CN110283704B - Straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device - Google Patents

Straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110283704B
CN110283704B CN201910670258.5A CN201910670258A CN110283704B CN 110283704 B CN110283704 B CN 110283704B CN 201910670258 A CN201910670258 A CN 201910670258A CN 110283704 B CN110283704 B CN 110283704B
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reaction chamber
fermentation reaction
fermentation
aeration
pretreatment
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CN110283704A (en
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赵立欣
黄开明
冯晶
于佳动
罗娟
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Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA
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Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry fermentation pretreatment generating device for straws, which relates to the field of straw pretreatment and comprises a spraying component, an aeration component, a percolation liquid collecting tank and a plurality of fermentation reaction chambers which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the percolation liquid collecting tank is arranged at the lower end of the fermentation reaction chamber at the bottommost end, a plurality of percolation holes are formed in the bottom of each fermentation reaction chamber, one side of each fermentation reaction chamber is provided with an exhaust port communicated with the outside, the other side of each fermentation reaction chamber is provided with a feed door, the aeration component is used for introducing air into each fermentation reaction chamber, and the spraying component can spray bacteria and percolate in the percolation liquid collecting tank to each fermentation reaction chamber. The straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device provided by the invention can continuously feed and discharge, has stronger controllability, is convenient to operate, saves labor and fully utilizes the microbial inoculum.

Description

Straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of straw pretreatment, in particular to a straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device.
Background
Crop straw is the fourth world energy next to coal, petroleum and natural gas, and is a very important renewable biomass resource. China is a large agricultural country, has extremely rich crop straw resources, has the annual worldwide straw yield of more than 30 hundred million tons, and has the annual crop straw yield of more than 9 hundred million tons. The biogas fermentation technology is utilized to treat and utilize the straws, so that high-efficiency and clean high-grade energy can be generated, and the generated biogas residues and biogas slurry can be directly used as organic fertilizer, so that the method is an effective outlet. The biogas fermentation technology is a very mature technology, and the technology is utilized to convert straws into novel energy, so that the conventional energy shortage condition in China can be relieved, and the living quality of rural people can be improved; on the other hand, the problem of the out-of-way of the crop straws can be solved, and the adverse effect on the environment caused by open burning, disordered stacking and the like is reduced. In fact, china clearly uses straw biogas as a main renewable energy source to carry out important support development.
It is well known that the complex lignocellulosic structure of straw is an important factor that hinders its biodegradation, and therefore pretreatment of straw is often required before biogas fermentation can take place. Common pretreatment methods include physical pretreatment, chemical pretreatment and biological pretreatment, and from the current application, a method of combining physical pretreatment and chemical pretreatment, namely shredding/crushing and acid/alkali pretreatment is mainly adopted. However, the acid-base pretreatment method adopted at present is mainly strong acid or strong base pretreatment such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, the pretreatment method has the common problem of equipment corrosion, and a large amount of water is required for cleaning the pretreated raw materials or a large amount of acid-base is required for neutralization. When water is used for cleaning, soluble organic matters are lost, and when acid and alkali are used for neutralization, a large amount of sodium ions and chloride ions are generated, so that anaerobic fermentation can be inhibited, environmental pollution can be caused, and the subsequent utilization of biogas residues can be influenced. The biological pretreatment method does not achieve good technical effects on the degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
Therefore, the exploration of the pretreatment method and the pretreatment equipment for preparing the biogas by the anaerobic fermentation, which can effectively and comprehensively utilize the biomass including the straw, has important significance for developing the utilization path of the biomass and realizing the recycling of the biomass from the engineering point of view.
