CN110344787A - A kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory - Google Patents
A kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory Download PDFInfo
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- CN110344787A CN110344787A CN201910640239.8A CN201910640239A CN110344787A CN 110344787 A CN110344787 A CN 110344787A CN 201910640239 A CN201910640239 A CN 201910640239A CN 110344787 A CN110344787 A CN 110344787A
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- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
- E21B19/084—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods with flexible drawing means, e.g. cables
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/06—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for setting packers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/126—Packers; Plugs with fluid-pressure-operated elastic cup or skirt
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/127—Packers; Plugs with inflatable sleeve
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pumping unit systems with multistage steam injection packer accessory, it includes pumping unit main body, injection thermal recovery oil well pump and packer assembly, pumping unit main body is connect by its trailer system with injection thermal recovery oil well pump, injection thermal recovery oil well pump is connect with packer assembly by back-off sub, packer assembly includes: back-off sub, first flowline, first side seal mandrel, second flowline, second side seal mandrel, third flowline, third side seal mandrel, packer body, check valve, first spray head, second spray head, sealing ring, 4th flowline, third side seal mandrel, 5th flowline, 4th side seal mandrel, third spray head, snorkel, cable inlet guide member and side gas piping.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pumping unit technical fields, and in particular to a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory.
Background technique
In recent years, as energy issue of world becomes increasingly conspicuous, the problem of oil pump energy-saving has become people's major concern,
Each producer, the research unit of the country constantly use of the new technology, by carrying out Optimal Structure Designing and improvement balance mode etc.,
It realizes the purpose of oil pump energy-saving, reduces energy consumption, reduce cost for oil production, the novel pumping unit of a batch is thrown in the past few years
Enter oilfield exploitation, and how to guarantee pumping efficiency height, the pumping unit service life is long, and dynamic loading is small, and it is also that pumping unit is current that discharge capacity, which is stablized,
Problems faced.
As the critical component of pumping unit system underground, packer divides oil reservoir, mutual between oil reservoir when preventing from exploiting
Interference, to achieve the purpose that separate zone production, packer is the critical component of sealing, but current packer can not be with steam injection system
System combines, and lacks the adaptability adjusting to well depth, lacks the fit structure with steam injection system, and since packing element deforms
Belong to a wide range of, non-linear deformation, is not available theoretical model and accurately calculates the extruding force of packing element everywhere to casing wall.And
Lack the effective laboratory facilities detected to casing wall stress distribution at present, can only go on the Petroleum Production well head in industry spot
Stress mornitoring test is done, but industrial production efficiency certainly will be influenced in this way, while also in default of to sleeve outer wall ess-strain
Testing experiment method and experimental data, to reduce the efficiency of research and development of novel packer tool, and work of recovering the oil after improving
Tool lacks effective stress mornitoring means.In high temperature and pressure high yield deep-well test process, the ginseng such as oil and gas production, pressure, temperature
Number variation ranges are very big, and hole condition is complicated, if one packer system of test string with temperature, pressure change and stress is excessive, can
Test string can be caused disconnected de- and packer loses envelope, or even cause can not to rise out and other even more serious accidents.
In addition, during thickened oil recovery, due to high viscosity, poor fluidity, or even cannot be flowed under oil reservoir, it is not easy out
It adopts, technique primarily now has steam viscosity reduction, electric heating, mixes chemical agent etc., heavy oil wells most of of the well depth in 1000m or more
The oil extraction technique taken out using steam injection, bored well, self-spray, machine, the fundamental way of oil recovery by heating are exactly to increase heating crude oil
The temperature of oil reservoir reaches the recovery ratio for increasing crude oil to reduce the viscosity and filtrational resistance of crude oil, the injection-extraction pump used now
There are two types of forms, and one is gas injection is carried out by the oil discharge passage of plunger, steam injection channel is identical with oil pumping passage.This structure pump
Valve ball be to be suspended in valve ball seat top with shear pin and shear rod to form steam injection channel, structure is complicated.Another kind is to pass through
Gas injection is carried out on the outside of pump barrel, this structure steam cannot infuse the effect that gas injection is substantially reduced to shaft bottom.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that providing a kind of oil pumping with multistage steam injection packer accessory to solve the above-mentioned problems
Machine system, elaboration as detailed below.The invention running efficiency of system is high, energy-saving effect is good, the service life is long, is easily installed, packer
Component in conjunction with steam injection part, realize multistage length is adjustable and monitoring to packer stress, danger to generation and
Alarm, easy to operate, easy to maintenance, increase gas injection effect, and there is Intelligent Fuzzy Control, it realizes to pumping unit frequency conversion
Real-time line closed loop control.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical schemes: a kind of oil pumping with multistage steam injection packer accessory
Machine system comprising pumping unit main body, injection thermal recovery oil well pump and packer assembly, pumping unit main body pass through its trailer system
It being connect with injection thermal recovery oil well pump, injection thermal recovery oil well pump is connect with packer assembly by back-off sub,
Packer assembly include: back-off sub, the first flowline, the first side seal mandrel, the second flowline, the second side seal mandrel,
It is third flowline, third side seal mandrel, packer body, check valve, first spray head, second spray head, sealing ring, the 4th fuel-displaced
Pipe, third side seal mandrel, the 5th flowline, the 4th side seal mandrel, third spray head, snorkel, cable inlet guide member and side
Side gas piping, when steam injection, steam passes through packer body by the air inlet of side gas piping, by side gas piping
Air inlet pipe, into coupling tube, the 4th flowline and the 5th flowline, and by first spray head, second spray head, third spray head spray
Entering underground, when oil pumping, under the drive of oil well pump, well liquid pressure is greater than flowline internal pressure, hence into check valve, and edge
Third flowline, the second flowline, the first flowline enter back-off sub.
Side gas piping keeps pressure above packer body, and ensures that the connection of various components does not leak, third
Spray head is mounted on the lower section of the 4th side seal mandrel of lower part, in third spray head setting plug with force side gas piping by into
The gas of port can be flowed into the 4th side seal mandrel of bottommost, and the well liquid point that will be generated in side gas piping and pit shaft
From cable inlet guide member is mounted on the lower section of the 4th side seal mandrel, in cable inlet guide member, packer body and gives up
It is respectively arranged to the underground measuring instrument of packer monitoring of working condition on connector, is constructed above the secondary ports of packer porous
Pipe, the annular space enabled to from upper area is promoted, to bypass riser leg of the packer into lower area, is led to
Crossing the first, second, third and fourth side seal mandrel realizes the adjustable joint of packer assembly various pieces, is grown with realizing to be adjusted according to well depth
Degree.
The installation steps of packer assembly are as follows:
Step l, former well is taken out according to well head flooded conditions well killing fluid reacting cycle kill-job with 70~80 DEG C of thorough anti-flushing wells of hot water
Packer assembly；
Step 2, tripping in scraping drifting tubing string visit sand face to well section scraping repeatedly, and it is logical to take out scraping to artificial bottom of a well for sand washing
Well casing column；
Step 3, tripping in test fistulae column to predetermined depth and test leakage, observe flooded conditions, then above mention and test fistulae column to perforated interval
More than;
Otherwise step 4, checking sealing of packer component sealing situation replace packer assembly if qualification enters step 4；
Step 5, tripping in packer body, check valve, first spray head, second spray head, sealing ring, the 4th flowline, third side seal
Mandrel, the 5th flowline, the 4th side seal mandrel, third spray head, snorkel, cable inlet guide member and side gas piping,
Packer body is after magnetic location school is deeply errorless, after tubing string is filled clear water with cementing truck, to empty sky, is put into first and goes out
Oil pipe, the first side seal mandrel, the second flowline, the second side seal mandrel, third flowline, third side seal mandrel, and go out from first
It just suppresses in oil pipe, such as pressure balance, is then reinforced；
Step 6 above mentions the first flowline, is inserted into back-off sub, completes packer assembly installation；
Packer assembly allows the maximum possible depth continuous gas lift below packer to be injected by using single tubing string
The perpendicular flow and raising efficiency for improving well fluid in wellbore help to utilize standard tool and equipment present in industry
Keep good well integrality and good maintainability.
