CN110343497A - 一种光伏背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶粘剂、其制备方法及光伏背板 - Google Patents
一种光伏背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶粘剂、其制备方法及光伏背板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110343497A CN110343497A CN201910687472.1A CN201910687472A CN110343497A CN 110343497 A CN110343497 A CN 110343497A CN 201910687472 A CN201910687472 A CN 201910687472A CN 110343497 A CN110343497 A CN 110343497A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- component
- photovoltaic back
- polyurethane adhesive
- adhesive
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000012940 solvent-free polyurethane adhesive Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 poly- phthalic acid neopentyl glycol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- IXAWXWACDBWEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-L C(CCCCCCC)[Sn+2]CCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].C(CCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].[Sn+4] Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC)[Sn+2]CCCCCCCC.C(CCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].C(CCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].[Sn+4] IXAWXWACDBWEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical group O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C1=NC=NC=N1 JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- CAPNUXMLPONECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical group CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(O)=O)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 CAPNUXMLPONECZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Natural products OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 8
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000002352 blister Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1CCOCCN1CCOCC1 ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007539 photo-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- BJZYYSAMLOBSDY-QMMMGPOBSA-N (2s)-2-butoxybutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCO[C@@H](CC)CO BJZYYSAMLOBSDY-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCKDPDONFMIQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diol;phthalic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O DCKDPDONFMIQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYAZLDLPUNDVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1 IYAZLDLPUNDVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQBCVRSTVUHIGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dodecanoyloxy(dioctyl)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC XQBCVRSTVUHIGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000655 anti-hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013847 iso-butane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylidene Natural products CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Substances C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4202—Two or more polyesters of different physical or chemical nature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4205—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups
- C08G18/4208—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups
- C08G18/4211—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4244—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G18/4247—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G18/425—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids the polyols containing one or two ether groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4825—Polyethers containing two hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4854—Polyethers containing oxyalkylene groups having four carbon atoms in the alkylene group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
- C08G18/751—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
- C08G18/752—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
- C08G18/753—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
- C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法。该方法使用多元醇和二异氰酸酯为基础原料，搭配触媒、抗氧化剂、光稳定剂、流平剂、硅烷偶联剂等助剂，制成双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂，使用时将两个组份按比例混合，靠相互反应形成大分子而达到交联固化目的。本发明的方法生产的双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂具有良好的接着性、耐黄变、耐水解、耐候性等特性，可满足行业加工、使用要求。可以通过湿热老化2000小时测试后，层间剥离强度仍保持在4.0N/cm以上，且没有起泡及溢胶等缺陷。且因无溶剂特性，减少VOC的产生，比市售之溶剂型胶黏剂经济效益更大，更能满足现在环保政策与消费市场对环保型产品的需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能光伏背板技术领域，具体涉及一种光伏组件背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂、其制备方法及光伏背板。
背景技术
太阳能发电是利用光电转换原理使太阳的辐射通过硅元素等半导体物质转变为电能的一种过程，这种光电转换过程通常叫做“光生伏打效应”。硅芯片等半导体组件若直接暴露于空气中，要接受高低温及水气的侵蚀，其光电转化性能容易衰减，失去使用价值。封装是太阳能电池生产中的关键步骤，太阳能电池的封装是将晶体硅片组件，上层保护材料为玻璃，下层保护材料为背板(光伏背板)，利用真空压合技术黏合为一体。
背板是光伏组件中非常重要的组成部分，用来抵御恶劣环境对组件造成伤害，确保组件使用寿命。光伏背板作为保护光伏组件的最外部材料位于太阳能电池板的背面，对电池片起保护和支撑作用，具有可靠的绝缘性、阻水性、耐老化性。目前，市面上背板大多采用多层复合结构，一般具有三层薄膜结构(PVDF/PET/PE)，太阳能电池背板的外层为耐候层，起到耐空气中水气，紫外线照射，耐风砂及耐化学品侵蚀的作用，一般为含氟薄膜，如PVF膜，PVDF膜，等具有良好的抗环境侵蚀能力，中间层为支持体PET聚脂薄膜具有良好的绝缘性能，起到绝缘和机械支撑的作用，内层PE薄膜具有良好的粘接性能。各层之间采用胶黏剂进行复合，胶黏剂在背板中起了关键性的作用，胶黏剂性能的好坏直接影响背版的使用寿命，进而影响太阳能电池组件的使用寿命。
背板虽然只占组件和电站总成本很小一部分，但起着保护组件工作25年的重要作用，所以对于背板复合材料的选择就显得尤为重要。现有光伏背板在湿热、湿冻等老化过程中，光伏背板复合膜间易出现起泡、分层、溢胶等缺陷，从而影响光伏组件使用寿命，主要原因是光伏背板胶黏剂在湿热条件下易发生水解。
目前光伏背板用胶黏剂多采用碳化二亚胺与胶黏剂水解过程中产生的羧基反应产生酰脲抑制水解，从而起到抗水解的作用。但是碳化二亚胺分子量偏低，沸点较低，长期使用及高温作用下，易从胶黏剂中向外迁移，从而影响胶黏剂的耐老化性能和粘结强度。
