CN201835794U - Drainage and gas production simulation experiment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a drainage and gas production simulation experiment device which is used for simulating drainage and gas production in a coal bed methane well or other water production gas wells. The drainage and gas production simulation experiment device comprises a speed reducer, a water pump, a well head device, a water storage device, a detection device, a sleeve column, a water pipe column, a drainage and gas production rod column and a drainage and gas production pump. The drainage and gas production rod column, the water pipe column and the sleeve column form two annular spaces; while a rod pipe annulus is used for drainage, a water jacket annulus is used for gas out; the research on two-phase flow gas separation conditions is realized by the property distribution of the water jacket annulus; the speed reducer integrates a power machine and a transmission system to realize larger transmission ratio and continuous adjustment to frequency of stroke as well as arbitrary adjustment to liquid discharge quantity of 3-30 m3/d and submergence depth of 0-20 m; the detection device realizes real-time monitoring to liquid discharge quantity, working liquid level, pressure, well liquid ingredients and rod stress; a walking beam counterweight adopts a split type structure; the position of a crank counterweight can be continuously adjusted to realize the effect that the water pump has better balance; and the dimension of the complete machine is reduced through the adoption of a single crank, a single connecting rod and a sliding bearing structure.

Description

Water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of coal bed gas well or other produces the analogue means that the aqueous vapor well carries out water pumping gas production, has been applicable to bar row excavating technology system.

Background technology

At present, existing analogue experiment installation has a bar apparatus by what engine, oil pumper, oil pipe, sucker rod and oil well pump were formed, be used for the liquid lifting of oil well, during experiment, in the annular space that R a T is formed, inject certain amount of fluid, start power set, convert rotatablely moving of engine to suspension point pump by oil pumper, with the downhole conditions in this approximate simulation oil mining, finish the test and the analytical work of well flow velocity, the sedimentation of solid grain and rod tube stressing conditions.Therefore and be not suitable for producing the experimental simulation of aqueous vapor well but the another one annular space that these analogue means do not provide oil pipe and sleeve pipe to form can not be simulated the draining of rod tube annular space, and the row that gives vent to anger of oil jacket annular space adopts situation simultaneously; And, can only in the rod tube annular space, inject quantitative liquid, and the rod tube annular space of real well is full of well liquid, also have the liquid of certain submergence in its outer oil jacket annular space, and the height of submergence is with carrying out of adopting of row and constantly change; Simultaneously, roofbolt and tubing string only are 1～3m usually, can't finish the simulation to producing fluid level and submergence height change; In addition, the jig frequency of oil pumper is certain, can't adjust continuously, and lifting rate constantly changes in the actual exploitation, needs to realize stepless time adjustment, to satisfy the discharge opeing requirement.

The utility model content

In order to overcome the existing deficiency that bar lifting analogue experiment installation is arranged, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device, this analogue means can not only provide the draining of rod tube annular space, the water jacket annular space is given vent to anger, the experimental system that submergence is adjusted within the specific limits in real time with lifting rate in certain altitude, and can realize lifting rate, producing fluid level, well pressure, well liquid composition and the stressed real-time monitoring of rod member, and jig frequency continuously adjustable requirement of experiment in a big way.

The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is that the height of a kind of roofbolt of exploitation and tubing string is 30m, and lifting rate is at 3～30m ³/ d has discharge capacity, pressure, air content and contains the water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device of coal powder metering system, comprises spiral bevel gear reductor, water pumper, wellhead assembly, water storage device, checkout gear, casing string, water pipe post, row adopts roofbolt and row adopts pump.The water tubing string is adopted row under the pump barrel of pump in the well below the producing fluid level, and the standing valve that can only upwards open is equipped with in the pump barrel bottom, adopts roofbolt with row plunger is lowered to pump barrel in the water pipe post, and the travelling valve that can only upwards open is housed on the plunger.Install by single crank in a side of reductor, single connecting rod, walking beam and support connect the four-bar mechanism of composition in proper order, walking beam passes through the walking beam supporting role on support, and by horse head connection driving wellhead polish rod, realize pumping of suspension point, polished rod is positioned at the top that row adopts roofbolt, be suspended on the horse head by wellhead assembly, adopt roofbolt with row and drive the plunger motion that row adopts pump, liquid in the well rod tube annular space that row adopts roofbolt and water pipe intercolumniation of flowing through is lifted to well head, and gas is discharged the water jacket annular space between water pipe post and casing string under the effect of pressure reduction.