Wherein, packer body includes: top connection, mentions link, upper tube, closing piece, lock tube, taper piston, spring, expansion glue
Cylinder, down tube, floating piston, pin, pull ring, baffle ring and lower contact, which is pressurizeed by oil pipe conciliates pressure realization
It sets and unseals, specifically: liquid feeding pressure, hydraulic coupling act on taper piston through the biography fluid apertures of down tube, overcome tension force of spring,
It is axially moveable taper piston, the hydraulic inner cavity for entering expansion packing element through taper piston makes expansion packing element swell, realizes envelope
Every quickly bleeding off tubing pressure, taper piston is closed under the action of spring tension and hydraulic packing element inner cavity, and packing element is just located always
In distending state, packing oil, collar-shaped space；It when deblocking, above puts on connector and cuts pin, lock tube moves up, and makes closing piece at certainly
By state, continuing above to mention oil pipe, central tube is driven to move up, upper tube is allowed to disengage closing piece limitation, taper piston leaves sealing surface,
It is connected to upper and lower pressure release passage with packing element, pressure is released, and deblocking is completed.
For the casing and set change situation suitable for different-diameter, which, which designs, 2 kinds of diameters, and outer diameter is 95 respectively
Mm and 105 mm is respectively suitable for 139.7 mm cased wells, 177.8 mm cased wells carry out zonal water plugging.
The packer is during going into the well, inner cavity not feed liquor, realizes the quick packing and quickly and easily of packer
Deblocking.
Wherein, check valve is made of top connection, card, spring, valve ball, mandril, pin, pontic, silk plug, lower contact, single
In production layer position under corresponding to valve, tubing string is gone into the well before packer setting, and ram piston closes inside and outside communicating passage, and pressurization sets envelope
When device, hydraulic action cuts pin on the piston of mandril, and valve ball under the action of the spring, is pressed on valve seat, valve ball, valve seat
One-way sealing.
The check valve ensure that outside liquid can enter inside oil pipe when oil well pump aspirates, flushing fluid when preventing well-flushing
Wellbore fluid enters the midway of packer caused by tubing string and sets when polluted reservoir prevents tubing string from going into the well.When liquid feeding is pressed, pressure can be with
Pass to lower part.When well-flushing, check valve prevents flushing fluid polluted reservoir.
Back-off sub is made of top connection, sliding sleeve, pin, ball cover, lock ball, lower contact, after packer completion is set, oil pipe
Lock ball is put into, liquid feeding pressure cuts pin, and sliding sleeve is fallen, and lock ball is fallen into the groove of sliding sleeve, releases mutual interlocking gear, and realization is given up,
It rises and the above tubing string of giving up, after putting into lock ball, then put into 2 sucker rods, by the impact force of sucker rod, sever control pin,
Realization is given up.
Wherein, the underground measuring instrument of packer monitoring of working condition includes foil gauge, pressure sensor, signal amplification modulation electricity
Road, analog to digital conversion circuit, data acquisition circuit and processor, the data obtained by underground measuring instrument are to packer operating condition
It is monitored, judges whether it is in a safe condition, and deterministic process is as follows:
Step 1, packer sectional pressure is calculated by the data of acquisition,
When oil pumping, packer sectional pressure PcAre as follows:
When steam injects, packer sectional pressure PzAre as follows:
Wherein PsFor well head pressure, PbFor bottom pressure, L is packer length, and H is well depth locating for packer；
Step 2, it calculates packer and is bent axle power Fwz,
Fwz=-Fzb-QfH+QvH+Fbh,
FzbFor the equivalent axle power of section flexure, QfFor viscous friction coefficient, QvCoulomb friction coefficient, FbhSection piston force；
Step 3, Stress calculation calculates separately oil pumping section compression stress ots, gas injection section compression stress otz, axial tension stress σwz:
RwFor packer maximum external radius, RnFor packer minimum outer radius；
Step 4, the limiting range of stress judges,
σsFor the yield limit stress of packer material, nsFor safety coefficient, MAX () is max-value function；
If calculated result meets above formula, otherwise packer stress material safety gives a warning, reminds packer to enter and answer
Power limiting condition.
Beneficial effect is:
1, high-efficient, energy-saving effect is good
Mechanical efficiency is high, and ground-type multi-cable pumping unit transmission system is simple, and transmission chain is short, and motor positive and inverse is converted by wirerope
At the upper and lower linear motion of polished rod.The counterweight of pumping unit is vertical counter-weight mode, and the rise and fall of counterweight are only kinetic energy and gesture
Can conversion, noenergy loss, therefore the mechanical efficiency of the machine is high, is motor with the product of deceleration engine efficiency up to 80% or more；
Electric efficiency is high, and motor uses the frequency control motor by Frequency Converter Control, since frequency converter has overload and zero passage to open
Dynamic function, can reduce installed capacity, solve the problems, such as traditional beam machine low load with strong power.Frequency converter has accumulation of energy function again
Can, the power factor of power supply system is greatly increased, up to 90% or more, reduces power supply capacity, surface efficiency obviously increases
Add.In addition speed when motor forward and backward be respectively can step-less adjustment, reduction polished rod downstream rate appropriate, it is possible to increase pump
Full coefficient is rushed, the Downhole efficiency of oil recovery is improved；
Long stroke, the low efficiency rushed number and pump is greatly improved: in the identical situation of average polished rod speed, production liquid is improved
Amount.By taking 12 type rod-pumped wells, 1600 meters of depth of extension pump, well bar deformation length are 1 meter as an example, 12 traditional type beam pumping units
Maximum stroke be 4.2 meters, and the maximum stroke of 12 type ground-type multi-cable pumping units be 7.6 meters, if the jig frequency of beam machine be 5
Beat/min, then actually active promotion liquid column length is 16 meters per minute, and promoting liquid column length daily is 23040 meters；In polished rod speed
It spends in identical situation, the actually active promotion liquid column length per minute of ground-type multi-cable pumping unit is 18.48 meters；It is practical daily
Effectively promote 26611 meters.That is in the identical situation of polished rod speed, the more traditional walking beam of daily ground-type multi-cable pumping unit
Machine mostly 3571 meters of long fluid columns of oil recovery, the efficiency of pump improve 15.5%；
By automatically controlling, the liquid supply rate of the output liquid measure and underground that make pumping unit is adapted, and is reached and is improved " for adopting balance "
Oil recovery efficiency avoids the problem that high speed Liquid output is low or dallies, has saved energy consumption.
2, parameter is easy to adjust simple and direct
The parameter adjustment of ground-type multi-cable pumping unit has the variation of essence with beam pumping unit, and beam type will change motor,
Belt pulley on speed reducer rushes number according to speed ratio difference to change, and changes stroke by changing the position of link pin, adjusts every time
It is whole to need time-consuming 2 hours or so, and ground-type multi-cable pumping unit be by adjusting button in control cabinet and potentiometer come adjust stroke,
Number is rushed, can be completed in a few minutes, it is time saving and labor saving.
3, in the service life for extending well bar, pump, the operations number of underground is reduced
The factors such as eccentric wear of the service life of well bar depending on the quality of well bar, load, drawing numbers, alternating load and rod tube.Still with
The comparison of 12 type pumping units, in the case where 21 meters of polished rod speed (uplink effective speed) are per minute, the number that rushes of beam machine is 5 times,
And ground-type multi-cable pumping unit rushes number as 2.8 times, such as is calculated with this, is prolonged using break time of bar of ground-type multi-cable pumping unit
Length is by about one time；Acceleration all very littles when due to starting and braking, are all uniform motion, base in the upper and lower stroke most of the time
Dynamic loading greatly increases the service life of well bar close to zero again in this way in sheet.
4, adaptable, ground-type multi-cable pumping unit can work the occasion different in environment, well mine
Ground-type multi-cable pumping unit can be worked with all-weather, and -40 DEG C -+60 DEG C of environment temperature whens can work normally, in console mode
Heating and exhaust system are equipped in the control cabinet of multi-cable pumping unit, environment temperature is also equipped with technical grade refrigeration system when being more than 60 DEG C
System, so the working temperature environment of ground-type multi-cable pumping unit is wide, the degree of protection of control cabinet ability is IP45, can heavy rain,
It avenges, work in the weather of dust storm, so being suitable for all-weather work；
In addition, the air resistance coefficient of ground-type multi-cable pumping unit is small, can be run in typhoon power by calculating unaffected.Landing
The mountable top in rack of the transmission system and control system of formula multi-cable pumping unit.Even if can also work normally in water；
In addition to normal well, ground-type multi-cable pumping unit can work on containing husky well, and silt content is big, can cause husky card, at this point,
Ground-type multi-cable pumping unit can positive and negative starting in the range of well bar deforms, carry out sand washing, and in valve blocking, it is automatic to rush
Pump；Ground-type multi-cable pumping unit can be worked on the well of special thick oil by the change of very little, as long as condition is that polished rod exists
Can freely it decline on well by self weight, because the speed of service of motor and the speed of polished rod decline can be made by frequency control
It is consistent, and while rising, can be risen with maximum speed, not only solve the liquid of adopting of viscous crude, and the Liquid output of oil liquid has been turned up.