目前背板复合用胶黏剂多使用双组份溶剂型聚氨酯胶水，使用前必须依照比例进行配胶，涂布于基材(PET)后经烘道烘干再与各种材料(PVDF，PE)进行复合，由于含有溶剂，使用时溶剂气味造成人员身体不适，且溶剂具有易燃易爆特性，使用时易发生火灾爆炸危害，溶剂的使用造成环境污染、安全卫生危害。且该类胶水的制备过程需要经过烘干工序，设备投入大，运行费用高，尤其是在地球暖化、气候异常、能源短缺的现况下，不符合可持续发展的概念，因此，迫切需要一种取而代之的胶体和制备工艺。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种光伏组件背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂、其制备方法及光伏背板，胶粘剂具有良好的接着性、耐黄变、耐水解、耐候性等特性，使光伏组件背板材料达到较高质量水平。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂，其特征是，包括A组分和B组分，所述A组分为多元醇与二异氰酸酯反应并添加助剂制得的含有异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体，所述助剂包含触媒、抗氧剂和光稳定剂；所述B组分为多种多元醇混合物并添加助剂制得的含有羟基封端的聚合物，所述助剂包含流平剂、和硅烷偶联剂。使用时A、B组分按比例混合，相互反应交联形成大分子同时固化以达到基材间粘合的目的。
优选地，所述A组分中异氰酸酯基中的NCO基团与B组份中的OH基团摩尔比为1.3-1.7:1；所述A组分中，异氰酸酯基与多元醇中的羟基的摩尔比为2.5-5.0:1。
本发明还提供一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述A组分的制备方法为：
将一种或多种多元醇、抗氧剂投入反应釜内，其中，多元醇的选用依据接着基材的种类特性及产品特性选用搭配2-3种以适应各种不同基材接着，所述抗氧剂添加比例为A组分总重量的0.15至0.4wt％；
将反应釜中的原料加热熔融并搅拌混合均匀，升温至110-120℃，抽真空脱水，持续负压状态1-3h后充氮回复常压以卡尔费休式(Karl-Fischer)水分测定仪检测物料所含的水分值，若水分值达到300ppm(mg/kg)以下，则结束脱水，若水分值高于300ppm，则回到负压状态继续脱水；
脱水完毕后，将温度降至70-80℃并通入氮气维持反应釜微正压，依多元醇分子量计算所需消耗二异氰酸酯的当量，以多元醇当量的2.5-4.0倍投入过量二异氰酸酯及所需触媒，将搅拌反应釜升温并维持反应温度90-100℃，反应至体系内羟基反应完全，反应终点判定以检测异氰酸酯基的重量百分含量NCO％，当NCO％达到理论值以下时，向搅拌反应釜中加入光稳定剂搅拌均匀结束反应，得到无色到淡黄色透明液体产品即为A组分。其中，采用二正丁胺滴定法确定NCO％，参考标准ISO 14896。NCO％的理论值计算公式为：(二异氰酸酯NCO添加重量-多元醇消耗NCO理论重量)/反应釜内物料总重量。
本发明还提供一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述B组分的制备方法为：
将一种或多种多元醇投入搅拌反应釜内；其中，多元醇的选用依据接着基材的种类特性及产品特性选用搭配2-3种以适应各种不同基材接着；
将反应釜中的原料加热熔融并搅拌混合均匀，缓慢升温至110-120℃，抽真空脱水，持续负压状态1-3h后充氮回复常压以卡尔费休式(Karl-Fischer)水分测定仪检测物料所含的水分值，若水分值达到300ppm(mg/kg)以下，则结束脱水，若水分值高于300ppm，则回到负压状态继续脱水；
脱水完毕后，将温度降至60-70℃，加入流平剂、硅烷偶联剂搅拌均匀，得到半透明的液体即为B组分。
优选地，所述多元醇选自聚邻苯二甲酸新戊二醇酯、聚己二酸间苯二甲酸二乙二醇酯、聚己二酸三羟甲基丙烷二乙二醇酯、聚氧化丙烯二醇(polyoxypropylene glycol,PPG)、聚四亚甲基醚二醇(polytetramethylene ether glycol,PTMEG)、环氧改性多元醇、蓖麻油改性多元醇中的一种或多种；
所述二异氰酸酯为脂肪族异氰酸酯，选自六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、氢化苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)中的一种或多种。本发明所述二异氰酸酯无黄变，具有非常优异的耐老化性能、耐黄变性能、耐候性、粘度低，可制成不黄变的胶黏剂产品，有利于改善光伏组件背板耐候黄变性能。
优选地，所述A组分中，所述触媒选自二月桂酸二丁基锡(Dibutyl tindilaurate,DBTDL)、二月桂酸二辛基锡(Dioctyltin dilaurate,DOTDL)、辛酸亚锡(Stannous octoate)、双吗啉基二乙基醚(Dimorpholinodiethyl ether，DMDEE)中的一种或多种，本发明所述触媒用于促进异氰酸酯与多元醇的快速反应，基于A组份的总重量计，触媒添加量为0.05-0.1wt％。
本发明A组分含有抗氧剂、光稳定剂。有机化合物的热氧化过程是一系列的自由基链式反应，在热、光或氧的作用下，有机分子的化学键发生断裂，生成活泼的自由基和氢过氧化物。自由基可以引发一系列的自由基链式反应，导致有机化合物的结构和性质发生根本变化。抗氧剂、光稳定剂其可阻止聚氨酯树脂之热氧化、光氧化及/或由氧诱发的聚合物断链反应，以改善产品耐热氧化和光老化性能。
优选地，所述A组分中，所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂，选自β(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸季戊四醇酯(CHINOX 1010)、β(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八烷基醇酯(CHINOX 1076)、N,N’-双[β(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰]-1,6-己二胺(CHINOX1098)、1,3,5-(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基芐基)1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-三酮(CHINOX 1790)中的一种或多种，基于A组份的总重量计，抗氧剂添加量为0.15-0.4wt％；
