CN110344787B

CN110344787B - Pumping unit system with multi-section steam injection seal spacer

Info

Publication number: CN110344787B
Application number: CN201910640239.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 付少彬; 赵玉刚; 王海洋
Original assignee: Shengli Fanland Oil Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Shengli Fanland Oil Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-16
Filing date: 2019-07-16
Publication date: 2021-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-16
Also published as: CN110344787A

Abstract

The invention discloses a pumping unit system with a multi-section steam injection seal spacer, which comprises a pumping unit main body, a gas injection thermal recovery oil well pump and a packer assembly, wherein the pumping unit main body is connected with the gas injection thermal recovery oil well pump through a traction system of the pumping unit main body, the gas injection thermal recovery oil well pump is connected with the packer assembly through a release joint, and the packer assembly comprises: the release joint, the first oil outlet pipe, the first side seal mandrel, the second oil outlet pipe, the second side seal mandrel, the third oil outlet pipe, the third side seal mandrel, the packer main body, the one-way valve, the first nozzle, the second nozzle, the sealing ring, the fourth oil outlet pipe, the third side seal mandrel, the fifth oil outlet pipe, the fourth side seal mandrel, the third nozzle, the vent pipe, the cable inlet guide piece and the side gas pipeline.

Description

Pumping unit system with multi-section steam injection seal spacer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pumping units, in particular to a pumping unit system with a multi-section steam injection packing part.

Background

In recent years, with the increasingly prominent world energy problem, the energy conservation of pumping units has become a main concern of people, new technologies are continuously applied by various domestic manufacturers and research units, the purpose of energy conservation of pumping units is realized by carrying out structure optimization design, improving balance modes and the like, the energy consumption is reduced, the oil extraction cost is reduced, a batch of novel pumping units are put into oil field exploitation in the past few years, and how to ensure high oil pumping efficiency, long service life of the pumping units, small dynamic load and stable discharge capacity are also the current problems of the pumping units.

As the underground key component of the pumping unit system, the packer divides the oil layer, prevents the mutual interference between the oil layers during the exploitation, and achieves the purpose of the layered exploitation, the packer is a sealed key component, but the current packer can not be combined with a steam injection system, lacks the adaptability adjustment of the well depth, lacks the matching structure with the steam injection system, and can not accurately calculate the extrusion force of the rubber sleeve to each part of the casing wall by using a theoretical model because the deformation of the rubber sleeve of the packer belongs to large-scale and nonlinear deformation. And at present, the effective experimental means for detecting the stress distribution of the casing wall is lacked, and the stress detection test can only be carried out on an oil production well head in an industrial site, but the industrial production efficiency is influenced, and meanwhile, the test method and the experimental data for the stress strain of the outer wall of the casing are lacked, so that the research and development efficiency of a novel packer tool is reduced, and the improved oil extraction tool is lacked in effective stress detection means. In the process of testing the high-temperature high-pressure high-yield deep well, the variation range of parameters such as oil and gas yield, pressure, temperature and the like is large, the well condition is complex, and if a packer system of a testing pipe column is stressed too much along with the variation of the temperature and the pressure, the testing pipe column is broken and the packer is not sealed, even the testing pipe column cannot be taken out and other more serious accidents are caused.

In addition, in the process of thick oil exploitation, because of high viscosity and poor fluidity, even the thick oil can not flow under an oil layer and is difficult to exploit, the main processes at present comprise steam viscosity reduction, electric heating, chemical agent doping and the like, most of thick oil wells with the well depth of more than 1000m adopt oil extraction processes of steam injection, well closing, self-injection and mechanical pumping, the fundamental way of thermal oil extraction is to heat crude oil and increase the temperature of the oil layer so as to reduce the viscosity and the seepage resistance of the crude oil and achieve the purpose of increasing the recovery ratio of the crude oil, and the injection and exploitation pump adopted at present has two forms, one is to inject gas through an oil outlet channel of a plunger, and a steam injection channel and an oil pumping channel are the same. The valve ball of the pump with the structure is hung on the upper part of the valve ball seat by the shear pin and the shear rod to form a steam injection channel, and the structure is complex. The other type is to inject gas through the outer side of the pump barrel, and steam in the structure can not be injected to the well bottom, so that the gas injection effect is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving the above problems by providing a pumping unit system with a multi-stage steam injection packing, as described in more detail below. The system has high operation efficiency, good energy-saving effect, long service life and convenient installation, the packer assembly is combined with the steam injection part, the multi-section adjustable length and the monitoring of the stress of the packer are realized, the generated danger is alarmed in time, the operation is simple, the maintenance is convenient, the gas injection effect is increased, the intelligent fuzzy control is realized, and the real-time online closed-loop control of the frequency conversion of the pumping unit is realized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a pumping unit system with multi-section steam injection and sealing spacer comprises a pumping unit main body, a gas injection thermal recovery oil well pump and a packer assembly, wherein the pumping unit main body is connected with the gas injection thermal recovery oil well pump through a traction system of the pumping unit main body, the gas injection thermal recovery oil well pump is connected with the packer assembly through a release joint,

the packer assembly includes: the releasing joint, the first oil outlet pipe, the first side sealing mandrel, the second oil outlet pipe, the second side sealing mandrel, the third oil outlet pipe, the third side sealing mandrel, the packer main body, the one-way valve, the first spray head, the second spray head, the sealing ring, the fourth oil outlet pipe, the third side sealing mandrel, the fifth oil outlet pipe, the fourth side sealing mandrel, the third spray head, the vent pipe, the cable inlet guide piece and the side gas pipeline, when injecting steam, steam passes through the packer main body through the air inlet of the side gas pipeline, passes through the air inlet pipe of the side gas pipeline, enters the transition pipe, the fourth oil outlet pipe and the fifth oil outlet pipe, is sprayed into the underground through the first spray head, the second spray head and the third spray head, and when oil is pumped, under the drive of the oil well pump, the well fluid pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the oil outlet pipe, so that the well fluid enters the one-way valve and enters the releasing joint along the third oil outlet pipe, the second oil outlet pipe and the first oil outlet pipe.

Maintaining pressure on a side gas pipeline above a packer main body and ensuring that connection of each component is not leaked, installing a third spray head below a fourth side sealing mandrel at the lower part, arranging a plug in the third spray head so as to force gas of the side gas pipeline passing through a gas inlet to flow into the fourth side sealing mandrel at the bottommost part and separate the side gas pipeline from well fluid generated in a shaft, installing a cable inlet guide below the fourth side sealing mandrel, respectively arranging underground measuring instruments for monitoring the working condition of the packer on the cable inlet guide, the packer main body and a releasing joint, constructing a porous pipe above a secondary port of the packer so as to lift from an annular space in an upper area, thereby bypassing a main pipe column in the lower area of the packer, and realizing adjustable combination of each part of the packer component through the first, second, third and fourth side sealing mandrels, so as to realize the length adjustment according to the well depth.

