CN110344271B - 一种防水印花布涂层工艺 - Google Patents

一种防水印花布涂层工艺 Download PDF

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CN110344271B
CN110344271B CN201910723965.6A CN201910723965A CN110344271B CN 110344271 B CN110344271 B CN 110344271B CN 201910723965 A CN201910723965 A CN 201910723965A CN 110344271 B CN110344271 B CN 110344271B
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孙新权
盛会清
汤中樑
王建新
徐宇雯
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Huzhou Wuxingda Silk Arrangement Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防水印花布涂层工艺，包括以下依次进行的步骤：a、布料染色；b、布料浸防水工作液，做防水处理；c、布料轧光；d、布料定型；e、预涂胶；f、后涂胶；g、烘干；h、热转印印花，得成品。本发明具有在保证布料水压和转印过程正常的情况下，能够得到与理想效果接近的图案，使产品更美观的特点。

Description

一种防水印花布涂层工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防水印花布涂层工艺。
背景技术
涂层布主要是指在布料的基础上采用特殊工艺涂布一层具有特殊功能的材料，使布料增加了特殊的功能。一些户外用具的布料，如帐篷布、伞布等，就是典型的防水涂层布。近年来，由于用户需求和市场竞争，防水涂层布样式越来越多，表面花纹图案也越来越美观。色彩保真的表面图案一般是通过热转印得到的。现有的涂层印花工艺是先印花后涂胶，在涂胶的过程中，布面的张力较大，布料会拉伸，后续烘干的过程中，涂胶又会促使布料收缩。虽然布料的拉伸和收缩轻微，但是两者叠加之后会使原先印花的图案走形。伞面是由多块布料拼接而成的，一旦印花图案有轻微的走形，布料拼接处的图案就无法对齐，印象伞面的美观。同时，涂胶的胶料也会渗到图案处，影响图案的色彩。
在理论上，如果是先涂胶后印花，由于印花作为末端工序，后续布料整理工序对图案几乎不会产生影响，因而印花的图案与理论十分接近，布料拼接处的图案也能对齐，保证外观良好。但是，在实际生产时，热转印的温度会达到230℃左右，这种高温会使涂好的胶软化，一方面涂料会粘到印花纸或辊上，另一方面印在布料上的图案会晕开，效果非常不理想。更重要的是，布料的水压会下降非常快。作为防水涂层布来说，水压下降了，其在户外用具上性能指标也就下降了。
因此，设计一种优良的防水印花布涂层工艺，在保证布料水压和转印过程正常的情况下，能够得到与理想效果接近的图案，使产品更美观，是本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种防水印花布涂层工艺。本发明具有在保证布料水压和转印过程正常的情况下，能够得到与理想效果接近的图案，使产品更美观的特点。
本发明的技术方案：一种防水印花布涂层工艺，包括以下依次进行的步骤：
a、布料染色；
b、布料浸防水工作液，做防水处理；
c、布料轧光；
d、布料定型；
e、预涂胶；
f、后涂胶；
g、烘干；
h、热转印印花，得成品。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，在步骤b中，所述防水工作液为防水剂的水溶液，所述防水剂按重量份计，包括以下组分：甲基纤维素15-18份，超细硅酸铝9-11份，聚乙烯醇35-48份，丙烯酸酯20-35份，甘油25-35份。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，在步骤e中，按重量份计，预涂胶的组分包括：中联剂30-40份，聚醚型多元醇100-200份，二异氰酸酯40-70份，溶剂80-150份，扩链剂5-15份，增稠剂5-8份，减磨剂10-15份，耐热剂20-30份，有机铋催化剂1-2份。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，在步骤f中，按重量份计，后涂胶的组分包括：聚醚型多元醇100-200份，二异氰酸酯40-70份，溶剂80-150份，扩链剂5-15份，增稠剂5-8份，减磨剂10-15份，耐热剂20-30份，有机铋催化剂1-2份。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，所述中联剂为聚丙烯酸酯，聚丙烯酸酯的支链为烯烃聚醚。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，所述溶剂为甲苯、丁酮、醋酸乙酯、二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或几种。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，所述扩链剂为乙二醇、丁二醇、对苯二酚二羟乙基醚中的一种或几种。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，所述增稠剂为萜烯树脂、酚醛树脂、萜烯酚醛树脂、丙烯酸酯齐聚物中的一种或几种。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，所述减磨剂为硅油、石墨、四氟乙烯中的一种或几种。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，所述耐热剂为炭黑。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，在步骤f中，烘干温度为120-140℃。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，印花的温度为220-240℃。
前述的一种防水印花布涂层工艺中，印花的速度为50-60m/min。
与现有技术相比，本发明首先具有合理配比的防水工作液，利用甲基纤维素使形成的膜具有更好的韧性和附着性能，超细硅酸铝一方面提高了整体的耐划耐擦洗性能，另一方面在膜表面形成微观的的粗糙效果，这个粗糙度有利于后续涂料的附着。
其次，预涂胶的组分中包含中联剂。中联剂适当利用体系的不相容性，主链的聚丙烯酸酯可以提高自身的流动性以及向界面的迁移性，而支链的聚醚可以提高表面能中的极性力部分，从而提高表面张力，进而提升与外部的附着力。同时，聚醚带有烯烃基团，烯烃的表面能较高，使支链的附着效果更高。由此，预涂胶这一工序是作为防水和后涂胶的中间联结，利用中联剂，使防水膜、中间涂层和外涂层三者紧密粘连，有效改善热转印时涂层与转印纸粘连的情况。
最后，本发明两道涂胶工序的主要成分均为聚氨酯，其组分中，对苯二酚二羟乙基醚扩链剂可提高热稳定性，结合耐热剂提高了整体的耐热性能；增稠剂适当提高了粘度，使涂层一体性更好，不容易被辊或转印纸带起；减磨剂降低了涂层的摩擦系数，提升耐磨性能。
由此，本发明在涂层自身具有较好耐热性能的基础上，还结合中联剂牢牢联结防水膜与两道涂层，因而使涂层支持热转印，印花完涂层仍具有完整性和功能性，有效减少了粘连、图案晕开、水压下降快等不良问题的出现，而印花图案的美观程度与现有技术相比得以提升。
综上，本发明具有在保证布料水压和转印过程正常的情况下，能够得到与理想效果接近的图案，使产品更美观的特点。此外，本发明还具有产品耐磨性较好的特点
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。
实施例一：一种防水印花布涂层工艺，包括以下依次进行的步骤：
a、布料染色，整块布料染成指定的底色。
b、布料浸防水工作液，做防水处理。按重量份计，防水工作液为防水剂和水的混合液，其中防水剂的占比为4％。防水剂包括甲基纤维素18份，超细硅酸铝11份，聚乙烯醇40份，丙烯酸酯25份，甘油30份。
c、布料轧光，温度为160℃，布料进给速度为30m/min，压力为80吨。
d、布料定型。
e、预涂胶，涂料为带中联剂的聚氨酯，按重量份计，具体组分包括：中联剂35份，聚醚型多元醇180份，二异氰酸酯60份，溶剂130份，扩链剂12份，增稠剂8份，减磨剂15份，耐热剂30份，有机铋催化剂1-2份。
f、后涂胶，涂料为聚氨酯，按重量份计，具体组分包括：中联剂35份，聚醚型多元醇180份，二异氰酸酯60份，溶剂130份，扩链剂12份，增稠剂8份，减磨剂15份，耐热剂30份，有机铋催化剂1-2份。
g、烘干，温度为120-140℃。
h、热转印，印花速度为50-60m/min，温度为230℃，得成品。
所述中联剂为聚丙烯酸酯，聚丙烯酸酯的支链为烯烃聚醚，如聚乙烯基甲醚。
所述溶剂为甲苯、丁酮、醋酸乙酯、二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或几种。所述扩链剂为对苯二酚二羟乙基醚。所述增稠剂为萜烯树脂、酚醛树脂、萜烯酚醛树脂、丙烯酸酯齐聚物中的一种或几种。所述减磨剂为硅油、石墨、四氟乙烯中的一种或几种。所述耐热剂为炭黑。
在本实施例中，预涂胶的涂胶量为20g/m2左右，后涂胶的涂胶量为50g/m2左右，得实例1。
实施例二：本实施例与实施例一的内容基本相同，区别在于，本实施例预涂胶的涂胶量为30g/m2左右，后涂胶的涂胶量为70g/m2左右，得实例2。
实施例三：本实施例与实施例一的内容基本相同，区别在于，本实施例预涂胶的涂胶量为40g/m2左右，后涂胶的涂胶量为80g/m2左右，得实例3。
再用市售的聚氨酯涂料和防水剂，采用同样的剂量，同样的工序制作三个对照组。按照国标GB/T 4744-2013测量水压，具体结构见表1。
表1试样水压检测结果表
Figure BDA0002158258420000061
根据表1可知，使用现有的工艺和材料制作的涂层布，在热转印印花前的水压与本发明产品相差无几，但是热转印之后，涂层受到破坏，水压下降的非常快，出来的产品性能也随之下降。而本发明产品在热转印后，水压虽然下降，但是下降的程度并不大，仍能保持优良的产品性能。

Claims (1)

1.一种防水印花布涂层工艺，其特征在于：包括以下依次进行的步骤：
a、布料染色；
b、布料浸防水工作液，做防水处理；
c、布料轧光；
d、布料定型；
e、预涂胶；
f、后涂胶；
g、烘干；
h、热转印印花，得成品；
在步骤b中，所述防水工作液为防水剂的水溶液，所述防水剂按重量份计，包括以下组分：甲基纤维素15-18份，超细硅酸铝9-11份，聚乙烯醇35-48份，丙烯酸酯20-35份，甘油25-35份；
在步骤e中，按重量份计，预涂胶的组分包括：中联剂30-40份，聚醚型多元醇100-200份，二异氰酸酯40-70份，溶剂80-150份，扩链剂5-15份，增稠剂5-8份，减磨剂10-15份，耐热剂20-30份，有机铋催化剂1-2份；
在步骤f中，按重量份计，后涂胶的组分包括：聚醚型多元醇100-200份，二异氰酸酯40-70份，溶剂80-150份，扩链剂5-15份，增稠剂5-8份，减磨剂10-15份，耐热剂20-30份，有机铋催化剂1-2份；
所述中联剂为聚丙烯酸酯，聚丙烯酸酯的支链为烯烃聚醚；
所述溶剂为甲苯、丁酮、醋酸乙酯、二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或几种；
所述扩链剂为乙二醇、丁二醇、对苯二酚二羟乙基醚中的一种或几种；
所述增稠剂为萜烯树脂、酚醛树脂、萜烯酚醛树脂、丙烯酸酯齐聚物中的一种或几种；
所述减磨剂为硅油、石墨、四氟乙烯中的一种或几种；
所述耐热剂为炭黑。
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