所述光稳定剂选自2-(2’-羟基-5’甲基)-苯并三唑(CHISORB P)、2-(2’-羟基-3’,5’-二[1,1-二甲基苯基])-苯并三唑(CHISORB 234)、2-(2’-羟基-3’,5’-二叔丁基])-苯并三唑(CHISORB 320)、2-(2’-羟基-3’-异丁基,-5’-二叔丁基)-苯并三唑(CHISORB 325)、2-(2’-羟基-5’-叔辛基)-苯并三唑(CHISORB 5411)、N-(4-苯甲酸乙酯)-N’,N(甲基,苯基)甲脒(CHISORB 971)中的一种或多种，基于A组分的总重量计，所述稳定剂含量为0.15-0.4wt％。
优选地，所述B组分中，所述流平剂为丙烯酸酯类共聚物高分子，选自ADDITOL490、MODAFLOW Resin、MODAFLOW 9200中的一种或多种，基于B组份的总重量计，流平剂添加量为0.1-1.0wt％。流平剂能促使胶黏剂A、B组份混合成膜过程中形成一个平整均匀的涂膜。能有效降低胶黏剂表面张力，提高其流平性和均匀性。可改善胶黏剂对底材的湿润性，能减少上胶时产生斑点和斑痕，增加层间附着力。
优选地，所述B组分中，所述硅烷偶联剂选自CoatOSil 1770、Silquest A-1120、Silquest A-187、GX-560、GX-570中的一种或多种，基于B组份的总重量计，硅烷偶联剂添加量为2.0-5.0wt％。硅烷偶联剂能提供更佳的基材附着力，A、B组份混合后通过硅氧烷键的形成将聚合物分子连接到一起，从而产生一个三维的网状结构，提供复合材料更佳的热稳定性，抗蠕变性，抗化学性及耐候性。
本发明所述一种光伏背板用双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂可以应用于膜的层间复合，特别适用于光伏组件背板的层间复合，适用背板材料为PET、PVDF、PVF、PE、EVA等薄膜的粘接复合加工。
本发明还提供一种光伏背板，其特征是，由上至下依次包括：外层保护层PVDF薄膜、胶黏剂层、中间层PET薄膜、权利要求1或2所述的胶黏剂层、内层黏合层PE薄膜。
本发明公开的一种光伏背板复合用双组份无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂不同于市售溶剂型胶黏剂，其不含有机溶剂，避免生产与使用过程中产生的VOC问题，无气味问题，无安全环保问题，符合当前市场需求。与当前市场常用的溶剂型胶黏剂相比，其加工不需烘干，速度快，适用基材范围广，可解决市售双组分溶剂型胶黏剂的诸多问题。可广泛运用光伏背板的层间复合，适用光伏组件背板材料为PET、PVDF、THF、PVF、PE等薄膜的粘接复合加工，满足行业对耐候性、耐水解、耐老化、接着性等的要求。
本发明产品的特点是无溶剂，低黏度，加工速度快，施胶后发生的交联反应会持续数天。固化后具有优异的耐水解性能、耐湿热性能、耐老化性能及粘接强度。使用时采用无溶剂复合机，胶黏剂在自动供胶系统中维持恒温40-60℃，再经过计量泵浦计量后经静态混合器混合后使用。根据当前市场需求及政策变更，无溶剂型双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂符合市场变化趋势，据有关专家预测，今后几年无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂将成为市场主流，在光伏组件背板行业会快速发展，步替代当前光伏行业的溶剂型胶黏剂。
本发明所达到的有益效果：
(1)本发明的胶黏剂不同于市售双组分溶剂型黏剂，其不含溶剂，生产过程无溶剂味道，无安全环保问题，适用于光伏组件背板材料为PET、PVDF、PVF、PE、EVA等薄膜的粘接复合加工。
(2)本发明的胶黏剂，使用无溶剂复合机进行复合加工，工艺过程中无溶剂的使用，因此无需后续烘干，简化了工艺过程，降低了生产成本。
(3)本发明的胶黏剂采用环氧改性多元醇提升胶黏剂耐湿热老化性能，有别于市售胶黏剂使用抗水解剂碳化二亚胺改善耐水解性能。用本发明胶粘剂复合的光伏背板具有很好的耐湿热老化性能。可以通过太阳能电池行业通常采用的121℃蒸煮48HR PCT(Pressure Cooker Test)加速老化测试或2000小时“双85(85℃/85％RH)”测试后，层间剥离强度仍保持在4.0N/cm，且没有起泡及溢胶等缺陷。
(4)本发明异氰酸酯采用脂肪族二异氰酸酯，用该胶粘剂复合的光伏背板在紫外线的照射下和热的作用下不黄变，具有非常优异的耐老化性能、耐黄变性能、耐候性，有利于改善光伏组件背板耐候黄变性能。
(5)本发明含有硅烷偶联剂，通过硅氧烷键的形成将聚合物分子连接到一起，产生三维的网状结构，其提供对复合材料更佳的基材附着力，热稳定性，抗蠕变性，抗化学性及耐候性。
附图说明
图1为采用本发明所述光伏背板用双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂制备得到的光伏背板的结构示意图。
图中各标记表示为：1-外层保护层PVDF薄膜；2-胶黏剂层；3-中间层PET薄膜；4-胶黏剂层；5-内层黏合层PE薄膜。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：
A组分包括：聚邻苯二甲酸新戊二醇酯YA-7810，分子量1000；聚氧化丙烯二醇PPG，分子量1000；聚四亚甲基醚二醇PTMG，分子量1000；异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯IPDI；抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂CHINOX 1010；光稳定剂为2-(2’-羟基-5’甲基)-苯并三唑(CHISORB P)；触媒为二月桂酸二辛基锡。
B组分包括：聚己二酸间苯二甲酸二乙二醇酯K-4510，分子量1000；聚己二酸三羟甲基丙烷二乙二醇酯C-70NV，分子量1000，官能度2.6；硅烷偶联剂GX-560；流平剂为丙烯酸酯类共聚物高分子MODAFLOW Resin。
A组分制备：
1)向反应釜中投入聚邻苯二甲酸新戊二醇酯170g、聚氧化丙烯二醇225g、聚四亚甲基醚二醇100g、抗氧剂1.8g。
2)将反应釜中的原料加热熔化并搅拌混合均匀，缓慢加热使料温达到110-120℃，抽真空将反应釜中的真空度降至50torr以下，然后开始脱水，持续负压状态1-3h后充氮回复常压检测物料所含的水分值，若水分值达到300ppm以下，则结束脱水，若水分值高于300ppm，则回到负压状态继续脱水；
