CN115111146A - Anti-abrasion load-shedding oil pumping device of three-dimensional curved well and using method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-abrasion load-shedding oil pumping device of three-dimensional curved well and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115111146A CN115111146A CN202210801952.8A CN202210801952A CN115111146A CN 115111146 A CN115111146 A CN 115111146A CN 202210801952 A CN202210801952 A CN 202210801952A CN 115111146 A CN115111146 A CN 115111146A
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- well
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- pump
- oil pumping
- annular valve
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
- F04B47/02—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level
- F04B47/026—Pull rods, full rod component parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/05—Swivel joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
- F04B47/14—Counterbalancing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-abrasion load-shedding oil pumping device of a three-dimensional curved well and a use method thereof, wherein the anti-abrasion load-shedding oil pumping device comprises the following steps: pump cylinders, ring valves, traveling valves, guides, sucker rods, and universal joints, and methods of using the same. The pump cylinder is connected with the oil pipe into a whole, and the upper part of the pump body is provided with a guide device for facilitating underground assembly; the sucker rod is connected by sections through universal joints, so that the damage of the sucker rod caused by the circulating stress applied to the bent part in the inclined shaft is reduced; the internal annular valve of the pump body is arranged at the upper end of the traveling valve, so that the compression stress of the sucker rod is reduced to the maximum extent when the down stroke is reduced, the buckling degree of the sucker rod is reduced, the abrasion to the well wall is reduced, the pump inspection period is prolonged, and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, and particularly relates to an anti-abrasion load-shedding oil pumping device of a three-dimensional curved well and a using method thereof.
Background
At present, most of mechanical oil extraction equipment used in the production and exploitation process of oil wells in China is a sucker rod pump. In a directional well, a slant well, a horizontal well and a three-dimensional curved well with a curved well track, the curved well track can cause displacement excitation to a sucker rod, so that a lateral force is generated. In the oil extraction process of the traditional sucker-rod pump in the special oil well, the bending phenomenon of a rod string can occur, and eccentric wear can occur when the traditional sucker-rod pump is in contact with an oil pumping pipe, so that great friction force is generated. And the dynamic liquid level is reduced after the oil field enters the middle and later stages, so that the suspension point static load is increased. The service life of parts is seriously influenced by the above conditions, the pump detection period is shortened, and the oil extraction efficiency is reduced and the cost is increased.
In the prior art, for the problems of eccentric wear and overlarge suspension point load of a three-dimensional curved well rod pipe, the common method at present is to adopt the method of additionally arranging a centralizer on a sucker rod, adding a counterweight of the sucker rod and additionally arranging a hydraulic feedback device to reduce the influence of eccentric wear, and adopt the sucker rod load reduction technology, the oil pumping pipe load reduction technology, the oil pumping pump load reduction technology or the matched tool load reduction technology to reduce the suspension point load. Wherein, install the solution of centralizer additional in the sucker rod, separate sucker rod and oil pipe through the centralizer, nevertheless owing to install the node additional too much make sucker rod running resistance increase, the increase of suspension point load, the increase energy consumption, the pole atress relation worsens, has increased pole fracture probability sometimes on the contrary. Patent ZL201220448003.8 installs the piston below the pump barrel, and the below of the piston is fixed with the aggravating pipe. European patent EP2304170B1 and domestic patents ZL200420053992.6 and ZL200620085231.8 are all through increasing the sucker rod counter weight, offset some atresss through increasing the weight of sucker rod bottom end, in order to overcome the crooked and eccentric wear of pole column that down resistance brought, but because load restriction can install counter weight additional limited effect not ideal, and this invention is more suitable for in the vertical well, and the effect is not good to three-dimensional curved well, and the lower part increases the hanging load and is equivalent to having increased the load of beam-pumping unit hanging point, can reduce system efficiency. Patents ZL200920031495.9, ZL201120114471.7, ZL201621032696.7 are all through installing hydraulic feedback device's solution additional, offset the axial pressure that the liquid column produced to the sucker rod through setting up pressurized cross section down, but the valve seat structure of hydraulic feedback formula pump is complicated, and easy inefficacy, the result of application is not ideal. The rod pipe rotating device is arranged on a wellhead polished rod, the circumferential rotation of the sucker rod can enable the rod string to be worn uniformly and prolong the service life of the sucker rod, and the technology does not really solve the problem of eccentric wear of the rod string.