The packer assembly installation procedure was as follows:

step l, thoroughly backwashing the well by using hot water at the temperature of 70-80 ℃, performing well killing by using a well killing fluid in a reverse circulation mode according to the overflow condition of the well mouth, and taking out an original well packer assembly;

step 2, putting in a scraping drifting tubular column, repeatedly scraping a well section, detecting a sand surface, washing sand to the bottom of the artificial well, and taking out the scraping drifting tubular column;

step 3, setting a leakage testing pipe column to a preset depth for leakage testing, observing the overflow condition, and then lifting the leakage testing pipe column to a position above the perforation well section;

step 4, verifying the sealing condition of the packer assembly, if the sealing condition is qualified, entering the step 4, and otherwise, replacing the packer assembly;

step 5, setting a packer main body, a one-way valve, a first spray head, a second spray head, a sealing ring, a fourth oil outlet pipe, a third side sealing mandrel, a fifth oil outlet pipe, a fourth side sealing mandrel, a third spray head, a vent pipe, a cable inlet guide part and a side gas pipeline, after the packer main body is magnetically positioned and calibrated to be correct, filling the pipe column with clear water by using a cement truck so as to discharge a clearance, putting the first oil outlet pipe, the first side sealing mandrel, the second oil outlet pipe, the second side sealing mandrel, the third oil outlet pipe and the third side sealing mandrel into the packer main body, and positively pressurizing the pipe column from the first oil outlet pipe, if the pressure is balanced, reinforcing the pipe column;

step 6, lifting the first oil outlet pipe, and inserting the releasing joint to complete the installation of the packer assembly;

the packer assembly improves the vertical flow and lift efficiency of the fluid in the well by allowing continuous gas lift injection into the wellbore at the maximum possible depth below the packer, helping to maintain good well integrity and good maintainability with standard tools and equipment present in the industry.

Wherein, the packer main part includes: top connection, carry link, upper tube, locking piece, lock cover, cone piston, spring, expansion packing element, low tube, floating piston, pin, pull ring, fender ring and lower clutch, this packer main part is through oil pipe pressurization and decompaction and now is set and the deblocking, specifically is: hydraulic pressure is added, hydraulic pressure acts on the cone piston through a liquid transfer hole of the lower pipe, the tension of the spring is overcome, the cone piston moves axially, the hydraulic pressure enters an inner cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder through the cone piston, the expansion rubber cylinder expands, packing is achieved, pressure of an oil pipe is quickly released, the cone piston is closed under the action of the spring tension and the hydraulic pressure of the inner cavity of the rubber cylinder, the rubber cylinder is always in an expansion state, and oil and a ring-shaped space are sealed; when deblocking, the upper joint is lifted and the pin is cut off, the lock sleeve moves upwards to enable the lock block to be in a free state, the oil pipe is continuously lifted to drive the central pipe to move upwards, the upper pipe is separated from the limit of the lock block, the cone piston leaves the sealing surface, the upper pressure release channel and the lower pressure release channel are communicated with the rubber cylinder, pressure is released, and deblocking is completed.

For being applicable to the sleeve pipe of different diameters and the cover case of becoming, this packer design has 2 kinds of diameters, and the external diameter is 95 mm and 105 mm respectively, is applicable to 139.7 mm cased hole, 177.8 mm cased hole respectively and carries out layering card water shutoff.

This packer is at the in-process that goes into the well, and the liquid is not got into to the inner chamber, has realized quick the packing of packer and quick convenient deblocking.

The one-way valve consists of an upper joint, a pattern plate, a spring, a valve ball, an ejector rod, a pin, a bridge body, a plug and a lower joint, the one-way valve is correspondingly arranged at a production layer position, before the tubular column downhole packer is set, an ejector rod piston closes an internal and external communication channel, when the packer is set through pressurization, hydraulic pressure acts on the piston of the ejector rod to shear the pin, the valve ball is pressed on a valve seat under the action of the spring, and the valve ball and the valve seat are sealed in a one-way mode.

The one-way valve ensures that external liquid can enter the interior of an oil pipe when the oil well pump pumps, prevents flushing liquid from polluting an oil layer when flushing a well, and prevents the midway setting of a packer caused by the fact that shaft liquid enters a pipe column when the pipe column goes into the well. When the hydraulic pressure is applied, the pressure can be transmitted to the lower part. When the well is washed, the one-way valve prevents the well-washing liquid from polluting the oil layer.

The releasing joint consists of an upper joint, a sliding sleeve, a pin, a ball sleeve, a locking ball and a lower joint, after the packer completes setting, an oil pipe is put into the locking ball, liquid pressure is added, the pin is cut off, the sliding sleeve falls down, the locking ball falls into a groove of the sliding sleeve, the interlocking mechanism is released, releasing is realized, the pipe column above the releasing is lifted, 2 sucker rods are put into the locking ball, and the control pin is broken by means of the impact force of the sucker rods, so that releasing is realized.

Wherein, packer operating mode monitoring's downhole measurement appearance includes foil gage, pressure sensor, signal amplification modulation circuit, analog-to-digital conversion circuit, data acquisition circuit and treater, monitors the packer operating mode through the data that downhole measurement appearance acquireed, judges whether it is in safe state, judges the process as follows:

step 1, calculating the section pressure of the packer according to the acquired data,

section pressure P of packer during oil pumping_cComprises the following steps:

section pressure P of packer during steam injection_zComprises the following steps:

wherein P is_sIs well head pressure, P_bThe bottom hole pressure, L the length of the packer and H the well depth of the packer;

step 2, calculating the bending axial force F of the packer_wz，

F_wz＝-F_zb-Q_fH+Q_vH+F_bh，

F_zbEquivalent axial force for bending of cross section, Q_fIs a viscous friction coefficient, Q_vCoefficient of coulomb friction, F_bhA cross-sectional piston force;

step 3, stress calculation, namely respectively calculating the compressive stress sigma of the pumping section_sPressure stress σ of gas injection cross section_zAxial tensile stress σ_wz：

R_wMaximum outside radius of packer, R_nThe minimum outer radius of the packer;

and step 4, judging the stress limit,

σ_sis the yield stress of the packer material, n_sFor safety factor, MAX () is a maximum function;

if the calculation result meets the formula, the packer stress material is safe, otherwise, a warning is given out, and the packer is prompted to enter a stress limit state.

Has the advantages that:

1. high efficiency and good energy-saving effect

The mechanical efficiency is high, the transmission system of the floor type multi-rope pumping unit is simple, the transmission chain is short, and the positive and negative rotation of the motor is converted into the up-and-down linear motion of the polish rod through the steel wire rope. The balance weight of the pumping unit is in a vertical balance weight mode, the rising and falling of the balance weight only convert kinetic energy and potential energy, and no energy loss exists, so the mechanical efficiency of the pumping unit is high, and the product of the efficiency of the motor and the efficiency of the speed reducer can reach more than 80 percent;

the motor is efficient, and the motor adopts the variable frequency speed control motor by converter control, because the converter has overload and zero passage start function, can reduce installed capacity, has solved the problem that traditional beam machine big horse pulled the dolly. The re-frequency converter has an energy storage function, greatly improves the power factor of a power supply system, can reach more than 90 percent, reduces the power supply capacity, and obviously increases the ground efficiency. In addition, the speed of the motor in positive and negative rotation can be respectively adjusted in a stepless manner, the descending speed of the polish rod is properly reduced, the filling coefficient of the pump can be increased, and the underground efficiency of oil extraction is improved;

the efficiency of the pump is greatly improved with long stroke and low stroke number: under the condition of the same average polish rod speed, the liquid production amount is improved. Taking a 12-type pumping well, a pump hanging depth of 1600 meters and a well rod deformation length of 1 meter as examples, the maximum stroke of the traditional 12-type beam pumping unit is 4.2 meters, while the maximum stroke of the 12-type floor-type multi-rope pumping unit is 7.6 meters, if the stroke frequency of the beam pumping unit is 5 times/minute, the actual effective lifting liquid column length per minute is 16 meters, and the lifting liquid column length per day is 23040 meters; under the condition that the speeds of the polish rods are the same, the actual effective lifting liquid column length per minute of the floor type multi-rope oil pumping unit is 18.48 meters; effectively lifting 26611 meters each day. That is to say, under the condition that the speed of the polish rod is the same, compared with the traditional beam machine, the floor type multi-rope oil pumping machine can pump 3571 meters of liquid column more, and the pump efficiency is improved by 15.5 percent;

through automatic control, the output liquid volume of the pumping unit is adapted to the underground liquid supply volume, the oil extraction efficiency is improved by 'supplying and extracting balance', the problem of low or idle running of high-speed liquid production volume is avoided, and the energy consumption is saved.