3)脱水完毕，通入氮气维持反应釜微正压，并降温至70-80℃，按照NCO/OH＝3:1加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯330.1g，将反应釜升温并维持反应温度90-100℃，保温反应时间2h加入触媒0.5g，再持续反应2h后每隔一段时间(20-30min)取样检测异氰酸酯基的重量百分含量NCO％，当NCO％达到理论值以下时，加入光稳定剂1.5g搅拌均匀得到A组分，A组分黏度为5000-7000mPa·s/25℃，NCO％＝9.5-10.0％。
B组分制备：
1)向反应釜中投入聚己二酸三羟甲基丙烷二乙二醇酯400g、聚己二酸间苯二甲酸二乙二醇酯600g，将原料加热熔化并搅拌混合均匀，加热使料温达到110-120℃，抽真空脱水至原料含水率在300ppm以下。
2)并降温至60-70℃，加入硅烷偶联剂30g，流平剂1.5g搅拌混合均匀，得到B组分，B组分黏度为4000-6000mPa·s/25℃。
上述A、B组分使用时采用无溶剂复合机，胶黏剂在自动供胶系统中维持恒温40-60℃，再经过计量泵浦计量后经静态混合器混合后使用。按照基团摩尔比NCO:OH＝1.3～1.7:1混合均匀，涂布于中间层PET薄膜基材上，再与外层保护层PVDF氟膜或内层黏合层PE薄膜复合，在50℃下熟成96h成光伏背板。
采用上述胶黏剂复合而成的光伏背板(PVDF/PET/PE)，如图1所示，依序为外层保护层PVDF薄膜1；胶黏剂层2；中间层PET薄膜3；胶黏剂层4；内层黏合层PE薄膜5。对复合膜进行121℃蒸煮48HR PCT(Pressure Cooker Test)加速老化试验或2000小时“双85(85℃/85％RH)”测试后，层间剥离强度仍保持在4.0N/cm以上，150℃加热30分钟没有起泡及溢胶等缺陷。
实施例2：
本实施例与实施例1制程相同，区别之处在于：A组分使用聚邻苯二甲酸新戊二醇酯YA-7810，分子量1000；聚氧化丙烯二醇PPG，分子量400；环氧改性多元醇，分子量500；异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯IPDI；抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂CHINOX 1010；光稳定剂为2-(2’-羟基-5’甲基)-苯并三唑(CHISORB P)；触媒为二月桂酸二辛基锡。B组分包括：蓖麻油改性多元醇，分子量950，官能度2.7，聚氧化丙烯二醇PPG，分子量1000，硅烷偶联剂Silquest A-187，流平剂为丙烯酸酯类共聚物MODAFLOW 9200。
本实施例产品基本配方如下(重量比)：
表1实施例2A组分基本配方
表2实施例2B组分基本配方
| 配方 | 重量 |
| 蓖麻油改性多元醇 | 700 |
| 聚氧化丙烯二醇 | 300 |
| 硅烷偶联剂 | 45 |
| 流平剂 | 1.3 |
实施例3：
本实施例与实施例1、2制程相同，区别之处在于：A组分使用聚邻苯二甲酸新戊二醇酯YA-7810，分子量1000；聚氧化丙烯二醇PPG，分子量1000；环氧改性多元醇，分子量500；异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯IPDI；抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂CHINOX 1010；光稳定剂为2-(2’-羟基-5’甲基)-苯并三唑(CHISORB P)；触媒为二月桂酸二辛基锡。B组分与实施例2相同。
本实施例产品基本配方如下(重量比)：
表3实施例3A组分基本配方
对实施例1-3所制得的产品接着老化性能数据分析见表4。由表4可见，使用实施例1-3所制得的胶黏剂产品接着后膜材经121℃蒸煮48HR PCT加速老化试验或2000小时湿热老化“双85(85℃/85％RH)”测试后，检测接着剥离强度仍保持在4.0N/cm以上，及150℃加热30分钟外观测试没有起泡及溢胶等缺陷。显示产品具有良好耐水解性能、耐湿热老化性能及粘接强度，特别适用光伏背板复合加工，制成品使用年限长。
表4实施例1-3产品接着老化性能测试结果
综上所述，本发明一种光伏组件背板用双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂产品的固含量为100％，有别于目前市场常用的双组份溶剂型聚氨酯胶黏剂，具有无溶剂特点，更符合环保要求，及无溶剂使用火灾爆炸风险，应用前景良好。同时，该产品具有优良的接着牢度，及耐湿热老化性能，耐候性、耐水解老化性能，适用于光伏背板复合，制成品具有优良耐用性。
本发明中各测定项目依照以下标准执行：
NCO％测定：采用二正丁胺滴定法确定，其检测标准依据ISO 14896建立。
含水率测定：以卡尔费休式(Karl-Fischer)水分测定仪检测物料所含的水分值。
剥离强度测定：参考GB/T 2790-1995胶黏剂180°剥离强度试验方法进行测试。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂，其特征是，包括A组分和B组分，所述A组分为多元醇与二异氰酸酯反应并添加助剂制得的含有异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯预聚体，所述助剂包含触媒、抗氧剂和光稳定剂；所述B组分为多种多元醇混合物并添加助剂制得的含有羟基封端的聚合物，所述助剂包含流平剂、和硅烷偶联剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂，其特征是，所述A组分中异氰酸酯基中的NCO基团与B组份中的OH基团摩尔比为1.3-1.7:1；所述A组分中，异氰酸酯基与多元醇中的羟基的摩尔比为2.5-5.0:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述A组分的制备方法为：
将一种或多种多元醇、抗氧剂投入反应釜内；
将反应釜中的原料加热熔融并搅拌混合均匀，升温至110-120℃，抽真空脱水；
脱水完毕后，将温度降至70-80℃并通入氮气维持反应釜微正压，投入二异氰酸酯及所需触媒，将搅拌反应釜升温并维持反应温度90-100℃，反应至体系内羟基反应完全，向搅拌反应釜中加入光稳定剂搅拌均匀结束反应，得到A组分。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法，其特征是，所述B组分的制备方法为：
将一种或多种多元醇投入搅拌反应釜内；