The method for efficiently preparing biogas from straws is disclosed as CN105420281A, wherein after the straws are soaked in an aqueous solution of a metal salt catalyst, biogas fermentation is carried out on the pretreated liquid part; the method for physically-chemically-biologically pretreating corn straw with publication No. CN105255953A adopts crushing and combining 1% sodium hydroxide and mould to treat the straw for straw component analysis; utilization of NH with publication number CN106119295A 4 HCO 3 Method for pretreating corn stalks and anaerobic fermentation method of corn stalks by adopting NH (NH) 4 HCO 3 Corn stalks are treated and anaerobic fermentation is carried out on the treated stalks. The invention carries out anaerobic fermentation after pretreatment on the straw, shortens the anaerobic fermentation period to a certain extent, improves the gas yield, but all existThe operation is complicated, and the safety risk is high because of the need of adding acid and alkali, and the secondary pollution caused by sewage can be generated in the pretreatment process, so that the problems of incapability of continuously discharging and poor controllability exist. Therefore, a new breakthrough is needed for the straw pretreatment method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device which can continuously feed and discharge, has stronger controllability, is convenient to operate, saves manpower and fully utilizes the microbial inoculum.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device which comprises a spraying assembly, an aeration assembly, a percolation liquid collecting tank and a plurality of fermentation reaction chambers which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the percolation liquid collecting tank is arranged at the lower end of the fermentation reaction chamber at the bottommost end, a plurality of percolation holes are formed in the bottom of each fermentation reaction chamber, one side of each fermentation reaction chamber is provided with an exhaust port communicated with the outside, the other side of each fermentation reaction chamber is provided with a feed gate, the aeration assembly is used for introducing air into each fermentation reaction chamber, and the spraying assembly can spray bacteria and percolate in the percolation liquid collecting tank to each fermentation reaction chamber.
Preferably, the aeration assembly comprises an aeration pump and a plurality of aeration pipes, the aeration pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation reaction chambers, a plurality of aeration micropores are formed in the bottom of each fermentation reaction chamber, and one aeration pipe conveys air into the fermentation reaction chamber through one aeration micropore on the fermentation reaction chamber.
Preferably, the spraying assembly comprises a microbial inoculum spraying booster pump, a microbial inoculum conveying pipe, a percolate recycling conveying pipe, a microbial inoculum box and a plurality of microbial inoculum spraying pipes, wherein one input end of the microbial inoculum spraying booster pump is communicated with the percolate collecting tank through the percolate recycling conveying pipe, the other input end of the microbial inoculum spraying booster pump is communicated with the microbial inoculum box through the microbial inoculum conveying pipe, the output end of the microbial inoculum spraying booster pump is connected with a plurality of microbial inoculum spraying pipes, and the microbial inoculum spraying pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation reaction chambers.
Preferably, each microbial inoculum spray pipe is arranged at the top part in the fermentation reaction chamber.
Preferably, a plurality of uniformly distributed spraying micropores are formed in each microbial inoculum spraying pipe.
Preferably, the infiltration liquid collecting tank is in an inverted cone shape, and the infiltration liquid recycling conveying pipe is communicated with the bottom of the infiltration liquid collecting tank.
Preferably, each of the feed gates is hinged to a side wall of the fermentation reaction chamber.
Preferably, a handle is provided on the outer wall of each of the feed gates.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device, which comprises a spraying component, an aeration component, a percolation liquid collecting tank and a plurality of fermentation reaction chambers which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the bottom of each fermentation reaction chamber is provided with a plurality of percolation holes, the aeration component is used for introducing air into each fermentation reaction chamber, the spraying component can spray microbial inoculum and percolation liquid in the percolation liquid collecting tank to each fermentation reaction chamber, and the microbial inoculum sprayed into the fermentation reaction chamber at the upper layer sequentially passes through the fermentation reaction chamber at the lower part from top to bottom so as to fully utilize the microbial inoculum, and the percolation liquid in the percolation liquid collecting tank is recycled and used for continuously spraying straw, so that the utilization rate of the microbial inoculum is further improved. The straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device provided by the invention can also realize controllable feeding and discharging, spraying and aeration parameters of each fermentation reaction chamber, has stronger controllability, is convenient to operate and saves manpower.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device provided by the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. an exhaust port; 2. an aeration pump; 3. a percolation sump; 4. aeration micropores; 5. a feed gate; 6. a handle; 7. a microbial inoculum spray pipe; 8. spraying a booster pump by using a microbial inoculum; 9. a percolate recycling conveying pipe; 10. spraying micropores; 11. a fermentation reaction chamber; 12. percolating pores; 13. and (5) aerating the pipe.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device which can continuously feed and discharge, has stronger controllability, is convenient to operate, saves manpower and fully utilizes microbial inoculum.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a dry fermentation pretreatment generating device for straw, including spray assembly, aeration assembly, filtration collecting tank 3 and a plurality of fermentation reaction chambers 11 that set gradually from top to bottom, filtration collecting tank 3 sets up in the lower extreme of fermentation reaction chamber 11 of bottommost, the bottom of each fermentation reaction chamber 11 is provided with a plurality of filtration holes 12, one side of each fermentation reaction chamber 11 is provided with a gas vent 1 with outside intercommunication, the unused air of aeration assembly input is discharged outside the device through gas vent 1, the opposite side of each fermentation reaction chamber 11 is provided with a feed gate 5, aeration assembly is used for letting in air to each fermentation reaction chamber 11, spray assembly can spray the percolation liquid in microbial inoculum and the filtration collecting tank 3 to each fermentation reaction chamber 11.
In the embodiment, the pretreatment and anaerobic fermentation biogas preparation are independent of each other in two independent reaction devices, and the reaction efficiency is high. The microbial inoculum sprayed into the fermentation reaction chamber 11 at the upper layer sequentially passes through the fermentation reaction chamber 11 at the lower part from top to bottom to be used, namely, the microbial inoculum sprayed at the upper layer can be used by layer-by-layer infiltration, so that the microbial inoculum is fully utilized, and the infiltration liquid in the infiltration liquid collecting tank 3 is recycled and used for spraying straw, so that the utilization rate of the microbial inoculum is further improved. The straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device provided by the invention can also realize controllable feeding and discharging, spraying and aeration parameters of each fermentation reaction chamber 11, has stronger controllability, is convenient to operate and saves manpower.
Specifically, the aeration assembly comprises an aeration pump 2 and a plurality of aeration pipes 13, the aeration pipes 13 are in one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation reaction chambers 11, a plurality of aeration micropores 4 are formed in the bottom of each fermentation reaction chamber 11, and one aeration pipe 13 conveys air into the fermentation reaction chamber 11 through the aeration micropores 4 in one fermentation reaction chamber 11. When the device works, the aeration pump 2 conveys air to the straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device through the aeration pipe 13 and the aeration micropores 4, and oxygen required by pretreatment is provided for the straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device.
The spraying assembly comprises a microbial inoculum spraying booster pump 8, a microbial inoculum conveying pipe, a percolate recycling conveying pipe 9, a microbial inoculum box and a plurality of microbial inoculum spraying pipes 7, one input end of the microbial inoculum spraying booster pump 8 is communicated with the percolate collecting tank 3 through the percolate recycling conveying pipe 9, the other input end of the microbial inoculum spraying booster pump 8 is communicated with the microbial inoculum box through the microbial inoculum conveying pipe, the microbial inoculum box is filled with microbial inoculum, the output end of the microbial inoculum spraying booster pump 8 is connected with the plurality of microbial inoculum spraying pipes 7, and the microbial inoculum spraying pipes 7 are in one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation reaction chambers 11. Specifically, each microbial inoculum shower 7 sets up in the top in fermentation reaction room 11, in order to improve the homogeneity that sprays, is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed's spraying micropore 10 on each microbial inoculum shower 7.
In order to facilitate the concentrated recovery of the percolate, the percolate collecting tank 3 is arranged in an inverted cone shape, and a percolate recycling conveying pipe 9 is communicated with the bottom of the percolate collecting tank 3.
In this embodiment, each of the feed gates 5 is hinged to a side wall of the fermenting reaction chamber 11, and a handle 6 is provided on an outer wall of each of the feed gates 5 in order to facilitate opening or closing of the feed gates 5.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in this specification with reference to specific examples, the description of which is only for the purpose of aiding in understanding the method of the present invention and its core ideas; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device which is characterized in that, include spray assembly, aeration subassembly, infiltration collecting tank and a plurality of fermentation reaction chambers that set gradually from top to bottom, the infiltration collecting tank sets up in the lower extreme of fermentation reaction chamber of bottommost, each fermentation reaction chamber's bottom is provided with a plurality of infiltration holes, and each fermentation reaction chamber's one side is provided with an gas vent with outside intercommunication, and each fermentation reaction chamber's opposite side is provided with a feed gate, the aeration subassembly is used for letting in air to each fermentation reaction chamber, spray assembly can spray the bacterial agent with the infiltration liquid in the infiltration collecting tank to each fermentation reaction chamber;
the aeration assembly comprises an aeration pump and a plurality of aeration pipes, the aeration pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the fermentation reaction chambers, a plurality of aeration micropores are formed in the bottom of each fermentation reaction chamber, and one aeration pipe conveys air into the fermentation reaction chamber through the aeration micropore on one fermentation reaction chamber;
the utility model discloses a fermentation reaction chamber, including fungus agent spraying booster pump, fungus agent conveyer pipe, percolate recycling conveyer pipe, fungus agent case and a plurality of fungus agent shower pipe, fungus agent spraying booster pump's an input pass through percolate recycling conveyer pipe with infiltration collecting vat intercommunication, another input of fungus agent spraying booster pump pass through fungus agent conveyer pipe with fungus agent case intercommunication, fungus agent spraying booster pump's output and a plurality of fungus agent shower pipe are connected, fungus agent shower pipe with fermentation reaction chamber one-to-one, each fungus agent shower pipe set up in the top in the fermentation reaction chamber.
2. The straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of uniformly distributed spraying micropores are formed on each microbial inoculum spraying pipe.
3. The straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 1, wherein the percolation liquid collecting tank is in an inverted cone shape, and the percolation liquid recycling conveying pipe is communicated with the bottom of the percolation liquid collecting tank.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the feed gates is hinged to a side wall of the fermentation chamber.
5. The straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 1, wherein a handle is provided on an outer wall of each of the feed gates.
CN201910670258.5A 2019-07-24 2019-07-24 Straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device Active CN110283704B (en)

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CN112500983A (en) * 2020-06-28 2021-03-16 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Cultivation combined type dry-wet coupling biogas production fermentation equipment

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DE102006047828A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-17 Brauer, Kathrin Continously operable fermenter for safely obtaining biogas from solid biomass and percolate in digestion chamber, includes air-lock refilling arrangement for solid biomass
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WO2015088129A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-18 농업회사법인 주식회사 태초의 자연으로 Multilayer-structured organic waste fermentation apparatus
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CN210856109U (en) * 2019-07-24 2020-06-26 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006009652A1 (en) * 2006-02-27 2007-08-30 Müller, Wilfried, Dr. Biogasification plant comprises a drying fermenter connected with percolate processor, which consists two closed chambers connected with one another as heating chamber for percolate and as fermentation chamber for methanizing organic acids
DE102006047828A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-17 Brauer, Kathrin Continously operable fermenter for safely obtaining biogas from solid biomass and percolate in digestion chamber, includes air-lock refilling arrangement for solid biomass
DE102010024639A1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2011-12-22 Bioferm Gmbh Plant useful for producing biogas by fermentation of biomass, comprises several adjacently arranged fermentation chambers that are sealable in gas-tight manner, which are respectively connected to biogas system by port loaded with biomass
WO2015088129A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-18 농업회사법인 주식회사 태초의 자연으로 Multilayer-structured organic waste fermentation apparatus
JP3192654U (en) * 2014-05-12 2014-08-28 台灣利得生物科技股▲ふん▼有限公司 All-function high-efficiency edible fungus solid fermentation equipment
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