Water pumper is the main body of surface drive, is used for rotatablely moving of engine become the reciprocating motion that row adopts roofbolt.According to the requirement of different operation conditions of coal bed gas well and stroke, the physical dimension of water pumper four-bar mechanism is optimized, to satisfy the needs of different operating modes.Water pumper adopts the mode of plural equilibrium, and crank balance adopts the single crank structure, and whole handle body is formed by urib founding, and the position of balance weight can be adjusted continuously, realizes the better balance of water pumper; Beam balance adopts adjustable structure, balance weight adopts split-type structural, be that whole balance weight is made up of the monomer balance weight that several castings form, and rely on two stay bolts that run through all balance weights to be fixed in the walking beam afterbody, when carrying out the balance adjustment, only need to increase or reduce the quantity of balance weight, can make water pumper be in equilibrium state preferably, big meaning is arranged realizing energy-conservation and alleviating workman's balancing piece labour intensity.The crank of water pumper connects with connecting rod by crank-pin, and connecting rod adopts the channel-section steel structure, and is linked together with walking beam by the crossbeam support; Crossbeam supports and adopts the positive sliding bearing structure of opposite opened two spirals, is made up of bearing cover, bearing support, subdivision bearing shell and attachment bolt, has greasy property preferably, has substituted complicated at present braced structures form; The walking beam main body adopts i-beam structure, and the horse head main body is welded by channel-section steel, can further simplify the structure of water pumper; On support, the foreleg of support and back leg and stull and diagonal brace all adopt angle steel to be welded to walking beam, and be simple in structure by the walking beam supporting role.The base designs of water pumper has track-type facilities, and this guide rail is welded by three block plates, and three block plates constitute a groove structure, is combined together with the low end face of the used i iron of base body; Simultaneously, the design of an end of base has screw rod and handle, and screw rod adopts the trapezoidal thread structure, makes the axially-movable of base generation along the guide rail direction by rotary handle, and when being convenient to workover treatment, water pumper is abdicated pithead position.

Engine provides power for water pumper, adopt engine and the electrodeless variable-speed transmission system of spiral bevel gear reductor as water pumper, one side of reductor is equipped with single crank and single bar linkage structure, and is fixed on by the frame construction that is welded by channel-section steel on the base of water pumper.This reductor integrates motor, governor and reducer, designs speed adjusting lever on its governor, by rotary handle, realizes that jig frequency is than the continuous adjustment in the big speed ratio scope.And the output torque of reductor changes according to the size of adjustment jig frequency, can satisfy the needs of small-sized water pumper output torque.

Wellhead assembly is formed by seal box, threeway, water pipe head, four-way, casing head and well head support and connection from top to bottom successively.Discoid flange had all been designed at two ends about well head supported, and fixed on the ground by stone bolt.Casing head adopts the biplate flange of plastic material, is used for realizing the fixing of casing string top, and casing head is linked together by stud and four-way and well head support.The port of threeway is connected with outlet pipe, and a port of four-way is connected with water inlet pipe, and the another port is connected with escape pipe, also can with go into tracheae and be connected.The water pipe head is used for realizing the fixing of water pipe capital end, all adopts the biplate flange arrangement with the two ends of threeway and four-way, and by Bolt Connection together.Seal box comprises gland, annular seal space and three parts of base plate, and flange plate structure has all been designed in its outer end, by Bolt Connection, moves axially gland by regulating bolt between gland and annular seal space, compresses packing in the annular seal space, realizes the sealing of wellhead assembly and polished rod; Packing adopt new and old classical V-belt all can, twine around the polished rod spiral, insert annular seal space.In the experiment, liquid in the well is discharged from the port of threeway by the conveying of rod tube annular space, enters water tank and stores, in the water jacket annular space, inject the well liquid of equal-volume identical component then by a port of four-way, in time replenish the well liquid of discharging, realize the recycling of well liquid thus, keep certain submergence, and dynamic liquid level height is constant, another port of four-way is used to discharge and the aerial gas of the supplementing water collar, and pressure gauge is installed, in real time measuring well mouth pressure value.The thick pad of 3～5mm all is installed between casing head, four-way, water pipe head and threeway is realized sealing, and adjust when making things convenient for tubing string length redundant.

