CN110322103A - A kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method - Google Patents

A kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method Download PDF

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CN110322103A
CN110322103A CN201910254371.5A CN201910254371A CN110322103A CN 110322103 A CN110322103 A CN 110322103A CN 201910254371 A CN201910254371 A CN 201910254371A CN 110322103 A CN110322103 A CN 110322103A
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resource
period
work
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吴茜龄
吴开平
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Jinan Senkun Enterprise Management Consulting Co Ltd
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
    • G06Q10/06313—Resource planning in a project environment
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
    • G06Q10/06316—Sequencing of tasks or work

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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of each intermediate item or taskings' management and target control plan, resource is limited, influences the smallest optimization method to the duration, this method comprises the following steps: (1) according to project or taskings management with target control in the works, work in every earliest may start time, its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing are drawn, and carries out the statistics of resource requirement dynamic table；(2) by resource requirement dynamic table, select optimal prioritization scheme after optimizing by following six kinds of methods: 1) from left to right selection optimizes the period, optimizes by the period；2) from left to right the selection optimization period, by the period, optimization item by item；3) optimization period, item by item optimization are selected from left to right, from more to less；4) optimization period, item by item optimization are selected from right to left, from more to less；5) selection optimizes the period, optimizes by the period from right to left；6) from right to left the selection optimization period, by the period, optimization item by item.

Description

A kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method
Technical field
The invention belongs to critical path method technical fields, are the masters of critical path method project or taskings management and target control technology One of component part, specifically a kind of project or taskings' management and target control plan are wanted, in the limited item of resource Part influences the smallest method for optimizing resources to the duration.
Background technique
Eighties of last century early fifties, in order to be applicable in the development of production and the scientific research and technological development of relationship complexity The managerial needs of job engineering, each advanced industrial country has all successively carried out the research of planning management new technology in the world, wherein Successfully CPM (critical path method) and PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) is studied in the U.S. first, is established due to such methods and is closed in work It is the formulation of plan, coordination, optimization and control organically to be combined, on the basis of network model so being referred to as in foreign countries For network planning technique.
The U.S. is applied to the development of establishment Polaris missile in the PERT (programme evaluation and review technique) of invention in 1956 at that time Plan, has coordinated 3,000 many enterprises, and making plan, two years ahead completes on schedule；It is applied to cost more than 400 again later Hundred million dollars, mobilize manpower more than 40 ten thousand Apollo space program management and control, obtain good result.
It is counted according to kremlin, the construction and erection enterprises of application network planning technique, the duration can shorten 20%, engineering Cost can reduce by 10% or so.
In March, 1978, civil engineering association, U.S. proceedings comment on that this method is current only planning management newly side Method, and in foreseeable future, it is not in the new method of one kind to substitute it, therefore, we should enjoy it, use It, improve it.
Currently, each advanced industrial country, such as the United States, Russia, English, day, method, moral in the world, is all promoting and applying network planning skill Art.
The famous mathematician Hua Luogeng professor in China, from the national conditions in China, absorbing, external network planning technique is theoretical On the basis of, " critical path method " scientific system is established, and since eighties of last century early sixties, promotes answer in production practice With achieving huge economic benefit.
Since network planning technique is there are following many defects and deficiency, influences and restrict pushing away for network planning technique Row is promoted, popularization and application.