2. Convenient and simple parameter adjustment

The parameter adjustment of the floor type multi-rope pumping unit and the parameter adjustment of the beam pumping unit have essential changes, the stroke number of the beam pumping unit is changed by disassembling a motor and a belt pulley on a speed reducer according to different speed ratios, the stroke is changed by changing the position of a connecting rod pin, the time is consumed for about 2 hours for each adjustment, the stroke and the stroke number of the floor type multi-rope pumping unit are adjusted by adjusting a button and a potentiometer in a control box, the adjustment can be completed in a few minutes, and time and labor are saved.

3. Prolong the service life of well rod and pump and reduce the operation times in well

The life of a well rod depends on factors such as the quality of the well rod, the load, the number of stretches, the alternating load, and the eccentric wear of the rod pipe. Still compare with 12 type pumping units, under the condition of polished rod speed (effective speed of up going) 21 meters per minute, the number of strokes of the beam machine is 5, while the number of strokes of the floor type multi-rope pumping unit is 2.8, for example, by this item, the time for breaking the rod by using the floor type multi-rope pumping unit is prolonged by nearly one time; because the acceleration when starting and braking is very small, the most of the time of the up stroke and the down stroke is the uniform motion, basically the dynamic load is close to zero, and the service life of the well rod is greatly prolonged.

4. The adaptability is strong, the floor type multi-rope pumping unit can work in different occasions of environment, well and mine

The floor type multi-rope pumping unit can work all day long, can normally work at the ambient temperature of-40 ℃ to +60 ℃, is provided with a heating and air exhausting system in a control cabinet of the floor type multi-rope pumping unit, and is also provided with an industrial refrigeration system when the ambient temperature exceeds 60 ℃, so that the working temperature environment of the floor type multi-rope pumping unit is wide, the protection grade of the control cabinet is IP45, and the floor type multi-rope pumping unit can work in the weather of rainstorm, snow and sand wind, so that the floor type multi-rope pumping unit is suitable for working all day long;

in addition, the wind resistance coefficient of the floor type multi-rope pumping unit is small, and the operation can be unaffected when wind power is 12 grades through calculation. The transmission system and the control system of the floor type multi-rope pumping unit can be arranged on the upper part of the frame. Can work normally even in water;

the floor type multi-rope pumping unit can work on a sand-containing well except a normal well, the sand content is large, sand blockage can be caused, at the moment, the floor type multi-rope pumping unit can be started in a positive and negative mode within a deformation range of a well rod to flush sand, and when a valve is blocked, a pump is automatically flushed; the floor type multi-rope pumping unit can work on a well with extra heavy oil by small change, and the condition is that the polished rod can freely descend on the well by the dead weight, because the running speed of the motor is consistent with the descending speed of the polished rod through frequency conversion control, the polished rod can ascend at the maximum speed when ascending, thereby not only solving the problem of liquid extraction of the heavy oil, but also increasing the liquid production amount of the oil.

5. Can measure the parameters of oil well, and implement intelligent oil production and monitoring

The closed-loop control of the motor is realized by using PID control, so that the stable operation of the motor is ensured, and the system has good following performance.

6. Less auxiliary material and simple maintenance

The floor type multi-rope pumping unit uses 100 liters of industrial extreme pressure oil, 4kg of lithium-based lubricating grease, and the steel wire ropes and the friction pads of wearing parts are replaced according to the wear degree after being used for more than three years. The beam-pumping unit uses about 360 liters of lubricating oil every year, the consumption of a transmission belt and a connecting rod pin is also large, and the maintenance cost greatly exceeds that of a floor type multi-rope pumping unit;

the floor type multi-rope pumping unit has few mechanical transmission parts and basically has no maintenance, and the control system adopts a modularized and foolproof operation mode, so the floor type multi-rope pumping unit is simple and easy to be communicated in maintenance and use.

7. The adjustable combination of all parts of the packer assembly is realized through a plurality of sections of the sealing mandrels, and the length is adjusted according to the well depth;

8. the packer assembly improves the vertical flow and lift efficiency of the fluid in the well by allowing continuous gas lift injection into the wellbore at the maximum possible depth below the packer, helping to maintain good well integrity and good maintainability with standard tools and equipment present in the industry;

9. the packer working condition is monitored through the data acquired by the underground measuring instrument, the working condition of the packer is effectively judged, and the packing safety is ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the main body of the pumping unit of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the packer assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a packer body construction view of the packer assembly of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a one-way valve of the packer assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the release sub of the packer assembly of the present invention;

in the figure, 1 is a releasing joint, and 2: a first oil outlet pipe; 3: a first side seal mandrel; 4: a second oil outlet pipe; 5: second side seal mandrel, 6: a third oil outlet pipe, 7: a third side seal mandrel 8: a packer main body, 9: check valve, 10: first nozzle, 11: a second nozzle 12: transition pipe, 13: a fourth oil outlet pipe, 14: a third side seal mandrel 15: a fifth oil outlet pipe, 16: fourth side seal mandrel, 17: third nozzle, 18: a breather pipe, 19: a cable entry guide; a: air inlet, B: a voltage regulating unit C: an air inlet pipe; 81: an upper joint; 83: lifting a hanging ring; 83-upper pipe; 84: a locking block; 85: a lock sleeve; 86: a cone piston; 87: a spring; 88: expanding the rubber cylinder; 89: a lower pipe; 810: a floating piston; 811: a pin; 812: a pull ring; 813: a baffle ring; 814: a lower joint; 91: an upper joint; 92: a pattern plate; 93: a spring; 94: a valve ball; 95: a top rod; 96: a pin; 97: a bridge body; 98: plugging with a thread; 99: a lower joint; 11: an upper joint; 12: a sliding sleeve; 13: a pin; 14: a ball sleeve; 15: locking the ball; 16: and a lower joint.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a pumping unit system with multi-stage steam injection and packing piece comprises a pumping unit main body, a gas injection thermal recovery oil pump and a packer assembly, wherein the pumping unit main body is connected with the gas injection thermal recovery oil pump through a traction system of the pumping unit main body, the gas injection thermal recovery oil pump is connected with the packer assembly through a releasing joint,

the beam-pumping unit main part includes: a concrete foundation, a moving machine guide rail, a rail clamping device component, a control cabinet, a bracket, an adjustable balance weight, an upper platform, an upper guardrail combination, a power device, a brake, a traction system and an elevator,

the traction system comprises a traction wheel, a steel wire rope, a movable pulley block and a steel wire rope joint, wherein the steel wire rope is divided into a lifting steel wire rope and a balance steel wire rope, one end of the lifting steel wire rope is fixed on the traction wheel and bypasses the traction wheel, the other end of the lifting steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the steel wire rope joint on the support through an elevator and a movable pulley on the elevator, the balance steel wire rope is opposite to the lifting steel wire rope, one end of the balance steel wire rope is fixed on the traction wheel and bypasses the traction wheel, and the other end of the balance steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the steel wire rope joint on the support through an adjustable balance weight and a movable pulley on the adjustable balance weight;

the steel wire ropes bypass two ends of the traction wheel and are respectively connected with a movable pulley block arranged on the elevator and the adjustable balance weight and are respectively fixed on a steel wire rope joint of the traction system;

