target control plan, by second level organization and administration and target control plan In, corresponding individual event purpose duration control.
The present invention is by organization and administration and target control requirement, using reversely duration control method formulates organizations at different levels' pipe step by step Reason and target control plan, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of foundation are as shown in the table:
(1) organization and administration of project level-one and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type sub-item is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0；
The target duration of project level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the requirement of Yao Fuhe contract or predetermined duration.
(2) organization and administration of one of project second level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type individual event mesh is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0；
The target duration of project second level each sub-item organization and administration and target control plan, as level-one organization and administration and mesh Mark the duration of corresponding sub-item in control plan.
(3) organization and administration of one of project three-level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0；
The target duration of project three-level each single project organic management and target control plan, as second level organization and administration and mesh It marks in control plan, the corresponding individual event purpose duration.
The present invention by organization and administration with target control requirements, using step by step with reversely step by step duration control method formulation it is at different levels Organization and administration and target control plan, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of foundation；With I and II tissue It manages and target control plan uses duration control step by step, two, three levels of organization's management and target control plan use reversely step by step It is as shown in the table for duration control:
(1) organization and administration of project level-one and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type sub-item is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0；
The target duration of project level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the requirement of Yao Fuhe contract or predetermined duration.
(2) organization and administration of one of project second level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type individual event mesh is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0；；
The target duration of project second level organization and administration and target control plan, by level-one organization and administration and target control plan In corresponding sub-item duration control.
(3) organization and administration of one of project three-level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0；
The target duration of project three-level each single project organic management and target control plan, as second level organization and administration and mesh It marks in control plan, the corresponding individual event purpose duration.
According to the above project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, at different levels, each organization and administration and target control Plan, by following steps, formulation and the project organic management and target control for completing organization and administration and target control plan are more The foundation of the grade system of planning:
(1) conversion for carrying out organizational logical relationship between " work ", such as by project organic management and target control plan system What the person of determining determined: B " work " it is tight before " work " be A " work ", be converted into next " work " of A " work " as B " work "；Or Next " work " of A " work " be B " work ", be converted into B " work " it is tight before " work " be A " work "；
(2) arrangement of organizational logical relationship is carried out
(3) inspection and supplement of job engineering logical relation defect: in main " work " list every " work ", ST is removed Outside, it must be determined that before having tightly " work ", including FIN；In addition to FIN, it must be determined that have next " work ", including ST；It is not any " work " it is tight before " work " " work ", be FIN it is tight before " work "；It is not " the work of next " work " of any " work " Make ", it is next " work " of ST；Determine it is tight before " work " or (and) do not determine " work " of next " work ", as There are " work " of tissue defects, should by organizational logical relationship, supplement its it is tight before " work " or (and) next " work "；
(4) in main " work " list " work " tissue sequence sequence: by ST successively are as follows: with ST for before tightly " work " of " work "；With ordering " work " be it is tight before " work " " work "；……；Until FIN；By FIN according to It is secondary are as follows: to take FIN as " work " of next " work "；It take ordering " work " as " work " of next " work "；……；Until ST；
(5) inspection and modification of job engineering logical relation defect and mistake: suitable by tight preceding tissue sequence and next tissue In sequence sequencer procedure, fail " work " of completing sequence, as there is organizational logical relationship defect or wrong " work ", it should be by Organizational logical relationship is supplemented or is modified.
The present invention is at different levels, each organization and administration are as follows with the time parameter calculation method of target control plan:
(1) time that " work " may start earliest
(2) time that " work " may terminate earliest
(3) interval time between " work "
(4) motor-driven (part) time difference to work: FFi=min (Lagi-j)；
(5) total time difference to work: TFi=min (TFj+Lagi-j)；
(6) it works the time that must start at the latest: LSi=ESi+TFi；
(7) it works the time that must terminate at the latest: LFi=EFi+TFi。
The present invention is at different levels, each organization and administration are as follows with the estimate variance calculation method of target control plan:
The present invention is after the completion of at different levels, each organization and administration are calculated with target control planned time parameter, by every main " work Make " influence of the deadline estimated bias to next " work " implementation process, carry out deviations2Adjustment after, carry out its estimation side The calculating of difference.