(1) restriction and planar network of project or taskings management and target control plannet model rule are established The restriction of model tormulation mode manages most projects or taskings and is unable to complete with target control person, especially compared with Big or more complex project；
(2) it is unfavorable for the restriction of computer technology application, the application of such technology depends on the support of computer technology, net Foundation, modification, the calculating of time parameter, the optimal control of constructing aims and optimal control of resource object of network model etc., only It is difficult to complete by manpower；
(3) restriction of application range, CPM are only applicable to type project or task certainly and are directly decomposed into a series of specific works Organization and administration and target control；PERT is only applicable to the evaluation of non-type project or task milestone target certainly；And with section Comprehensive fast development of technology, not only most projects or task have the feature of mixed type, and method for organizing also has There is the feature of mixed type；
(4) lack necessary function technology, major function technology only has: time-cost trade-off technology；Duration is constant, money Source demand balance optimizing technology；Resource is limited, duration most short optimisation technique；It is commented with non-type project or task milestone target certainly The technology of examining；
(5) all there is apparent defect and deficiency in major function technology, such as:
1) it time-cost trade-off technology: needs to carry out time parameter meter by the route that key job forms to each respectively After calculation, critical circuits can be just judged, need to calculate the rate of each single item key job, just can be carried out the optimization of duration-cost, This be in practical work it is highly difficult, it is even impossible；
2) duration is constant, resources balance optimisation technique: its optimization method does not consider non-key work in part (or motor-driven) Resource requirement current intelligence in time difference range, hence it is evident that unreasonable；
3) resource is limited, duration shortest optimisation technique: the work started before the period will be optimized and come most important first place, Do not consider influence size of the optimization of the non-key work started before the optimization period to the duration；
4) Evaluation technology of non-type project or task milestone target certainly, when not considering non-key milestone target interval Between Lagi-jInfluence etc. to estimate variance.
Network planning technique belongs to critical path method, is one of application technology of critical path method；It may be said that network planning technique is system Method is raised, not vice versa.
Resource is limited, influences the smallest resource optimization side with target control plan time to project or taskings' management Method is to be the duration and resource object control method, embodiment of critical path method project or taskings' management with target control technology Pointed by Hua Luogeng professor: applying critical path method, want the time to key job, want benefit to non-key work.
Since the resource of traditional network planning technique is limited, duration shortest optimization method, the following defects and deficiencies exist, Its application is restrict, and affects effect of optimization:
(1) type project or task certainly are only applicable to and is directly decomposed into the organization and administration and mesh that a series of specific works are formulated The resource for marking control plan is limited, duration shortest optimization；
(2) work started before the period will be optimized, whether key job or non-key work, it is suitable comes optimization Most important first place in sequence, and optimizing the period is not implementation phase；
(3) it will be optimized to together after optimizing the period and carry out no matter how many work more than the work of limitation resource, but After optimizing a job, the Optimal scheduling of other work would be possible to change.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is according to project or taskings' management and target control plan and its Gantt chart or vivid progress lateral road Figure and its resource requirement dynamic table are respectively adopted after following six kinds of methods optimize, are passed through ratio by resource requirement dynamic table Compared with, optimal optimum results of selection:
(1) resource is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period, and the work in the period is pressed According to the duration influence degree size and relative importance be ranked up, the work big and relatively important to duration influence degree It before arranging, will then come below, and more than the work of limitation resource, be optimized to after the period and carry out；
(2) resource is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period, and the work in the period is pressed According to the duration influence degree size and relative importance be ranked up, the work big and relatively important to duration influence degree Before arranging, it will then come and carry out after a last optimization to the period；
(3) resource is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period, and the work in the period is pressed According to the duration influence degree size and relative importance be ranked up, the work big and relatively important to duration influence degree It before arranging, will then come below, and more than the work of limitation resource, be optimized to after the period and carry out；
(4) resource is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period, and the work in the period is pressed According to the duration influence degree size and relative importance be ranked up, the work big and relatively important to duration influence degree Before arranging, it will then come and carry out after a last optimization to the period；
(5) resource requirement is from left to right found at most and more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period, and when to this Work in section is ranked up according to duration influence degree size and relative importance, big to duration influence degree and opposite Before important work row, it will then come and carry out after a last optimization to the period；
(6) resource requirement is found from right to left at most and more than the limitation resource period, as the optimization period, and when to this Work in section is ranked up according to duration influence degree size and relative importance, big to duration influence degree and opposite Before important work row, it will then come and carry out after a last optimization to the period.
For the present invention by project or task by organization and administration and target control requirement, the work decomposed is divided into type work certainly Type work two types are affirmed with non-:
(1) type work certainly: time t required for work is completediIt is affirmative；
(2) non-type work certainly: the time needed for completing work is non-affirmative, need to be completed using three point estimations The estimation of working time:
at、mt、bt, Dt=(at+4mt+bt) ÷ 6, σt 2=[(bt-at)÷6]2
atThe optimistic completion working time；
mtThe possible completion working time；
btThe pessimistic completion working time；
DtThe weighted average of working time is completed in estimation；
σt 2Complete the estimated bias of working time.