Water storage device is used for storing well liquid and timely additional well liquid in well, comprises water tank, jar base, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and several parts of water valve.Water tank is welded by steel plate, and mid portion is reinforced with the mode of angle steel circumference weldering, and the main body of jar base adopts channel-section steel, and fixes on the ground with stone bolt.Outlet pipe and water inlet pipe are formed by connecting by water pipe, reducer union, 90 ° of elbows and threeway, and an end of outlet pipe is connected with water tank, and the other end is connected with the well head threeway, and an end of water inlet pipe is connected with water tank, and the other end then is connected with the well head four-way.Water valve all is installed on outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe, is used to control flow rate of liquid, so the variation of lifting rate in the simulation well, in addition, change the well flow velocity in water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, can adjust the dynamic liquid level height in the water jacket annular space.

Row adopts roofbolt and is used for water pumper and down-hole row and adopts connection between the pump, comprises that polished rod, row adopt bar, box cupling and reducing short circuit bar four parts.Row adopts the steel pole that bar adopts the solid circles section, and two ends are processed with male connection, spron and spanner square neck, and regular screw threads are adopted in male connection, are used for linking with box cupling; The spron shape is identical with escape, is used for alleviating because the stress that screw thread and changes of section cause is concentrated; The spanner square neck is made of two parallel spanner flat, when loading and unloading rows adopts bar, is used for the row of blocking to adopt bar.Polished rod is that row adopts the roofbolt top different row of one Gent and adopts bar, it is identical that its structure and size and row adopt bar, but need carry out Precision Machining, its surface finish is handled, body of rod surface roughness is not more than 3.2 μ m, does not have transverse defect and the longitudinal defect of the degree of depth greater than 0.15mm, and the interior straightness accuracy deviation of 305mm length must not be greater than 1.5mm arbitrarily on the body of rod, to realize and the cooperating of well head seal box, seal well head.Box cupling adopts the steel pipe of annular section, pipe outer wall belt spanner square neck, and inwall is processed with internal thread, and the male connection of adopting bar with polished rod and row matches.Reducing short circuit bar two ends are processed with the male connection of different size, and its upper end connects with the box cupling that row adopts the roofbolt bottom, and the lower end connects with the plunger that row adopts pump.

Water pipe post and row adopt roofbolt and form the rod tube annular space, are used for carrying liquid, carry out draining, comprise several parts of water pipe, top connection, lower contact, tail pipe, body and bottom head covers.Transparent plastic is all adopted in water pipe, top connection and lower contact, top connection and lower contact by thread connection together after, two ends are connected with water pipe again; Tail pipe is in the cavity of body, its upper end connects in turn with the bottom of pump barrel and water pipe post, the lower end is anchored on bottom head covers and body by bearing pin, is processed with the sieve aperture of different-diameter on the tube wall, is convenient to the solid particles that well liquid carries different sizes and passes; Body is positioned at the bottom of water pipe post, and flange plate structure is adopted at two ends, and the upper end is fixed on the base by double thread, and realizes sealing with pad; Column structure is adopted in the bottom head covers upper end, inserts in the inner wall of liner, and the end cap upper end is processed with five ring-shaped grooves, be used for placing zero shape rubber seal, realize the sealing of shaft bottom tail pipe, the end cap lower end is a flange plate structure, be linked together by bolt and body bottom, and realize sealing with pad.

Casing string and water pipe post constitute the water jacket annular space, casing string comprise sleeve pipe, by make, shaft bottom threeway and seal box four parts.Sleeve pipe adopts lucite pipe, by being linked together by order; The shaft bottom threeway is positioned at the bottom of casing string, its port with go into tracheae and be connected, the upper end connects with casing string by bolt, the lower end connects with the seal base and the seal body of seal box by the biplate flange, and realize sealing with pad, when sand, coal dust and gangue etc. cause the shaft bottom to take place to stop up, can clean out the solid particle of alluvial from the port of shaft bottom threeway; Seal box comprises lining, seal body, sealed packing and seal base, the sealed packing of casing string bottom seal box is inserted the annular seal space from the bottom of tail pipe, adopt rectangular seal, the cross sectional shape that it is unique makes it have good working performance and radial compensation ability; Lining adopts column structure, inserts the annular seal space from the bottom of tail pipe, and the extruding lining compresses sealed packing, realizes the sealing between shaft bottom sleeve pipe and water pipe; Be processed with a ring-shaped groove on the seal base, place zero shape rubber seal, further strengthen the sealing between threeway end face and the seal box; Discoid flange is all adopted at the two ends of seal base and seal body, and the lower end of seal body is by stud and bottom plate connecting; Base plate is fixed on the end face in shaft bottom by the frame construction that is welded by channel-section steel.In the experiment, the rerum natura of water jacket annular space distributes and to be followed successively by three sections of gas column section, air water two-phase fluid column section and water column sections from top to bottom, in the time of rod tube annular space output water, and process gas in the water jacket annular space.

