CN110294834A - 一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN110294834A
CN110294834A CN201910425036.7A CN201910425036A CN110294834A CN 110294834 A CN110294834 A CN 110294834A CN 201910425036 A CN201910425036 A CN 201910425036A CN 110294834 A CN110294834 A CN 110294834A
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polyurethane foam
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周广林
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Zhaoqing Supreme Plastic Hardware Products Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法和应用,涉及高分子材料领域。该聚氨酯发泡材料包括以下原料组成:聚醚多元醇58~62份,聚酯多元醇18~22份,聚合物多元醇18~22份,胺类催化剂0.4~1.6份,交联剂0.6~1.0份,异氰酸酯21.8~27.2份。本发明的聚氨酯发泡材料具有耐拉性能强的优点。

Description

一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料领域,特别是涉及一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
聚氨酯材料具有抗震、绝缘、防水、轻质等特点,在国民经济各领域具有广阔的应用前景。随着人们生活水平的提升,儿童玩具的需求量的逐年增长,玩具的重要材料——聚氨酯发泡材料在玩具制作领域需求量也不断增大。但是现有的聚氨酯发泡玩具耐拉性能较差,儿童在玩耍时可将其扯断,低龄儿童容易误食,存在较大的安全隐患。
发明内容
基于此,有必要针对现有的玩具用聚氨酯发泡材料耐拉性能低的问题,提供一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料。
一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,包括以下重量份的原料组成:
A组分:
B组分:
异氰酸酯 21.8~27.2份。
上述聚氨酯发泡材料,采用聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚合物多元醇作为原料,与异氰酸酯反应生成,采用聚酯多元醇具有高羟值,得到的产品具有较强的耐拉性能,用于制作玩具不易被扯断,提高了产品质量,避儿童免误食。
在其中一个实施例中,A组分中还包括0.1~0.3份水。
在其中一个实施例中,所述聚醚多元醇选自:GER-330N、聚丙烯类醇中的一种或两种。其中GER-330N(句容宁武新材料有限公司,200KG/桶)是一种以甘油为起始剂,以环氧丙烷、环氧乙烷为聚合单体,以环氧乙烷封端,含有较高伯羟基活性成份的聚醚多元醇,分子量达到4800。聚醚多元醇与接枝聚醚(聚合物多元醇)配合使用,可制得耐拉性能优异的泡沫材料。
在其中一个实施例中,所述聚酯多元醇为RA-55,所述聚合物多元醇为GPOP-3630。其中,RA-55(淄博瑞诺化工科技有限公司,50KG/桶)是由己二酸与一缩二乙二醇在高温条件下缩聚而成的聚酯多元醇,含有较高伯羟基活性成份,分子量达到2000,化学式如式1所示。GPOP-3630(句容宁武新材料有限公司,200KG/桶)是由GEP-330N、丙烯氰和苯乙烯反应精制而成的聚合物多元醇,可以明显提高泡沫塑料的承载能力。
在其中一个实施例中,所述胺类催化剂选自:33LV、PC-41、ZR-70中的一种或多种。其中,33LV、PC-41、ZR-70均购于东莞广思远聚氨酯材料有限公司,规格分别为200KG/桶、170KG/桶和191KG/桶。
在其中一个实施例中,所述交联剂为二乙醇胺。
在其中一个实施例中,所述异氰酸酯为PM200和MM103C的混合物,PM200和MM103C的重量比为100:17.5。
其中,PM200为万华化学股份有限公式250KG/桶的异氰酸酯;PM200是多芳基多亚甲基异氰酸酯(PAPI),其化学式如式2所示:
其中,n为≥0的整数,其中-C6H4-代表苯环。
PM200为含有不同官能度的混合物,其中单体MDI(n=0的二异氰酸酯)占混合物总量50%左右,其余为n=3~6的低聚异氰酸酯。
MM103C为万华化学股份有限公式240KG/桶的异氰酸酯,属于改性液化MDI,NCO含量为29.5%,标称官能度为2.0,25℃粘度为50MPa·s。MM103C包括:L-MDI(<50wt%)、MDI(>50wt%)、PAPI(<5wt%)。L-MDI为改性MDI,化学式如式3所示;MDI的化学式如式4所示。
NCO-C6H4-CH2-C6H4-N=C=N-C6H4-CH2-C6H4-NCO (式3)
NCO-C6H4-CH2-C6H4-NCO (式4)
本发明一方面还包括上述聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
混合:将A组分和B组分原料分别混合均匀;
反应:使A组分原料和B组分原料混合、反应,即得聚氨酯发泡材料。
上述制备方法,得到的聚氨酯发泡材料具有耐拉性能强的特点。
