CN110317219B - 一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,该探针通过监测γ‑谷酰胺转移酶的活性达到区分胶质瘤与正常脑组织的目的。γ‑谷酰胺转移酶作为一个重要的生物标记物,在胶质瘤中过表达,但是正常脑组织中含量低,因此通过对γ‑谷酰胺转移酶活性的跟踪检测,可快速区分胶质瘤与正常脑组织。癌细胞中过表达的γ‑谷酰胺转移酶可特异性的催化裂解本发明的荧光探针的γ‑谷酰胺键,从而引起探针发光性质的变化,正是γ‑谷酰胺转移酶触发的发光性能的变化使得该类探针可快速区分癌细胞与正常细胞。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于精准医学领域中的诊断试剂开发,涉及一种肿瘤精准检测荧光探针,具体涉及一种通过监测肿瘤中富含的γ-谷酰胺转移酶活性实现胶质瘤边界区分的荧光探针的制备和应用。
背景技术
胶质瘤边界的区分在医学中具有非常重要的地位,可以知道脑外科医生进行精准手术切除胶质瘤,并能最大程度保护正常脑组织。研究发现γ-谷酰胺转移酶(GGT)在生物体的新陈代谢过程中扮演着非常重要的角色。同时,GGT作为一个重要的生物标记物,在胶质瘤细胞膜中过表达,但是正常细胞中含量低,因此通过对GGT活性的跟踪检测,可快速诊断胶质瘤。根据GGT可特异性催化裂解γ-谷酰胺键的特点,可设计合成基于监测GGT酶活性进而检测肿瘤的荧光探针。本发明创新性的设计合成了包含BODIPY荧光染料与GGT特异性底物的荧光探针。癌细胞中过表达的GGT可特异性的催化裂解底物中的γ-谷酰胺键,导致S-BODIPY转化为N-BODIPY,从而引起探针发光性质的变化,正是GGT触发的发光性能的变化使得该类探针可快速区分癌细胞与正常细胞。
本发明独创性的设计合成了几个能够监测GGT酶活性的荧光探针,根据GGT酶在肿瘤组织、正常组织活性的不同实现边界区分。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明第一个目的是提供一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针。
本发明第二个目的是提供一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针的制备方法。
本发明第三个目的是提供一种通过监测γ-谷酰胺转移酶的活性来实现胶质瘤边界区分的具体用途。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明独创性的设计合成了几个能够监测GGT酶活性的荧光探针。
一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,其特征在于,具有如下结构式:
其中,R1为上式所示的电子受体功能团,R2是甘氨酸或者羟基取代基。
进一步,上述化合物结构中应有电子受体功能团,可以调节荧光探针的反应动力学。
根据本发明所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,酶的识别位点是含有γ-谷酰胺键的功能团。
根据本发明所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,谷氨酸中的γ-羧基与氨基成酰胺键。
根据本发明所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,被裂解的谷酰胺键与硫原子必须处于合适位置。
根据本发明所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,在γ-谷酰胺转移酶作用下,发生分子内的亲核取代反应,由硫取代化合物变为氮取代化合物:
本发明还提供一种所述适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针的用途在于γ-谷酰胺转移酶可以触发荧光探针发光性能的变化,进而快速区分癌细胞与正常细胞,从而可以区分胶质瘤边界。
本发明还提供一种所述适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针的制备方法,基于BODIPY染料的,其合成经过吡咯分子的缩合反应,硼原子的配位等过程;
其合成路线为:
其中,可以通过调节电子受体单元R1得到一系列具有不同反应活性的荧光探针;可通过调节GGT酶的识别位点(改变R2),达到特异性检测的目的。
本发明还提供一种所述适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针在制备用于监测γ-谷酰胺转移酶活性的荧光探针上的应用。
本发明还提供一种所述适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针在制备用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针上的应用。
本发明其中一个实例的荧光探针的合成方法:
本发明适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,该探针通过监测γ-谷酰胺转移酶的活性达到区分胶质瘤与正常脑组织的目的。本发明还公开了该类化合物作为荧光探针在胶质瘤边界区分中的具体用途。γ-谷酰胺转移酶作为一个重要的生物标记物,在胶质瘤中过表达,但是正常脑组织中含量低,因此通过对γ-谷酰胺转移酶活性的跟踪检测,可快速区分胶质瘤与正常脑组织。癌细胞中过表达的γ-谷酰胺转移酶可特异性的催化裂解本发明的荧光探针的γ-谷酰胺键,从而引起探针发光性质的变化,正是γ-谷酰胺转移酶触发的发光性能的变化使得该类探针可快速区分癌细胞与正常细胞。因此本发明是基于根据胶质瘤与正常脑组织中γ-谷酰胺转移酶表达含量的不同,而构建的监测γ-谷酰胺转移酶活性的荧光探针,进而达到肿瘤检测与区分。