Row adopts pump and is made up of pump barrel assembly, assembly for plunger and standing valve assembly.The pump barrel assembly comprises water pipe box cupling, extension nipple, pump barrel and pump barrel box cupling, water pipe box cupling and pump barrel box cupling adopt the steel pipe of annular section, inwall is processed with internal thread, and the water pipe box cupling directly is connected the lower end of mine water tubing string, row is adopted pump be fixed on the water pipe post; And pump barrel box cupling upper end connects with extension nipple and seals, and the lower end connects with pump barrel and seals; The pump barrel two ends have external screw thread, and inner wall surface is electroplated, Precision Machining then, and wear-resisting, good corrosion resistance, and cooperate with the plunger high accuracy; Each one up and down of extension nipple is connected in respectively on the pump barrel box cupling at two ends.Assembly for plunger comprises plunger and travelling valve assembly; Wherein, the travelling valve assembly is positioned at plunger upper end, comprises the valve bonnet that moves about, valve ball and valve seat move about; The screw thread of valve bonnet by two ends that move about, top connects with reducing short circuit bar, and the bottom connects with plunger, inner move about valve ball and valve seat, the sealing requirements height of move about valve ball and valve seat installed of valve bonnet; In the experiment, this travelling valve can only upwards be opened, so that the well liquid of plunger bottom in the pump barrel is in time entered in the rod tube annular space.The standing valve assembly is positioned at the lower end of pump barrel, comprise standing valve cover, fixed valve ball and valve seat, standing valve cover is fixed by locking device, fixed valve ball and valve seat are inserted in the standing valve cover, sealing requirements height between the two, in the experiment, this standing valve can only upwards be opened, and enters in the pump barrel to guarantee liquid in the water jacket annular space tail pipe of flowing through.

Checkout gear is used for finishing real-time collection, the analysis of data in the experiment and handles.Stick the foil gauge of wireless dynamic stress instrument in the upper end that each rod member of water pumper and row adopt roofbolt, the test rod member is stressed, adopt wireless dynamic stress, acceleration test instrument, measure water pumper load and displacement, rod member stress and strain and crankshaft torque etc., so that improve the design and the calculating of sucker rod pump equipment; Current transformer is blocked the power line of reductor,, test each node efficiency, balance weight adjustment and power of motor etc. with beam type water pumper partial node efficiency analysis and equilibrium state tester; Adopt laser range finder and tachometer, measure the displacement and the speed of suspension point and plunger, the inspection machine dynamic performance; In the four-way port and the threeway port, shaft bottom of wellhead assembly, the setting pressure transmitter is measured well head and bottom pressure value, the variation relation of detected pressures and production capacity; On the water inlet pipe of water storage device, electromagnetic flowmeter is installed, flow rate of liquid and lifting rate in the measuring tube; Fluid level transmitter is installed in the following place, shaft bottom of producing fluid level in the water jacket annular space, measuring liquid level, the variation of monitoring producing fluid level and submergence; Data acquisition unit and single input channel instrument are passed through serial ports, one end is connected with checkout equipment, the other end is connected with computer, test all data that collect by checkout equipment, in time import computer by data acquisition unit and single input channel instrument, after data being performed an analysis and feed back, handle accordingly.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are, roofbolt, water pipe post and casing string are adopted by the row of employing, and two annular spaces are provided, when realizing the draining of rod tube annular space, and the in-site modeling that the water jacket annular space is given vent to anger; The rerum natura distribution in-site modeling of top-down gas column, air water two-phase fluid column and water column in the water jacket annular space can be finished the experimental study of the abundant disengaging time of gas and condition in the two phase flow; The electrodeless variable-speed transmission system that adopts the spiral bevel gear reductor to constitute realizes adjustablely continuously than big speed ratio and jig frequency, in conjunction with electromagnetic flowmeter, realizes lifting rate measurement in real time and at 3～30m ³The experimental study of the kinetic characteristic and the condition of discharge of sand, coal dust and coal tar is finished in the low discharge capacity in-site modeling that/d adjusts arbitrarily; Tubing string overall height 30m by fluid level transmitter, realizes the real-time measurement of producing fluid level in the water jacket annular space and the in-site modeling that submergence is adjusted arbitrarily in 0～20m scope, finish the experimental study of pump valve unlocking condition under the low submergence; The setting pressure transmitter, measuring well mouth pressure and bottom pressure are finished the pressure-dependent gas well dynamic analysis of production capacity experimental study in real time; Adopt wireless ambulatory stress test instrument and laser range finder, finish the real-time measurement of suspending point loading, rod member stress and strain and suspension point and plunger displacement; Adopt and develop partial node efficiency analysis of beam type water pumper and equilibrium state tester voluntarily, finish the real-time testing of each node efficiency of analogue means, balance weight adjustment and power of motor; Beam counterweight adopts split-type structural, and the crank counterbalance position can be adjusted continuously, realizes the better balance of water pumper, and design has guide rail and rotary screw on the base, makes things convenient for complete machine to move, so that abdicate pithead position during well workover; Adopt integrated transmission system, and single crank, single connecting rod and sliding bearing structure, complete machine size and floor space are reduced, save cost.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further described:

Fig. 1 is the typical structure front view of the water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device that proposes according to the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the typical structure vertical view of the water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device that proposes according to the utility model.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of water pumper in the water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of wellhead assembly in the water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of shaft bottom assembly in the water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device.

1-row adopts pump among the figure, the 2-casing string, and 3-water pipe post, 4-row adopts roofbolt, the 5-wellhead assembly, 6-checkout gear, 7-water storage device, 8-water pumper, the 9-reductor, 10-support, 11-polished rod eye, 12-horse head, the 13-walking beam, the 14-beam counterweight, the 15-crossbeam supports, the 16-connecting rod, the 17-crank, 18-reductor base, 19-base, 20-guide rail, the 21-gland, 22-annular seal space, 23-base plate, 24-threeway, 25-biplate flange, 26-water pipe head, 27-four-way, 28-pressure transmitter, the 29-casing head, the 30-well head supports, 31-pump barrel, 32-pump barrel box cupling, the 33-extension nipple, 34-water pipe box cupling, 35-water pipe, 36-lower contact, the 37-top connection, the 38-sleeve pipe, 39-row adopts bar, 40-box cupling, 41-is by order, 42-reducing short circuit bar, 43-travelling valve assembly, 44-plunger, 45-standing valve assembly, the threeway of 46-shaft bottom, 47-tail pipe, the 48-sealed packing, 49-seal body, 50-lining, the 51-base plate, 52-body, 53-bottom head covers.

The specific embodiment

In Fig. 1, row adopts roofbolt 4, water pipe post 3 and casing string 2 are arranged in order outward by the lining, water tubing string 3 is adopted row under the pump barrel of pump 1 in the well below the producing fluid level, adopt roofbolt 4 with row plunger is lowered to pump barrel in the water pipe post, the water pipe post is lowered in casing string 2, form the water jacket annular space, be used to simulate air-water two phase flow, carry out gas production, row adopts roofbolt and is lowered in the water pipe post, forms the rod tube annular space, be used for carrying well liquid, the polished rod that row adopts the roofbolt upper end is suspended on by wellhead assembly 5 on the horse head of water pumper 8, by means of the quadric chain of water pumper, rotatablely moving of reductor 9 is become the reciprocating motion of suspension point.Power is adopted roofbolt 4 from ground through row and is passed to the down-hole, it is reciprocating under the drive of roofbolt to arrange the plunger of adopting pump 1, thereby the liquid in the well is delivered to the threeway of well head via the rod tube annular space, outlet pipe by water storage device 7 is delivered in the water tank and stores then, and by the timely additional well liquid in well of water tank, liquid is delivered to the four-way of well head via water inlet pipe, enter in the water jacket annular space, enter the rod tube annular space via tail pipe and pump plunger again, realize recycling and down-hole producing fluid level relatively stable of well liquid in the simulated experiment thus.In addition, reductor integrates motor, governor and reducer, guarantees in the experiment that jig frequency is than the continuous adjustment in the big speed ratio scope; Checkout gears such as wireless ambulatory stress test instrument, laser range finder, pressure transmitter, electromagnetic flowmeter, fluid level transmitter, data acquisition unit 6 guarantee real-time collection, the analysis of data in the experiment and handle.