The present invention presses the type of project institute disintegration, and project is divided into type, non-type and three type of mixed type certainly certainly Type:
(1) affirmative type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, the work decomposed all is the work of type certainly；
(2) non-type project certainly: by organization and administration and target control requirement, the work decomposed all is the work of non-type certainly Make；
(3) mixed type project: by organization and administration and target control requirement, the work of the existing type certainly of the work decomposed, There is the work of non-type certainly again.
Organizational form and organizer of the project of the present invention by organization and administration and target control requirement, between institute's disintegration Method has following seven kinds:
Project is by organization and administration and target control requirement, the organizational form and method for organizing between work decomposed, with i Work is with for j work, and i work is the preceding activity that j works or j work is next work of i work, i work and j work Between organizational form and method for organizing:
(1) FYS (LT): i work terminates LT days, and j work starts；
(2)STS(LTi): i work starts LTiIt, j work starts；
(3)FTF(LTj): i work terminates LTjIt, j work terminates；
(4)STF(LTi, LTj): i work starts LTiIt, use LT againjIt, j work terminates, i.e. j work will work in i and open Beginning LTiAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(5) STS and FTF (LTi, LTj): i work starts LTiIt, j work start, i work terminate LTjIt, j work knot Beam；
(6) STS and STF (LTI,LTi’, LTj): i work start LTi days, j work start, i work beginning LTi‘It, use again LTjIt, j work terminates, i.e. j work will work in i starts LTi’After it, LT is usedjIt terminates；
(7) FTS and STF (LT, LTi, LTj): i work terminate LT days, j work start, i work beginning LTiIt, use LT againj It, j work terminates, i.e. j work will work in i starts LTiAfter it, LT is usedjIt terminates.
Organization and administration between work are divided into type certainly and non-type two types certainly with target control mode by the present invention:
(1) type organizes and target control mode certainly: away from the organization and administration for being all affirmative when bonding relation and overlap joint With target control mode；
(2) the non-organization and administration of type certainly are with target control mode: bonding relation is affirmative；But away from being non-affirmative when overlapping , need to using three point estimations be overlapped when away from estimation:
a.LTa、LTm、LTb, DLT=(LTa+4LTm+LTb) ÷ 6, σLT 2=[(LTb-LTa)÷6]2
b.LTia、LTim、LTib, DiLT=(LTia+4LTim+LTib) ÷ 6, σiLT 2=[(LTib-LTia)÷6]2
c.LTja、LTjm、LTjb, DjLT=(LTja+4LTjm+LTjb) ÷ 6, σjLT 2=[(LTjb-LTja)÷6]2
d.LTI ' a、LTI ' m、LTI ' b, DI ' LT=(LTI ' a+4LTI ' m+LTI ' b) ÷ 6, σI ' LT 2=[(LTI ' b-LTI ' a)÷6]2
The present invention presses the difference of project organic management and target control mode and method, by project organic management and target control Mode processed and method are divided into type, non-type and mixed type three types certainly certainly:
(1) affirmative type project organic management and target control mode: organization and administration and mesh between project institute disintegration Control mode is marked, is all the organization and administration and target control mode of type certainly；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control mode certainly: organization and administration between project institute disintegration and Target control mode is all the organization and administration and target control mode of non-type certainly；
(3) mixed type project organic management and target control mode: organization and administration and mesh between project institute disintegration Control mode is marked, existing type certainly, also there are the organization and administration and target control mode of non-type certainly.
Project organic management of the present invention is divided into three classes with target control plan:
(1) type project organic management and target control plan certainly: type project certainly, using type organization and administration and mesh certainly Mark project organic management and the target control plan of control mode and method；
(2) non-type project organic management and target control plan certainly, include the following three types:
1) affirmative type project, project organic management and target control using the non-organization and administration of type certainly with target control mode System plan；
2) non-type project certainly, project organic management and target control using type organization and administration certainly with target control mode System plan；
3) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management and target of non-type certainly organization and administration and target control mode Control plan；
(3) mix mode project organic management and target control plan, including following five kinds:
1) mix mode project, project organic management and target control using type organization and administration certainly with target control mode Plan；
2) mixed type project, project organic management and target control using the non-organization and administration of type certainly with target control mode System plan；
3) mixed type project, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Plan；
4) non-type project certainly, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode System plan；
5) affirmative type project, project organic management and target control using mixed type organization and administration with target control mode Plan.