For " work " (i.e. the discontinuous " work ") of discontinuous completion, the time Estimate deviation that " works " is completed Adjustment；
The method of adjustment of every main " work " estimation " work " deadline deviation:
Note:
(1)*σi 2- it is σ adjustedi 2；
(2)σi 2The variance of-estimated time to completion the deviation for being main " work " i: σi 2=[(bit-ait)÷6]2, in which:
1)bitPessimism (longest) value of-estimated time to completion for being main " work " i；
2)aitOptimism (most short) value of-estimated time to completion for being main " work " i；
(3)DitThe weighted average of-the estimated time to completion for being main " work " i: Dit=(ait+4mit+bit) ÷ 6, in which: mitMost probable (time) value of-estimated time to completion for being main " work " i；
(4)DitThe limit value of the estimated time to completion of main " work " i of '-be；
By Parameters of Normal DistributionWork as λiWhen >=3.5, P (Dit') ≈ 100%, so
It is organizing with target control in the works, the estimated bias of main " work " deadline, to next " work " Influence, away from (EF when considering actually to overlapi-ESj) influence, i.e., by when overlap joint away from influence of the adjustment to next " work ".
Temporal duration estimate variance is mainly overlapped between " work ", to next " work " influence value υ2 j(LT)Calculation method, under Shown in table:
Project organic management in the works, every " work " organization arrangement (when overlap joint away from) estimate variance (υ2 j(LT)Take following calculating As a result maximum value)
" work " will consider in organization and administration and the estimate variance of target control in the works, influence to next " work " Interval time (ES between " work "j-EFi) influence factor, be as follows:
Every main " work " adds up estimated time to completion deviation variance υ2 j(t)Calculation method:
Note:
(1)EFi'-for main " work " i is because estimation work deadline estimated bias influences, the time that can be completed at the latest, By Parameters of Normal Distribution λiWhen >=3.5, P(iEF’)≈ 100%, so
(2) project organic management and target control in the works, the variance of every main " work " estimated time to completion deviation by Two parts composition: i.e. υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2) and*σj 2；υ2 i(t)It also include two parts, i.e. υ2 i(t)With*σi 2For j's " work " It influences；υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2The estimate variance of)-be j attack time；υ2 i(t)(do not include*σi 2)-start for i work The estimate variance of time.
The present invention calculates ES by the table one and table two of project organic management and target control planning charti、EFi、υi 2；By table one Lag is calculated with table threei-jAnd determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSi、LFi。
The estimate variance of three-level each single project organic management and target control plan time, as corresponding second level sub-item group Knit management and target control in the works, the estimate variance of single project duration；Equally, each sub-item organization and administration of second level and target control The estimate variance of plan time processed is organized with target control in the works, the estimation side of sub-item duration as corresponding level-one Difference.
In the works with target control, the estimate variance of each sub-item time started is corresponding two fraction for level-one organization and administration Project organic management and target control plan, the estimate variance of time started；Equally, each sub-item organization and administration of second level and target In control plan, the estimate variance of each individual event mesh time started is corresponding three-level list project organic management and target control plan, The estimate variance of time started.
The resource requirement of individual event mesh unit time, is equal to single project organic management and target control plan, resource need The summation of amount is divided by the individual event purpose duration；Equally, the resource requirement of sub-item unit time, be equal to sub-item organization and administration with Target control plan, resource requirement summation divided by sub-item duration.
The resource and the dynamic of duration of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of the invention are evaluated, and are used Progress afterbody is respectively organized to be evaluated with the resource of target control plan and the dynamic of duration, and step is as follows with method:
(1) according to project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, by the tissue of second level each sub-item in the works The duration of management and target control plan, in addition its sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and the total time difference of target control in the works (TFi), then re-start second level in the works organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item time parameter calculate；
(2) according to the time parameter meter for re-starting second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works Calculation is as a result, by three-level, each individual event purpose organizes the duration with target control plan in the works, in addition its individual event mesh is in second level Organization and administration and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), then re-start three-level each individual event purpose tub of tissue in the works Reason and the time parameter of target control plan calculate；
(3) by three-level, each organization and administration and the target control time (ES that work in every may start earliest in the worksi), Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn respectively, and are counted resource and needed dynamic table；
(4) by resource requirement dynamic table, be respectively adopted from left to right with from right to left find resource requirement most periods, make To optimize the period；And in the period work, be ranked up by the following method after, it is (or right that last optimization will be come Move) to carrying out after the period；Then continue to optimize by the above process:
1) be optimized to first time project organic management to be extended with the target control multistage system of planning duration: the duration is extended Before, in optimization process, relatively minimal resource needs the resource requirement of most periods, as project organic management and target control Make the multistage system of planning duration be not extended before duration corresponding to resource need the resource requirements of most periods；
2) then continue to optimize by the above optimization method, be optimized to second of project organic management and target control is more Grade the system of planning duration be extended: the duration be extended before, in optimization process, relatively minimal resource needs the resource of most periods Duration institute before requirement, as project organic management are not extended with the target control multistage system of planning, second of duration is right The resource answered needs the resource requirement of most periods；
3) then continue to optimize by the above optimization method, determine that project organic management and target control are multistage respectively The system of planning, different resource need the duration corresponding to the resource requirement of most periods, one of the foundation as evaluation.
Optimize the sort method to work in the period:
(1)(TFi- Δ t) is small；
(2)(TFi- Δ t) is identical, FFiSmall；
(3)FFiAlso identical, ESiEarly；
(4)ESiAlso identical, riMore；
(5)riAlso identical, tiLong；
(6)tiAlso identical, the LF of organization and administration and target control plan where workFINEvening；
(7)LFFINAlso identical, the ES of organization and administration and target control plan where workSTEvening；
(8)ESSTAlso identical, the υ of organization and administration and target control plan where workFIN 2Big；
(9)υFIN 2Also identical, υi 2Big；
(10)υi 2Also identical, σi 2Big；
(11)σi 2Also identical, work is in organization and administration with target control plan or in the organization and administration of tight prime and target control In the works, it sorts preceding.Note: Δ t-optimization (or moving to right) time.
One step of every optimization, the time (ES at the beginning of working after optimization, as its possible beginning earliesti), by anti- To duration control method, project organic management is re-started with after the calculating of target control multistage system of planning time parameter, is incited somebody to action The duration of second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, and its sub-item level-one organization and administration with Total time difference (the TF of target control in the worksi), re-start the second level organization and administration of each sub-item and target control meter in the works The time parameter drawn calculates；Then, by three-level, each individual event purpose organizes the duration with target control plan in the works, in addition Its individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start three-level each individual event in the works Purpose organization and administration and the time parameter of target control plan calculate；Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are repainted, and is counted Resource needs dynamic table, then proceedes to optimize by the above process；
Bonding relation is the work of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, by a job in optimization process It optimizes.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method, it is characterised in that: realize one Kind each intermediate item or task take decompose step by step, it is at different levels formulate organization and administration and target control plan respectively, establish project or appoint Business organization and administration and the target control multistage system of planning, the complete scheme that different resource needs to limit the quantity with duration dynamic evaluation, lead to Cross following steps realization:
It is decomposed below with project using sub-item step by step, individual event mesh and specific works three-level, by formulating at different levels, each organization and administration With target control plan, establish for project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, to specific method of the invention It is illustrated:
Level of decomposition formulates the level-one organization and administration and target control plan, i.e. project organic management and target control meter of project It draws；
Second level decompose, respectively formulate project second level organization and administration with target control plan, i.e., the organization and administration of each sub-item with Target control plan；
Three-level is decomposed, and formulates the three levels of organization's management and target control plan of project respectively, i.e., the organization and administration of each individual event purpose with Target control plan；
At different levels, each organization and administration and target control plan are formulated by the above process, establish project organic management and target control is more The grade system of planning；
Step (1) by second level organization and administration and target control in the works, the organization and administration and target control plan of each sub-item Duration, plus the sub-item level-one organization and administration with the local or motor-driven time difference of target control in the works, then again into The organization and administration of each sub-item of row and the calculating of target control planned time parameter；
