CN110322101A - A kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method - Google Patents

A kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method Download PDF

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CN110322101A
CN110322101A CN201910254367.9A CN201910254367A CN110322101A CN 110322101 A CN110322101 A CN 110322101A CN 201910254367 A CN201910254367 A CN 201910254367A CN 110322101 A CN110322101 A CN 110322101A
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吴茜龄
吴开平
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Jinan Senkun Enterprise Management Consulting Co Ltd
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    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
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    • G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
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Abstract

The present invention provides one kind: each intermediate item or task using decompose step by step, it is at different levels formulate organization and administration and target control plan respectively, the project organic management and target control multistage system of planning resource of foundation be limited, duration shortest optimization method；The limited optimization of resource step by step is carried out respectively by following six kinds of methods and selects optimal prioritization scheme by the comparison of optimum results with the only progress limited optimization of afterbody resource: 1) from left to right selecting the optimization period, optimizes by the period；2) from left to right the selection optimization period, by the period, optimization item by item；3) optimization period, item by item optimization are selected from left to right, from more to less；4) optimization period, item by item optimization are selected from right to left, from more to less；5) selection optimizes the period, optimizes by the period from right to left；6) from right to left the selection optimization period, by the period, optimization item by item.

Description

A kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method
Technical field
The invention belongs to critical path method technical fields, are the masters of critical path method project or taskings management and target control technology Want one of component part, specifically a kind of project or task using decomposition step by step, the organization and administration of formulation respectively at different levels and mesh Mark control plan, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of foundation, under the conditions of resource is limited, to the duration Influence the smallest method for optimizing resources.
Background technique
Eighties of last century early fifties, in order to be applicable in the development of production and the scientific research and technological development of relationship complexity The managerial needs of job engineering, each advanced industrial country has all successively carried out the research of planning management new technology in the world, wherein Successfully CPM (critical path method) and PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) is studied in the U.S. first, is established due to such methods and is closed in work It is the formulation of plan, coordination, optimization and control organically to be combined, on the basis of network model so being referred to as in foreign countries For network planning technique.
The U.S. is applied to the development of establishment Polaris missile in the PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) of invention in 1956 at that time Plan, has coordinated 3,000 many enterprises, and making plan, two years ahead completes on schedule；It is applied to cost more than 400 again later Hundred million dollars, mobilize manpower more than 40 ten thousand Apollo space program management and control, obtain good result.
It is counted according to kremlin, the construction and erection enterprises of application network planning technique, the duration can shorten 20%, engineering Cost can reduce by 10% or so.
In March, 1978, civil engineering association, U.S. proceedings comment on that this method is current only planning management newly side Method, and in foreseeable future, it is not in the new method of one kind to substitute it, therefore, we should enjoy it, use It, improve it.
Currently, each advanced industrial country, such as the United States, Russia, English, day, method, moral in the world, is all promoting and applying network planning skill Art.
The famous mathematician Hua Luogeng professor in China, from the national conditions in China, absorbing, external network planning technique is theoretical On the basis of, " critical path method " scientific system is established, and since eighties of last century early sixties, promotes answer in production practice With achieving huge economic benefit.
Since network planning technique is there are following many defects and deficiency, influences and restrict pushing away for network planning technique Row is promoted, popularization and application.
(1) restriction and planar network of project or taskings management and target control plannet model rule are established The restriction of model tormulation mode manages most projects or taskings and is unable to complete with target control person, especially compared with Big or more complex project；
(2) it is unfavorable for the restriction of computer technology application, the application of such technology depends on the support of computer technology, net Foundation, modification, the calculating of time parameter, the optimal control of constructing aims and optimal control of resource object of network model etc., only It is difficult to complete by manpower；
(3) restriction of application range, CPM are only applicable to type project or task certainly and are directly decomposed into a series of specific works Organization and administration and target control；PERT is only applicable to the evaluation of non-type project or task milestone target certainly；And with section Comprehensive fast development of technology, not only most projects or task have the feature of mixed type, and method for organizing also has There is the feature of mixed type；
(4) lack necessary function technology, major function technology only has: time-cost trade-off technology；Duration is constant, money Source demand balance optimizing technology；Resource is limited, duration most short optimisation technique；It is commented with non-type project or task milestone target certainly The technology of examining；
(5) all there is apparent defect and deficiency in major function technology, such as:
1) it time-cost trade-off technology: needs to carry out time parameter meter by the route that key job forms to each respectively After calculation, critical circuits can be just judged, need to calculate the rate of each single item key job, just can be carried out the optimization of duration-cost, This be in practical work it is highly difficult, it is even impossible；
2) duration is constant, resources balance optimisation technique: its optimization method does not consider non-key work in part (or motor-driven) Resource requirement current intelligence in time difference range, hence it is evident that unreasonable；
3) resource is limited, duration shortest optimisation technique: the work started before the period will be optimized and come most important first place, Do not consider influence size of the optimization of the non-key work started before the optimization period to the duration；
4) Evaluation technology of non-type project or task milestone target certainly, when not considering non-key milestone target interval Between Lagi-jInfluence etc. to estimate variance.
Network planning technique belongs to critical path method, is one of application technology of critical path method；It may be said that network planning technique is system Method is raised, not vice versa.
Project or task are organized and target control plan, the project of foundation using decomposition step by step, at different levels formulate respectively Organization and administration and the target control multistage system of planning, resource is limited, to project or taskings' management and target control multistage meter The system of drawing, duration influence the smallest method for optimizing resources, are critical path method project or taskings' management and target control technology Duration and resource object control method, embodiment is that Hua Luogeng professor is pointed: using critical path method, when wanting to key job Between, benefit is wanted to non-key work.
Since the resource of traditional network planning technique is limited, duration shortest optimization method, the following defects and deficiencies exist, Its application is restrict, and affects effect of optimization:
(1) type project or task certainly are only applicable to and is directly decomposed into the organization and administration and mesh that a series of specific works are formulated The resource for marking control plan is limited, duration shortest optimization；
(2) work started before the period will be optimized, whether key job or non-key work, it is suitable comes optimization Most important first place in sequence, and optimizing the period is not implementation phase；
(3) it will be optimized to together after optimizing the period and carry out no matter how many work more than the work of limitation resource, but After optimizing a job, the Optimal scheduling of other work would be possible to change.
There is no project or task to use decomposition step by step, the organization and administration of formulation respectively at different levels and target control plan, foundation The resource of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning is limited, more to project or taskings' management and target control The grade system of planning, duration influence the smallest method for optimizing resources.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is had according to project or taskings' management and the target control multistage system of planning using following six kinds of resources The optimization method of limit carries out (1) project organic management and the target control system of planning, the step by step limited optimization of resource respectively；(2) It only carries out project organic management and then the target control multistage system of planning, the limited optimization of afterbody resource passes through ratio Compared with, optimal optimum results of selection:
(1) resource according to project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning needs dynamic table, from left to right seeks Look for resource more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period；And to " work " in the period according to the influence degree to the duration Size and relative importance are ranked up, before " work " row big and relatively important to duration influence degree；It then will row Later, it more than " work " of limitation resource, is optimized to after the period and carries out；
(2) resource according to project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning needs dynamic table, from left to right seeks Look for resource more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period；And to " work " in the period according to the influence degree to the duration Size and relative importance are ranked up, before " work " row big and relatively important to duration influence degree；It then will row It is carried out after last one " work " is optimized to the period；
(3) resource according to project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning needs dynamic table, seeks from right to left Look for resource more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period；And to " work " in the period according to the influence degree to the duration Size and relative importance are ranked up, before " work " row big and relatively important to duration influence degree；It then will row Later, it more than " work " of limitation resource, is optimized to after the period and carries out；
(4) resource according to project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning needs dynamic table, seeks from right to left Look for resource more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period；And to " work " in the period according to the influence degree to the duration Size and relative importance are ranked up, before " work " row big and relatively important to duration influence degree；It then will row It is carried out after last one " work " is optimized to the period；
(5) resource according to project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning needs dynamic table, from left to right seeks Look for resource requirement at most and more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period；And to " work " in the period according to the duration Influence degree size and relative importance are ranked up, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important " work " row；And Last one " work " will be come afterwards be optimized to after the period carry out；
(6) resource according to project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning needs dynamic table, seeks from right to left Look for resource requirement at most and more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period；And to " work " in the period according to the duration Influence degree size and relative importance are ranked up, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important " work " row；And Last one " work " will be come afterwards be optimized to after the period carry out.