In Fig. 1, the power supply of reductor 9 should be at first closed in workover treatment or when more water-changing tube and row adopt pump type, and the gas in the mine water collar-shaped space is extracted out, and the liquid in the well is discharged from the port of shaft bottom threeway 46, lays down original pressure in the well; Adopt roofbolt 4 from polished rod eye 11 rows of unloading then; Then, unclamp the stone bolt on the water pumper base 19,, make water pumper, abdicate pithead position along guide rail 20 segment distance that moves by the handle rotary screw; At last, unclamp the bolt that seal box connects with threeway 24 in the wellhead assembly 5, and take off seal box.

In Fig. 3, reductor 9 drives water pumper 8, the crossbeam of single crank 17, single connecting rod 16 being installed and being contained sliding bearing in a side of reductor supports 15, crank 17 connects with connecting rod 16 lower ends by crank-pin, small end and crossbeam support 15 and are linked together, single crank 17, single connecting rod 16, walking beam 13 and support 10 orders connect the four-bar mechanism of forming water pumper, and walking beam is connected with polished rod eye 11 by horse head 12 and drives well head row adopts roofbolt, realizes pumping of suspension point.The physical dimension of each member is through optimal design, adopts the plural equilibrium form of beam balance and crank balance, beam counterweight 14 employing split-type structurals, and the crank counterbalance position can adjust continuously, makes water pumper reach equilibrium state preferably thus.This water pumper carries out the stroke adjustment by the selection of crank hole, adjusts jig frequency by reductor, can realize the interior in a big way step-less adjustment that level, jig frequency are arranged of stroke.Reductor is fixed on the water pumper base 19 by reductor base 18, crossbeam supports 15 and is used for coupler link and walking beam, adopt the positive sliding bearing of opposite opened two spirals, by the cascade oiling bearing on the bearing cover, design has guide rail 20 on the base 19, by the handle rotary screw, can move whole water pumper easily.Support 10 can adopt four leg forms of anterior two legs and rear portion two legs to be fixed on the base 19, also can adopt the triskelia formula of anterior single leg and rear portion two legs to be fixed on the base, and integral layout is comparatively convenient, good stability.

In Fig. 4, seal box is positioned at the top of wellhead assembly 5, form by gland 21, annular seal space 22 and base plate 23, material selection 45 steel, by Bolt Connection, packing twines around the polished rod spiral inserts in the annular seal space 22, regulates bolt and compresses packing by gland 21 between gland and annular seal space, produce radial load, realize the sealing of well head; The structure of biplate flange 25 is all adopted at the two ends of threeway 24 and four-way 27, by Bolt Connection seal box and threeway 24 upper ends, and threeway and rod tube annular space UNICOM, in the experiment, well liquid is discharged from the port of threeway; Are in the same place by Bolt Connection in threeway lower end, water pipe head 26 and four-way 27 upper ends, four-way and water jacket annular space UNICOM, in the experiment, gas is discharged from a port of four-way, forms the gas column that flows in the well, speed by the discharge of control gas, adjust the pressure of gas column in the well,, measure surface casing pressure simultaneously at this port setting pressure transmitter 28, and the liquid in the water tank in time replenishes the well liquid of discharging from another port injection of four-way; The connecting four-way lower end, casing head 29 and well head with stud bottom and support 30 of wellhead assembly, stone bolt fixes whole wellhead assembly 5 on the ground by the flange that well head supports the lower end.

In Fig. 5, row adopts bar 39 and connects with box cupling 40 by screw thread and in a row adopt roofbolt 4, material selection 45 steel, row adopts roofbolt upper end and adopts polished rod, relies on polished rod eye 11 to be suspended on the horse head 12 of water pumper, and with the seal box fitted seal well head of wellhead assembly 5, polished rod is adopted roofbolt by the row that box cupling 40 connects the down-hole, row adopts the roofbolt lower end and by screw thread box cupling, reducing short circuit bar 42 and plunger 44 is linked together, and plunger is adopted roofbolt with row and pumped, and carries out draining.Water pipe 35 is connected into water pipe post 3 by top connection 37 and lower contact 36, adopt roofbolt with row and form the rod tube annular space, water pipe post upper end relies on the water pipe head 26 of biplate flange 25 structures to be fixed on the well head, and realize sealing, water pipe post lower end is linked together in turn by water pipe box cupling 34 and pump barrel 31 and tail pipe 47, tail pipe 47 is anchored on body 52 and bottom head covers 53 by bearing pin, and well liquid enters pump barrel and being moved in the rod tube annular space by plunger through the sieve aperture of tail pipe thus.Sleeve pipe 38 forms the water jacket annular space by by making 41 to be connected into casing string 2 with the water pipe post, and gas relies on the pressure differential in the annular space to discharge; The casing string upper end adopts the casing head 29 of biplate flange 25 structures to be fixed on the well head, the casing string lower end connects with seal box by shaft bottom threeway 46, seal box is made up of lining 50, seal body 49 and seal base, material selection 45 steel, sealed packing 48 is inserted along tail pipe 47 in the annular seal space of seal body 49, and the attachment bolt of screwing hermetic body 49 and body 52 compresses sealed packing 48 by lining 50, produce radial load, realize the sealing of water pipe post and casing string lower end; By stud seal box and body 52 are fixed on the base plate 51 together.In the experiment, gas charges into from the port of shaft bottom threeway 46, with the liquid formation air-water two phase flow in the water jacket annular space, and the gas in the in time additional gas column section, keep certain well head pressure; Under the situation that outside tail pipe 47, takes place to stop up, need open the end cap of shaft bottom threeway 46 ports, take out the solid particle of alluvial, the shaft bottom is cleaned out, cover end cap then and get final product; Alluvial solid particle and when causing holddown in the socket of tail pipe 47 need unclamp the attachment bolt of body 52 and bottom head covers 53, extracts the bearing pin that grappling is used, open bottom head covers 53, tail pipe 47 is cleaned out, cover bottom head covers then, insert bearing pin, tighting a bolt gets final product.

In Fig. 5, the pump barrel 31 that row adopts pump 1 is the lower ends that directly are connected in water pipe post 3 according to the pump setting depth of design by water pipe box cupling 34, connect with tail pipe 47 by extension nipple 33 and pump barrel box cupling 32 then, plunger 44 is then adopted roofbolt 4 with row and is lowered in the pump barrel 31, there is a cover travelling valve assembly 43 the plunger upper end, in addition, standing valve assembly 45 is fixed together by locking device and pump barrel.In the upstroke, it is up that plunger 44 is adopted roofbolt 4 with row, the following pump barrel volume of plunger increases, and pressure reduces, and travelling valve cuts out under the effect of pressure reduction up and down, and open under the submergence effect of standing valve in the water jacket annular space, well liquid flows in the pump barrel through the sieve aperture and the fixed valve hole of tail pipe 47, and simultaneously, the above well liquid of plunger and travelling valve is adopted roofbolt with row and moved upward, given rise to well head, discharged by outlet pipe.In the down stroke, plunger is descending, and the pump barrel internal pressure increases, and travelling valve is opened, and standing valve cuts out, and well liquid enters in the above rod tube annular space of plunger through travelling valve, and like this, plunger pumps once, and row adopts pump and finished a suction period.Repeat constantly to carry out with the cycle, well liquid just constantly is lifted to well head.

In Fig. 5, during operation, at first roofbolt 4 is adopted by the row of dismounting, with boom hoisting row is adopted roofbolt and take out from water pipe post 3, spanner blocks the spanner square neck that row adopts bar 39 and box cupling 40, unclamps the connection screw thread of the two, unload every joint row in turn and adopt bar, the plunger 44 of roofbolt lower end is adopted by the row of unloading at last; Then, dismounting water pipe post 3, unclamp the attachment bolt of threeway 24 and four-way 27 in the wellhead assembly 5, and unload threeway, then unclamp the bolt that body 52 connects with base plate 51 and extract bearing pin, unload body and bottom head covers 53, with boom hoisting the water pipe post is taken out from casing string 2, spanner blocks the clip of top connection 37 and lower contact 36 again, unclamps the connection screw thread of the two, unload every water saving pipe in turn, unload the pump barrel 31 and the tail pipe 47 of sewer pipe post lower end at last; Then, dismounting casing string 2 unclamps the attachment bolt of seal body 49 and shaft bottom threeway 46, take out sealed packing 48 and lining 50, unload seal box, remove base plate 51, whole casing string supports 30 fixation according to casing head 29 and well head, and the suspension status that is in the nature elongation gets final product; At last, in casing string 2, inject clear water, the tube wall of casing string is cleaned up from well head.