The present invention is formulated by organization and administration with target control requirement, project organic management and target control plan such as following table It is shown:
Wherein:
A. type work is affirmed:
at=mt=bt=Dt=t；σt 2=0；
B. affirm type overlap joint when away from:
a.LTa=LTm=LTb=DLT=LT, σLT 2=0；
b.LTia=LTim=LTib=DiLT=LTi, σiLT 2=0；
c.LTja=LTjm=LTjb=DjLT=LTj, σjLT 2=0；
d.LTI ' a=LTI ' m=LTI ' b=DI ' LT=LTI ', σI ' LT 2=0.
According to the above project organic management and target control plans, by following steps, finished item organization and administration With the formulation of target control plan:
(1) conversion of organizational logical relationship between being worked, such as by project organic management and target control plan What person determined: the preceding activity of B work is A work, is converted into next work of A work as B work；Or next work of A work It works as B, is converted into the preceding activity of B work as A work；
(2) arrangement of organizational logical relationship is carried out
(3) inspection and supplement of job engineering logical relation defect: work in every in groundwork list, in addition to ST, Preceding activity, including FIN are must determine；In addition to FIN, it must be determined that have next work, including ST；It is not the tight of any work The work of preceding work is the preceding activity of FIN；It is not the work of next work of any work, is next work of ST；Not yet Have determining preceding activity or (and) work that does not determine next work, as there is the work of tissue defects, should be patrolled by tissue Volume relationship, supplement its preceding activity or (and) next work；
(4) in groundwork list job engineering sequence sequence: by ST successively are as follows: using ST as preceding activity Work；Using ordering work as the work of preceding activity；……；Until FIN；By FIN successively are as follows: with FIN be it is next The work of work；It take ordering work as the work of next work；……；Until ST；
(5) inspection and modification of job engineering logical relation defect and mistake: suitable by tight preceding tissue sequence and next tissue In sequence sequencer procedure, fails the work for completing sequence, as there is the work of organizational logical relationship defect or mistake, it should be by tissue Logical relation is supplemented or is modified.
Project organic management of the present invention and the time parameter calculation method of target control plan are as follows:
(1) time that work may start earliest
(2) time that work may terminate earliest
(3) interval time between work
(4) motor-driven (part) time difference to work: FFi=min (Lagi-j)；
(5) total time difference to work: TFi=min (TFj+Lagi-j)；
(6) it works the time that must start at the latest: LSi=ESi+TFi；
(7) it works the time that must terminate at the latest: LFi=EFi+TFi。
Project organic management of the present invention and the estimate variance calculation method of target control plan are as follows:
The present invention is complete by every groundwork after the completion of project organic management and target control planned time parameter calculate Influence at time Estimate deviation to next work implementation process carries out deviations2Adjustment after, carry out the meter of its estimate variance It calculates.
For the work (i.e. discontinuous work) of discontinuous completion, the adjustment for completing working time estimated bias is carried out；
The method of adjustment of every groundwork estimation work deadline deviation:
Note:
(1)*σi 2- it is σ adjustedi 2；
(2)σi 2The variance of-estimated time to completion the deviation for being groundwork i: σi 2=[(bit-ait)÷6]2, in which:
1)bitPessimism (longest) value of-estimated time to completion for being groundwork i；
2)aitOptimism (most short) value of-estimated time to completion for being groundwork i；
(3)DitThe weighted average of-the estimated time to completion for being groundwork i: Dit=(ait+4mit+bit) ÷ 6, in which:
1)mitMost probable (time) value of-estimated time to completion for being groundwork i；
(4)DitThe limit value of the estimated time to completion of '-be groundwork i.
By Parameters of Normal DistributionWork as λiWhen >=3.5, P (Dit') ≈ 100%, so
Project organic management and target control in the works, the estimated bias of groundwork deadline, to next work Influence, when considering actually to overlap away from influence, i.e., by when overlap joint away from influence of the adjustment to next work.