the bracket is a combined truss structure, the height of the bracket meets the long stroke, the section size meets the site requirement, the structural strength and the reciprocating motion condition of the balance weight,

the power device comprises a motor, a hydraulic coupler, a steering adjusting mechanism and a brake;

the motor is a rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the rotor loss of the motor is less than that of a common asynchronous motor, so that the efficiency of the motor is about 5% higher than that of the common motor. The power factor can reach more than 0.9, the starting current is large, the motor adopts unidirectional rotation, and the power output steering is completed according to the stroke requirement through the steering structure of the power device;

the hydraulic coupler is a non-rigid coupling taking liquid as a working medium, torque is transmitted by the change of momentum moment generated by the interaction of the liquid with blades of a pump impeller and a turbine, the pump impeller and the turbine of the hydraulic coupler form a closed working cavity capable of enabling the liquid to circularly flow, the pump impeller is arranged on an input shaft, the turbine is arranged on an output shaft, when a motor drives the input shaft to rotate, the liquid is thrown out by a centrifugal pump impeller, high-speed liquid enters the turbine and pushes the turbine to rotate, energy obtained from the pump impeller is transmitted to the output shaft, the liquid returns to the pump impeller to form circular and repeated flow, the transmission efficiency of the hydraulic coupler is equal to the rotation speed of the output shaft and the rotation speed of the input shaft, and the rotation speed ratio is more than 0.95; when the oil of the hydraulic coupler is exhausted, the hydraulic coupler is in a disengaged state and can play a role of a clutch;

the input shaft and the output shaft of the hydraulic coupler are in liquid connection, and the working components are not rigidly connected, so that impact and vibration can be eliminated; the output rotating speed is lower than the input rotating speed, and the rotating speed difference of the two shafts is increased along with the increase of the load; the overload protection performance and the starting performance are good, the input shaft can still rotate when the load is overlarge and the rotation is stopped, and the damage to the power machine is avoided; when the load is reduced, the rotating speed of the output shaft is increased until the rotating speed of the output shaft is close to that of the input shaft, so that the transmission torque tends to zero;

the steering adjusting mechanism consists of a bevel gear reducer, a keyed shifting sleeve, a proportional shifting fork, a slide rod, two connecting rods, a floating shifting rod and a stroke adjusting shaft, wherein a transmission shaft is an output shaft of a motor, a left reversing bevel gear and a right reversing bevel gear of the bevel gear reducer are sleeved on the transmission shaft of the bevel gear reducer, the keyed shifting sleeve is used for adjusting the power direction, the power transmission direction is changed by adjusting the keyed shifting sleeve, the keyed shifting sleeve is quickly shifted by the proportional shifting fork in a ratio of 2:1, a lower long groove of the proportional shifting fork is in contact with a guide block of the slide rod, the slide rod reciprocates in a guide seat to drive the shifting fork to move, one end of the slide rod is hinged with a pushing connecting rod, a positioning connecting rod and the floating shifting rod, the floating shifting rod is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and when a stop pin fixed on the traction wheel rotates and touches the floating shifting rod, the floating shifting rod rotates together with the traction wheel.

After the motor is powered on, the right reversing bevel gear of the bevel gear reducer is driven to rotate through the hydraulic coupler and drives the traction wheel to run together, meanwhile, the balance steel wire rope and the adjustable balance weight are driven to move downwards, when the stop pin of the traction wheel touches the floating driving lever, the floating driving lever pushes the connecting rod, the shifting fork is combined with the left reversing bevel gear, the traction wheel is driven to rotate reversely, the lifting steel wire rope and the lifter are driven to move downwards, and when the other stop pin of the traction wheel touches the floating driving lever, a new stroke cycle is started.

The oil pumping machine drives the oil pumping rod and the oil well pump to continuously pump crude oil by the circulation. The motor always runs in a single direction during operation, so that the power consumption caused by reversing can be reduced. The impact caused by reversing is absorbed by the fluid coupling. When the stroke needs to be adjusted, the stroke can be changed by only changing the position of the pin shaft of the outer ring of the traction wheel, so that an electric control system is simplified, and the reliability is improved.

The elevator is by automatic aligning device, buffer, carry and draw roof beam bedplate and sucker rod chucking device to constitute, buffer and automatic aligning device establish the intermediate position at the position of installation running pulley group, the direct alignment well head, buffer settles on automatic aligning device, automatic aligning device includes the aligning ball seat, high strength bolts, carry the roof beam bedplate, the aligning bulb, aligning bulb gland, the aligning ball seat links firmly together with the lift roof beam bedplate of automatic aligning device with high strength bolts, the aligning bulb is fixed on the aligning ball seat by aligning bulb gland, buffer comprises rubber bullet yellow and rubber spring guide pin bushing, rubber spring settles in the rubber spring guide pin bushing that plays protection and setting effect.

The elevator is simple in structure, safe and reliable, and brings great convenience to the detection of the pumping unit.

The adjustable balance weight is flexibly adjusted according to the load sizes of different well positions or different periods of the same well position so as to ensure the balance degree of the pumping unit and keep the current of the pumping unit stable in operation. The wire rope with the adjustable balance weight rotates around the rope axis at a certain angle due to the existence of internal torque among strands, and the balance weight also rotates along with the wire rope, so that the wire rope swings back and forth during reversing. In order to ensure the space distance for triggering the travel switch and the running stability, the motion guide device is installed when the counterweight moves up and down, so that the counterweight can only do lifting motion along the guide rail.

In order to ensure that the guide mechanism is kept in contact with the guide rail but is clamped, a spring is added in the guide device to ensure that the guide wheel is tightly pressed on the guide rail.

The counterweight guide system is used for ensuring that the guide mechanism keeps contact with the guide rail but is not blocked, so that a spring is added in the guide device to ensure that the guide wheel is tightly pressed on the guide rail.

The brake adopts two braking modes of a normally closed type and a normally open type, wherein the normally closed type means that the brake enables the motor to be normally electrified by virtue of an electro-hydraulic brake when the motor runs, the internal contracting brake is opened by virtue of electric power, and the internal contracting brake is locked by virtue of a spring when the power is cut off; the normally open type is that the brake is opened by the elasticity of the spring in the running process of the brake, so that the motor operates without restriction, the brake always consumes no energy, only when the pumping unit stops, the motor is powered on under the pushing of the brake, and the lever is pushed open by the centrifugal force to drive the brake to brake the motor;

the rail clamping device component consists of an adjustable rail clamping device, an adjustable jack baffle, a shifting guide sleeve and a shifting guide rail, the adjustable rail clamping device and the shifting guide rail form a counter-force balance supporting mechanism, the adjustable jack baffle, the shifting guide sleeve and the shifting guide rail form a shifting mechanism, the adjustable rail clamping device consists of an adjusting screw rod, an adjusting nut, an outer sleeve, a guide plate, a chuck opening and closing guide pin, a chuck up-down position adjusting guide shaft and a chuck, the adjusting screw rod is rotated to move up and down through the adjusting nut fixed on the outer sleeve, the adjusting screw rod drives the chuck through the guide plate, the chuck utilizes the chuck up-down position adjusting guide shaft and a vertical long hole on the outer sleeve to move close to or away from a track in the vertical direction, the adjusting screw rod is rotated continuously to push or lift the guide plate, and the torque is generated by the relative position between the vertical long hole on the outer sleeve and a transverse long hole on the guide plate, clamping or loosening the chuck to or from the rail; the chuck moves along the vertical direction, even if a machining deformation error exists between the track and the pumping unit base, the rail clamping device and the track can be in a proper contact position, and the rail clamping device can be ensured to accurately clamp the rail.