5, it can measure the parameter of oil well, implement intelligent oil extraction and monitoring
The closed-loop control to motor is realized using PID control, ensure that the stable operation of motor, makes system that there is good follow
Property.
6, the auxiliary material that disappears is few, and maintenance is simple
Ground-type multi-cable pumping unit uses 100 liters, lithium base grease 4kg of industrial extreme pressure machine oil every year, vulnerable part wirerope and rubs
Pad is wiped to be replaced using 3 years or more depending on the degree of wear.It is 360 liters or so that beam pumping unit uses lubricating oil every year, is passed
Dynamic belt, the consumption of link pin is also very big, and maintenance cost is considerably more than ground-type multi-cable pumping unit；
The mechanical transmission component of ground-type multi-cable pumping unit is few, substantially non-maintaining, and control system uses modularization, fool
The mode of operation of formula, so safeguarding and all simply easily being led to using upper.
7, sealing mandrel by more piece realizes the adjustable joint of packer assembly various pieces, realizes to be adjusted according to well depth and grow
Degree；
8, packer assembly allows the maximum possible depth continuous gas lift below packer to inject by using single tubing string
The perpendicular flow and raising efficiency for improving well fluid into wellbore facilitate using standard tool present in industry and set
It is standby to keep good well integrality and good maintainability；
9, packer operating condition is monitored by the data that underground measuring instrument obtains, effectively the operating condition of packer is sentenced
It is disconnected, it ensure that the safety of packing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is pumping unit main body structure chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is packer assembly structure chart of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the packer body structure chart of packer assembly of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the one-way valve structures figure of packer assembly of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the back-off sub structure chart of packer assembly of the invention；
In figure, 1: back-off sub;2: the first flowlines；3: the first side seal mandrels；4: the second flowlines；5: the second side seal mandrels;
6: third flowline;7: third side seal mandrel;8: packer body;9: check valve;10: first spray head;11: second spray head;12:
Coupling tube;13: the four flowlines;14: third side seal mandrel;15: the five flowlines;16: the four side seal mandrels;17: third spray
Head;18: snorkel;19: cable inlet guide member；A: air inlet;B: pressure regulation unit C: air inlet pipe；81: top connection；83: mentioning
Link；83-upper tubes；84: closing piece；85: lock tube；86: taper piston；87: spring；88: expansion packing element；89: down tube；810: floating
Piston；811: pin；812: pull ring；813: baffle ring；814: lower contact；91: top connection；92: card；93: spring；94: valve
Ball；95: mandril；96: pin；97: pontic；98: silk plug；99: lower contact；11: top connection；12: sliding sleeve；13: pin；14: ball
Set；15: lock ball；16: lower contact.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, technical solution of the present invention will be carried out below
Detailed description.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all without making creative work
Other embodiment belongs to the range that the present invention is protected.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 5, a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory comprising pumping unit main body,
Injection thermal recovery oil well pump and packer assembly, pumping unit main body are connect by its trailer system with injection thermal recovery oil well pump, are infused
Gas thermal recovery oil well pump is connect with packer assembly by back-off sub,
Pumping unit main body include: concrete foundation, telephone-moving guide rail, rail clip assembly, control cabinet, bracket, balance-adjustable counterweight, on
Platform, the combination of upper guardrail, power device, brake, trailer system and elevator,
Trailer system includes traction wheel, wirerope, running block and steel cable termina, and wirerope, which is divided into mentioning, draws wirerope peace
Weigh wirerope, mentions and draws wirerope one end and be fixed on traction wheel and bypass from traction wheel, and the other end passes through on elevator, elevator
Movable pulley be fixedly connected with the steel cable termina on bracket, balance rope draws that wirerope is reversed, and one end is fixed on leads with mentioning
Running wheel is simultaneously bypassed from traction wheel, and the other end passes through on the movable pulley and bracket in balance-adjustable counterweight, balance-adjustable counterweight
Steel cable termina is fixedly connected；
More wirerope are separately connected the running block being mounted on elevator and balance-adjustable counterweight around traction wheel both ends, and
It is each secured to the steel cable termina of trailer system；
Bracket is composite roof truss structure, meets long stroke in height, sectional dimension meet site requirement, structural strength and
The reciprocating motion condition of balance weight,
Power device includes motor, fluid coupling, turns to adjustment mechanism and brake；
Motor is rare earth permanent-magnet synchronization motor, and rotor loss is smaller than common asynchronous moter, therefore the efficiency of motor itself is than general
Three-way motor is high by about 5%.Power factor can reach 0.9 or more, and starting current is big, which is passed through dynamic using one-directional rotation
The steering structure of power device completes the steering of power output according to stroke requirement；
Fluid coupling is a kind of nonrigid coupling device using liquid as working media, by the blade phase of liquid and pump impeller, turbine
Interaction generates the variation of the moment of momentum to transmit torque, and the pump impeller and turbine of fluid-flywheel clutch, which form one, can make liquid circulation flow
Dynamic closed working chamber, pump impeller is on input shaft, and turbine is on output shaft, when motor band driven input shaft rotates, liquid quilt
Centrifugal pump impeller is thrown away, and high-speed liquid, which enters after turbine, pushes turbine rotation, by the energy transmission obtained from pump impeller to output shaft,
Liquid returns to pump impeller, forms flowing in cycles, the transmission efficiency of fluid coupling is equal to output shaft revolving speed and input shaft turns
Speed, rotating ratio is 0.95 or more；The oil emptying of fluid coupling, fluid coupling are at disengaged condition, can play clutch
The effect of device；
Fluid coupling input shaft lean and output between centers lean on liquid communication, and rigid attachment is not present between working component, can eliminate impact
And vibration；It exports revolving speed and is lower than input speed, the rotational speed difference of two axis increases with the increase of load；Overload protection performance and starting
Performance is good, and load is excessive and input shaft is still rotatable when stalling, and will not cause the damage of engine；When load decreases, it exports
Axis revolving speed is increased up the revolving speed close to input shaft, and transmitting torque is made to go to zero；
Adjustment mechanism is turned to by bevel gear reducer, keyed pulling sleeve, ratio shift fork, slide bar, two connecting rods, floating driving lever, stroke
Axis composition is adjusted, transmission shaft is the output shaft of motor, and the left and right commutation umbrella tooth wheel case of bevel gear reducer is in bevel gear reducer
Transmission shaft on, keyed pulling sleeve is used for motivation of adjustment direction, the change of power direction of transfer is realized by alloting keyed pulling sleeve, than
Example shift fork allots keyed pulling sleeve quickly with the ratio of 2:1, and the lower part elongated slot of ratio shift fork is contacted with the guide block of slide bar, slide bar
It is moved back and forth in guide bracket, drives shift fork movement, one end of slide bar and push connecting rod, positioning linkage rod and floating driving lever are hinged on one
It rises, floating driving lever is sleeved on transmission shaft, when the backing pin being fixed on traction wheel rotates and encounters floating driving lever, with traction wheel
It rotates together.
After motor powers on, the right commutation bevel-gear rotating of bevel gear reducer is driven by fluid coupling and drives traction
Wheel operates together, while balance rope, balance-adjustable counterweight being driven to move downward, when the backing pin of traction wheel encounters floating driving lever
When, floating driving lever then pushes connecting rod, makes shift fork in conjunction with left commutation bevel gear, reversely rotates traction wheel, and drive, which mentions, draws steel wire
Rope and elevator move downward, and when another backing pin of traction wheel encounters floating driving lever, then start new stroke cycle.
So circulation, pumping unit just drive the continuous pumping crude oil of sucker rod, oil well pump.Motor is unidirectionally transported always in operation
Turn, it is possible to reduce caused power consumption when commutation.Caused impact, is absorbed by fluid coupling when commutation.When needing to adjust
When stroke, as long as the pin shaft of traction wheel outer ring is changed the i.e. changeable stroke in position, electric-control system is simplified, is improved reliable
Property.
Elevator by automatic aligning device, buffer unit, mention and draw beam seat plate and clamp apparatus for oil pumping rod forms, buffering dress
The middle position that the position of installation running block is located at automatic aligning device is set, directly alignment well head, buffer unit is placed in
On automatic aligning device, automatic aligning device includes aligning ball seat, high-strength bolt, mentions and draw beam seat plate, aligning bulb, aligning bulb
The mentioning of gland, aligning ball seat high-strength bolt and automatic aligning device draws beam seat plate and is fixed together, and aligning bulb is by spherical ball
Head gland is fixed on aligning ball seat, and buffer unit is made of rubber bullet Huang and rubber spring guide sleeve, and rubber spring has been placed in
In the rubber spring guide sleeve of protection and setting effect.
The elevator structure is simple, securely and reliably, and brings great convenience to the detection of pumping unit.
Balance-adjustable counterweight is according to the magnitude of load flexible modulations of different well locations or identical well location different times, to guarantee to take out
The degree of balance of oil machine makes pumping unit electric current held stationary in operation.The wirerope of balance-adjustable counterweight between its rope strand because existing
The rotation of certain angle occurs for interior torsion wiring axis, and balance weight can also rotate therewith, and swing when causing commutation.
In order to guarantee to trigger the space length and traveling comfort of travel switch, the installation motion guide dress when balance weight moves up and down
It sets, makes it that can only make elevating movement along guide rail.
To guarantee that guiding mechanism is kept in contact with guide rail but is stuck, therefore increase spring in guiding device to guarantee
Directive wheel is pressed on guide rail.
Balance weight guidance system is kept in contact with guide rail but is not stuck for guarantee guiding mechanism, therefore in guiding device
Middle increase spring guarantees that directive wheel is pressed on guide rail.
Brake referred in motor operation using normally closed type and two kinds of modes of braking open in usual, normally closed type, brake according to
Make motor normal power-up by electro-hydraulic brake device, open band-type brake by electric power, when power failure, by spring by band-type brake locking；It is normally opened
Formula refers to brake in the process of running, and brake struts band-type brake by the elastic force of spring, operates motor without constraint, braking
Device does not consume energy always, and only when pumping unit stops, motor is just powered under the promotion of brake, pushes thick stick open by centrifugal force
Bar drives band-type brake by motor braking；
Rail clip assembly is made of adjustable rail clamping device, the very heavy top baffle of position-adjustable, displacement guide sleeve, displacement guide rail, adjustable folder
Rail device and displacement guide rail composition counter-force balance supporting mechanism, and the very heavy top baffle of position-adjustable, displacement guide sleeve and displacement guide rail composition move
Position mechanism, adjustable rail clamping device is by the next on adjusting screw rod, adjusting nut, housing, guide plate, collet opening and closing guide pin, collet
It sets and adjusts guiding axis, collet composition, rotate adjusting screw rod, make it through fixed adjusting nut on the coat and move up and down, adjust
It saves screw rod and drives collet to adjust vertical long holes on guiding axis and outer set using collet upper and lower position by guide plate, in Vertical Square
To moving close to or leaving track, adjusting screw rod is continued to rotate, pushes or lift guide plate, by vertical long holes on outer set and is led
The torque that relative position generates between lateral long hole on plate, makes collet clamp or release track；Collet vertically moves
It is dynamic, even if having machining deformation error between track and oil pumping base, rail clamping device and track can also be made to be in appropriate contact position, energy
Ensure that rail clamping device accurately presss from both sides rail.
Previous linear oil pumping machine is carried out when well workover is shifted using the methods of lead screw or crowbar, is needed after moving on to designated position
It is positioned with foundation bolt, prevents from making derrick tumble because of equal accidental causes of blowing, time-consuming effort, displacement is difficult, adjustable rail clamping device
Derrick positions or usually provides the support of counter-force balance for derrick when for shifting.
Control cabinet includes frequency converter, dynamic braking module, human-machine interface module, PLC controller, temperature control modules, prison
Control part is communicated with control cabinet by Ethernet, PLC controller according to the rate curve of setting to the output frequency of frequency converter into
Row fuzzy control, Frequency Converter Control motor it is forward and reverse accelerate, at the uniform velocity, retarded motion, motor by retarder drive traction wheel
Dragging wirerope makes elevator pump with counterweight, completes the entire pumping unit course of work, outer on retarder
Rotary encoder is connect, the rotational pulse accumulated value for motor to be exported feeds back to the high-speed counter module in PLC controller,
By program reduced unit, the pulse electrical signal of feedback is converted into actual output frequency value, does ratio with presetting frequency values
Compared with completing closed-loop control by the PID module of PLC controller.
The process of fuzzy control is as follows:
Step 1, pulse value is taken difference as deviation by rotary encoder by speed measuring module and setting value, passes through high-speed counter
Module realizes analog/digital conversion, show that exemplary frequency deviation values e and frequency departure change ec, inputs to fuzzy controller；
Step 2, exemplary frequency deviation values e and frequency departure variation ec are converted to fuzzy quantity, complete fuzzification process；
Step 3, empirically established language rule carries out fuzzy reasoning to fuzzy quantity；
Step 4, anti fuzzy method is handled, and control amount U is converted to control instruction u, also referred to as sharpening, control instruction u passes through
Output frequency is converted into current signal control frequency converter output, realizes the accurate control of motor by the conversion of PLC program.
Step 3 specifically:
Step 3.1 determines Fuzzy Linguistic Variable, by exemplary frequency deviation values e and frequency departure variation ec it is fuzzy turn to fuzzy language E,
EC, using PID correction amount △ Kp, △ Ki as output Fuzzy Linguistic Variable；
Step 3.2 determines that fuzzy domain, the fuzzy domain of E, EC are [0,5], [0,9], △ KP, △ KI according to language rule
Fuzzy domain be [0,3], [0,0.24]；
Step 3.3 determines physics domain according to language rule, determines that quantizing factor Ke, Kec of E, EC are the ratio of 1, △ Kp
The scale factor K Ki that example factor K Kp is 0.05, △ Ki is 2；E, the physics domain of EC is [0,5], [0,9]；△ KP, △
The physics domain of KI is [0,0.15], [0,0.48]；
Step 3.4, setting fuzzy set, the fuzzy set of deviation E be ZO, S, SS, SSS, M, MM, MMM, L, LL, LLL,
LLLL }, the fuzzy set of change of error EC is { ZO, S, M, L }, and the fuzzy set of control amount △ KP is { ZO, S, M, L }, control
The fuzzy set of amount △ KI processed is { ZO, S, M, L }；
Step 3.5, setting membership function figure complete fuzzy reasoning, output control according to domain and fuzzy set has been set above
Measure U.
The fuzzy rule that the PID control is compiled according to PID Self-tuning System principle, when | e | when larger, Kp first plays main work
With, and Ki can make system have good followability close to 0；With | e | and | ec | it gradually becomes smaller, Kp acts on also phase
It should become smaller, and Ki plays a major role, value becomes larger, and system can be made to have lesser overshoot.After the system stabilizes Kp,
Ki gradually tends towards stability.
Wherein, injection thermal recovery oil well pump includes high temperature and pressure thermal production well mouth, thermal production well mouth production tree, polished rod, high temperature polished rod
Sealer, high temperature blowout preventer for sucker rod, metal sealing casing head, sucker rod, oil pumping rod centering device, oil well pump Deviation rectifier, oil pumping
Bar anti-dropping device, note adopt dual-purpose pump, gas injection tail pipe and steam distributor valve,
The design of injection thermal recovery oil pumping is completed on the basis of the process flow of gas-injection oil-production combines live practical operation,
Purpose is to be more convenient, intuitively embody to the components on thick oil gas filling rod string, and can be uniform by steam
Be assigned to any position in shaft bottom, improve gas injection effect, reduce gas injection cycle, while can effectively avoid sucker rod and oil pipe
Eccentric wear improves the service life and pump efficiency of oil well pump, reduces operations number, substantially reduces cost for oil production.
Wherein, polished rod sealer include flank protective case, polished rod ram preventer, second level packing_seal, polished rod seal box,
Lubricator, open flow gate, four-way flank protective case and pressure release plug, polished rod sealer can be to 25,28,32 or 38mm diameters
Polished rod is sealed, rated pressure 35MPa, and maximum operation (service) temperature is 375 DEG C；Seal test pressure is 35MPa；Intensity examination
Test pressure 50MPa；Connection type uses clip, flange and/or tubing round thread；
Second level packing_seal is furnished with polish rod anti-blowout box, may be implemented to seal polished rod by three-level sealing, polished rod flashboard blowout prevention box
It can be screwed by two sides bolt to hold polished rod tightly；
The design of the polished rod sealer mainly accounts for achieving the effect that sealing from safe and environment-friendly and operability；
Before gas injection, flank protective case is unscrewed, closes polish rod anti-blowout box, installation lubricator carries out gas injection, bored well and open flow, blowout prevention
It is connected between pipe, flank protective case and four-way by tubing round thread, forms confined space, second level packing_seal is wrapped up the inside
Even if (because vapor (steam) temperature is excessively high to lead to that packing fails or packing does not compress and packing is caused to leak, can all pass through this
A possibility that closed space to completely cut off with ambient atmosphere, greatly reduces steam leakage), when starting to turn to take out, open blowout prevention
Open flow gate and flank protective case carry out open flow and illustrate that sealing effect is reliable if no pressure is shown on pipe, can directly turn
It takes out, if there is pressure, checks the intact degree of packing_seal, compress second level packing_seal and carry out turning to take out.
In gas injection, temperature is at 340 DEG C or so, and in case of leaking, staff cannot set close to well site, this product
Meter fully considers that any problem that may occur in gas injection process increases safety measures on the basis of original.
The second level packing_seal of polished rod sealer can with horizontal direction along the sealing hole of planar movement second level packing_seal,
Automatic rectifying eccentricity is away from sealing polished rod by it to reach extensions with pressure and take out and replace second level packing simultaneous with BOP sealing device
The requirement of sealing, material are mainly high temperature fluorubber and/or modified polytetrafluoro.
Note takes out that conversion is simple and reliable, and assembly for plunger need to only be transferred to bottom by when steam injection, expose steam injection hole can steam injection, note
Above mentioning plunger after vapour and covering steam injection hole can turn to take out, and can play the thermal recovery effect of steam injection in time, reduce cost for oil production.
Wherein, when adjusting dead space, led between the polished rod of seperated polished rod and polished rod short circuit using being threaded togather
It crosses pumping unit and above mentions polished rod short circuit, after polished rod is shorted proposition well head completely, lower part polished rod installs optical-rod clamp, and it is short to unload polished rod
It connects, this is highly pumping unit downstream end point, directly hangs and takes out；
Avoid as above mention polished rod and caused by polished rod it is too long, if using big stroke, crawler type pumping unit, it is necessary to polished rod
Live truncation is carried out, and anti-Leave out thread cannot be processed on polished rod, improve labor intensity, and there are security risks；If
Using split type polished rod, after above mentioning, it can be shorted by disassembly top polished rod to realize that polished rod shortens, be not necessarily to on-site cutting, together
When increase the anti-drop function for being realized by emitting polished rod by screw thread；Simplify adjustment dead space program.The polished rod of such structure, does not have to
Calculate measurement polished rod above need to mention how many, anyone can complete this operation, reduce labor intensity.
Polished rod surface carries out plating tungsten alloy processing；
Improve corrosion resistance: in oil-field thick-oil recovery process, the preceding underground of steam injection needs to add chemical agent, and dilution is former
Oil, because at high temperature under high pressure, to bare rod corrosion than more serious, for above situation, we pass through a large amount of field tests, to light
Bar surface carries out plating tungsten alloy processing, increases its resistance to corrosion, while increasing polished rod surface hardness, reduces friction system
Number, is also correspondingly improved the service life of polished rod sealer packing.
Wherein, oil pumping rod centering device is connect by sucker rod screw thread with sucker rod, and it is three that oil pumping rod centering device, which is put into housing,
Angle arcuate structure can be freely rotated while moving up and down in oil pipe, and oil pumping rod centering device is put into outer put on and inlays
Four guide pins, are supported on tube inner wall by high-performance spring, and sucker rod is moved up and down along inner sleeve, to prevent from taking out
Beam hanger deviates center；
The above structure effectively prevent sucker rod deviate center and caused by friction phenomenon, avoid because its abrasion due to caused by
Sucker rod falls off, and improves the service life of sucker rod and oil pipe.
Wherein, drop-off preventer for sucker rod is mounted between sucker rod, the wear sleeve that outside has flexible rotation to cut high rigidity, internal
For universal structure, 10 degree of angles can be tilted in any direction；
Since horizontal well oil pump has certain tilt angle, during machine is taken out, sucker rod can generate bending deformation, reduce
Service life, moreover, moving up and down with pumping unit, can also act on certain torque to sucker rod, if used for a long time,
Break-off may occur for sucker rod, and in response to this problem, drop-off preventer for sucker rod is mounted between sucker rod, and there is flexible rotation in outside
The wear sleeve of high rigidity is cut, inside is universal structure, can tilt 10 degree of angles in any direction, effectively reduces horizontal well oil pumping
The flecition power of bar, while junction can rotate freely, and the torque of sucker rod axis direction can be made to substantially reduce, prevented
It is detached from box cupling, plays a very good protection to sucker rod, increase service life.
Wherein, oil well pump Deviation rectifier include correction sleeve, piston, delivery valve, into trip valve and universal head, universal head connects
It connects in valve upper end and the inlet valve lower end of going on a tour, two universal head maximums can deflect 12 degree, universal head, delivery valve, piston
And inlet valve forms a pumping pipe string, as sucker rod is moved up and down along correction sleeve, is drawn by lower part universal joint
Dynamic oil well pump completes Pumping action；
In oil pumping process, correction sleeve is mounted on to be shorted above oil well pump by oil pipe and connect with the pump barrel of oil well pump, pumps
Tubing string is connect by pup joint of sucker rod with plunger, due in horizontal well or inclined shaft, oil well pump middle line and sucker rod middle line row at
Certain angle is corrected by two universal heads, at the same this oil well pump deviation correcting device be also it is inclined be placed in well, by force
The pup joint of sucker rod for making oil well pump top and pump barrel point-blank, make oil pump plunger piston in pump barrel not by radial force
Effect.
This configuration avoids the generations of oil well pump friction phenomenon, simultaneously because piston moves back and forth in correction pump barrel, row
Journey is pumped space, and a short plunger oil-well pump is equivalent to, play the role of it is certain help pumping, considerably increase pump efficiency.
Wherein, it includes pump barrel top connection, gas injection outer tube, upper delivery valve, pump barrel, lower travelling valve, plunger, column that note, which adopts integrated pump,
Sealing, extension pipe, fixed valve assembly and air injection pipe lower contact are filled in, using the structure type of long-plunger short pump barrel, gas injection outer tube
Top is connected with pump barrel connector, and lower part connect with air injection pipe lower contact and forms gas injection channel, steam by pump barrel fluting at,
Directly steam is transported in gas injection tail pipe, steam is uniformly transported to by the steam distributor valve connected on gas injection tail pipe by well
It is interior；
Pump barrel top connection top is connect with flow string, and lower part is connected by pipe screw thread with gas injection outer tube, is avoided in gas injection
Leakage is generated in journey.
Pump barrel includes that extension pipe, fluting pump barrel, supporting positive cover and fixed valve, fixed valve have spring automatic reset function,
The bad disadvantage of the sealing effect in horizontal well is effectively prevented, pump barrel has steam deflector hole, and steam can be passed by pump barrel slot
It is delivered to pump barrel and air injection pipe is direct, to be transported in tail pipe.
Plunger equipped with spring automatic reset function upper delivery valve and lower travelling valve, in gas injection process, under plunger
It is put into bottom, injecting hole is got out of the way and carries out gas injection, when needing to turn to take out, above mention plunger, be adjusted to reasonable stroke, carry out machine is adopted；Column
Portion strike-offs device equipped with spiral beyond the Great Wall, and well liquid forms eddy flow, and can stir well liquid makes sand suspend and enter shaft bottom with well liquid, avoids
The problem of sand card；Plunger installs self-regulated core structure additional, overcomes whole pump leakage caused by axis decentraction when double pump cylinder is connected in parallel
The defects of measuring excessive, plunger eccentric wear.
The installation steps of injection thermal recovery oil well pump are as follows: successively transfer steam distributor valve, steam injection tail pipe, note and adopt dual-purpose pump, take out
Oil pump Deviation rectifier, oil pipe and high temperature and pressure thermal production well mouth；The decentralization sequence of roofbolt are as follows: oil pump plunger piston, drop-off preventer for sucker rod, pumping
Beam hanger, oil pumping rod centering device, thermal production well mouth production tree, high temperature blowout preventer for sucker rod, high temperature polished rod sealer.
Note adopts integrated pump technical characterstic:
A note is taken out dual-purpose: note takes out that conversion is simple and reliable, and assembly for plunger need to only be transferred to bottom by when steam injection, exposes steam injection hole
Steam injection, above mentioning plunger after steam injection and covering steam injection hole can turn to take out, and can play the thermal recovery effect of steam injection in time, reduce recover the oil at
This.