Temporal duration estimate variance is overlapped between groundwork, to next work influence value υ2 j(LT)Calculation method, by following table institute Show:
Project organic management in the works, every " work " organization arrangement (when overlap joint away from) estimate variance (υ2 j(LT)Take following calculating As a result maximum value)
It works in organization and administration and the estimate variance of target control in the works, the influence to next work will consider work Between interval time (Lagi-j) influence factor, be as follows:
Every groundwork adds up estimated time to completion deviation variance υ2 j(t)Calculation method:
Note:
(1)EFi'-for groundwork i is because estimation work deadline estimated bias influences, the time that can be completed at the latest, by Parameters of Normal Distribution λi=λiWhen >=3.5, P(iEF’)≈ 100%, so
(2) project organic management and target control in the works, the variance of every groundwork estimated time to completion deviation is by two Part forms: i.e. υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2) and*σj 2；υ2 i(t)It also include two parts, i.e. υ2 i(t)With*σi 2For the shadow of j " work " It rings；υ2 j(t)(do not include*σj 2The estimate variance of)-be j attack time；υ2 i(t)(do not include*σi 2When)-start for i work Between estimate variance.
The present invention calculates ES by the table one and table two of project organic management and target control planning charti、EFi、υi 2；By table one Lag is calculated with table threei-jAnd determine FFi, then calculate TFi、LSi、LFi。
All kinds of project organic managements and target control plan, resource is limited, duration shortest optimization method:
(1) according to project organic management and target control plan, its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn, and counts its money Source needs dynamic table；
(2) by resource requirement dynamic table, the optimization period is found；And to the work in the period, arranged by the following method Sequence:
1)TFi- Δ t is small；
2)TFi- Δ t is identical, FFiBig；
3)FFiAlso identical, tiLong；
4)tiAlso identical, riMore；
5)riAlso identical, ESiEarly；
6)ESiAlso identical, υi 2Big；
7)υi 2Also identical, σi 2Big；
8)σi 2Also identical, it sorts in the works in project organic management with target control preceding.
Note: Δ t-optimization (or moving to right) time.
(3) using following six kinds of searching optimization period, progress project organic management and target control plan, resource is limited, Duration shortest optimization method, then optimizes result: resource needs the resource requirement of most periods, project organization pipe After managing compared with the duration of target control plan, the balanced index for measuring resource needs etc., optimal optimum results are selected；
1) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And after sorting to the work in the period, back will be come, more than the work of limitation resource, and be optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start project organization pipe The calculating of reason and target control planned time parameter draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart, and counts its resource and need dynamic After table, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs in dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, it is all few In or be equal to resource limitation until；
2) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is from left to right found more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out；Then with At the beginning of working after optimization, as the time ES of its possible beginning earliesti, re-start project organic management and target control Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn in the calculating of planned time parameter processed, and are counted after its resource needs dynamic table, press more than Optimization method continues to optimize；Until resource needs in dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or equal to resource Until limitation；
3) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And after sorting to the work in the period, back will be come, more than the work of limitation resource, and be optimized to the period with laggard Row；Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start project organization pipe The calculating of reason and target control planned time parameter draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart, and counts its resource and need dynamic After table, continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs in dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, it is all few In or be equal to resource limitation until；
4) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left more than the limitation resource period, when as optimization Section；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out；Then with At the beginning of working after optimization, as the time ES of its possible beginning earliesti, re-start project organic management and target control Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn in the calculating of planned time parameter processed, and are counted after its resource needs dynamic table, press more than Optimization method continues to optimize；Until resource needs in dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or equal to resource Until limitation；
5) it by resource requirement dynamic table, from left to right finds resource requirement at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out； Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start project organic management with Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn in the calculating of target control planned time parameter, and are counted after its resource needs dynamic table, Continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs in dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or wait Until resource limitation；
6) by resource requirement dynamic table, resource requirement is found from right to left at most and is more than the limitation resource period, as Optimize the period；And to the work sequence in the period after, a last job will be come, be optimized to after the period and carry out； Then the time ES to start at the beginning of working after optimizing, as its earliest possibilityi, re-start project organic management with Its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart are drawn in the calculating of target control planned time parameter, and are counted after its resource needs dynamic table, Continue to optimize by the above optimization method；Until resource needs in dynamic table, the resource requirement of day part, less than or wait Until resource limitation.