本发明同现有技术相比,具有以下优点和有益效果:
本发明是基于BODIPY染料的荧光探针,具有易修饰、合成简单等特点。
本发明是基于GGT酶活性检测的荧光探针,具有特异性高的特点;本发明的荧光探针可用于临床表本中胶质瘤边界的确定,具有实用强的特点。
附图说明
图1是荧光探针在GGT酶存在下吸收光谱(a)与荧光光谱(b)变化情况。吸收发光光谱表明GGT酶可以荧光探针光谱的显著变化。
图2是荧光探针针对GGT酶的特异性响应。表明荧光探针只有在GGT酶的存在下发生显著荧光变化;不受其它相关酶的干扰。
图3是荧光探针在胶质瘤细胞中对GGT酶的成像示踪。包括绿色通道荧光成像,红色通道荧光成像,及绿色与红色通道复合图。图示表明高表达GGT酶的肿瘤细胞显示强的绿色荧光以及微弱的红色荧光;而GGT活性低的正常细胞显示弱的绿色荧光以及强的红色荧光。
图4是荧光探针在临床标本胶质瘤边界区分中的应用;可以明确给出不同恶性程度的胶质瘤与正常脑组织的边界。根据荧光亮度的不同可以描绘肿瘤与浸润区、正常组织间的边界(白色实线)。荧光亮度的不同是有GGT酶的表达量决定的。
图5是荧光探针的氢谱。
图6是荧光探针的高分辨率质谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,本领域技术人员应当理解,所述实施例仅用于示例,而不对本发明构成任何限制。
术语:
Absorption(a.u.)为吸收值
FLintensity(a.u.)荧光强度
Wavelength(nm)波长(纳米)
I585/I610荧光发射强度在585纳米与6110纳米处的比值
Time(min)时间(分钟)
U251胶质瘤U251细胞株
U87胶质瘤U87细胞株
Astrocyte星型细胞
Bright亮场
Red红色通道
Green绿色通道
Merged复合颜色
II二级胶质瘤
III三级胶质瘤
IV四级胶质瘤
Neuronavigation神经导航系统
BODIPY染料为氟硼二吡咯(BODIPY)染料
实施例1化合物1的合成
称取(4-氰苄基)三苯基氯化膦5g(12.08mmol),加入150mL新制THF中,再加入NaH0.483g(12.08mmol),氩气保护下室温搅拌0.5小时,加入2-吡咯甲醛(12.08mmol),体系升温至85℃,12小时后结束反应,除去不溶性固体,液体加硅胶旋干上柱,洗脱剂PE:DCM=8:1至7:1,梯度洗脱,得到化合物1(1.29g),产率55%。
实施例2化合物2的合成
称取苯甲酰吡咯氯400mg(2mmol),冰浴下,加入4mLPOCl3化合物3194mg(1mmol),搅拌0.5小时,再在室温下搅拌12小时,将化合物31.94g(1mmol)溶于20mL 1,2-二氯乙烷中,迅速加入上述体系中,85℃下回流0.5小时,TLC检测反应进度,结束反应,体系冷却至室温,加入二氯甲烷,冰浴条件下滴加饱和碳酸氢钠淬灭POCl3,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机溶剂,得到化合物2粗产物,准备投入下一步反应。
实施例3化合物3的合成
化合物2粗产物用80ml重蒸二氯甲烷溶解,冰浴下,先加入0.5mL三乙胺,搅拌15min,再加入1mL三氟化硼乙醚,搅拌15min,撤去冰浴,室温搅拌5小时,TLC检测反应进度,反应结束后水洗2至3次,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,加硅胶旋干上柱,PE:EA=30:1,20:1,10:1梯度洗脱,得到产物535mg,产率8%。
实施例4化合物probe的合成
称取20mg化合物3,加入150mL乙腈-PBS缓冲液(乙腈:PBS=1:1,pH=7.40)中,再加入130mg谷胱甘肽,38至41℃下搅拌12小时,TLC监测反应进度。反应结束后,旋去乙腈,再离心得到粗产物,少量水,二氯甲烷洗2至3次,得到的黏状固体用甲醇溶解,抽滤除去不溶性固体,旋干液体得到最终产物621mg,产率64%。其结构确认见附图5(氢谱)和附图6(质谱)。
本发明所附效果图1-4为本发明制备例中所制备的化合物probe的效果图,本发明要求保护的其他3个探针也具有相同或类似作用和功能,这里不再赘述。
Claims (8)
2.根据权利要求1所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,其特征在于,化合物结构中有电子受体功能团,调节荧光探针的反应动力学。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,其特征在于,酶的识别位点是含有γ-谷酰胺键的功能团。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,其特征在于,谷氨酸中的γ-羧基与氨基成酰胺键。
5.一种权利要求1至4任一所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针,其特征在于,在γ-谷酰胺转移酶作用下,发生分子内的亲核取代反应,由硫取代化合物变为氮取代化合物。
7.一种权利要求1至4任一项所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针在制备用于监测γ-谷酰胺转移酶活性的荧光探针上的应用。
8.一种权利要求1至4任一项所述一种适用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针在制备用于区分胶质瘤边界的荧光探针上的应用。
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