For more complicated well conditions of three-dimensional curved wells, such as vertical wells, directional wells, horizontal wells, cluster wells and the like with curved tracks, the sucker rod is in a three-dimensional curved state, more contact points with the pipe wall are formed, and eccentric wear is serious. In conclusion, the prior art process cannot economically and effectively solve the problems of eccentric wear of the sucker rod pump and overhigh load of a suspension point under the working condition of a three-dimensional curved well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-wear load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well and a using method thereof, which can effectively overcome the descending resistance of an oil pumping rod, reduce forced bending deformation of the oil pumping rod, reduce eccentric wear of the oil pumping rod, reduce suspension point load, prolong the service life of a rod pipe pump, improve the pump detection period and improve the economical efficiency and safety of oil extraction of the rod pump.
The invention consists of a connecting rod (1), an upper connecting cylinder (2), an annular valve plug (3), an annular valve outer cylinder (4), a pump cylinder (5), a traveling valve assembly (6), a plunger (7), a fastening nut (8), a guide rod (9), a pump cylinder lower joint (10), a guide device (11), a counterweight (12), a universal joint (13) and a sucker rod (14); wherein the connecting rod (1) is put into a well along with a pump barrel, the upper end of the connecting rod is in threaded connection with a sucker rod, the upper connecting barrel (2) is connected with an oil pipe, the pump barrel (5) is connected with an annular valve outer barrel (4), an annular valve plug (3) is matched with a valve seat inclined plane of the annular valve outer barrel (4), the upper part of a traveling valve assembly (6) is fixed at the lower end of the connecting rod (1), a plunger (7) is connected with the lower end of the traveling valve assembly (6), the annular valve plug axially reciprocates in the pump barrel during oil pumping production, the lower end of the pump barrel (5) is connected with a guide device (11) through a pump barrel lower joint (10), a guide rod (9) is matched with the guide device (11), the lower end of the guide rod (9) is connected with a balance weight (12) without adding, the weight is determined according to the actual working condition, adjacent sucker rods (14) at the bending part of a well hole are connected through a universal joint (13), and other positions are linked according to the conventional mode, the joint of the sucker rod and the connecting rod is locked by a fastening nut (8).
The invention has the beneficial effects
1. Because the guiding device is arranged at the bottom of the pump barrel, the eccentricity between the plunger and the pump barrel is small in oil extraction operation, the friction between the plunger and the pump barrel is small, and the service life is prolonged;
2. the combined structure of the traveling annular valve and the fixed ball valve can improve the opening and closing speed of the oil well pump. Compared with the conventional pump, the starting and stopping time is improved by more than 40%, the starting and stopping stroke is shortened by 1-3cm, and the volume efficiency is improved by 20-30%;
3. during the down stroke, the novel oil well pump structure enables the lower end face of the plunger to be directly contacted with the bottom flowing pressure, and the upper jacking force received by the plunger is greatly reduced during the down stroke of the oil well pump. The upward jacking force of the novel oil well pump is directly related to the bottom hole submergence degree and is unrelated to the pump hanging depth. The upward jacking force of a conventional pump is directly related to the pump hanging depth;
4. the sucker rod is connected by universal joint, has reduced the bending deformation power, frictional force and the anti-branch power of three-dimensional bent well bending point sucker rod, has reduced the pole pipe eccentric wear. The universal joint not only strengthens the trafficability of the sucker rod in the bent well barrel section, but also can transmit pulling pressure to realize the reciprocating production and discharge work of the oil well pump;
5. the novel anti-friction load-reducing oil pumping device can improve the system efficiency of the production of a three-dimensional curved well oil well, wherein the three-dimensional curved well comprises a directional well, a horizontal well, a cluster well, a straight well with a curved track and a straight well in a rod pipe bending deformation state;
6. the bottom of the guide rod can be provided with a balance weight, so that the upward jacking force during the downward stroke is reduced, the middle position of the sucker rod string is reduced, and the risk of bending deformation of the sucker rod string is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-abrasion load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an annular valve structure of an anti-wear load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the sucker rod of the anti-wear load-reducing oil pumping device for the three-dimensional curved well.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a traveling valve of an anti-wear load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a universal joint structure of an anti-wear load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-abrasion load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well in a slant well and a straight well condition.
Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an anti-abrasion load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well under the working condition of a horizontal well.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-abrasion load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well according to the invention under a three-dimensional curved well working condition.
In the figure, 1-connecting rod; 2-upper connecting cylinder, 3-annular valve plug, 4-annular valve outer cylinder, 5-pump cylinder, 6-traveling valve assembly, 7-plunger, 8-fastening nut, 9-guide rod, 10-pump cylinder lower joint, 11-guide device, 12-counterweight, 13-universal joint, 14-sucker rod, 61-fastening nut, 62-traveling valve upper joint, 63-traveling valve ball and 64-traveling valve seat.
Detailed Description
The specific structure of an anti-abrasion load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well is shown in figure 1. The specific structure of the annular valve is shown in figure 2. The upper connecting cylinder (2) is connected with the oil pumping pipe through screw threads. The pumping rods (14) at all levels are connected by universal joints (13). The connecting rod (1) passes through the annular valve (3) and is connected with the traveling valve (6) through a bottom end thread. The side surface of the traveling valve (6) is provided with an oil inlet hole to ensure the liquid to flow, the bottom end of the traveling valve (6) is connected with the plunger (7) through threads, the positioning nut (61) fastens the connecting rod (1) and plays a positioning role during assembling, and the traveling valve performs axial reciprocating motion in the pump cylinder during oil pumping. The lower end of the pump barrel (5) is connected with the lower joint (10) of the pump barrel and the guide device (11) through threads in sequence. The guide rod (9) is matched with the guide device (11), and the lower end of the guide rod (9) is connected with the counterweight (12) and is not added when not needed. The invention provides an anti-abrasion load-reducing oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well, which adopts a tubular pump structure, a pump body is put into a well along with an oil pumping pipe during installation, a pumping rod (14) is put into the well after a fastening nut (8) is installed, and the pumping rod is connected with a connecting rod (1) to carry out the assembly process under the well, as shown in figure 3. Fig. 6, 7 and 8 are schematic structural diagrams of the designed oil pumping device under different working conditions.
The invention relates to a working process of an anti-abrasion load-shedding oil pumping device for a three-dimensional curved well, which comprises the following steps:
during the down stroke, the annular valve (3) is closed by the pressure of the upper liquid column, the traveling valve (6) moves downwards under the action of gravity, the pressure is reduced along with the increase of the volume of the pump cavity, the traveling valve is opened under the action of the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the valve ball, and the liquid flows into the pump cavity. The plunger is less than the conventional pump under the action of the upper jacking force, the pressure on the rod column is greatly reduced, and the bending deformation of the sucker rod can be effectively weakened.
During the upstroke, the traveling valve (6) is closed, the annular valve (3) is opened, and the plunger lifts the produced liquid. At the moment, the liquid column pressure is loaded above the traveling valve (6), so that the sucker rod is in a stretching state.
In the normal working process, the sucker rods at all levels are connected by the universal joints (13), the eccentric wear caused by the bending deformation of the sucker rods forced by the bending sections of the three-dimensional curved well is avoided, the pump inspection period is prolonged, and the production efficiency of an oil well is improved.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-abrasion load-reducing oil pumping device of the three-dimensional curved well is characterized by comprising a connecting rod (1), an upper connecting cylinder (2), an annular valve plug (3), an annular valve outer cylinder (4), a pump cylinder (5), a traveling valve assembly (6), a plunger (7), a fastening nut (8), a guide rod (9), a pump cylinder lower joint (10), a guide device (11), a balance weight (12), a universal joint (13) and an oil pumping rod (14); the method is characterized in that: go up connecting cylinder (2) and oil pipe and link to each other, connecting rod (1) upper end and sucker rod are by threaded connection, connect by universal joint (13) between adjacent sucker rod (14), it has annular valve urceolus (4) to connect on pump barrel (5), there is the toper base structure annular valve urceolus (4) inside, annular valve plug (3) cooperatees with the inclined plane of toper base, play sealed effect when the two contacts, connecting rod (1) lower extreme is fixed on trip valve (6) upper portion, guide bar (9) are connected with plunger (7) lower extreme, guide device (11) are connected through pump barrel lower clutch (10) to pump barrel (5) lower extreme, guide bar (9) and guide device (11) cooperation, counter weight (12) can be connected to guide bar (9) lower extreme.