There are mainly three types of the indexs for measuring the equilibrium of completion task or resource consumption equilibrium:
(1) resources requirement unbalance factor K, K=resources requirement peak value Rmax/ unit time resources requirement is put down Mean value Rm；
(2) the very poor Δ R of resources requirement, Δ R=max [| R(t)—Rm|], 0≤t≤T, R(t)The resource of-day part needs The amount of asking；The duration of T-project organic management and target control scheme (or plan)；
(3) resources requirement meansquaredeviationσ2, σ2=1/T ∑ [R(t)—Rm]2, 1≤t≤T；
Note: K, Δ R, σ2All be it is smaller, resource requirement harmony it is better.
Bonding relation is the work of STS, FTF, STF, STS and FTF, STS and STF, and " a work is pressed in optimization process Make " it optimizes；
One step of every optimization, the time (ES at the beginning of working after optimization, as its possible beginning earliesti), again It carries out the calculating of time parameter, repaint its Gantt chart or vivid progress chart, and count resource and need dynamic table, then proceed to It optimizes by the above process；Until the resource of project organic management and target control plan needs in dynamic table, day part Resource requirement, until limiting the quantity less than or equal to resource.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method, it is characterised in that: realize a kind of each category Mesh or taskings' management and target control plan, resource is limited, the complete scheme of duration most short optimization, passes through following steps reality It is existing:
Step (1) is according to project or taskings' management and target control plan, the time that may start earliest by work in every Draw its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing；
Step (2) is according to project or the Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing of taskings' management and target control plan, statistics Resource requirement dynamic table out；
Step (3) is according to project or taskings' management and target control plan and its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing and money Source demand dynamic table finds resources requirement more than the limitation resource period by resource requirement dynamic table, and to the work in the period Make, by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, greatly and relatively important work to duration influence degree Before row, it will come and carry out after subsequent optimization to the period, at the beginning of then being worked using after optimization, as the work Make the time that may start earliest, re-starts the calculating of project organic management Yu target control planned time parameter, and again It draws its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing, count resource requirement dynamic table, then continue to optimize by the above process, Until resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount；
To the work in the optimization period, by the duration influence degree and relative importance be ranked up, the duration is influenced Degree is greatly and before relatively important work row, will come and carry out after subsequent optimization to the period；Specifically it is respectively adopted Six kinds of methods optimize:
1) it from left to right works, optimize by the period item by item；
2) from left to right optimize by the period；
3) it works, optimize by the period item by item from right to left；
4) optimize from right to left by the period；
5) from left to right, from more to less, optimization item by item；
6) from right to left, from more to less, optimization item by item；
Step (4) is then right:
The resources requirement of the resource requirement of optimum results most periods；
Duration；
The estimate variance that plan time is realized；
Measure organization and administration and target control plan harmony or resource consumption harmony index:
A resources requirement unbalance factor K=rush day resource requirement ÷ daily average resource requirement K=Rmax÷Rmin；
The very poor △ R of b resource requirement=daily difference for planning requirement and daily average requirement maximum value △ R=max [| R(t)-Rm|]；
C resource requirement meansquaredeviationσ2The average value of the quadratic sum of=daily plan requirement and the difference of daily average requirement=；
After being compared, optimal prioritization scheme is selected.
2. a kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: (1) from left to right works item by item, optimizes by the period；It is the resource by project or taskings management and target control plan Demand dynamic table from left to right finds resource requirement more than the limitation resource period, and after being ranked up to the work of the period, It will be carried out after last optimization to the period；Then using optimization after work at the beginning of, it is earliest as the work The time that may start, the calculating of project organic management Yu target control planned time parameter is re-started, and repaint it Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing count resource requirement dynamic table, then continue to optimize by the above process, until each The resource requirement of period is both less than or equal to until limited resources amount.
3. a kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: (2) from left to right optimize by the period, are to need dynamic by project or taskings' management and the resource of target control plan Table from left to right finds resource requirement more than the limitation resource period, and after being ranked up to the work in the period, will below Optimization to the period more than limitation resource carries out later；Then at the beginning of being worked using after optimization, as the work The time that may start earliest, the calculating of project organic management Yu target control planned time parameter is re-started, and draw again It makes its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing, count resource requirement dynamic table, then continue to optimize by the above process, directly Until the resource requirement of day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount.