B sands-proof check: using short pump barrel long column plug structure, when normal oil pumping, on plunger oil-release valve cover always pump barrel it
Outside, it can reduce the generation of sand card column plug phenomenon.
C steam injection hole has oil draining function: when operation, proposing plunger, does not need any auxiliary tool, so that it may which realization is let out
Oil guarantees the safe and civilized production of working well, saves operating cost.
D can be such that steam uniformly infuses to oil well bottom, make oil reservoir thermally equivalent, improve gas injection effect, reduce gas injection week
Phase.
E extension pipe is equipped with supporting positive cover, this righting is cased with steam stream through-hole, can make pump barrel in the case where not choked flow
And extension pipe is tightly attached on gas injection outer tube.
All load mitigates pump barrel stress load, improves service life the weight of f tail pipe on gas injection outer tube, and adds
Long tube and outer tube directly have certain gap, avoid the deformation of generation because material expands with heat and contract with cold in gas injection process completely and produce
Raw stress.
Wherein, gas injection tail pipe connects below the air injection pipe that note adopts integrated pump, connects into one by 2 7/8NU tubing round thread
Whole, steam distributor valve is connected on gas injection tail pipe, every 200mm connection one, is adopted integrated pump by note when steam and is passed to note
Gas tailpipe, is allocated by steam distributor valve, and distributing valve is provided with spring, before installation according to require to adjust valve from
Dynamic cracking pressure；
Steam can be made directly to infuse to shaft bottom by this device, and due to the presence of steam distributor valve, steam can be made uniform
Note to underground, improve the effect of gas injection.
Following table is the parameter list of the oil well pump
Packer assembly include: back-off sub, the first flowline, the first side seal mandrel, the second flowline, the second side seal mandrel,
It is third flowline, third side seal mandrel, packer body, check valve, first spray head, second spray head, sealing ring, the 4th fuel-displaced
Pipe, third side seal mandrel, the 5th flowline, the 4th side seal mandrel, third spray head, snorkel, cable inlet guide member and side
Side gas piping, when steam injection, steam passes through packer body by the air inlet of side gas piping, by side flue
The air inlet pipe on road into coupling tube, the 4th flowline and the 5th flowline, and passes through first spray head, second spray head, third spray
Head sprays into underground, and when oil pumping, under the drive of oil well pump, well liquid pressure is greater than flowline internal pressure, hence into unidirectional
Valve, and enter back-off sub along third flowline, the second flowline, the first flowline.
Side gas piping keeps pressure above packer body, and ensures that the connection of various components does not leak, third
Spray head is mounted on the lower section of the 4th side seal mandrel of lower part, in third spray head setting plug with force side gas piping by into
The gas of port can be flowed into the 4th side seal mandrel of bottommost, and the well liquid point that will be generated in side gas piping and pit shaft
From cable inlet guide member is mounted on the lower section of the 4th side seal mandrel, in cable inlet guide member, packer body and gives up
It is respectively arranged to the underground measuring instrument of packer monitoring of working condition on connector, is constructed above the secondary ports of packer porous
Pipe, the annular space enabled to from upper area is promoted, to bypass riser leg of the packer into lower area, is led to
Crossing the first, second, third and fourth side seal mandrel realizes the adjustable joint of packer assembly various pieces, is grown with realizing to be adjusted according to well depth
The effect of degree.
The installation steps of packer assembly are as follows:
Step l, former well is taken out according to well head flooded conditions well killing fluid reacting cycle kill-job with 70~80 DEG C of thorough anti-flushing wells of hot water
Packer assembly；
Step 2, tripping in scraping drifting tubing string visit sand face to well section scraping repeatedly, and it is logical to take out scraping to artificial bottom of a well for sand washing
Well casing column；
Step 3, tripping in test fistulae column to predetermined depth and test leakage, observe flooded conditions, then above mention and test fistulae column to perforated interval
More than;
Otherwise step 4, checking sealing of packer component sealing situation replace packer assembly if qualification enters step 4；
Step 5, tripping in packer body, check valve, first spray head, second spray head, sealing ring, the 4th flowline, third side seal
Mandrel, the 5th flowline, the 4th side seal mandrel, third spray head, snorkel, cable inlet guide member and side gas piping,
Packer body is after magnetic location school is deeply errorless, after tubing string is filled clear water with cementing truck, to empty sky, is put into first and goes out
Oil pipe, the first side seal mandrel, the second flowline, the second side seal mandrel, third flowline, third side seal mandrel, and go out from first
It just suppresses in oil pipe, such as pressure balance, is then reinforced；
Step 6 above mentions the first flowline, is inserted into back-off sub, completes packer assembly installation；
Packer assembly allows the maximum possible depth continuous gas lift below packer to be injected by using single tubing string
The perpendicular flow and raising efficiency for improving well fluid in wellbore help to utilize standard tool and equipment present in industry
Keep good well integrality and good maintainability.
Wherein, packer body includes: top connection, mentions link, upper tube, closing piece, lock tube, taper piston, spring, expansion glue
Cylinder, down tube, floating piston, pin, pull ring, baffle ring and lower contact, which is pressurizeed by oil pipe conciliates pressure realization
It sets and unseals, specifically: liquid feeding pressure, hydraulic coupling act on taper piston through the biography fluid apertures of down tube, overcome tension force of spring,
It is axially moveable taper piston, the hydraulic inner cavity for entering expansion packing element through taper piston makes expansion packing element swell, realizes envelope
Every quickly bleeding off tubing pressure, taper piston is closed under the action of spring tension and hydraulic packing element inner cavity, and packing element is just located always
In distending state, packing oil, collar-shaped space；It when deblocking, above puts on connector and cuts pin, lock tube moves up, and makes closing piece at certainly
By state, continuing above to mention oil pipe, central tube is driven to move up, upper tube is allowed to disengage closing piece limitation, taper piston leaves sealing surface,
It is connected to upper and lower pressure release passage with packing element, pressure is released, and deblocking is completed.
For the casing and set change situation suitable for different-diameter, which, which designs, 2 kinds of diameters, and outer diameter is 95 respectively
Mm and 105 mm is respectively suitable for 139.7 mm cased wells, 177.8 mm cased wells carry out zonal water plugging.
The packer is during going into the well, inner cavity not feed liquor, realizes the quick packing and quickly and easily of packer
Deblocking.
Wherein, check valve is made of top connection, card, spring, valve ball, mandril, pin, pontic, silk plug, lower contact, single
In production layer position under corresponding to valve, tubing string is gone into the well before packer setting, and ram piston closes inside and outside communicating passage, and pressurization sets envelope
When device, hydraulic action cuts pin on the piston of mandril, and valve ball under the action of the spring, is pressed on valve seat, valve ball, valve seat
One-way sealing.
The check valve ensure that outside liquid can enter inside oil pipe when oil well pump aspirates, flushing fluid when preventing well-flushing
Wellbore fluid enters the midway of packer caused by tubing string and sets when polluted reservoir prevents tubing string from going into the well.When liquid feeding is pressed, pressure can be with
Pass to lower part.When well-flushing, check valve prevents flushing fluid polluted reservoir.
Back-off sub is made of top connection, sliding sleeve, pin, ball cover, lock ball, lower contact, after packer completion is set, oil pipe
Lock ball is put into, liquid feeding pressure cuts pin, and sliding sleeve is fallen, and lock ball is fallen into the groove of sliding sleeve, releases mutual interlocking gear, and realization is given up,
It rises and the above tubing string of giving up, after putting into lock ball, then put into 2 sucker rods, by the impact force of sucker rod, sever control pin,
Realization is given up.
Wherein, the underground measuring instrument of packer monitoring of working condition includes foil gauge, pressure sensor, signal amplification modulation electricity
Road, analog to digital conversion circuit, data acquisition circuit and processor, the data obtained by underground measuring instrument are to packer operating condition
It is monitored, judges whether it is in a safe condition, and deterministic process is as follows:
Step 1, packer sectional pressure is calculated by the data of acquisition,
When oil pumping, packer sectional pressure PcAre as follows:
When steam injects, packer sectional pressure PzAre as follows:
Wherein PsFor well head pressure, PbFor bottom pressure, L is packer length, and H is well depth locating for packer；
Step 2, it calculates packer and is bent axle power Fwz,
Fwz=-Fzb-QfH+QvH+Fbh,
FzbFor the equivalent axle power of section flexure, QfFor viscous friction coefficient, QvCoulomb friction coefficient, FbhSection piston force；
Step 3, Stress calculation calculates separately oil pumping section compression stress ots, gas injection section compression stress otz, axial tension stress σwz:
RwFor packer maximum external radius, RnFor packer minimum outer radius；
Step 4, the limiting range of stress judges,
σsFor the yield limit stress of packer material, nsFor safety coefficient, MAX () is max-value function；
If calculated result meets above formula, otherwise packer stress material safety gives a warning, reminds packer to enter and answer
Power limiting condition.
Embodiment described above only expresses one embodiment of the present invention, and but it cannot be understood as to this
The limitation of invention scope.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, in the premise for not departing from present inventive concept
Under, various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment described above only expresses one embodiment of the present invention, and but it cannot be understood as to this
The limitation of invention scope.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, in the premise for not departing from present inventive concept
Under, various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory comprising pumping unit main body, injection thermal recovery oil well pump and
Packer assembly, pumping unit main body are connect by its trailer system with injection thermal recovery oil well pump, injection thermal recovery oil well pump and packing
Device assembly is connected by back-off sub, and packer assembly includes: back-off sub, the first flowline, the first side seal mandrel, second goes out
Oil pipe, the second side seal mandrel, third flowline, third side seal mandrel, packer body, check valve, first spray head, the second spray
Head, sealing ring, the 4th flowline, third side seal mandrel, the 5th flowline, the 4th side seal mandrel, third spray head, snorkel, electricity
Cable entrance guide member and side gas piping, when steam injection, steam passes through packer master by the air inlet of side gas piping
Body, by the air inlet pipe of side gas piping, into coupling tube, the 4th flowline and the 5th flowline, and by first spray head,
Second spray head, third spray head spray into underground, and when oil pumping, under the drive of oil well pump, well liquid pressure is greater than flowline internal pressure,
Enter back-off sub hence into check valve, and along third flowline, the second flowline, the first flowline.
2. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in packer
Side gas piping keeps pressure above main body, and ensures that the connection of various components does not leak, and third spray head is mounted on lower part
The lower section of 4th side seal mandrel, setting plug is to force side gas piping that can flow by the gas of air inlet in third spray head
Enter the 4th side seal mandrel to bottommost, and the well liquid generated in side gas piping and pit shaft is separated, cable inlet guiding
Part is mounted on the lower section of the 4th side seal mandrel, is respectively set in cable inlet guide member, packer body and back-off sub
For the underground measuring instrument of packer monitoring of working condition, construct antipriming pipe above the secondary ports of packer, enable to from
Annular space in upper area is promoted, to bypass riser leg of the packer into lower area, passes through first, second, third and fourth
Side seal mandrel realizes the adjustable joint of packer assembly various pieces, adjusts length according to well depth to realize.
3. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: packer group
The installation steps of part are as follows:
Step l, former well is taken out according to well head flooded conditions well killing fluid reacting cycle kill-job with 70~80 DEG C of thorough anti-flushing wells of hot water
Packer assembly；
Step 2, tripping in scraping drifting tubing string visit sand face to well section scraping repeatedly, and it is logical to take out scraping to artificial bottom of a well for sand washing
Well casing column；
Step 3, tripping in test fistulae column to predetermined depth and test leakage, observe flooded conditions, then above mention and test fistulae column to perforated interval
More than;
Otherwise step 4, checking sealing of packer component sealing situation replace packer assembly if qualification enters step 4；
Step 5, tripping in packer body, check valve, first spray head, second spray head, sealing ring, the 4th flowline, third side seal
Mandrel, the 5th flowline, the 4th side seal mandrel, third spray head, snorkel, cable inlet guide member and side gas piping,
Packer body is after magnetic location school is deeply errorless, after tubing string is filled clear water with cementing truck, to empty sky, is put into first and goes out
Oil pipe, the first side seal mandrel, the second flowline, the second side seal mandrel, third flowline, third side seal mandrel, and go out from first
It just suppresses in oil pipe, such as pressure balance, is then reinforced；
Step 6 above mentions the first flowline, is inserted into back-off sub, completes packer assembly installation.
4. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: packer master
Body includes: top connection, mentions link, upper tube, closing piece, lock tube, taper piston, spring, expansion packing element, down tube, floating piston, pin
Nail, pull ring, baffle ring and lower contact, which, which pressurizes to conciliate by oil pipe, presses realization to set and unseal, specifically: add
Hydraulic, hydraulic coupling acts on taper piston through the biography fluid apertures of down tube, overcomes tension force of spring, moves taper piston along axial
Dynamic, the hydraulic inner cavity for entering expansion packing element through taper piston makes expansion packing element swell, realizes packing, quickly bleed off tubing pressure,
Taper piston is closed under the action of spring tension and hydraulic packing element inner cavity, and packing element is just in distending state, packing oil, set always
Annular space；When deblocking, above to put on connector and cut pin, lock tube moves up, and makes closing piece at free state, continue above to mention oil pipe,
It drives central tube to move up, upper tube is allowed to disengage closing piece limitation, taper piston leaves sealing surface, makes upper and lower pressure release passage and glue
Cylinder connection, pressure are released, and deblocking is completed.
5. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: check valve by
Top connection, card, spring, valve ball, mandril, pin, pontic, silk plug, lower contact composition, are producing layer position under check valve is corresponding,
Tubing string is gone into the well before packer setting, and ram piston closes inside and outside communicating passage, pressurize set packer when, hydraulic action is in mandril
Piston on, cut pin, valve ball under the action of the spring, is pressed on valve seat, valve ball, valve seat one-way sealing.
6. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: back-off sub
It is made of top connection, sliding sleeve, pin, ball cover, lock ball, lower contact, after packer completion is set, oil pipe investment lock ball, liquid feeding pressure,
Pin is cut, sliding sleeve is fallen, and lock ball is fallen into the groove of sliding sleeve, releases mutual interlocking gear, and realization is given up, and is risen and to give up with upper tube
Column after putting into lock ball, then puts into 2 sucker rods, by the impact force of sucker rod, severs control pin, realization is given up.
7. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: packer work
The underground measuring instrument of condition monitoring includes that foil gauge, pressure sensor, signal amplification modulating circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit, data are adopted
Collector and processor are monitored packer operating condition by the data that underground measuring instrument obtains, judge whether it is in
Safe condition, deterministic process are as follows:
Step 1, packer sectional pressure is calculated by the data of acquisition,
When oil pumping, packer sectional pressureAre as follows:
,
When steam injects, packer sectional pressureAre as follows:
,
WhereinFor well head pressure,For bottom pressure,For packer length,For well depth locating for packer；
Step 2, it calculates packer and is bent axle power,
,
For the equivalent axle power of section flexure,For viscous friction coefficient,Coulomb friction coefficient,Section piston force；
Step 3, Stress calculation calculates separately oil pumping section compression, gas injection section compression, axial tension stress:
,,,
For packer maximum external radius,For packer minimum outer radius；
Step 4, the limiting range of stress judges,
For the yield limit stress of packer material,For safety coefficient,For max-value function；
If calculated result meets above formula, otherwise packer stress material safety gives a warning, packer is reminded to enter stress
Limiting condition.
8. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that oil pumping owner
Body includes: concrete foundation, telephone-moving guide rail, rail clip assembly, control cabinet, bracket, balance-adjustable counterweight, upper mounting plate, upper guardrail
Combination, power device, brake, trailer system and elevator,
Trailer system includes traction wheel, wirerope, running block and steel cable termina, and wirerope, which is divided into mentioning, draws wirerope peace
Weigh wirerope, mentions and draws wirerope one end and be fixed on traction wheel and bypass from traction wheel, and the other end passes through on elevator, elevator
Movable pulley be fixedly connected with the steel cable termina on bracket, balance rope draws that wirerope is reversed, and one end is fixed on leads with mentioning
Running wheel is simultaneously bypassed from traction wheel, and the other end passes through on the movable pulley and bracket in balance-adjustable counterweight, balance-adjustable counterweight
Steel cable termina is fixedly connected；
More wirerope are separately connected the running block being mounted on elevator and balance-adjustable counterweight around traction wheel both ends, and
It is each secured to the steel cable termina of trailer system.
9. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: power device
Including motor, fluid coupling, turn to adjustment mechanism and brake；
Motor is rare earth permanent-magnet synchronization motor, and rotor loss is smaller than common asynchronous moter, therefore the efficiency of motor itself is than general
Three-way motor is high by about 5%, and power factor can reach 0.9 or more, and starting current is big, which is passed through dynamic using one-directional rotation
The steering structure of power device completes the steering of power output according to stroke requirement；
Fluid coupling is a kind of nonrigid coupling device using liquid as working media, by the blade phase of liquid and pump impeller, turbine
Interaction generates the variation of the moment of momentum to transmit torque, and the pump impeller and turbine of fluid-flywheel clutch, which form one, can make liquid circulation flow
Dynamic closed working chamber, pump impeller is on input shaft, and turbine is on output shaft, when motor band driven input shaft rotates, liquid quilt
Centrifugal pump impeller is thrown away, and high-speed liquid, which enters after turbine, pushes turbine rotation, by the energy transmission obtained from pump impeller to output shaft,
Liquid returns to pump impeller, forms flowing in cycles, the transmission efficiency of fluid coupling is equal to output shaft revolving speed and input shaft turns
Speed, rotating ratio is 0.95 or more；The oil emptying of fluid coupling, fluid coupling are at disengaged condition, can play clutch
The effect of device；
Fluid coupling input shaft lean and output between centers lean on liquid communication, and rigid attachment is not present between working component, can eliminate impact
And vibration；It exports revolving speed and is lower than input speed, the rotational speed difference of two axis increases with the increase of load；Overload protection performance and starting
Performance is good, and load is excessive and input shaft is still rotatable when stalling, and will not cause the damage of engine；When load decreases, it exports
Axis revolving speed is increased up the revolving speed close to input shaft, and transmitting torque is made to go to zero；
Adjustment mechanism is turned to by bevel gear reducer, keyed pulling sleeve, ratio shift fork, slide bar, two connecting rods, floating driving lever, stroke
Axis composition is adjusted, transmission shaft is the output shaft of motor, and the left and right commutation umbrella tooth wheel case of bevel gear reducer is in bevel gear reducer
Transmission shaft on, keyed pulling sleeve is used for motivation of adjustment direction, the change of power direction of transfer is realized by alloting keyed pulling sleeve, than
Example shift fork allots keyed pulling sleeve quickly with the ratio of 2:1, and the lower part elongated slot of ratio shift fork is contacted with the guide block of slide bar, slide bar
It is moved back and forth in guide bracket, drives shift fork movement, one end of slide bar and push connecting rod, positioning linkage rod and floating driving lever are hinged on one
It rises, floating driving lever is sleeved on transmission shaft, when the backing pin being fixed on traction wheel rotates and encounters floating driving lever, with traction wheel
It rotates together；
After motor powers on, the right commutation bevel-gear rotating of bevel gear reducer is driven by fluid coupling and drives traction wheel one
Operating is played, while balance rope, balance-adjustable counterweight being driven to move downward, when the backing pin of traction wheel encounters floating driving lever,
Floating driving lever then pushes connecting rod, makes shift fork in conjunction with left commutation bevel gear, reversely rotates traction wheel, drive mention draw wirerope and
Elevator moves downward, and when another backing pin of traction wheel encounters floating driving lever, then starts new stroke cycle.
10. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: elevator
By automatic aligning device, buffer unit, mentions and draw beam seat plate and clamp apparatus for oil pumping rod forms, buffer unit and automatic aligning dress
It is set in the middle position at the position of installation running block, directly alignment well head, buffer unit is placed on automatic aligning device,
Automatic aligning device includes aligning ball seat, high-strength bolt, mentions and draw beam seat plate, aligning bulb, aligning bulb gland, and aligning ball seat is used
The mentioning of high-strength bolt and automatic aligning device draws beam seat plate and is fixed together, and aligning bulb is fixed on aligning by aligning bulb gland
On ball seat, buffer unit is made of rubber bullet Huang and rubber spring guide sleeve, rubber spring be placed in protection and setting effect
In rubber spring guide sleeve；
Brake refers in motor operation that brake is by electricity using normally closed type and two kinds of modes of braking open in usual, normally closed type
Fluid brake makes motor normal power-up, opens band-type brake by electric power, when power failure, by spring by band-type brake locking；It is open in usual to be
Refer to brake in the process of running, brake struts band-type brake by the elastic force of spring, operates motor without constraint, and brake begins
It does not consume energy eventually, only when pumping unit stops, motor is just powered under the promotion of brake, pushes lever, band open by centrifugal force
Band-type brake is moved by motor braking；
Rail clip assembly is made of adjustable rail clamping device, the very heavy top baffle of position-adjustable, displacement guide sleeve, displacement guide rail, adjustable folder
Rail device and displacement guide rail composition counter-force balance supporting mechanism, and the very heavy top baffle of position-adjustable, displacement guide sleeve and displacement guide rail composition move
Position mechanism, adjustable rail clamping device is by the next on adjusting screw rod, adjusting nut, housing, guide plate, collet opening and closing guide pin, collet
It sets and adjusts guiding axis, collet composition, rotate adjusting screw rod, make it through fixed adjusting nut on the coat and move up and down, adjust
It saves screw rod and drives collet to adjust vertical long holes on guiding axis and outer set using collet upper and lower position by guide plate, in Vertical Square
To moving close to or leaving track, adjusting screw rod is continued to rotate, pushes or lift guide plate, by vertical long holes on outer set and is led
The torque that relative position generates between lateral long hole on plate, makes collet clamp or release track；Collet vertically moves
It is dynamic, even if having machining deformation error between track and oil pumping base, rail clamping device and track can also be made to be in appropriate contact position, energy
Ensure that rail clamping device accurately presss from both sides rail.
11. a kind of pumping unit system with multistage steam injection packer accessory according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: control cabinet
Including frequency converter, dynamic braking module, human-machine interface module, PLC controller, temperature control modules, monitor portion passes through ether
Net is communicated with control cabinet, and PLC controller carries out fuzzy control, frequency conversion to the output frequency of frequency converter according to the rate curve of setting
Device control motor it is forward and reverse accelerate, at the uniform velocity, retarded motion, motor drives traction wheel dragging wirerope to make to mention and draw by retarder
Device pumps with counterweight, completes the entire pumping unit course of work, external rotary encoder, is used on retarder
The rotational pulse accumulated value that motor exports is fed back to the high-speed counter module in PLC controller, by program reduced unit,
The pulse electrical signal of feedback is converted into actual output frequency value, is compared with presetting frequency values, passes through PLC controller
PID module completes closed-loop control；
The process of fuzzy control is as follows:
Step 1, pulse value is taken difference as deviation by rotary encoder by speed measuring module and setting value, passes through high-speed counter
Module realizes analog/digital conversion, show that exemplary frequency deviation values e and frequency departure change ec, inputs to fuzzy controller；
Step 2, exemplary frequency deviation values e and frequency departure variation ec are converted to fuzzy quantity, complete fuzzification process；
Step 3, empirically established language rule carries out fuzzy reasoning to fuzzy quantity；
Step 4, anti fuzzy method is handled, and control amount U is converted to control instruction u, also referred to as sharpening, control instruction u passes through
Output frequency is converted into current signal control frequency converter output, realizes the accurate control of motor by the conversion of PLC program；
Step 3 specifically:
Step 3.1 determines Fuzzy Linguistic Variable, by exemplary frequency deviation values e and frequency departure variation ec it is fuzzy turn to fuzzy language E,
EC, using PID correction amount △ Kp, △ Ki as output Fuzzy Linguistic Variable；
Step 3.2 determines that fuzzy domain, the fuzzy domain of E, EC are [0,5], [0,9], △ KP, △ KI according to language rule
Fuzzy domain be [0,3], [0,0.24]；
Step 3.3 determines physics domain according to language rule, determines that quantizing factor Ke, Kec of E, EC are the ratio of 1, △ Kp
The scale factor K Ki that example factor K Kp is 0.05, △ Ki is 2；E, the physics domain of EC is [0,5], [0,9]；△ KP, △
The physics domain of KI is [0,0.15], [0,0.48]；
Step 3.4, setting fuzzy set, the fuzzy set of deviation E be ZO, S, SS, SSS, M, MM, MMM, L, LL, LLL,
LLLL }, the fuzzy set of change of error EC is { ZO, S, M, L }, and the fuzzy set of control amount △ KP is { ZO, S, M, L }, control
The fuzzy set of amount △ KI processed is { ZO, S, M, L }；
Step 3.5, setting membership function figure complete fuzzy reasoning, output control according to domain and fuzzy set has been set above
Measure U.
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