The conventional linear pumping unit is carried out by adopting a lead screw or a crow bar and other methods during well repairing displacement, and needs to be positioned by using a foundation bolt after being moved to a designated position, so that the phenomenon that the derrick is overturned due to wind blowing and other unexpected reasons, time and labor are wasted, the displacement is difficult, and the adjustable rail clamping device is used for positioning the derrick during displacement or providing a counter force balance support for the derrick at ordinary times.

The control cabinet comprises a frequency converter, an energy consumption brake module, a man-machine interface module, a PLC controller and a temperature control module, wherein a monitoring part is communicated with the control cabinet through an Ethernet, the PLC controller carries out fuzzy control on the output frequency of the frequency converter according to a set speed curve, the frequency converter controls forward and reverse acceleration, uniform speed and deceleration movement of a motor, the motor drives a traction wheel to drag a steel wire rope through a speed reducer so that an elevator and a counterweight carry out vertical reciprocating movement to complete the working process of the whole oil pumping unit, a rotary encoder is externally connected to the speed reducer and used for feeding back a rotating pulse accumulated value output by the motor to a high-speed counter module in the PLC controller, and through a program conversion unit, a fed-back pulse electric signal is converted into an actual output frequency value which is compared with a preset frequency value, and closed-loop control is completed through a PID module of the PLC controller.

The process of fuzzy control is as follows:

step 1, a rotary encoder takes a difference value of a pulse value and a set value as a deviation through a speed measuring module, analog-to-digital conversion is realized through a high-speed counter module, a frequency deviation value e and a frequency deviation change ec are obtained, and the obtained frequency deviation value e and the frequency deviation change ec are input to a fuzzy controller;

step 2, converting the frequency deviation value e and the frequency deviation change ec into fuzzy quantity to finish the fuzzification process;

step 3, carrying out fuzzy reasoning on the fuzzy quantity according to a language rule established by experience;

and 4, performing defuzzification processing, namely converting the control quantity U into a control command U, namely sharpening, converting the control command U into a current signal through PLC program conversion, and controlling the output of the frequency converter by converting the output frequency, so as to realize the accurate control of the motor.

The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:

step 3.1, determining fuzzy linguistic variables, fuzzifying the frequency deviation value e and the frequency deviation change ec into fuzzy language E, EC, and taking PID correction quantity delta Kp and delta Ki as output fuzzy linguistic variables;

step 3.2, determining fuzzy domains according to the language rules, wherein the fuzzy domains of E, EC are [0, 5], [0, 9], [ delta KP ] and [ delta KI ] are [0, 3], [0, 0.24 ];

3.3, determining a physical discourse domain according to a language rule, determining that the quantization factors Ke and Kec of E, EC are both 1, the scale factor KKp of delta Kp is 0.05, and the scale factor KKi of delta Ki is 2; E. the physical discourse domain of EC is [0, 5] and [0, 9 ]; the physical domains of the delta KP and the delta KI are [0, 0.15], [0, 0.48 ];

step 3.4, setting a fuzzy set, wherein the fuzzy set of the deviation E is { ZO, S, SS, SSS, M, MM, MMM, L, LL, LLL, LLLL }, the fuzzy set of the deviation change EC is { ZO, S, M, L }, the fuzzy set of the control quantity delta KP is { ZO, S, M, L }, and the fuzzy set of the control quantity delta KI is { ZO, S, M, L };

and 3.5, setting a membership function graph, setting a discourse domain and a fuzzy set according to the membership function graph, finishing fuzzy reasoning and outputting a control quantity U.

According to the PID control, a fuzzy rule is compiled according to a PID self-tuning principle, when | e | is large, Kp plays a main role, and Ki is close to 0, so that the system has good following performance; as | e | and | ec | get smaller, the Kp effect gets smaller accordingly, while Ki plays a major role, whose value gets larger, allowing the system to have less overshoot. After the system is stabilized, Kp and Ki gradually tend to be stable.

Wherein, the gas injection thermal recovery oil well pump comprises a high-temperature high-pressure thermal recovery well head, a thermal recovery well head Christmas tree, a polished rod, a high-temperature polished rod sealer, a high-temperature sucker rod blowout preventer, a metal sealing casing head, a sucker rod centralizer, an oil pump deviation corrector, a sucker rod anti-slip device, a dual-purpose injection and production pump, a gas injection tail pipe and a steam distribution valve,

the design of gas injection thermal recovery oil pumping is completed on the basis of combining the process flow of gas injection oil recovery with the on-site actual operation, and the design aims to more conveniently and visually embody the parts on the thickened oil gas injection oil extraction rod column, and can uniformly distribute steam to any position at the shaft bottom, thereby improving the gas injection effect, reducing the gas injection period, effectively avoiding eccentric wear of the oil pumping rod and the oil pipe, prolonging the service life of an oil well pump and improving the pump efficiency, reducing the operation times and greatly reducing the oil recovery cost.

The polish rod sealer comprises a flank protective sleeve, a polish rod flashboard blowout preventer, a secondary packing seal, a polish rod sealing box, a blowout prevention pipe, a blowout gate, a four-way flank protective sleeve and a pressure relief plug, and can seal a polish rod with the diameter of 25 mm, 28 mm, 32 mm or 38mm, the rated pressure is 35MPa, and the highest service temperature is 375 ℃; the sealing test pressure is 35 MPa; the strength test pressure is 50 MPa; the connection mode adopts a hoop, a flange and/or oil pipe threads;

the second-level packing seal is provided with a polished rod blowout prevention box, so that the polished rod can be sealed through the third-level seal, and the polished rod flashboard blowout prevention box can tightly hold the polished rod through screwing bolts at two sides;

the polished rod sealer is designed to achieve the sealing effect mainly from the aspects of safety, environmental protection and operability;

before the gas injection, unscrew the flank protective sheath, close the polished rod and prevent spouting the box, the installation lubricator carries out the gas injection, stifled well and blowout, the lubricator, through oil pipe threaded connection between flank protective sheath and the cross, form airtight space, seal the parcel the inside to the second grade packing (even lead to the packing inefficacy because the steam temperature is too high, perhaps the packing does not compress tightly and cause the packing seepage, all can come to be isolated with external atmosphere through this airtight space, greatly reduced the possibility of steam leakage), when starting to change the extraction, open blowout gate and flank protective sheath on the lubricator and carry out the blowout, if there is no pressure to show, it is reliable to explain sealed effect, can directly change the extraction, if there is pressure, the intact degree that the inspection packing is sealed, it changes the extraction to compress tightly the sealed second grade packing.

The temperature is about 340 ℃ during gas injection, if leakage occurs, workers cannot approach a well site, any problem possibly occurring in the gas injection process is fully considered by the design of the product, and safety measures are added on the basis of the original product.

The second-level packing seal of the polish rod sealer can move the seal hole of the second-level packing seal along the plane in the horizontal direction, the eccentricity is automatically corrected, meanwhile, the BOP seal device is arranged, the requirements of hanging and pumping under pressure and replacing the second-level packing seal are met by sealing the polish rod through the BOP seal device, and the material of the BOP seal device is mainly high-temperature fluororubber and/or modified polytetrafluoroethylene.

The steam injection and extraction conversion is simple and reliable, steam can be injected only by putting the plunger assembly to the bottom and exposing the steam injection hole during steam injection, the plunger is lifted up after steam injection to shield the steam injection hole, the steam injection can be converted and extracted, the steam injection thermal recovery effect can be timely exerted, and the oil extraction cost is reduced.

The polish rod and the polish rod short joint of the split polish rod are connected together by threads, the polish rod short joint is lifted up by the oil pumping unit when the anti-impact distance is adjusted, after the polish rod short joint is completely lifted out of a well head, a polish rod clip is installed on the lower polish rod, the polish rod short joint is dismounted, and the polish rod short joint is directly hung and pulled up at the height which is a descending termination point of the oil pumping unit;

the problem that the polish rod is too long due to the fact that the polish rod is lifted upwards is avoided, if a large-stroke crawler-type oil pumping unit is adopted, the polish rod needs to be cut off on site, and anti-falling threads on the polish rod cannot be machined, so that labor intensity is improved, and potential safety hazards exist; if the split type polish rod is adopted, after the polish rod is lifted, the polish rod can be shortened by detaching the upper polish rod short circuit without on-site cutting, and meanwhile, the anti-falling function of the polish rod is realized by increasing the number of the threads and being covered; the anti-collision distance adjusting program is simplified. The polish rod with the structure can finish the operation by anyone without calculating and measuring the lifting amount of the polish rod, thereby reducing the labor intensity.

The surface of the polished rod is plated with tungsten alloy;

the corrosion resistance is improved: in the process of exploiting thick oil in an oil field, chemical agents are required to be added underground before steam injection to dilute crude oil, because the corrosion to a polished rod is serious under high temperature and high pressure, aiming at the above conditions, a large number of field tests are carried out on the surface of the polished rod to carry out tungsten alloy plating treatment, so that the corrosion resistance of the polished rod is improved, the surface hardness of the polished rod is increased, the friction coefficient is reduced, and the service life of a polished rod sealer packing is correspondingly prolonged.

The sucker rod centralizer is connected with a sucker rod through sucker rod threads, the sucker rod centralizer is placed in an outer sleeve and is of a triangular arc structure, the sucker rod centralizer can freely rotate while moving up and down in an oil pipe, four guide pieces are embedded in the sucker rod centralizer placed in the outer sleeve and are supported on the inner wall of the oil pipe through high-performance springs, and the sucker rod moves up and down along the inner sleeve to prevent the sucker rod from deviating from the center;

the structure effectively prevents the eccentric wear phenomenon caused by the eccentric center of the sucker rod, avoids the dropping of the sucker rod caused by the abrasion of the sucker rod, and prolongs the service life of the sucker rod and the oil pipe.

The anti-drop device of the sucker rod is arranged between the sucker rods, the outer part of the anti-drop device is provided with an anti-wear sleeve which can rotate flexibly and cut high hardness, the inner part of the anti-wear sleeve is of a universal structure, and the anti-wear sleeve can incline at an angle of 10 degrees in any direction;

because the horizontal well oil-well pump has certain inclination, in the process of pumping, the sucker rod can produce bending deformation, the service life is reduced, moreover, along with reciprocating of the oil pumping unit, can also act on certain moment of torsion to the sucker rod, if long-time use, the sucker rod probably takes place to break away from the phenomenon, to this problem, the sucker rod anticreep ware is installed between the sucker rod, the outside has the wear-resisting cover of the nimble high rigidity of cutting of rotation, inside is universal structure, can arbitrary direction slope 10 degrees, the effectual crooked effort that reduces the horizontal well sucker rod, the junction can freely rotate simultaneously, can make the moment of torsion greatly reduced of sucker rod axis direction, prevent to break away from with the coupling, play fine guard action to the sucker rod, the service life is prolonged.

The oil well pump deviation corrector comprises a deviation correcting sleeve, a piston, an oil outlet valve, an intake valve and universal devices, wherein the universal devices are connected to the upper end of the exhaust valve and the lower end of the oil inlet valve, the two universal devices can deflect by 12 degrees at most, the universal devices, the oil outlet valve, the piston and the oil inlet valve form an oil pumping pipe column, and the oil pumping pipe column moves up and down along the deviation correcting sleeve and pulls the oil well pump through a lower universal joint to finish oil pumping action;

in the oil pumping process, the deviation correcting sleeve is installed above the oil well pump and is connected with a pump barrel of the oil well pump through an oil pipe short joint, the oil pumping pipe column is connected with the plunger through a sucker rod short joint, the central line of the oil well pump and the central line of the sucker rod form a certain angle in a horizontal well or an inclined well, the deviation correcting sleeve is corrected through two universal devices, the oil well pump deviation correcting device is also obliquely placed in the well, the sucker rod short joint on the upper portion of the oil well pump and the pump barrel are forcibly aligned, and the plunger of the oil well pump is prevented from being acted by radial force in the pump barrel.

The structure avoids the eccentric wear of the oil well pump, and simultaneously, the piston reciprocates in the deviation-correcting pump barrel, and the stroke oil pumping space is equivalent to a short-plunger oil well pump, thereby playing a certain pumping-assisting role and greatly increasing the pump efficiency.

The injection-production integrated pump comprises a pump barrel upper joint, an air injection outer pipe, an upper oil outlet valve, a pump barrel, a lower traveling valve, a plunger seal, an extension pipe, a fixed valve assembly and an air injection pipe lower joint, wherein the structural form of the long plunger and the short pump barrel is adopted, the upper part of the air injection outer pipe is connected with the pump barrel joint, the lower part of the air injection outer pipe is connected with the air injection pipe lower joint to form an air injection channel, steam is directly conveyed into the air injection tail pipe through a slotted part of the pump barrel, and the steam is uniformly conveyed into a well through a steam distribution valve connected to the air injection tail pipe;

the upper part of the upper joint of the pump barrel is connected with an oil production pipe column, and the lower part of the upper joint of the pump barrel is connected with an air injection outer pipe through pipe threads, so that leakage in the air injection process is avoided.

The pump barrel comprises an extension pipe, a slotted pump barrel, a centering sleeve and a fixed valve, the fixed valve has a spring automatic reset function, the defect that the sealing effect in a horizontal well is not good is effectively overcome, the pump barrel is provided with a steam guide hole, and steam can be directly transmitted to the pump barrel and the gas injection pipe through the pump barrel slot so as to be conveyed to a tail pipe.

The plunger is provided with an upper oil outlet valve and a lower traveling valve with a spring automatic reset function, the plunger is lowered to the bottom in the gas injection process, a gas injection hole is left for gas injection, and when the plunger needs to be rotationally pumped, the plunger is lifted up, the reasonable stroke is adjusted, and mechanical extraction is carried out; the upper part of the plunger is provided with a spiral sand scraper, well liquid forms rotational flow, and the well liquid can be stirred to enable sand to be suspended and enter the bottom of the well along with the well liquid, so that the problem of sand blocking is avoided; the plunger is additionally provided with a self-aligning structure, so that the defects of overlarge whole-pump leakage, eccentric plunger wear and the like caused by non-concentric axes when the double pump cylinders are connected in parallel are overcome.

The installation steps of the gas injection thermal recovery oil well pump are as follows: sequentially lowering a steam distribution valve, a steam injection tail pipe, an injection and production dual-purpose pump, an oil pump deviation rectifier, an oil pipe and a high-temperature high-pressure thermal recovery well head; the lowering sequence of the pole column is as follows: the oil pumping unit comprises an oil pumping pump plunger, an oil pumping rod anti-drop device, an oil pumping rod centralizer, a thermal production wellhead Christmas tree, a high-temperature oil pumping rod blowout preventer and a high-temperature polished rod sealer.

The injection-production integrated pump has the technical characteristics that:

a, dual purposes of injection and extraction: the steam injection and extraction conversion is simple and reliable, steam can be injected only by putting the plunger assembly to the bottom and exposing the steam injection hole during steam injection, the plunger is lifted up after steam injection to shield the steam injection hole, the steam injection can be converted and extracted, the steam injection thermal recovery effect can be timely exerted, and the oil extraction cost is reduced.

b, sand prevention and blocking: by adopting the structure of short pump barrel and long plunger, the oil outlet valve cover on the plunger is always outside the pump barrel when oil is normally pumped, thus reducing the occurrence of plunger jamming caused by sand.

The steam injection hole has the oil drainage function: during operation, the plunger is put forward, oil drainage can be realized without any auxiliary tool, the safe and civilized production of an operation well site is ensured, and the operation cost is saved.

d, steam can be uniformly injected into the bottom of the oil well, so that an oil layer is uniformly heated, the gas injection effect is improved, and the gas injection period is shortened.

The lengthening pipe is provided with a centralizing sleeve which is provided with a steam flow through hole, so that the pump barrel and the lengthening pipe can be tightly attached to the gas injection outer pipe under the condition of no flow blocking.

The tail pipe is loaded with the weight on the gas injection outer pipe, so that the stress load of the pump cylinder is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and the lengthened pipe and the outer pipe are directly provided with a certain gap, so that the stress caused by the deformation of the material due to thermal expansion and cold contraction in the gas injection process is completely avoided.

The steam distribution valve is connected in series on the gas injection tail pipe, one steam distribution valve is connected every 200mm, when steam flows to the gas injection tail pipe through the injection-production integrated pump, the steam is distributed through the steam distribution valve, a spring is arranged in the distribution valve, and the automatic opening pressure of the valve is adjusted according to requirements before installation;

the steam can be directly injected to the bottom of the well through the device, and the steam can be uniformly injected to the bottom of the well due to the existence of the steam distribution valve, so that the gas injection effect is improved.

The following table is a parameter table of the oil well pump

The packer assembly includes: the releasing joint, the first oil outlet pipe, the first side seal mandrel, the second oil outlet pipe, the second side seal mandrel, the third oil outlet pipe, the third side seal mandrel, the packer main body, the one-way valve, the first spray head, the second spray head, the sealing ring, the fourth oil outlet pipe, the third side seal mandrel, the fifth oil outlet pipe, the fourth side seal mandrel, the third spray head, the vent pipe, the cable inlet guide piece and the side gas pipeline, when injecting steam, steam passes through the packer main body through the air inlet of the side gas pipeline, passes through the air inlet pipe of the side gas pipeline, enters the transition pipe, the fourth oil outlet pipe and the fifth oil outlet pipe, is sprayed into the underground through the first spray head, the second spray head and the third spray head, and when oil is pumped, under the drive of the oil well pump, the well fluid pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the oil outlet pipe, so that the well fluid enters the one-way valve and enters the releasing joint along the third oil outlet pipe, the second oil outlet pipe and the first oil outlet pipe.

Maintaining pressure on a side gas pipeline above a packer main body and ensuring that connection of each component is not leaked, installing a third spray head below a fourth side sealing mandrel at the lower part, arranging a plug in the third spray head so as to force gas of the side gas pipeline passing through a gas inlet to flow into the fourth side sealing mandrel at the bottommost part and separate the side gas pipeline from well fluid generated in a shaft, installing a cable inlet guide below the fourth side sealing mandrel, respectively arranging underground measuring instruments for monitoring the working condition of the packer on the cable inlet guide, the packer main body and a releasing joint, constructing a porous pipe above a secondary port of the packer so as to lift from an annular space in an upper area, thereby bypassing a main pipe column in the lower area of the packer, and realizing adjustable combination of each part of the packer component through the first, second, third and fourth side sealing mandrels, so as to realize the function of adjusting the length according to the well depth.

The packer assembly installation procedure was as follows:

section pressure P of packer during oil pumping_cComprises the following steps:

step 2, calculating the bending axial force F of the packer_wz，

F_wz＝-F_zb-Q_fH+Q_vH+F_bh，

R_wMaximum outside radius of packer, R_nThe minimum outer radius of the packer;

and step 4, judging the stress limit,

The above-described embodiment merely represents one embodiment of the present invention, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a beam-pumping unit system with multistage notes vapour packing spare, it includes beam-pumping unit main part, gas injection thermal recovery oil-well pump and packer subassembly, and the beam-pumping unit main part is connected with gas injection thermal recovery oil-well pump through its traction system, and gas injection thermal recovery oil-well pump passes through the release articulate with the packer subassembly, and the packer subassembly includes: the releasing joint, the first oil outlet pipe, the first side sealing mandrel, the second oil outlet pipe, the second side sealing mandrel, the third oil outlet pipe, the third side sealing mandrel, the packer main body, the one-way valve, the first spray head, the second spray head, the sealing ring, the fourth oil outlet pipe, the fourth side sealing mandrel, the fifth oil outlet pipe, the fifth side sealing mandrel, the third spray head, the vent pipe, the cable inlet guide piece and the side gas pipeline, when injecting steam, steam passes through the packer main body through the air inlet of the side gas pipeline, passes through the air inlet pipe of the side gas pipeline, enters the transition pipe, the fourth oil outlet pipe and the fifth oil outlet pipe, is sprayed into the underground through the first spray head, the second spray head and the third spray head, and when oil is pumped, under the drive of the oil well pump, the well fluid pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the oil outlet pipe, so that the well fluid enters the one-way valve and enters the releasing joint along the third oil outlet pipe, the second oil outlet pipe and the first oil outlet pipe;

maintaining pressure on a side gas pipeline above a packer main body and ensuring that connection of each component is not leaked, installing a third spray head below a fourth side sealing mandrel at the lower part, arranging a plug in the third spray head so as to force gas of the side gas pipeline passing through a gas inlet to flow into the fourth side sealing mandrel at the bottommost part and separate the side gas pipeline from well fluid generated in a shaft, installing a cable inlet guide below the fourth side sealing mandrel, respectively arranging underground measuring instruments for monitoring the working condition of the packer on the cable inlet guide, the packer main body and a releasing joint, constructing a porous pipe above a secondary port of the packer so as to lift from an annular space in an upper area, thereby bypassing a main pipe column in the lower area of the packer, and realizing adjustable combination of each part of the packer component through the first, second, third and fourth side sealing mandrels, so as to realize the length adjustment according to the well depth;

the packer assembly installation procedure was as follows:

step 5, setting a packer main body, a one-way valve, a first spray head, a second spray head, a sealing ring, a fourth oil outlet pipe, a fourth side sealing mandrel, a fifth oil outlet pipe, a fifth side sealing mandrel, a third spray head, a vent pipe, a cable inlet guide part and a side gas pipeline, after the packer main body is magnetically positioned and calibrated to be correct, filling the pipe column with clear water by using a cement truck so as to discharge a clearance, putting the first oil outlet pipe, the first side sealing mandrel, the second oil outlet pipe, the second side sealing mandrel, the third oil outlet pipe and the third side sealing mandrel into the packer main body, and positively pressurizing the pipe column from the first oil outlet pipe, if the pressure is balanced, reinforcing the pipe column;

the packer main part includes: top connection, carry link, upper tube, locking piece, lock cover, cone piston, spring, expansion packing element, low tube, floating piston, pin, pull ring, fender ring and lower clutch, this packer main part is through oil pipe pressurization and decompaction and now is set and the deblocking, specifically is: hydraulic pressure is added, hydraulic pressure acts on the cone piston through a liquid transfer hole of the lower pipe, the tension of the spring is overcome, the cone piston moves axially, the hydraulic pressure enters an inner cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder through the cone piston, the expansion rubber cylinder expands, packing is achieved, pressure of an oil pipe is quickly released, the cone piston is closed under the action of the spring tension and the hydraulic pressure of the inner cavity of the expansion rubber cylinder, the expansion rubber cylinder is always in an expansion state, and oil and a ring-shaped space are packed and isolated; when deblocking, lifting the upper joint and cutting off the pin, moving the lock sleeve upwards to enable the lock block to be in a free state, continuously lifting the oil pipe, driving the central pipe to move upwards to enable the upper pipe to be separated from the limit of the lock block, enabling the cone piston to be separated from the sealing surface, enabling the upper pressure release channel and the lower pressure release channel to be communicated with the expansion rubber cylinder, releasing pressure, and completing deblocking;

the one-way valve is composed of an upper joint, a pattern plate, a spring, a valve ball, an ejector rod, a pin, a bridge body, a plug and a lower joint, the one-way valve is correspondingly arranged at a production layer position, before the tubular column downhole packer is set, an inner and outer communicating channel is closed by an ejector rod piston, when the packer is set in a pressurizing mode, hydraulic pressure acts on the piston of the ejector rod to cut off the pin, the valve ball is pressed on a valve seat under the action of the spring, and the valve ball and the valve seat are sealed in a one-way mode;

the releasing joint consists of an upper joint, a sliding sleeve, a pin, a ball sleeve, a locking ball and a lower joint, after the packer is sealed, the oil pipe is put into the locking ball, liquid pressure is added, the pin is cut off, the sliding sleeve falls down, the locking ball falls into a groove of the sliding sleeve, the interlocking mechanism is released, releasing is realized, the above pipe column is lifted out, 2 sucker rods are put into the locking ball, and the control pin is broken by means of the impact force of the sucker rods, so that releasing is realized;

the underground measuring instrument for monitoring the working condition of the packer comprises a strain gauge, a pressure sensor, a signal amplification and modulation circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a data acquisition circuit and a processor, and is used for monitoring the working condition of the packer through data acquired by the underground measuring instrument and judging whether the working condition of the packer is in a safe state or not;

the concrete foundation, move the quick-witted guide rail, the rail clamp subassembly, the switch board, the support, adjustable balance weight, the upper platform, go up guardrail combination, power device, the stopper, traction system and elevator, traction system includes the traction wheel, wire rope, the running block and wire rope joint, wire rope divide into and carries the wire rope and balance wire rope, carry wire rope one end and fix to the traction wheel and walk around from the traction wheel, the other end passes through the elevator, the running block on the elevator is fixedly connected with the wire rope joint on the support, balance wire rope and carrying the wire rope are opposite, one end is fixed to the traction wheel and is walked around from the traction wheel, the other end passes through adjustable balance weight, the running block on the adjustable balance weight is fixedly connected with the wire rope joint on the support;

the motor is a rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor, the rotor loss of the motor is less than that of a common asynchronous motor, so that the efficiency of the motor is 5 percent higher than that of the common motor, the power factor can reach more than 0.9, the starting current is large, the motor adopts unidirectional rotation, and the power output steering is completed through a steering structure of a power device according to the stroke requirement;

the input shaft and the output shaft of the hydraulic coupler are in liquid connection, and the working components are not rigidly connected, so that impact and vibration can be eliminated; the output rotating speed is lower than the input rotating speed, and the rotating speed difference of the two shafts is increased along with the increase of the load; the overload protection performance and the starting performance are good, the input shaft can still rotate when the load is overlarge and the rotation is stopped, and the damage to the power machine is avoided; when the load is reduced, the rotating speed of the output shaft is increased to the rotating speed of the input shaft, so that the transmission torque tends to zero;

the steering adjusting mechanism consists of a bevel gear reducer, a keyed shifting sleeve, a proportional shifting fork, a slide rod, two connecting rods, a floating shifting rod and a stroke adjusting shaft, wherein a transmission shaft is an output shaft of a motor, a left reversing bevel gear and a right reversing bevel gear of the bevel gear reducer are sleeved on the transmission shaft of the bevel gear reducer, the keyed shifting sleeve is used for adjusting the power direction, the power transmission direction is changed by adjusting the keyed shifting sleeve, the keyed shifting sleeve is quickly shifted by the proportional shifting fork in a ratio of 2:1, a lower elongated slot of the proportional shifting fork is contacted with a guide block of the slide rod, the slide rod reciprocates in a guide seat to drive the shifting fork to move, one end of the slide rod is hinged with a pushing connecting rod, a positioning connecting rod and the floating shifting rod, the floating shifting rod is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and when a stop pin fixed on the traction wheel rotates and touches the floating shifting rod, the floating shifting rod rotates together with the traction wheel;

after a motor is powered on, a right reversing bevel gear of a bevel gear reducer is driven to rotate through a hydraulic coupler and drives a traction wheel to run together, meanwhile, a balance steel wire rope and an adjustable balance weight are driven to move downwards, when a stop pin of the traction wheel touches a floating shift lever, the floating shift lever pushes a connecting rod to enable a shifting fork to be combined with a left reversing bevel gear, the traction wheel is enabled to rotate reversely to drive a lifting steel wire rope and a lifter to move downwards, and when another stop pin of the traction wheel touches the floating shift lever, a new stroke cycle is started;

the lifting device consists of an automatic aligning device, a buffer device, a lifting beam seat plate and a sucker rod clamping device, wherein the buffer device and the automatic aligning device are arranged in the middle position of a position where the movable pulley block is installed and directly aim at a well mouth;

the rail clamping device component consists of an adjustable rail clamping device, an adjustable jack baffle, a shifting guide sleeve and a shifting guide rail, the adjustable rail clamping device and the shifting guide rail form a counter-force balance supporting mechanism, the adjustable jack baffle, the shifting guide sleeve and the shifting guide rail form a shifting mechanism, the adjustable rail clamping device consists of an adjusting screw rod, an adjusting nut, an outer sleeve, a guide plate, a chuck opening and closing guide pin, a chuck up-down position adjusting guide shaft and a chuck, the adjusting screw rod is rotated to move up and down through the adjusting nut fixed on the outer sleeve, the adjusting screw rod drives the chuck through the guide plate, the chuck utilizes the chuck up-down position adjusting guide shaft and a vertical long hole on the outer sleeve to move close to or away from a track in the vertical direction, the adjusting screw rod is rotated continuously to push or lift the guide plate, and the torque is generated by the relative position between the vertical long hole on the outer sleeve and a transverse long hole on the guide plate, clamping or loosening the chuck to or from the rail; the clamping head moves along the vertical direction, even if a machining deformation error exists between the track and the pumping unit base, the rail clamping device and the track can be in a proper contact position, and the rail clamping device can be ensured to accurately clamp the rail;

the control cabinet comprises a frequency converter, an energy consumption brake module, a man-machine interface module, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a temperature control module, wherein a monitoring part is communicated with the control cabinet through an Ethernet, the PLC performs fuzzy control on the output frequency of the frequency converter according to a set speed curve, the frequency converter controls forward and reverse acceleration, uniform speed and deceleration movement of a motor, the motor drives a traction wheel to drag a steel wire rope through a reducer so that an elevator and a counterweight perform up-and-down reciprocating movement to complete the working process of the whole oil pumping unit, a rotary encoder is externally connected to the reducer and used for feeding back a rotating pulse accumulated value output by the motor to a high-speed counter module in the PLC, and a fed-back pulse electric signal is converted into an actual output frequency value through a program conversion unit and compared with a preset frequency value, and closed-loop control is completed through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) module of the PLC;

the underground measuring instrument for monitoring the working condition of the packer comprises a strain gauge, a pressure sensor, a signal amplification and modulation circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a data acquisition circuit and a processor, and is used for monitoring the working condition of the packer through data acquired by the underground measuring instrument and judging whether the packer is in a safe state or not.