在其中一个实施例中,所述混合步骤具体为:将A组分原料加入到搅拌釜A中,搅拌0.5~1.5h,将B组分原料加入到搅拌釜B中,搅拌0.5~1.5h;
所述反应步骤具体为:将A组分原料加入到发泡剂的储物料缸A中,将B组分原料加入到发泡剂的储物料缸B中,通过发泡机将A组分原料和B组分原料均匀注入到模具中进行反应。
本发明一方面还包括上述聚氨酯发泡材料在制作聚氨酯发泡玩具中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明的聚氨酯发泡材料,选用了特定的A组分原料和B组分原料,得到的产品具有较强的耐拉性能,耐拉了力值达到19.98~25.72kg/cm3,而且还具有较好的耐扭力性能,用于制作玩具不易被扯断,提高了产品质量,避免儿童误食。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下面将结合较佳的实施例对本发明进行更全面的描述。但是,本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地,提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。
实施例1
一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,包括以下重量份的原料:
A组分:
B组分:
PM200 21.8份;
MM103C 3.8份。
上述聚氨酯发泡材料通过以下制备方法得到:
(1)混合:将A组分原料加入到搅拌釜A中,搅拌1h,将B组分原料加入到搅拌釜B中,搅拌1h;
(2)反应:将A组分原料加入到发泡剂的储物料缸A中,将B组分原料加入到发泡剂的储物料缸B中,通过发泡机将A组分原料和B组分原料均匀注入到玩具模具中进行反应,成型后得到聚氨酯发泡材料玩具。
实施例2
一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,原料重量份数为:
A组分:
B组分:
PM200 22份;
MM103C 5份。
实施例3
一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,原料重量份数为:
A组分:
B组分:
PM200 19份;
MM103C 3.4份。
对比例1
一种聚氨酯发泡材料,与实施例1的原料组成和制备方法基本相同,区别在于:A组原料中未添加聚合物多元醇。
实验例
将实施例1和对比例1的产品(发泡材料玩具)置于在不同的温度环境下测试其拉伸性能和老化性能,该测试分为三种环境,即室温、高温、高低温,环境湿度均为50%。室温测试即将产品放置于22℃环境中,48h后测试产品的拉伸性能;高温测试即将产品放置于57±3℃环境下,48h后测试产品的拉伸性能;高低温测试即将产品先后置于-18±2℃4h、23±2℃4h、57±3℃4h环境,完成两次循环后,测试产品的拉伸性能。
拉伸性能测试为对产品施加拉力,初始拉力值为7kg/cm2,每次测试达逐渐增加拉力值,直至产品断裂。
产品拉力测试结果如下:
表1拉伸性能测试结果
通过表1可知,本发明实施例的产品具有很好的耐拉性能,耐拉力值可达19.98~25.72kg/cm2,且在不同的温度环境下依然能保持良好的耐拉性,相比于对比例1中的产品性能显著提升。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料组成:
A组分:
B组分:
异氰酸酯 21.8~30.0份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述A组分还包括0.1~0.3份水。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述聚醚多元醇选自:GER-330N、聚丙烯类醇中的一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述聚酯多元醇为RA-55,所述聚合物多元醇为GPOP-3630。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述胺类催化剂选自:33LV、PC-41、ZR-70中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述交联剂为二乙醇胺。
7.根据权利要求1所述的耐拉性能强的聚氨酯发泡材料,其特征在于,所述异氰酸酯为PM200和MM103C的混合物,PM200和MM103C的重量比为100:17~18。
8.一种权利要求1~7任一项所述的聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
混合:将A组分和B组分原料分别混合均匀;
反应:使A组分原料和B组分原料混合、反应,即得聚氨酯发泡材料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的聚氨酯发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述混合步骤具体为:将A组分原料加入到搅拌釜A中,搅拌0.5~1.5h,将B组分原料加入到搅拌釜B中,搅拌0.5~1.5h;
所述反应步骤具体为:将A组分原料加入到发泡剂的储物料缸A中,将B组分原料加入到发泡剂的储物料缸B中,通过发泡机将A组分原料和B组分原料均匀注入到模具中进行反应。
10.一种权利要求1~7任一项所述的聚氨酯发泡材料在制作聚氨酯发泡玩具中的应用。
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