将反应釜中的原料加热熔融并搅拌混合均匀，缓慢升温至110-120℃，抽真空脱水；
脱水完毕后，将温度降至60-70℃，加入流平剂、硅烷偶联剂搅拌均匀，得到B组分。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂或其制备方法，其特征是，所述多元醇选自聚邻苯二甲酸新戊二醇酯、聚己二酸间苯二甲酸二乙二醇酯、聚己二酸三羟甲基丙烷二乙二醇酯、聚氧化丙烯二醇、聚四亚甲基醚二醇、环氧改性多元醇、蓖麻油改性多元醇中的一种或多种；所述二异氰酸酯选自六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、氢化苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂或其制备方法，其特征是，所述A组分中，所述触媒选自二月桂酸二丁基锡、二月桂酸二辛基锡、辛酸亚锡、双吗啉基二乙基醚中的一种或多种，基于A组份的总重量计，触媒添加量为0.05-0.1wt%。
7.根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂或其制备方法，其特征是，所述A组分中，所述抗氧剂选自β(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸季戊四醇酯、β(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八烷基醇酯、N,N’-双[β(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰]-1,6-己二胺、1,3,5-(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基芐基)1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-三酮中的一种或多种，基于A组份的总重量计，抗氧剂添加量为0.15-0.4 wt%；所述光稳定剂选自2-(2’-羟基-5’甲基)-苯并三唑、2-(2’-羟基-3’,5’-二[1,1-二甲基苯基])-苯并三唑、2-(2’-羟基-3’,5’-二叔丁基])-苯并三唑、2-(2’-羟基-3’-异丁基,-5’-二叔丁基)-苯并三唑、2-(2’-羟基-5’-叔辛基)-苯并三唑、N-(4-苯甲酸乙酯)-N’,N(甲基,苯基)甲脒中的一种或多种，基于A组分的总重量计，所述稳定剂含量为0.15-0.4 wt%。
8.根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂或其制备方法，其特征是，所述B组分中，所述流平剂选自ADDITOL 490、MODAFLOW Resin、MODAFLOW9200中的一种或多种，基于B组份的总重量计，流平剂添加量为0.1-1.0 wt%。
9.根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的一种光伏背板用双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂或其制备方法，其特征是，所述B组分中，所述硅烷偶联剂选自CoatOSil 1770、Silquest A-1120、Silquest A-187、GX-560、GX-570中的一种或多种，基于B组份的总重量计，硅烷偶联剂添加量为2.0-5.0 wt%。
10.一种光伏背板，其特征是，由上至下依次包括：外层保护层PVDF薄膜、权利要求1或2所述的胶黏剂层、中间层PET 薄膜、权利要求1或2所述的胶黏剂层、内层黏合层PE薄膜。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910687472.1A CN110343497A (zh) | 2019-07-24 | 2019-07-24 | 一种光伏背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶粘剂、其制备方法及光伏背板 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910687472.1A CN110343497A (zh) | 2019-07-24 | 2019-07-24 | 一种光伏背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶粘剂、其制备方法及光伏背板 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110343497A true CN110343497A (zh) | 2019-10-18 |
Family
ID=68180542
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910687472.1A Pending CN110343497A (zh) | 2019-07-24 | 2019-07-24 | 一种光伏背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶粘剂、其制备方法及光伏背板 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110343497A (zh) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111320947A (zh) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-23 | 广东新辉化学有限公司 | 一种太阳能背板复膜胶及其膜制备方法 |
| CN111500245A (zh) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-07 | 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 | 一种太阳能背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法 |
| CN112786724A (zh) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-11 | 浙江歌瑞新材料有限公司 | 一种高耐候性、低水汽透过率的透明光伏背板 |