2. The wear-proof load-reducing oil pumping device for the three-dimensional curved well is characterized in that the connecting rod (1) is sequentially matched with an annular valve assembly (consisting of the connecting rod (3) and the connecting rod (4)) and a traveling valve assembly (6) from top to bottom. The connecting rod (1) penetrates through the annular valve (3), and the lower part of the connecting rod (1) is connected with the traveling valve (6) through self-locking threads.
3. The wear-resistant load-reducing oil pumping device for the three-dimensional curved well is characterized in that the pump body and the oil pumping pipe are assembled on the ground during assembly, the pump body is put into the well along with the oil pumping pipe, and the upper connecting cylinder (2) is connected with the oil pumping pipe through self-locking threads. The lower end of the sucker rod (14) is provided with a fastening nut (8) in advance on the well, the lower end of the sucker rod is connected with the connecting rod (1) through threads on the ground, and the assembled oil well pump is integrally lowered into the well along with the oil pipe.
4. The wear-resistant load-reducing oil pumping device for the three-dimensional curved well is characterized in that the oil pumping rod (14) is connected into a rod-column assembly through a self-locking thread link or a universal joint (13), and the oil pumping rod is connected with the connecting rod (1) into a whole through a special guide device when being put into the well.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the universal joints (12) are capable of withstanding tension, compression and torsional loads, and wherein a plurality of universal joints (12) are typically disposed in the wellbore, the number and location of universal joints (12) being related to the wellbore trajectory, typically including the pump outlet end, the mid-point of the sucker rod, and the curved section of the three dimensional curved well.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sucker rod (14) is connected to the universal joints (12), wherein the length of the rod string at the curve of the curved well is proportional to the number of universal joints.
7. The abrasion-proof load-reducing oil pumping device for the three-dimensional curved well is characterized in that the annular valve plug (3) is provided with a limiting component at the annular top end above the annular valve plug (3) so as to ensure that the annular valve plug (3) can be timely reset, and the cambered surface below the annular valve plug and the inclined surface of the conical base in the annular valve base outer cylinder (4) form a line contact seal.
8. A wear-resistant load-relieving oil well pumping unit for three-dimensional curved wells according to claim 1, characterized by the traveling valve (6), wherein the upper part is screwed to the connecting rod (1) using a fastening nut (61) and the lower part is screwed to the plunger (7).
9. The abrasion-proof load-reducing oil pumping device for the three-dimensional curved well is characterized in that the plunger (7) is characterized in that the upper end of the plunger is provided with a traveling valve (6), the traveling valve (6) and the annular valve (3) control the liquid inlet and outlet of the oil well pump through opening and closing, and the lower end of the plunger is connected with a guide rod (9) and fixed through a fastening nut (8); the ratio of the length of the plunger to the length of the pump barrel (5) is less than 0.5. The lengths of the plunger and the pump cylinder are determined according to the production requirement of the oil well; the lower end of the guide rod can be connected with a counterweight device according to the requirement, and the counterweight size is determined according to the actual well condition.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the length of the connecting rod satisfies a predetermined relationship:
l d ＝l b -l z -l n +175(mm)
wherein:
l d representing the guide bar length;
l b represents the pump barrel (5) length;
l z represents the plunger (7) length;
l n the guide rod is connected with the plunger (7) through screw threads.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210801952.8A CN115111146A (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Anti-abrasion load-shedding oil pumping device of three-dimensional curved well and using method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210801952.8A CN115111146A (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Anti-abrasion load-shedding oil pumping device of three-dimensional curved well and using method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115111146A true CN115111146A (en) | 2022-09-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210801952.8A Pending CN115111146A (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Anti-abrasion load-shedding oil pumping device of three-dimensional curved well and using method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN115111146A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116241192A (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-06-09 | 大庆冬青技术开发有限公司 | Zero-instability oil extraction method for sucker rod |
-
2022
- 2022-07-08 CN CN202210801952.8A patent/CN115111146A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116241192A (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-06-09 | 大庆冬青技术开发有限公司 | Zero-instability oil extraction method for sucker rod |
| CN116241192B (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-08-22 | 大庆冬青技术开发有限公司 | Zero-instability oil extraction method for sucker rod |
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