Claims (5)

1. water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device, comprise reductor, water pumper, wellhead assembly, water storage device, checkout gear, casing string, the water pipe post, row adopts roofbolt and row adopts pump, adopt reductor as engine and transmission system, by crank, connecting rod, walking beam and support connect the four-bar mechanism of composition in turn and realize pumping of suspension point, it is characterized in that: row adopts roofbolt, water pipe post and casing string are arranged in order outward by the lining, provide rod tube and water jacket two annular spaces, the rerum natura of water jacket annular space distributes and is followed successively by gas column from top to bottom, air water two-phase fluid column and water column; The crossbeam of single crank, single connecting rod being installed and being contained sliding bearing in a side of reductor supports, and walking beam connects by horse head and drives wellhead polish rod; The reductor that employing motor, governor and reducer are integrated in one is as the engine and the electrodeless variable-speed transmission system of experimental facilities, and reductor passes through the welded frame fixation of channel-section steel on the water pumper base; The walking beam afterbody of water pumper is equipped with balance weight, this balance weight adopts split-type structural, form by several monomer balance weights, crossbeam supports and adopts sliding bearing structure, formed by bearing cover, bearing support, subdivision bearing shell and attachment bolt, the lubricating cup that lubricating bearings is arranged on the bearing cover, guide rail and screw rod are arranged on the base of water pumper, guide rail adopts the groove structure that is made of the welding of three block plates, cooperate with the i iron end face of base body, screw rod adopts trapezoidal thread, makes base along guide rail movement by rotary screw, abdicates well head; Wellhead assembly comprises that seal box, threeway, water pipe head, four-way, casing head and well head support, the gland of seal box connects with annular seal space by bolt, the port of threeway is connected with outlet pipe, a port of four-way is connected with water inlet pipe, the another port is connected with escape pipe, also can with go into tracheae and be connected, and setting pressure meter, the water pipe head connects by the end face of bolt with threeway and four-way, and casing head supports with four-way and well head by stud and connects; Water tank is welded by steel plate, and middle angle steel with the circumference weldering is reinforced; Row adopts roofbolt and comprises that polished rod, row adopt bar, box cupling and reducing short circuit bar, row adopts bar and polished rod adopts two ends to be processed with the solid steel pole of male connection, spron and spanner square neck are arranged on it, box cupling adopts steel pipe, pipe outer wall belt spanner square neck, and inwall is processed with internal thread, the male connection of adopting bar with polished rod and row matches, there is the male connection of different size at reducing short circuit bar two ends, and the upper end connects with box cupling, and the lower end connects with plunger; Water pipe is connected with lower contact by top connection, and the sieve aperture of different-diameter is arranged on the tube wall of tail pipe, and its upper end connects with pump barrel and water pipe post, and the lower end is anchored on bottom head covers and body by bearing pin; Sleeve pipe is by being connected by order, the port of shaft bottom threeway with go into tracheae and be connected, its upper end connects with casing string by bolt, the lower end connects with the seal base and the seal body of seal box, the lower end of seal body is by stud and bottom plate connecting, and base plate passes through the welded frame fixation of channel-section steel on the end face in shaft bottom; The travelling valve assembly is positioned at the plunger upper end, and its top connects with reducing short circuit bar, and the bottom connects with plunger, and the standing valve assembly is fixed on the lower end of pump barrel by locking device; Electromagnetic flowmeter is installed on the water inlet pipe of water storage device, pressure transmitter is installed in the four-way port and the threeway port, shaft bottom of wellhead assembly, fluid level transmitter is installed in the following place, shaft bottom of producing fluid level in the water jacket annular space, stick the foil gauge of wireless dynamic stress instrument in the upper end that each rod member of water pumper and row adopt roofbolt, the test rod member is stressed.

2. water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the packing of wellhead assembly seal box adopt new and old classical V-belt all can, the sealed packing of casing string bottom seal box adopts rectangular seal.

3. water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: data acquisition unit and single input channel instrument are by serial ports, and an end is connected with checkout equipment, and the other end is connected with computer.

4. water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the support of water pumper is that four leg forms of anterior two legs and rear portion two legs are fixed on the base.

5. water drainage and gas production simulated experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the support of water pumper is that the triskelia formula of anterior single leg and rear portion two legs is fixed on the base.

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