| CN113046003A (zh) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-29 | 常州浩阳新材料科技有限公司 | 一种用于复合太阳能电池背板的水性胶黏剂及其复合方法 |
| CN114163965A (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-11 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | 一种太阳能背板用双组分无溶剂聚氨酯胶粘剂 |
| CN116200161A (zh) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-06-02 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | 一种无溶剂太阳能电池背板用胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212326A (zh) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-10-12 | 东莞市普赛达密封粘胶有限公司 | 一种双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN103820069A (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-05-28 | 新东方油墨有限公司 | 双组分无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法 |
| CN104804698A (zh) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-29 | 武汉戴尔惠科技有限公司 | 一种太阳能背板用双组分复合胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105524588A (zh) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-27 | 巨化集团技术中心 | 一种太阳能背板用无溶剂复合粘结剂及其制备方法 |
| CN108329883A (zh) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-27 | 上海华峰新材料研发科技有限公司 | 快干型无溶剂类聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
| CN109370500A (zh) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-02-22 | 中山大学 | 一种聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
| CN109370504A (zh) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-02-22 | 高鼎精细化工(昆山)有限公司 | 一种光伏组件背板复合用单组份无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂及制备方法 |
| CN109735286A (zh) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-10 | 三友（天津）高分子技术有限公司 | 一种双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-07-24 CN CN201910687472.1A patent/CN110343497A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102212326A (zh) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-10-12 | 东莞市普赛达密封粘胶有限公司 | 一种双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN103820069A (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-05-28 | 新东方油墨有限公司 | 双组分无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法 |
| CN104804698A (zh) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-29 | 武汉戴尔惠科技有限公司 | 一种太阳能背板用双组分复合胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105524588A (zh) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-27 | 巨化集团技术中心 | 一种太阳能背板用无溶剂复合粘结剂及其制备方法 |
| CN108329883A (zh) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-27 | 上海华峰新材料研发科技有限公司 | 快干型无溶剂类聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
| CN109370500A (zh) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-02-22 | 中山大学 | 一种聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
| CN109370504A (zh) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-02-22 | 高鼎精细化工(昆山)有限公司 | 一种光伏组件背板复合用单组份无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂及制备方法 |