For the present invention by project or task by organization and administration and target control requirement, " work " decomposed is divided into type certainly " work " and non-type " work " two types certainly:
(1) certainly type " work ": completing time t required for " work "i(or Ti) it is affirmative；
(2) non-affirmative type " work ": the time needed for completing " work " is non-affirmative, need to be carried out using three point estimations Complete the estimation of " work " time:
1)aT、mT、bT, DT=(aT+4mT+bT) ÷ 6, σT 2=[(bT-aT)÷6]2
2)at、mt、bt, Dt=(at+4mt+bt) ÷ 6, σt 2=[(bt-at)÷6]2
aT、atOptimistic completion " work " time；
mT、mtPossible completion " work " time；
bT、btPessimistic completion " work " time；
DT、DtThe weighted average of " work " time is completed in estimation；
σT 2、σt 2Complete the estimated bias of " work " time.
The present invention is decomposed the type of " work " by project, and project is divided into type, non-type certainly and three kinds of mixed type certainly Type:
(1) affirmative type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, " work " decomposed all is affirmative type " work Make "；
(2) non-type project certainly: by organization and administration and target control requirement, " work " decomposed all is non-type certainly " work "；
(3) mixed type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, " the work of the existing type certainly of " work " decomposed Make ", and have the work of non-type certainly.
Project of the present invention decomposes the organizational form between " work " and organizer by organization and administration and target control requirement Method has following seven kinds:
Project is by organization and administration and target control requirement, the organizational form and method for organizing between " work " decomposed, By taking i " work " and j " work " as an example, i " work " be j " work " it is tight before " work " or j " work " be the next of i " work " " work ", organizational form and method for organizing between i " work " and j " work ":
(1) FYS (LT): i " work " terminates LT days, and j " work " starts；
(2)STS(LTi): i " work " starts LTiIt, j " work " starts；
(3)FTF(LTj): i " work " terminates LTjIt, j " work " terminates；
(4)STF(LTi, LTj): i " work " starts LTiIt, use LT againjIt, j " work " terminates, i.e. j " work " will be in i " work " starts LTiAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(5) STS and FTF (LTi, LTj): i " work " starts LTiIt, j " work " start, i " work " end LTjIt, j " work " terminates；
(6) STS and STF (LTI,LTi’, LTj): i " work " starts LTi days, j " work " beginning, and i " work " starts LTi ‘It, use LT againjIt, j " work " terminates, i.e. j " work " will start LT in i " work "i’After it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(7) FTS and STF (LT, LTi, LTj): i " work " terminates LT days, j " work " beginning, and i " work " starts LTiIt, LT is used againjIt, j " work " terminates, i.e. j " work " will start LT in i " work "iAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates.
Organization and administration between " work " are divided into type certainly and non-two type of type certainly with target control mode by the present invention Type:
(1) type organizes and target control mode certainly: away from the organization and administration for being all affirmative when bonding relation and overlap joint With target control mode；
(2) the non-organization and administration of type certainly are with target control mode: bonding relation is affirmative；But away from being non-affirmative when overlapping , need to using three point estimations be overlapped when away from estimation:
a.LTa、LTm、LTb, DLT=(LTa+4LTm+LTb) ÷ 6, σLT 2=[(LTb-LTa)÷6]2
b.LTia、LTim、LTib, DiLT=(LTia+4LTim+LTib) ÷ 6, σiLT 2=[(LTib-LTia)÷6]2
c.LTja、LTjm、LTjb, DjLT=(LTja+4LTjm+LTjb) ÷ 6, σjLT 2=[(LTjb-LTja)÷6]2
d.LTI ' a、LTI ' m、LTI ' b, DI ' LT=(LTI ' a+4LTI ' m+LTI ' b) ÷ 6, σI ' LT 2=[(LTI ' b-LTI ' a)÷6]2
The present invention presses the difference of project organic management and target control mode and method, by project organic management and target control Mode processed and method are divided into type, non-type and mixed type three types certainly certainly:
(1) type project organic management and target control mode certainly: project decompose organization and administration between " work " and Target control mode is all the organization and administration and target control mode of type certainly；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control mode certainly: project decomposes the organization and administration between " work " It is all the organization and administration and target control mode of non-type certainly with target control mode；
(3) mixed type project organic management and target control mode: project decompose organization and administration between " work " with Target control mode, existing type certainly, also there are the organization and administration and target control mode of non-type certainly.
Mesh organization and administration of the present invention are divided into three classes with target control plan:
(1) type project organic management and target control plan certainly: type project certainly, using type organization and administration and mesh certainly Mark project organic management and the target control plan of control mode and method；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control plan certainly, include the following three types:
1) affirmative type project, project organic management and target control using the non-organization and administration of type certainly with target control mode System plan；
2) non-type project certainly, project organic management and target control using type organization and administration certainly with target control mode System plan；
3) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management and target of non-type certainly organization and administration and target control mode Control plan；
(3) mix mode project organic management and target control plan, including following five kinds:
1) mix mode project, project organic management and target control using type organization and administration certainly with target control mode Plan；
2) mixed type project, project organic management and target control using the non-organization and administration of type certainly with target control mode System plan；
3) mixed type project, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Plan；
4) non-type project certainly, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode System plan；
5) affirmative type project, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Plan.
Sub-item, individual event mesh, work three-level is pressed step by step with project below to decompose, it is at different levels to formulate organization and administration and target respectively Control plan, the project organic management and the target control system of planning of foundation, the duration is constant, is needed with resource at least for target For optimization, the present invention will be described.
The method for building up of project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, as shown in the table:
The present invention by organization and administration with target control requirements, using duration control method step by step formulate organizations at different levels management and Target control plan, the project organic management of foundation and the target control multistage system of planning, as shown in the table:
(1) organization and administration of project level-one and target control plan system, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type sub-item is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the requirement of Yao Fuhe contract or predetermined duration.
(2) organization and administration of one of project second level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type individual event mesh is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project second level organization and administration and target control plan, by level-one organization and administration and target control plan In corresponding sub-item duration control.
(3) organization and administration of one of project three-level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work mesh is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project three levels of organization management and target control plan, by second level organization and administration and target control plan In, corresponding individual event purpose duration control.
The present invention is by organization and administration and target control requirement, using reversely duration control method formulates organizations at different levels' pipe step by step Reason and target control plan, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of foundation are as shown in the table:
(1) organization and administration of project level-one and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type sub-item is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the requirement of Yao Fuhe contract or predetermined duration.
(2) organization and administration of one of project second level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type individual event mesh is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project second level each sub-item organization and administration and target control plan, as level-one organization and administration and mesh Mark the duration of corresponding sub-item in control plan.
(3) organization and administration of one of project three-level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project three-level each single project organic management and target control plan, as second level organization and administration and mesh It marks in control plan, the corresponding individual event purpose duration.
The present invention by organization and administration with target control requirements, using step by step with reversely step by step duration control method formulation it is at different levels Organization and administration and target control plan, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of foundation；With I and II tissue It manages and target control plan uses duration control step by step, two, three levels of organization's management and target control plan use reversely step by step It is as shown in the table for duration control:
(1) organization and administration of project level-one and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type sub-item is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the requirement of Yao Fuhe contract or predetermined duration.
(2) organization and administration of one of project second level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type individual event mesh is affirmed:
aT=mT=bT=DT=T；σT 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project second level organization and administration and target control plan, by level-one organization and administration and target control plan In corresponding sub-item duration control.
(3) organization and administration of one of project three-level and target control plan, as shown in the table:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
The target duration of project three-level each single project organic management and target control plan, as second level organization and administration and mesh It marks in control plan, the corresponding individual event purpose duration.
According to the above project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, at different levels, each organization and administration and target control Plan, by following steps, formulation and the project organic management and target control for completing organization and administration and target control plan are more The foundation of the grade system of planning:
(1) conversion for carrying out organizational logical relationship between " work ", such as by project organic management and target control plan system What the person of determining determined: B " work " it is tight before " work " be A " work ", be converted into next " work " of A " work " as B " work "；Or Next " work " of A " work " be B " work ", be converted into B " work " it is tight before " work " be A " work "；
(2) arrangement of organizational logical relationship is carried out
(3) inspection and supplement of job engineering logical relation defect: in main " work " list every " work ", ST is removed Outside, it must be determined that before having tightly " work ", including FIN；In addition to FIN, it must be determined that have next " work ", including ST；It is not any " work " it is tight before " work " " work ", be FIN it is tight before " work "；It is not " the work of next " work " of any " work " Make ", it is next " work " of ST；Determine it is tight before " work " or (and) do not determine " work " of next " work ", as There are " work " of tissue defects, should by organizational logical relationship, supplement its it is tight before " work " or (and) next " work "；
(4) in main " work " list " work " tissue sequence sequence: by ST successively are as follows: with ST for before tightly " work " of " work "；With ordering " work " be it is tight before " work " " work "；……；Until FIN；By FIN according to It is secondary are as follows: to take FIN as " work " of next " work "；It take ordering " work " as " work " of next " work "；……；Until ST；
(5) inspection and modification of job engineering logical relation defect and mistake: suitable by tight preceding tissue sequence and next tissue In sequence sequencer procedure, fail " work " of completing sequence, as there is organizational logical relationship defect or wrong " work ", it should be by Organizational logical relationship is supplemented or is modified.
The present invention is at different levels, each organization and administration are as follows with the time parameter calculation method of target control plan:
(1) time that " work " may start earliest
(2) time that " work " may terminate earliest
(3) interval time between " work "
(4) motor-driven (part) time difference to work: FFi=min (Lagi-j)；
(5) total time difference to work: TFi=min (TFj+Lagi-j)；
(6) it works the time that must start at the latest: LSi=ESi+TFi；
(7) it works the time that must terminate at the latest: LFi=EFi+TFi；
The present invention is at different levels, each organization and administration are as follows with the estimate variance calculation method of target control plan:
The present invention is after the completion of at different levels, each organization and administration are calculated with target control planned time parameter, by every main " work Make " influence of the deadline estimated bias to next " work " implementation process, carry out deviations2Adjustment after, carry out its estimation side The calculating of difference.
For " work " (i.e. the discontinuous " work ") of discontinuous completion, the time Estimate deviation that " works " is completed Adjustment.
The method of adjustment of every main " work " estimation " work " deadline deviation:
Note:
(1)*σi 2- it is σ adjustedi 2；
(2)σi 2The variance of-estimated time to completion the deviation for being main " work " i: σi 2=[(bit-ait)÷6]2, in which:
1)bitPessimism (longest) value of-estimated time to completion for being main " work " i；
2)aitOptimism (most short) value of-estimated time to completion for being main " work " i；
(3)DitThe weighted average of-the estimated time to completion for being main " work " i: Dit=(ait+4mit+bit) ÷ 6,
Wherein: mitMost probable (time) value of-estimated time to completion for being main " work " i；
(4)DitThe limit value of the estimated time to completion of main " work " i of '-be.
By Parameters of Normal DistributionWork as λiWhen >=3.5, P (Dit') ≈ 100%, so
It is organizing with target control in the works, the estimated bias of main " work " deadline, to next " work " Influence, away from (EF when considering actually to overlapi-ESj) influence, i.e., by when overlap joint away from influence of the adjustment to next " work ".
Temporal duration estimate variance is mainly overlapped between " work ", to next " work " influence value υ2 j(LT)Calculation method, under Shown in table:
Project organic management in the works, every " work " organization arrangement (when overlap joint away from) estimate variance (υ 2 j(LT)Take following calculating As a result maximum value)
" work " will consider in organization and administration and the estimate variance of target control in the works, influence to next " work " Interval time (ES between " work "j-EFi) influence factor, be as follows:
Every main " work " adds up estimated time to completion deviation variance υ2 j(t)Calculation method:
Note:
(1)EFi'-for main " work " i is because estimation work deadline estimated bias influences, the time that can be completed at the latest, By Parameters of Normal Distribution λiWhen >=3.5, P(iEF’)≈ 100%, so
(2) project organic management and target control in the works, the variance of every main " work " estimated time to completion deviation by Two parts composition: i.e. υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2) and*σj 2；υ2 i(t)It also include two parts, i.e. υ2 i(t)With*σi 2For j's " work " It influences；υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2The estimate variance of)-be j attack time；υ2 i(t)(do not include*σi 2)-start for i work The estimate variance of time.
The present invention calculates ES by the table one and table two of project organic management and target control planning charti、EFi、υi 2 ；By table one Lag is calculated with table threei-jAnd determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSi、LFi。
The estimate variance of three-level each single project organic management and target control plan time, as corresponding second level sub-item group Knit management and target control in the works, the estimate variance of single project duration；Equally, each sub-item organization and administration of second level and target control The estimate variance of plan time processed is organized with target control in the works, the estimation side of sub-item duration as corresponding level-one Difference.
In the works with target control, the estimate variance of each sub-item time started is corresponding two fraction for level-one organization and administration Project organic management and target control plan, the estimate variance of time started；Equally, each sub-item organization and administration of second level and target In control plan, the estimate variance of each individual event mesh time started is corresponding three-level list project organic management and target control plan, The estimate variance of time started.
The resource requirement of individual event mesh unit time, is equal to single project organic management and target control plan, resource need The summation of amount is divided by the individual event purpose duration；Equally, the resource requirement of sub-item unit time, be equal to sub-item organization and administration with Target control plan, resource requirement summation divided by sub-item duration.
Project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of the invention, resource is limited step by step, influences most on the duration Small optimization method:
The organization and administration of progress level-one and target control plan resource are limited first, the smallest optimization, step are influenced on the duration Suddenly as follows with method:
(1) according to level-one organization and administration and the target control time (ES that each sub-item may start earliest in the worksi) draw Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are made, and counts resource and needs dynamic table；
(2) following six kinds of optimization methods are respectively adopted and carry out project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, one Grade organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, duration shortest optimization；Then optimize result: resource needs most Balanced the referring to of multi-period resource requirement, project organic management and the duration of the target control system of planning, measurement resource needs After the comparison of mark etc., optimal optimum results are selected；
1) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And after sorting to the sub-item in the period, it will come below more than the sub-item of limitation resource, be optimized to after the period It carries out；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start level-one group After the time parameter calculating for knitting management and target control plan, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs In dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
2) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to the sub-item sequence in the period after, a last sub-item will be come, is optimized to after the period and carries out；So Time ES to start at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing, as its earliest possibility afterwardsi, re-start level-one organization and administration with After the time parameter of target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource need in dynamic table, The resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
3) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And in the period sub-item sequence after, will come below, more than limitation resource sub-item, be optimized to the period with After carry out；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start level-one After the time parameter of organization and administration and target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs Want in dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
4) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to the sub-item sequence in the period after, a last sub-item will be come, is optimized to after the period and carries out；So Time ES to start at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing, as its earliest possibility afterwardsi, re-start level-one organization and administration with After the time parameter of target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource need in dynamic table, The resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
5) it by resource requirement dynamic table, from left to right finds resource requirement at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And after sorting to the sub-item in the period, a last sub-item will be come, be optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start level-one tissue After the time parameter of management and target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs to move In state table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
6) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And after sorting to the sub-item in the period, a last sub-item will be come, be optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start level-one tissue After the time parameter of management and target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs to move In state table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until.
There are mainly three types of the indexs for measuring the equilibrium of completion task or resource consumption equilibrium:
(1) resources requirement unbalance factor K, K=resources requirement peak value Rmax/ unit time resources requirement is put down Mean value Rm；
(2) the very poor Δ R of resources requirement, Δ R=max [| R(t)—Rm|], 0≤t≤T, R(t)The resource of-day part needs The amount of asking；The duration of T-project organic management and target control scheme (or plan)；
(3) resources requirement meansquaredeviationσ2, σ2=1/T ∑ [R(t)—Rm]2, 1≤t≤T；
Note: K, Δ R, σ2All be it is smaller, resource requirement harmony it is better.
Bonding relation is " work " of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, and " a work is pressed in optimization process Make " it optimizes；
Optimize the sort method of sub-item in the period:
(1)TFi- Δ t is small；
(2)TFi- Δ t is identical, FFiBig；
(3)FFiAlso identical, TiLong；
(4)TiAlso identical, RiMore；
(5)RiAlso identical, ESiEarly；
(6)ESiAlso identical, υi 2Big；
(7)υi 2Also identical, σi 2Big；
(8)σi 2Also identical, it sorts in the works in project organic management with target control preceding.
Note: Δ t-optimization (or moving to right) time.
One step of every optimization, using the time (ES started at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi), weight The new calculating for carrying out time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart, and counts resource and need dynamic table, then after It is continuous to optimize by the above process；
Bonding relation is the sub-item of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, and one point is pressed in optimization process Project optimizes；
Level-one organization and administration limited, duration shortest optimization with target control plan resource is carried out, one of feature is pair Second level in the works, the optimization of the organization and administration of each sub-item and target control planned start time；
Level-one organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, after the completion of duration shortest optimization, optimizes result Comparison, select optimal result.
Carry out that second level respectively organize and target control plan resource is limited, duration shortest optimization；Optimization Steps and side Method is as follows:
(1) level-one organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, duration most short optimum results under the conditions of, by second level The duration of the organization and administration of each sub-item and target control plan in the works, in addition its sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and target Total time difference (TF in control plani), then re-start the second level organization and administration of each sub-item and target control meter in the works The time parameter drawn calculates；
(2) in the works according to second level, each organization and administration and target control, the time that each individual event mesh may start earliest (ESi) its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn respectively, and count resource and need dynamic table；
(3) following six kinds of optimization methods are respectively adopted and carry out project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, two Grade organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, duration shortest optimization；Then optimize result: resource needs most Balanced the referring to of multi-period resource requirement, project organic management and the duration of the target control system of planning, measurement resource needs After the comparison of mark etc., optimal optimum results are selected；
1) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to single entry sorting in the period after, will come below more than limitation resource individual event mesh, be optimized to after the period It carries out；Then using individual event purpose time started, the time ES started as its earliest possibility after optimizingi, re-start secondary groups After the time parameter calculating for knitting management and target control plan, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs In dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
2) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to single entry sorting in the period after, a last individual event mesh will be come, is optimized to after the period and carries out；So Afterwards using individual event purpose time started, the time ES started as its earliest possibility after optimizingi, re-start second level organization and administration with After the time parameter of target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource need in dynamic table, The resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
3) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to single entry sorting in the period after, will come below, more than limitation resource individual event mesh, be optimized to the period with After carry out；Then using individual event purpose time started, the time ES started as its earliest possibility after optimizingi, re-start second level After the time parameter of organization and administration and target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs Want in dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
4) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to single entry sorting in the period after, a last individual event mesh will be come, is optimized to after the period and carries out；So Afterwards using individual event purpose time started, the time ES started as its earliest possibility after optimizingi, re-start second level organization and administration with After the time parameter of target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource need in dynamic table, The resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
5) it by resource requirement dynamic table, from left to right finds resource requirement at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And to single entry sorting in the period after, a last individual event mesh will be come, is optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then using individual event purpose time started, the time ES started as its earliest possibility after optimizingi, re-start second level tissue After the time parameter of management and target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs to move In state table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
6) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And to single entry sorting in the period after, a last individual event mesh will be come, is optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then using individual event purpose time started, the time ES started as its earliest possibility after optimizingi, re-start second level tissue After the time parameter of management and target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs to move In state table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until.
There are mainly three types of the indexs for measuring the equilibrium of completion task or resource consumption equilibrium:
(1) resources requirement unbalance factor K, K=resources requirement peak value Rmax/ unit time resources requirement is put down Mean value Rm；
(2) the very poor Δ R of resources requirement, Δ R=max [| R(t)—Rm|], 0≤t≤T, R(t)The resource of-day part needs The amount of asking；The duration of T-project organic management and target control scheme (or plan)；
(3) resources requirement meansquaredeviationσ2, σ2=1/T ∑ [R(t)—Rm]2, 1≤t≤T；
Note: K, Δ R, σ2All be it is smaller, resource requirement harmony it is better.
Bonding relation is " work " of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, and " a work is pressed in optimization process Make " it optimizes.
Optimize individual event purpose sort method in the period:
(1) and (TFi- Δ t) is small；
(2)(TFi- Δ t) is identical, FFiSmall；
(3)FFiAlso identical, ESiEarly；
(4)ESiAlso identical, RiMore；
(5)RiAlso identical, TiLong；
(6)TiAlso identical, the LF of organization and administration and target control plan where individual event meshFINEvening；
(7)LFFINAlso identical, the ES of organization and administration and target control plan where individual event meshSTEvening；
(8)ESSTAlso identical, the υ of organization and administration and target control plan where individual event meshFIN 2Big；
(9)υFIN 2Also identical, υi 2Big；
(10)υi 2Also identical, σi 2Big；
(11)σi 2Also identical, individual event mesh is in organization and administration with target control plan or in the organization and administration of tight prime and target control System in the works, sorts preceding.
Note: Δ t-mono- item optimization (or moving to right) time.
One step of every optimization, with the individual event purpose time started after optimization, the time (ES that may start earliest as iti), it presses It is reversed duration control method, the calculating for re-starting project organic management and target control multistage system of planning time parameter, right Afterwards by the duration of second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, in addition its sub-item is in level-one tub of tissue Reason and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start the second level organization and administration of each sub-item and target control in the works The time parameter of system plan calculates；Repaint its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart, and count resource and need dynamic table, then after It is continuous to optimize by the above process.
Bonding relation is the individual event mesh of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, and a list is pressed in optimization process Project optimizes.
Second level organization and administration limited, duration shortest optimization with target control plan resource is carried out, one of feature is pair Three-level is in the works, each individual event purpose organizes and the optimization of target control planned start time.
Second level organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, after the completion of duration shortest optimization, optimizes result Comparison, select optimal result.
Carry out that three-level respectively organize and target control plan resource is limited, duration shortest optimization, Optimization Steps and side Method is as follows:
(1) second level organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, duration most short optimum results under the conditions of, by second level The duration of the organization and administration of each sub-item and target control plan in the works, in addition its sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and target Total poor (TF in control plani), re-start second level in the works the organization and administration Yu target control plan of each sub-item when Between parameter calculate；Then by three-level, each individual event purpose organizes the duration with target control plan in the works, in addition its individual event Mesh is in second level organization and administration and the total poor (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start three-level each individual event purpose tissue in the works The time parameter of management and target control plan calculates；
(2) in the works according to three-level, each organization and administration and target control, the time that work in every may start earliest (ESi), its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn respectively, and are counted resource and needed dynamic table；
(3) following six kinds of optimization methods are respectively adopted and carry out project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, three Grade organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, duration shortest optimization；Then optimize result: resource needs most Balanced the referring to of multi-period resource requirement, project organic management and the duration of the target control system of planning, measurement resource needs After the comparison of mark etc., optimal optimum results are selected；
1) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And after sorting to the work in the period, it will come below more than the work of limitation resource, and be optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start three levels of organization's pipe After reason and the time parameter of target control plan calculate, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs dynamic In table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
2) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out；Then with At the beginning of working after optimization, as the time ES of its possible beginning earliesti, re-start three levels of organization's management and target control After the time parameter of system plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs in dynamic table, day part Resource requirement, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
3) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And after sorting to the work in the period, back will be come, more than the work of limitation resource, and be optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start three levels of organization's pipe After reason and the time parameter of target control plan calculate, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs dynamic In table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
4) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out；Then with At the beginning of working after optimization, as the time ES of its possible beginning earliesti, re-start three levels of organization's management and target control After the time parameter of system plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs in dynamic table, day part Resource requirement, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
5) it by resource requirement dynamic table, from left to right finds resource requirement at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out； Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start three levels of organization management with After the time parameter of target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource need in dynamic table, The resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
6) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out； Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start three levels of organization management with After the time parameter of target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource need in dynamic table, The resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until.
There are mainly three types of the indexs for measuring the equilibrium of completion task or resource consumption equilibrium:
(1) resources requirement unbalance factor K, K=resources requirement peak value Rmax/ unit time resources requirement is put down Mean value Rm；
(2) the very poor Δ R of resources requirement, Δ R=max [| R(t)—Rm|], 0≤t≤T, R(t)The resource of-day part needs The amount of asking；The duration of T-project organic management and target control scheme (or plan)；
(3) resources requirement meansquaredeviationσ2, σ2=1/T ∑ [R(t)—Rm]2, 1≤t≤T；
Note: K, Δ R, σ2All be it is smaller, resource requirement harmony it is better.
Bonding relation is " work " of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, and " a work is pressed in optimization process Make " it optimizes；
Optimize the sort method to work in the period:
(1)(TFi- Δ t) is small；
(2)(TFi- Δ t) is identical, FFiSmall；
(3)FFiAlso identical, ESiEarly；
(4)ESiAlso identical, riMore；
(5)riAlso identical, tiLong；
(6)tiAlso identical, the LF of organization and administration and target control plan where workFINEvening；
(7)LFFINAlso identical, the ES of organization and administration and target control plan where workSTEvening；
(8)ESSTAlso identical, the υ of organization and administration and target control plan where workFIN 2Big；
(9)υFIN 2Also identical, υi 2Big；
(10)υi 2Also identical, σi 2Big；
(11)σi 2Also identical, work is in organization and administration with target control plan or in the organization and administration of tight prime and target control In the works, it sorts preceding.Note: Δ t-optimization (or moving to right) time.
One step of every optimization, the time (ES at the beginning of working after optimization, as its possible beginning earliesti), by anti- To duration control method, project organic management is re-started with after the calculating of target control multistage system of planning time parameter, is incited somebody to action The duration of second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, and its sub-item level-one organization and administration with Total time difference (the TF of target control in the worksi), re-start the second level organization and administration of each sub-item and target control meter in the works The time parameter drawn calculates；Then, by three-level, each individual event purpose organizes the duration with target control plan in the works, in addition Its individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start three-level each individual event in the works Purpose organization and administration and the time parameter of target control plan calculate；Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are repainted, and is counted Resource needs dynamic table, then proceedes to optimize by the above process.
Bonding relation is the work of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, FTS and STF, is pressed in optimization process One work optimizes.
Three levels of organization's management with target control plan resource is limited, after the completion of duration shortest optimization, optimizes result Comparison, select optimal result.
Project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of the invention, using afterbody is only carried out, resource has Limit, duration most short method for optimizing resources, method with steps are as follows:
(1) according to project organic management and the target control system of planning, by the organization and administration of second level each sub-item in the works With the duration of target control plan, in addition its sub-item level-one organization and administration with the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), Then re-start second level in the works organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item time parameter calculate；
(2) according to the time parameter meter for re-starting second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works Calculation is as a result, by three-level, each individual event purpose organizes the duration with target control plan in the works, in addition its individual event mesh is in second level Organization and administration and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), then re-start three-level each individual event purpose tub of tissue in the works Reason and the time parameter of target control plan calculate；
(3) it is respectively organized with target control in the works according to three-level, the time that work in every may start earliest (ESi), its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn respectively, and are counted resource and needed dynamic table；
(4) following six kinds of optimization methods are respectively adopted and carry out project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning, three Grade organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, duration shortest optimization；Then optimize result: resource needs most Balanced the referring to of multi-period resource requirement, project organic management and the duration of the target control system of planning, measurement resource needs After the comparison of mark etc., optimal optimum results are selected；
1) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And after sorting to the work in the period, it will come below more than the work of limitation resource, and be optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start three levels of organization's pipe After reason and the time parameter of target control plan calculate, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs dynamic In table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
2) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out；Then with At the beginning of working after optimization, as the time ES of its possible beginning earliesti, re-start three levels of organization's management and target control After the time parameter of system plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs in dynamic table, day part Resource requirement, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
3) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And after sorting to the work in the period, back will be come, more than the work of limitation resource, and be optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start three levels of organization's pipe After reason and the time parameter of target control plan calculate, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs dynamic In table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
4) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out；Then with At the beginning of working after optimization, as the time ES of its possible beginning earliesti, re-start three levels of organization's management and target control After the time parameter of system plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs in dynamic table, day part Resource requirement, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
5) it by resource requirement dynamic table, from left to right finds resource requirement at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out； Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start three levels of organization management with After the time parameter of target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource need in dynamic table, The resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until；
6) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out； Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start three levels of organization management with After the time parameter of target control plan calculates, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource need in dynamic table, The resource requirement of day part, less than or be equal to limitation resource until.
There are mainly three types of the indexs for measuring the equilibrium of completion task or resource consumption equilibrium:
(1) resources requirement unbalance factor K, K=resources requirement peak value Rmax/ unit time resources requirement is put down Mean value Rm；
(2) the very poor Δ R of resources requirement, Δ R=max [| R(t)—Rm|], 0≤t≤T, R(t)The resource of-day part needs The amount of asking；The duration of T-project organic management and target control scheme (or plan)；
(3) resources requirement meansquaredeviationσ2, σ2=1/T ∑ [R(t)—Rm]2, 1≤t≤T；
Note: K, Δ R, σ2All be it is smaller, resource requirement harmony it is better.
Bonding relation is the work of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, and " a work is pressed in optimization process Make " it optimizes；
Optimize the sort method to work in the period:
(1)(TFi- Δ t) is small；
(2)(TFi- Δ t) is identical, FFiSmall；
(3)FFiAlso identical, ESiEarly；
(4)ESiAlso identical, riMore；
(5)riAlso identical, tiLong；
(6)tiAlso identical, the LF of organization and administration and target control plan where workFINEvening；
(7)LFFINAlso identical, the ES of organization and administration and target control plan where workSTEvening；
(8)ESSTAlso identical, the υ of organization and administration and target control plan where workFIN 2Big；
(9)υFIN 2Also identical, υi 2Big；
(10)υi 2Also identical, σi 2Big；
(11)σi 2Also identical, work is in organization and administration with target control plan or in the organization and administration of tight prime and target control In the works, it sorts preceding.Note: Δ t-optimization (or moving to right) time.
One step of every optimization, the time (ES at the beginning of working after optimization, as its possible beginning earliesti), by anti- To duration control method, project organic management is re-started with after the calculating of target control multistage system of planning time parameter, is incited somebody to action The duration of second level organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, and its sub-item level-one organization and administration with Total time difference (the TF of target control in the worksi), re-start the second level organization and administration of each sub-item and target control meter in the works The time parameter drawn calculates；Then, by three-level, each individual event purpose organizes the duration with target control plan in the works, in addition Its individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and the total time difference (TF of target control in the worksi), re-start three-level each individual event in the works Purpose organization and administration and the time parameter of target control plan calculate；Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are repainted, and is counted Resource needs dynamic table, then proceedes to optimize by the above process.
Bonding relation is the work of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, FTS and STF, is pressed in optimization process One work optimizes.
Afterbody is only carried out, resource is limited, after the completion of duration shortest optimization, optimizes the comparison of result, selects Optimal result.
Project organic management and target control multistage system of planning resource it is limited, step by step with only carry out the afterbody duration most After the completion of short optimization, the comparison of result is optimized, selects optimal result.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method, it is characterised in that: realize one Each intermediate item of kind or task are using decomposition step by step, the organization and administration of formulation respectively at different levels and target control plan, the project team of foundation Management and the target control multistage system of planning are knitted, resource is limited, the complete scheme of duration most short optimization, passes through following steps reality It is existing:
It is decomposed below with project using sub-item step by step, individual event mesh and specific works three-level, by formulating at different levels, each organization and administration With target control plan, the resource for establishing project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning is limited, the duration is shortest excellent For change method, specific method of the invention is illustrated:
Level of decomposition formulates the level-one organization and administration and target control plan, i.e. project organic management and target control meter of project It draws；
Second level decompose, respectively formulate project second level organization and administration with target control plan, i.e., the organization and administration of each sub-item with Target control plan；
Three-level is decomposed, and formulates the three levels of organization's management and target control plan of project respectively, i.e., the organization and administration of each individual event purpose with Target control plan；
At different levels, each organization and administration and target control plan are formulated by the above process, establish project organic management and target control meter The system of drawing；
Organization and administration step by step and target control planning optimization is respectively adopted and only afterbody is respectively organized and target control Two methods of the optimization of planning optimization, then right:
1) resources requirement of the resource requirement of optimum results most periods；
2) duration；
3) estimate variance that plan time is realized；
4) organization and administration and target control plan harmony or resource consumption harmony index are measured:
A. the daily average resource requirement K=R of resources requirement unbalance factor K=rush day resource requirement ÷max÷Rmin；
B. the very poor △ R=of resource requirement plan daily the difference of requirement and daily average requirement maximum value △ R=max [| R(t)-Rm|]；
C. resource requirement meansquaredeviationσ2The average value of the quadratic sum of=daily plan requirement and the difference of daily average requirement
After being compared, optimal prioritization scheme is selected；
(1) limited, the duration shortest optimization with target control plan resource of organization and administration step by step is carried out:
Following six kinds of methods are respectively adopted and carry out that organization and administration step by step are limited with target control plan resource, the duration is shortest excellent Change:
1) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning organizations at different levels and target control plan Resource requirement dynamic table from left to right works item by item, optimizes by the period；
2) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning organizations at different levels and target control plan Resource requirement dynamic table from left to right optimizes by the period；
3) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning organizations at different levels and target control plan Resource requirement dynamic table works item by item from right to left, optimizes by the period；
4) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning organizations at different levels and target control plan Resource requirement dynamic table optimizes by the period from right to left；
5) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning organizations at different levels and target control plan Resource requirement dynamic table, from left to right, from more to less, optimization item by item；
6) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning organizations at different levels and target control plan Resource requirement dynamic table, from right to left, from more to less, optimization item by item；
It is then right:
A. the resources requirement of the resource requirement of optimum results most periods；
B. the duration；
C. the estimate variance that plan time is realized；
D. organization and administration and target control plan harmony or resource consumption harmony index: the unbalanced system of resources requirement are measured The number daily average resource requirement K=R of K=rush day resource requirement ÷max÷Rmin；The very poor △ R=of resource requirement is daily Plan the difference of requirement and daily average requirement maximum value △ R=max [| R(t)-Rm|]；Resource requirement meansquaredeviationσ2= The average value of the quadratic sum of plan requirement and the difference of daily average requirement daily
After being compared, optimal prioritization scheme is selected；
(2) only carry out that an afterbody respectively organize and target control plan resource is limited, duration shortest optimization:
Following six kinds of methods are respectively adopted, only carry out that an afterbody respectively organize and target control plan resource is limited, the duration Shortest optimization:
1) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning afterbody organizations at different levels and target control The resource requirement dynamic table for making plan from left to right works item by item, optimizes by the period；
2) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning afterbody organizations at different levels and target control The resource requirement dynamic table of plan is made, is from left to right optimized by the period；
3) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning afterbody organizations at different levels and target control The resource requirement dynamic table for making plan works item by item from right to left, optimizes by the period；
4) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning afterbody organizations at different levels and target control The resource requirement dynamic table of plan is made, is optimized from right to left by the period；
5) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning afterbody organizations at different levels and target control Make the resource requirement dynamic table of plan, from left to right, from more to less, optimization item by item；
6) respectively according to project organic management and the management of target control multistage system of planning afterbody organizations at different levels and target control Make the resource requirement dynamic table of plan, from right to left, from more to less, optimization item by item；
It is then right:
A. the resources requirement of the resource requirement of optimum results most periods；
B. the duration；
C. the estimate variance that plan time is realized；
D. organization and administration and target control plan harmony or resource consumption harmony index: the unbalanced system of resources requirement are measured The number daily average resource requirement K=R of K=rush day resource requirement ÷max÷Rmin；The very poor △ R=of resource requirement is daily Plan the difference of requirement and daily average requirement maximum value △ R=max [| R(t)-Rm|]；Resource requirement meansquaredeviationσ2= The average value of the quadratic sum of plan requirement and the difference of daily average requirement daily
After being compared, optimal prioritization scheme is selected；Then again compared with optimum results step by step after, select optimal prioritization scheme.
2. a kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, it is described (1): to carry out limited, the duration shortest optimization with target control plan resource of organization and administration step by step；Level-one group The optimization for knitting management and target control plan is realized by following steps:
Step (1) is according to project or the level-one organization and administration and target control of taskings' management and the target control multistage system of planning System plan draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing by the time that each sub-item may start earliest；
Step (2) counts resource requirement dynamic table according to Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (3) is according to level-one organization and administration and target control plan and its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource requirement Dynamic table；By resource requirement dynamic table, following six kinds of optimization methods optimization is respectively adopted, then right: the resource of optimum results needs Seek the resources requirement of most periods；The duration of plan；The estimate variance that plan time is realized；Measure organization and administration and target control System plan harmony or resource consumption harmony index, after being compared, select optimal prioritization scheme；
1) it from left to right worked by resource requirement dynamic table, optimized by the period item by item: from left to right found resource requirement and be more than Limit the quantity the resource period, and to the sub-item in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, it is right Duration influence degree is greatly and before relatively important sub-item row；Last sub-item was optimized to after the period and is carried out；So Time may start earliest at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing as the sub-item afterwards re-starts level-one organization and administration With the calculating of target control planned time parameter, repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and count resource requirement Dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources Until amount；
2) from left to right optimized by the period by resource requirement dynamic table: when from left to right finding resource requirement more than limitation resource Section, and to the sub-item in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, on the duration influence journey Degree is greatly and before relatively important sub-item row；It is carried out being optimized to after the period more than the sub-item of limitation resource below；So Time may start earliest at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing as the sub-item afterwards re-starts level-one organization and administration Calculating with target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement Dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources Until amount；
3) it worked by resource requirement dynamic table, optimized by the period item by item from right to left: found resource requirement from right to left and be more than Limit the quantity the resource period, and to the sub-item in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, it is right Duration influence degree is greatly and before relatively important sub-item row；Last sub-item was optimized to after the period and is carried out；So Time may start earliest at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing as the sub-item afterwards re-starts level-one organization and administration Calculating with target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement Dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources Until amount；
4) optimized from right to left by the period by resource requirement dynamic table: when finding resource requirement from right to left more than limitation resource Section, and to the sub-item in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, on the duration influence journey Degree is greatly and before relatively important sub-item row；It is carried out being optimized to after the period more than the sub-item of limitation resource below；So Time may start earliest at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing as the sub-item afterwards re-starts level-one organization and administration Calculating with target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement Dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources Until amount；
5) by resource requirement dynamic table from left to right, from more to less, optimization item by item :) from left to right find resource requirement At most and more than the limitation resource period, and the influence degree and relative importance to the duration are pressed to the sub-item in the period It is ranked up, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important sub-item row；Last sub-item is optimized to the period It carries out later；Then it the time may start earliest at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing as the sub-item, re-starts Level-one organization and administration and the calculating of target control planned time parameter repaint its Gantt chart or image progress gunter drawing and unite Count out resource requirement dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until day part resource requirement both less than or Until limited resources amount；
6) by resource requirement dynamic table from right to left, from more to less, optimization item by item: find resource requirement most from right to left It is more and more than the limitation resource period, and to the sub-item in the period press to the influence degree of duration and relative importance into Row sequence, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important sub-item row；By last sub-item be optimized to the period with After carry out；Then the time may start earliest at the beginning of sub-item after optimizing as the sub-item, one is re-started Grade organization and administration and the calculating of target control planned time parameter repaint its Gantt chart or image progress gunter drawing and count Resource requirement dynamic table out；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or waits Until limited resources amount.
3. a kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, it is described (1): to carry out limited, the duration shortest optimization with target control plan resource of organization and administration step by step；Secondary groups The optimization for knitting management and target control plan is realized by following steps:
Step (1) level-one organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, duration most short optimization on the basis of, by secondary groups The duration for knitting management and target control organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item in the works, in addition the sub-item is one Grade organization and administration and the total time difference of target control in the works, then re-start organization and administration and the target control meter of each sub-item Draw the calculating of time parameter；
Organization and administration Yu target control plan of the step (2) according to second level organization and administration and target control each sub-item in the works, Its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing are drawn by the time that each individual event mesh may start earliest；
Step (3) counts resource requirement dynamic table according to Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (4) is respectively organized according to second level and is needed with target control plan and its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource Dynamic table is sought, by its resource requirement dynamic table, following six kinds of optimization methods optimization is respectively adopted；It is then right: the money of optimum results Estimate variance, measurement organization and administration and the mesh that the resources requirement of source demand most periods, the duration of plan, plan time are realized Control plan harmony or resource consumption harmony index are marked, after being compared, selects optimal prioritization scheme:
1) it from left to right worked by resource requirement dynamic table, optimized by the period item by item: from left to right found resource requirement and be more than Limit the quantity the resource period, and to the individual event mesh in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, it is right Duration influence degree is greatly and before relatively important individual event mesh row；Last individual event mesh was optimized to after the period and is carried out；So The time that may start earliest using the individual event purpose time started after optimizing as the individual event mesh afterwards re-starts second level organization and administration Calculating with target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement Dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources Until amount；
2) from left to right optimized by the period by resource requirement dynamic table: when from left to right finding resource requirement more than limitation resource Section, and to the individual event mesh in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, on the duration influence journey Degree is greatly and before relatively important individual event mesh row；It is carried out being optimized to after the period more than the individual event mesh of limitation resource below；So The time that may start earliest using the individual event purpose time started after optimizing as the individual event mesh afterwards re-starts second level organization and administration Calculating with target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement Dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources Until amount；
3) it worked by resource requirement dynamic table, optimized by the period item by item from right to left: found resource requirement from right to left and be more than Limit the quantity the resource period, and to the individual event mesh in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, it is right Duration influence degree is greatly and before relatively important individual event mesh row；Last individual event mesh was optimized to after the period and is carried out；So The time that may start earliest using the individual event purpose time started after optimizing as the individual event mesh afterwards re-starts second level organization and administration Calculating with target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement Dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources Until amount；
4) optimized from right to left by the period by resource requirement dynamic table: when finding resource requirement from right to left more than limitation resource Section, and to the individual event mesh in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, on the duration influence journey Degree is greatly and before relatively important individual event mesh row；It is carried out being optimized to after the period more than the individual event mesh of limitation resource below；So The time that may start earliest using the individual event purpose time started after optimizing as the individual event mesh afterwards re-starts second level organization and administration Calculating with target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement Dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources Until amount；
5) by resource requirement dynamic table from left to right, from more to less, optimization item by item: from left to right find resource requirement most It is more and more than the limitation resource period, and to the individual event mesh in the period press to the influence degree of duration and relative importance into Row sequence, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important individual event mesh row；By last individual event mesh be optimized to the period with After carry out；Then the time that may start earliest using the individual event purpose time started after optimizing as the individual event mesh, two are re-started Grade organization and administration and the calculating of target control planned time parameter repaint its Gantt chart or image progress gunter drawing and count Resource requirement dynamic table out；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or waits Until limited resources amount；
6) by resource requirement dynamic table from right to left, from more to less, optimization item by item: find resource requirement most from right to left It is more and more than the limitation resource period, and to the individual event mesh in the period press to the influence degree of duration and relative importance into Row sequence, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important individual event mesh row；By last individual event mesh be optimized to the period with After carry out；Then the time that may start earliest using the individual event purpose time started after optimizing as the individual event mesh, two are re-started Grade organization and administration and the calculating of target control planned time parameter repaint its Gantt chart or image progress gunter drawing and count Resource requirement dynamic table out；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or waits Until limited resources amount.
4. a kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, it is described (1): to carry out limited, the duration shortest optimization with target control plan resource of organization and administration step by step；Three-level group The optimization for knitting management and target control plan is realized by following steps:
Step (1) second level organization and administration with target control plan resource is limited, duration most short optimization on the basis of, by three-level group The duration for knitting management and target control each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control plan in the works, in addition the individual event mesh is two Then grade organization and administration and the total time difference of target control in the works re-start each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control meter Draw the calculating of time parameter；
Step (2) is managed according to three levels of organization and target control each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control plan in the works, Its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing are drawn by the time that work in every may start earliest；
Step (3) counts resource requirement dynamic table according to Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (4) is respectively organized according to three-level and is needed with target control plan and its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource Seek dynamic table；By its resource requirement dynamic table, following six kinds of optimization methods optimization is respectively adopted, it is then right: the money of optimum results The resources requirement of source demand most periods；The duration of plan；The estimate variance that plan time is realized；Measure organization and administration and mesh Control plan harmony or resource consumption harmony index are marked, after being compared, selects optimal prioritization scheme:
1) it from left to right worked by resource requirement dynamic table, optimized by the period item by item: from left to right found resource requirement and be more than Limit the quantity the resource period, and to the work in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, to work Phase influence degree is greatly and before relatively important work row；It will be carried out after last optimization to the period；Then with excellent The time that may start earliest at the beginning of working after change as the work re-starts three levels of organization's management and target control The calculating of planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement dynamic table；So Continue to optimize by the above process afterwards；Until resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount；
2) from left to right optimized by the period by resource requirement dynamic table: when from left to right finding resource requirement more than limitation resource Section, and to the work in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, to duration influence degree Before big and relatively important work row；It will be more than below after the optimization to the period of limitation resource and carry out；Then with excellent The time that may start earliest at the beginning of working after change as the work re-starts three levels of organization's management and target control The calculating of planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement dynamic table；So Continue to optimize by the above process afterwards；Until resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount；
3) it worked by resource requirement dynamic table, optimized by the period item by item from right to left: found resource requirement from right to left and be more than Limit the quantity the resource period, and to the work in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, to work Phase influence degree is greatly and before relatively important work row；It will be carried out after last optimization to the period；Then with excellent The time that may start earliest at the beginning of working after change as the work re-starts three levels of organization's management and target control The calculating of planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement dynamic table；So Continue to optimize by the above process afterwards；Until resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount；
4) optimized from right to left by the period by resource requirement dynamic table: when finding resource requirement from right to left more than limitation resource Section, and to the work in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, to duration influence degree Before big and relatively important work row；It will be more than below after the optimization to the period of limitation resource and carry out；Then with excellent The time that may start earliest at the beginning of working after change as the work re-starts three levels of organization's management and target control The calculating of planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement dynamic table；So Continue to optimize by the above process afterwards；Until resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount；
5) by resource requirement dynamic table from left to right, from more to less, optimization item by item :) from left to right find resource requirement At most and more than the limitation resource period, and to the work in the period by the influence degree of duration and relative importance into Row sequence, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important work row；By last optimization to the period with laggard Row；Then the time may start earliest at the beginning of working after optimizing as the work re-starts three levels of organization's pipe The calculating of reason and target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource need Seek dynamic table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited money Until source is measured；
6) by resource requirement dynamic table from right to left, from more to less, optimization item by item: find resource requirement most from right to left It is more and carried out more than the limitation resource period, and to the work in the period by the influence degree and relative importance of duration Sequence, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important work row；It will be carried out after last optimization to the period； Then using optimize after work at the beginning of as the work earliest may start time, re-start three levels of organization management and The calculating of target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement and moves State table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources amount Until.
5. a kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, it is described (2): only to carry out an afterbody and respectively organize and target control plan resource is limited, the duration is shortest excellent Change, realized by following steps:
Step (1) is by the duration of the organization and administration of each sub-item of second level and target control plan, in addition the sub-item is in level-one group Management and the total time difference of target control in the works are knitted, organization and administration and the target control meter of each sub-item of second level are then re-started Draw the calculating of time parameter；
Step (2) is by the duration of three-level each individual event purpose organization and administration and target control plan, in addition the individual event mesh is in secondary groups Management and target control in the works total poor are knitted, each individual event purpose organization and administration of three-level and target control plan are then re-started The calculating of time parameter；
Step (3) may be started according to each individual event purpose organization and administration of three-level and target control plan by work in every earliest Time draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (4) counts resource requirement dynamic table according to Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (5) is respectively organized according to three-level and is needed with target control plan and its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and resource Seek dynamic table；Following six kinds of optimization methods optimization is respectively adopted by its resource requirement dynamic table, it is then right: the resource of optimum results The resources requirement of demand most periods；The duration of plan；The estimate variance that plan time is realized；Measure organization and administration and target Control plan harmony or resource consumption harmony index, after being compared, select optimal prioritization scheme；
1) it from left to right worked by resource requirement dynamic table, optimized by the period item by item: from left to right found resource requirement and be more than Limit the quantity the resource period, and to the work in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, to work Phase influence degree is greatly and before relatively important work row；It will be carried out after last optimization to the period；Then with excellent The time that may start earliest at the beginning of working after change as the work re-starts three levels of organization's management and target control The calculating of planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement dynamic table；So Continue to optimize by the above process afterwards；Until resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount；
2) from left to right optimized by the period by resource requirement dynamic table: when from left to right finding resource requirement more than limitation resource Section, and to the work in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, to duration influence degree Before big and relatively important work row；It will be more than below after the optimization to the period of limitation resource and carry out；Then with excellent The time that may start earliest at the beginning of working after change as the work re-starts three levels of organization's management and target control The calculating of planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement dynamic table；So Continue to optimize by the above process afterwards；Until resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount；
3) it worked by resource requirement dynamic table, optimized by the period item by item from right to left: found resource requirement from right to left and be more than Limit the quantity the resource period, and to the work in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, to work Phase influence degree is greatly and before relatively important work row；It will be carried out after last optimization to the period；Then with excellent The time that may start earliest at the beginning of working after change as the work re-starts three levels of organization's management and target control The calculating of planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement dynamic table；So Continue to optimize by the above process afterwards；Until resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount；
4) optimized from right to left by the period by resource requirement dynamic table: when finding resource requirement from right to left more than limitation resource Section, and to the work in the period by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, to duration influence degree Before big and relatively important work row；It will be more than below after the optimization to the period of limitation resource and carry out；Then with excellent The time that may start earliest at the beginning of working after change as the work re-starts three levels of organization's management and target control The calculating of planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement dynamic table；So Continue to optimize by the above process afterwards；Until resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount；
5) by resource requirement dynamic table from left to right, from more to less, optimization item by item: from left to right find resource requirement most It is more and carried out more than the limitation resource period, and to the work in the period by the influence degree and relative importance of duration Sequence, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important work row；It will be carried out after last optimization to the period； Then using optimize after work at the beginning of as the work earliest may start time, re-start three levels of organization management and The calculating of target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement and moves State table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources amount Until；
6) by resource requirement dynamic table from right to left, from more to less, optimization item by item: find resource requirement most from right to left It is more and carried out more than the limitation resource period, and to the work in the period by the influence degree and relative importance of duration Sequence, to duration influence degree greatly and before relatively important work row；It will be carried out after last optimization to the period； Then using optimize after work at the beginning of as the work earliest may start time, re-start three levels of organization management and The calculating of target control planned time parameter repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and counts resource requirement and moves State table；Then continue to optimize by the above process；Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or equal to limited resources amount Until.
6. a kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning:
(1) according to project or the type of the decomposed sub-item of task (individual event mesh, specific works), project (sub-item, individual event mesh) It is divided into type, non-type certainly and three kinds of mixed type certainly；
(2) according to when being overlapped between project or the decomposed sub-item of task (individual event mesh, specific works) away from type, project (divides Project, individual event mesh) method for organizing is divided into type, non-type and three kinds of mixed type certainly certainly；
(3) all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning, in the project organization multistage system of planning, at different levels, each organization and administration and target Control plan, comprising:
1) certainly type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the organization and administration and target control meter that type method for organizing is formulated certainly It draws；
2) certainly type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the non-organization and administration and target control that type method for organizing is formulated certainly Plan；
3) organization and administration and target control certainly type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing Plan；
4) non-affirmative type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the organization and administration and target control that type method for organizing is formulated certainly Plan；
5) non-affirmative type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), the organization and administration and target control formulated using non-type method for organizing certainly System plan；
6) non-affirmative type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), the organization and administration and target control formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing System plan；
7) mixed type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the organization and administration and target control meter that type method for organizing is formulated certainly It draws；
8) mixed type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), using the non-organization and administration and target control that type method for organizing is formulated certainly Plan；
9) mixed type project (sub-item, individual event mesh), the organization and administration formulated using mixed type method for organizing and target control meter It draws.
7. a kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 1, Be characterized in that:, step by step the duration control establish project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning:
(1) level-one respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(2) second level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
Note: level-one organization and administration with target control in the works, the duration of sub-item, be second level sub-item organization and administration and target The target duration of control plan；
(3) three-level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
Note: second level organization and administration with target control in the works, the individual event purpose duration, for three-level individual event purpose organization and administration and target The target duration of control plan；
(4) second level respectively organizes and the calculating of target control plan estimate variance: with the organization and administration of three-level individual event purpose and mesh The estimate variance for marking the control plan deadline, the estimation as second level organization and administration and target control single project duration in the works Variance calculates the υ of organization and administration Yu the target control plan of each sub-item of second leveli 2；
(5) calculating of level-one organization and administration and target control plan estimate variance: with the organization and administration and target of second level sub-item The estimate variance of control plan deadline, the estimation side as level-one organization and administration and target control sub-item duration in the works Difference, the υ of first order calculation organization and administration and target control plani 2；
(6) sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for second level organization and administration and target The estimate variance of sub-item organization and administration and target control planned start time in control plan；
(7) individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for three levels of organization management and target The estimate variance of single project organic management and target control planned start time in control plan；
(8) individual event purpose organizes and estimates with target control Projected completion time in the works for three levels of organization's management and target control Variance is counted, for the estimate variance of second level organization and administration and target control single project's finish time in the works；
(9) second level organization and administration and the target control organization and administration of sub-item and estimating for target control Projected completion time in the works Variance is counted, for the estimate variance of level-one organization and administration and target control sub-item deadline in the works；
(10) the resource requirement of level-one organization and administration and target control sub-item unit time in the works, is equal to second level tub of tissue Reason and the resource of target control organization and administration Yu the target control plan of sub-item in the works need total amount divided by the work of sub-item Phase；
(11) the resource requirement of second level organization and administration and target control individual event mesh unit time in the works is equal to three levels of organization and manages The organization and administration of individual event purpose and the resource of target control plan need total amount divided by individual event purpose work to reason in the works with target control Phase；
(12) in optimization process, statistics resource requirement dynamic table is to select a kind of main resource that needs optimize to count resource to need Dynamic table is sought, and carries out the optimization of resource object；For not needing the work of this resource, resource requirement is set as zero.
8. a kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the project organic management and the target control multistage system of planning of the reversed control of duration step by step foundation:
(1) three-level respectively organize with target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(2) second level respectively organizes and target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance: respectively with each individual event of three-level Purpose organization and administration and the duration of target control plan and the estimate variance of duration, as second level organization and administration and target control meter In drawing, the estimate variance of each individual event purpose duration and duration:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(3) level-one organization and administration and target control plan, the calculating of time parameter and estimate variance: respectively with each sub-item of second level Organization and administration and the duration of target control plan and the estimate variance of duration, as level-one organization and administration with target control plan In, the estimate variance of the duration of each sub-item and duration:
1) project organic management to tight preceding organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, calculate ESi、EFi、υi 2；
2) to the project organic management of next organizational logical relationship expression and target control plan, Lag is calculatedi-jAfterwards, it determines FFi, then calculate TFi、LSiAnd LFi；
(4) sub-item is in level-one organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for second level organization and administration and target The estimate variance of sub-item organization and administration and target control planned start time in control plan；
(5) individual event mesh is in second level organization and administration and target control ES in the worksiEstimate variance, for three levels of organization management and target The estimate variance of single project organic management and target control planned start time in control plan；
(6) individual event purpose organizes and estimates with target control Projected completion time in the works for three levels of organization's management and target control Variance is counted, for the estimate variance of second level organization and administration and target control single project's finish time in the works；
(7) second level organization and administration and the target control organization and administration of sub-item and estimating for target control Projected completion time in the works Variance is counted, for the estimate variance of level-one organization and administration and target control sub-item deadline in the works；
(8) the resource requirement of level-one organization and administration and target control sub-item unit time in the works, is equal to second level tub of tissue Reason and the resource of target control organization and administration Yu the target control plan of sub-item in the works need total amount divided by the work of sub-item Phase；
(9) the resource requirement of second level organization and administration and target control individual event mesh unit time in the works is equal to three levels of organization and manages The organization and administration of individual event purpose and the resource of target control plan need total amount divided by individual event purpose work to reason in the works with target control Phase；
(10) in optimization process, statistics resource requirement dynamic table is to select a kind of main resource that needs optimize to count resource to need Dynamic table is sought, and carries out the optimization of resource object；For not needing the work of this resource, resource requirement is set as zero.
9. a kind of all kinds of project organization multistage system of planning resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: for using STS (LT by technique requirementi)、FTF(LTj)、STF(LTi, LTj), STS and FTF (LTi, LTj)、STS With STF (LTi, LTi', LTj), FTS and STF (LT, LTi, LTj) one of organizational form sub-item (individual event mesh, specific works), It is optimized as a sub-item (individual event mesh, specific works).
10. the limited minimum optimization method of all kinds of project organization plan resources of a kind of critical path method according to claim 1, feature Be: resource is limited step by step, duration shortest optimization；Level-one organization and administration and the resource of target control plan be limited, the duration most Short optimization is the optimization to second level organization and administration and target control planned start time；Equally, second level organization and administration and target The resource of control plan is limited, duration shortest optimization, is excellent with target control planned start time to three levels of organization's management Change.
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