Step (2) by three levels of organization's management and target control in the works, the organization and administration of each individual event purpose and target control plan Duration, plus the individual event mesh second level organization and administration with the local or motor-driven time difference of target control in the works, then again into The calculating of row each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control planned time parameter；
Step (3) according to three levels of organization management with target control in the works, each individual event purpose organization and administration with target control plan, Its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing are drawn by the time that work in every may start earliest；
Step (4) counts resource requirement dynamic table according to Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (5) according to three levels of organization's management and target control in the works, respectively organize and target control plan and its is sweet Spy's figure or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource requirement dynamic table, respectively from left to right and from right to left by resource requirement dynamic table Find resource and need most periods, as the optimization period, and in the period work, by influence degree to the duration and opposite Significance level is ranked up, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important work row, a job for coming last is excellent It is carried out after changing to the period；
Step (6) one step of every optimization, re-starts the time started at the beginning of working after optimization, as earliest possibility Project or taskings' management and the calculating of target control system of planning time parameter repaint three-level and respectively organize and mesh Mark the Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing of control plan, and re-start the statistics of resource requirement dynamic table, then press more than Method continues to optimize；The foundation dynamically evaluated with the duration of limiting the quantity is needed thus to obtain different resource.
2. a kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method according to claim 1, Be characterized in that: the step (6) is optimized to project or taskings' management and the target control multistage system of planning, first time work Phase is extended, then compare the duration be extended before the optimum results that respectively walk, wherein the money of relatively minimal resource requirement most periods Source demand, as former project or taskings' management and target control multistage system of planning duration, corresponding resource requirement The resources requirement of most periods.
3. a kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method according to claim 1, Be characterized in that: the step (6) is optimized to project or taskings' management and the target control multistage system of planning, second of work Phase is extended, then compare the duration be extended for the second time before the optimum results that respectively walk, wherein when relatively minimal resource requirement is most After the resources requirement of section, as former project or taskings' management extend with the target control multistage system of planning, first time The resources requirement of duration, corresponding resource requirement most periods.
4. all kinds of project organization system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing methods of a kind of critical path method according to claim 1, Be characterized in that: the step (6) is equally optimized to project or taskings' management and the target control multistage system of planning, third The secondary duration is extended, then compares the optimum results that duration third time respectively walks before being extended again, wherein relatively minimal resource requirement The resources requirement of most periods, as project or taskings' management extend with the target control multistage system of planning, second The resources requirement of duration afterwards, corresponding resource requirement most periods；
Until being optimized to the dynamic evaluation requirement for meeting the duration corresponding to different resource demand peaks by the above process.
5. a kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method according to claim 1, Be characterized in that: the step (4), be select it is a kind of need optimize main resource (for not needing the work of this resource, Resource requirement is set as zero), resource requirement dynamic table being counted, and carry out the optimization of resource duration dynamic object, as project Organize the foundation evaluated from most resource requirements corresponding to the target control multistage system of planning, different durations.
6. a kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning:
(1) according to project or the type of the decomposed sub-item of task (individual event mesh, specific works), project (sub-item, individual event mesh) It is divided into type, non-type certainly and three kinds of mixed type certainly；
(2) according to when being overlapped between project or the decomposed sub-item of task (individual event mesh, specific works) away from type, project (divides Project, individual event mesh) method for organizing is divided into type, non-type and three kinds of mixed type certainly certainly；
(3) all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning, in the project organization multistage system of planning, at different levels, each organization and administration and target Control plan, comprising:
1) certainly type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the organization and administration and target control meter that type method for organizing is formulated certainly It draws；
2) certainly type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the non-organization and administration and target control that type method for organizing is formulated certainly Plan；
3) organization and administration and target control certainly type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing Plan；
4) non-affirmative type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the organization and administration and target control that type method for organizing is formulated certainly Plan；
5) non-affirmative type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), the organization and administration and target control formulated using non-type method for organizing certainly System plan；
6) non-affirmative type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), the organization and administration and target control formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing System plan；
7) mixed type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the organization and administration and target control meter that type method for organizing is formulated certainly It draws；
8) mixed type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the non-organization and administration and target control that type method for organizing is formulated certainly Plan；
9) mixed type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), the organization and administration formulated using mixed type method for organizing and target control meter It draws.
7. a kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning that duration control is established step by step:
(1) level-one respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(2) second level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
Note: level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the duration of sub-item, be second level sub-item organization and administration and target The target duration of control plan；
(3) three-level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
Note: second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the individual event purpose duration, for three-level individual event purpose organization and administration and target The target duration of control plan；
(4) second level respectively organizes and target control plan, the calculating of estimate variance: with the organization and administration of three-level individual event purpose and mesh Mark control plan, the estimate variance of deadline, as second level organize with target control in the works, list project duration estimates Variance is counted, the υ of organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item of second level is calculatedi 2；
(5) level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the calculating of estimate variance: with the organization and administration and target of second level sub-item Control plan, the estimate variance of deadline, as level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the estimation of sub-item duration Variance, the υ of first order calculation organization and administration and target control plani 2；
(6) level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the resource requirement of sub-item unit time, be equal to second level tub of tissue Reason with target control in the works, the resource of the organization and administration of sub-item and target control plan need total amount, divided by sub-item Duration；
(7) second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the resource requirement of individual event mesh unit time, be equal to three levels of organization manage Reason with target control in the works, the organization and administration of individual event purpose with the resource of target control plan need total amount, divided by individual event purpose Duration.
8. a kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of the reversed control of duration step by step foundation:
(1) three-level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(2) second level respectively organizes and target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance: respectively with each individual event of three-level Purpose organization and administration and the duration of target control plan and the estimate variance of duration, as second level organization and administration and target control meter In drawing, the estimate variance of each individual event purpose duration and duration:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(3) level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance: respectively with each sub-item of second level Organization and administration and the duration of target control plan and the estimate variance of duration, as level-one organization and administration with target control plan In, the estimate variance of the duration of each sub-item and duration:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(4) level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the resource requirement of sub-item unit time, be equal to second level tub of tissue Reason with target control in the works, the resource of the organization and administration of sub-item and target control plan need total amount, divided by sub-item Duration；
(5) second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the resource requirement of individual event mesh unit time, be equal to three levels of organization manage Reason with target control in the works, the organization and administration of individual event purpose with the resource of target control plan need total amount, divided by individual event purpose Duration.
9. a kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that:
(1) sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for second level organization and administration and target In control plan, sub-item organizes and the estimate variance of target control planned start time；
(2) individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for three levels of organization management and target In control plan, the estimate variance of single project organic management and target control planned start time；
(3) in the works, individual event purpose organizes and target control Projected completion time for three levels of organization's management and target control Estimate variance, for second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the estimate variance of single project's finish time；
(4) second level is organized with target control in the works, organization and administration and the target control Projected completion time of sub-item Estimate variance, for level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the estimate variance of sub-item deadline.
10. a kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: for using STS (LT by technique requirementi)、FTF(LTj)、STF(LTi, LTj), STS and FTF (LTi, LTj)、STS With STF (LTi, LTi', LTj), FTS and STF (LT, LTi, LTj) one of organizational form sub-item (individual event mesh, specific works), It is optimized as a sub-item (individual event mesh, specific works).
CN201910254383.8A 2019-03-31 2019-03-31 A kind of critical path method project organization multistage system of planning duration resource dynamic reviewing method Pending CN110322042A (en)

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Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
吴开平等: "替代、且显著领先于具有国际先进水平的网络计划技术的统筹法—JQ、JH、(JQ-JH)搭接项目组织管理与目标控制技术", 《企业创新与知识管理成果征集及评选活动"优秀成果论文集》 *

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