4. a kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: (3) work item by item from right to left, optimize by the period, are the resources by project or taskings management and target control plan Demand dynamic table finds resource requirement more than the limitation resource period from right to left, and after being ranked up to the work of the period, It will be carried out after last optimization to the period；Then using optimization after work at the beginning of, it is earliest as the work The time that may start, the calculating of project organic management Yu target control planned time parameter is re-started, and repaint it Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing count resource requirement dynamic table, then continue to optimize by the above process, until each The resource requirement of period is both less than or equal to until limited resources amount.
5. a kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described (4) optimize from right to left by the period, be that dynamic table is needed by project or taskings' management and the resource of target control plan, from The right side, more than the resource period of limiting the quantity, and after being ranked up to the work in the period, will be more than below to left searchings resource requirement The optimization to the period for resource of limiting the quantity carries out later；Then using optimization after work at the beginning of, it is earliest as the work The time that may start, the calculating of project organic management Yu target control planned time parameter is re-started, and repaint it Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing count resource requirement dynamic table, then continue to optimize by the above process, until each The resource requirement of period is both less than or equal to until limited resources amount.
6. a kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described (5) from left to right, from more to less, optimization item by item；It is the resource by project or taskings management and target control plan Dynamic table is needed, from left to right, finds resource requirement at most and more than the limitation resource period, and to the work in the period After being ranked up, it will be carried out after last optimization to the period；Then using optimization after work at the beginning of, as The time that the work may start earliest, the calculating of project organic management Yu target control planned time parameter is re-started, and It repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing, count resource requirement dynamic table, then continue by the above process Optimization, until the resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount.
7. a kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described (6) from right to left, from more to less, optimization item by item；It is the resource by project or taskings management and target control plan Dynamic table is needed, from right to left, finds resource requirement at most and more than the limitation resource period, and to the work in the period After being ranked up, it will be carried out after last optimization to the period；Then using optimization after work at the beginning of, as The time that the work may start earliest, the calculating of project organic management Yu target control planned time parameter is re-started, and It repaints its Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing, count resource requirement dynamic table, then continue by the above process Optimization, until the resource requirement until day part is both less than or is equal to limited resources amount.
8. a kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The step (2) is according to project or the Gantt chart or vivid progress gunter drawing of taskings' management and target control plan, statistics Resource requirement dynamic table out；It is to select a kind of to need the main resource that optimizes (for not needing the work of this resource, resource Requirement is set as zero), counting resource requirement dynamic table, and carry out the optimization of resource object.
9. a kind of according to claim 1 plan as a whole all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods, which is characterized in that institute State all kinds of project organic managements and target control plan:
(1) it is divided into type, non-type and mixed type three certainly certainly according to project or the type of task institute disintegration, project or task Kind；
(2) according to when being overlapped between project or task institute disintegration away from type, project or taskings' method are divided into affirmative Type, non-type certainly and three kinds of mixed type；
(3) all kinds of project organization organization and administration and target control plan, comprising:
1) affirmative type project, using the project organic management and target control plan that type method for organizing is formulated certainly；
2) affirmative type project, using the project organic management that type method for organizing is formulated non-certainly and target control plan；
3) affirmative type project, the project organic management formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing and target control plan；
4) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management and target control plan that type method for organizing is formulated certainly；
5) non-type project certainly, using the project organic management that type method for organizing is formulated non-certainly and target control plan；
6) non-type project certainly, the project organic management formulated using mixing sizing method for organizing and target control plan；
7) mixed type project, using the project organic management and target control plan that type method for organizing is formulated certainly；
8) mixed type project, using the project organic management that type method for organizing is formulated non-certainly and target control plan；
9) mixed type project, the project organic management formulated using mixed type method for organizing and target control plan.
10. a kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method, feature exist according to claim 1 In: for using STS(LT by technique requirementi), FTF(LTj), STF(LTi, LTj), STS and FTF(LTi, LTj), STS and STF (LTi, LTi', LTj), FTS and STF(LT, LTi, LTj) one of organizational form work, optimized as a job.
CN201910254371.5A 2019-03-31 2019-03-31 A kind of all kinds of project organization plan resource limited optimization methods of critical path method Pending CN110322103A (en)

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