| CN109735286A (zh) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-10 | 三友（天津）高分子技术有限公司 | 一种双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111320947A (zh) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-23 | 广东新辉化学有限公司 | 一种太阳能背板复膜胶及其膜制备方法 |
| CN111500245A (zh) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-07 | 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 | 一种太阳能背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法 |
| CN112786724A (zh) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-11 | 浙江歌瑞新材料有限公司 | 一种高耐候性、低水汽透过率的透明光伏背板 |
| CN113046003A (zh) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-29 | 常州浩阳新材料科技有限公司 | 一种用于复合太阳能电池背板的水性胶黏剂及其复合方法 |
| CN114163965A (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-11 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | 一种太阳能背板用双组分无溶剂聚氨酯胶粘剂 |
| CN116200161A (zh) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-06-02 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | 一种无溶剂太阳能电池背板用胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110343497A (zh) | 一种光伏背板用无溶剂聚氨酯胶粘剂、其制备方法及光伏背板 | |
| CN105295815B (zh) | 一种反光面料用反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法 | |
| CN102633983B (zh) | 一种硅氧烷封端的有机硅嵌段聚氨酯预聚体制备方法 | |
| CN101962524B (zh) | 一种水性聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 | |
| CN104804698B (zh) | 一种太阳能背板用双组分复合胶粘剂及其制备方法 | |
| CN107090268A (zh) | 面料复合用高透湿单组份聚氨酯热熔胶粘剂及其制备方法 | |
| CN109370504A (zh) | 一种光伏组件背板复合用单组份无溶剂聚氨酯胶黏剂及制备方法 | |
| CN102604042B (zh) | 一种用于转移镀铝的水性阳离子聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法 | |
| CN105131896A (zh) | 一种可实现快速定位的聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法 | |
| CN107384277A (zh) | 用于太阳能背板多层膜粘结的双组分胶黏剂 | |
| CN113462341B (zh) | 一种双组分无溶剂反应型聚氨酯热熔胶 | |
| CN107353859A (zh) | 一种复合型光伏背板用绝缘胶粘剂材料及应用 | |
| CN107502273A (zh) | 一种无溶剂双固化聚氨酯粘合剂的制备 | |
| CN110257000A (zh) | 一种太阳能光伏组件背板用胶黏剂及其制备方法 | |
| CN109517573A (zh) | 用于sbr面料贴合的热熔聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 | |
| JPH11131045A (ja) | ラミネート用接着剤 | |
| CN113402963B (zh) | 一种聚氨酯玻璃底涂剂及其制备方法 | |
| CN109456726A (zh) | 一种石塑地板静音垫复合用反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及制备方法 | |
| AU3896501A (en) | Hot melt adhesive | |
| CN110819288B (zh) | 一种高透湿反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法 | |
| CN111826113A (zh) | 一种纸塑覆膜湿气固化反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法 | |
| CN111349416A (zh) | 一种汽车内饰用反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法 | |
| CN110791247A (zh) | 一种太阳能电池背板胶黏剂树脂及其制备方法 | |
| CN112812728B (zh) | 聚氨酯粘结剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN116200161A (zh) | 一种无溶剂太阳能电池背板用胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20191018 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |