CN110759618A - Method and device for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure - Google Patents
Method and device for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure, which comprises the following steps: introducing the collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank, filtering and precipitating the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities and suspended matters in the livestock and poultry manure, and adjusting the pH value to obtain a material A to be fermented; step two: pumping the material A to be fermented into a pre-fermentation tank, adding a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum into the material A to be fermented, and uniformly mixing; step three: pumping the fermentation precursor B into a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank, adding an anaerobic microbial inoculum into the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein the adding proportion of the anaerobic microbial inoculum is 5% (wt), and finally preparing methane after the fermentation is finished; the invention can greatly improve the gas production of livestock and poultry manure fermentation and realize the resource utilization of the livestock and poultry manure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste resource utilization, in particular to a method and a device for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure.
Background
As one of the large countries of the global aquaculture industry, China also produces a large amount of livestock and poultry manure resources while effectively guaranteeing the supply of meat and eggs required by people's life. The excrement resource has obvious 'two-sided' characteristic, and the reasonable development becomes important high-quality nutrient resource for agricultural production, otherwise becomes a serious pollution source for rural ecological environment, and brings potential safety hazard to agricultural production and rural construction. Biogas, also called biological biogas, is mainly produced by using organic matters such as animal wastes, straws, industrial organic wastes, municipal domestic wastes and the like through a microbial anaerobic digestion technology, and the main component, namely methane, contained in the produced biogas accounts for 40-80 percent of the total amount of the biogas. The complete combustion of methane per cubic meter is equivalent to the heat generated by the combustion of 0.7 kg of standard coal, so the methane is an important renewable biomass energy source.
The livestock and poultry manure is a main raw material for producing the biogas through anaerobic fermentation, the carbohydrate content in the livestock and poultry manure is high, the raw material source is wide, and the cost is low. However, the traditional method for preparing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure has the disadvantages of low methane content in the prepared biogas and low fermentation efficiency, and seriously restricts the industrial development of preparing biogas from livestock and poultry manure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the method for continuously preparing the biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure, which has high biogas production efficiency, large biogas production amount, economy and environmental protection.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the livestock and poultry manure;
introducing the collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank, filtering and precipitating the livestock and poultry manure to remove large-particle impurities and suspended matters in the livestock and poultry manure, simultaneously reducing the water content in the livestock and poultry manure to 20-10%, and then adjusting the pH to 6-8 to obtain a material A to be fermented;
step two: pretreatment before fermentation;
pumping the material A to be fermented obtained in the step one into a pre-fermentation tank, adding a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum into the material A to be fermented, and decomposing macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the material A to be fermented; wherein the adding amount of the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is 4-6%/(wt), the reaction temperature is controlled to be 22-45 ℃, and a fermentation precursor B is obtained after the reaction is finished;
step three: multistage fermentation of livestock and poultry manure;
pumping the fermentation precursor B obtained in the step two into a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank, adding an anaerobic microbial inoculum into the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein the adding proportion of the anaerobic microbial inoculum is 3-5% (wt), controlling the fermentation temperature to be 25-55 ℃, the pressure to be 90-150kPa, and the fermentation time to be 5-8 days, and finally preparing the biogas.
Further, in the step one, the livestock and poultry manure is one or a mixture of more of cow manure, chicken manure and sheep manure, and the mixture of one or more of cow manure, chicken manure and sheep manure is used as an anaerobic fermentation raw material, so that the raw material source is wide, the application range is wide, and favorable conditions are provided for preparing methane by anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure.
Further, the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum in the second step is a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis to the rhodopseudomonas palustris to the trichoderma asperellum is 1:3:2: 1; by adding the mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum into the material A to be fermented, organic macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the livestock and poultry manure can be decomposed, the subsequent anaerobic fermentation efficiency is improved, and the gas yield is improved.
Further, the preparation method of the mixed decomposition bacteria comprises the following steps: 1. inoculating bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum in a liquid culture medium according to a weight ratio of 1:3:2:1, and culturing for 1-2 days at the temperature of 28-37 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; wherein the ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the rhodopseudomonas palustris and the trichoderma asperellum to the number of effective viable bacteria in the liquid culture medium is 25-45%; 2. the mixed decomposition bacteria can be obtained by uniformly mixing the carrier and the mixed bacteria liquid according to the volume ratio of 1:7 by taking activated carbon as the carrier, and the mixed decomposition bacteria prepared by the method has stronger biological activity.
Further, the anaerobic microbial inoculum in the third step is compounded by the following microbial inoculum in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of liquid photosynthetic bacteria agent, 1-2 parts of plant lactobacillus agent, 1-6 parts of lactobacillus agent, 1-2 parts of bifidobacterium agent and 1-3 parts of actinomycetes agent; by adding the composite anaerobic microbial inoculum into the fermentation precursor B, the overall effect of anaerobic fermentation can be improved, the methane yield and the methane concentration of methane can be improved, and the economic benefit can be further improved.
Further, the third step is specifically: in the first stage, the biogas is firstly fermented for 1 to 2 days under the temperature condition of 25 to 32 ℃ and the pressure condition of 90 to 110kPa, then fermented for 2 to 4 days under the temperature condition of 32 to 45 ℃ and the pressure condition of 110 and 130kPa, and finally fermented for 2 to 3 days under the temperature condition of 45 to 55 ℃ and the pressure condition of 130 and 150kPa, so as to finally prepare the biogas.
A device for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure comprises a pretreatment tank, a pre-fermentation tank and a multistage anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein a feed inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the pretreatment tank, a filter screen and a centrifugal cylinder are sequentially arranged in the pretreatment tank from top to bottom, a material guide hopper is arranged at the lower end of the filter screen, the opening diameter of the material guide hopper is smaller than the diameter of the centrifugal cylinder, the centrifugal cylinder is clamped on the inner wall of the pretreatment tank and powered by a motor I, a first guide pipe is arranged at the central position of the pretreatment tank, the other end of the first guide pipe is connected with the upper end of the pre-fermentation tank, and a first material stirring pump is arranged on; a stirrer is arranged inside the pre-fermentation tank, a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum adding pipe is arranged on the pre-fermentation tank, the pre-fermentation tank is connected with the multistage anaerobic fermentation tank through a second guide pipe, and a second material pumping pump is arranged on the second guide pipe; the inside of the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with 2-5 fermentation cavities from top to bottom, the 2-5 fermentation cavities are communicated with each other, the 2-5 fermentation cavities are connected with a second conduit through a connecting pipe, the joints are provided with first control valves, the 2-5 fermentation cavities are connected with an anaerobic microbial inoculum feeding pipe through branch pipes, each branch pipe is provided with a second control valve, each fermentation cavity is provided with a slag discharge port, and the top end of the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with an exhaust port.
Furthermore, stirring discs are arranged in the 2-5 fermentation cavities, stirring strips are arranged on the stirring discs, the stirring discs are powered by a second motor, and the probability of contact between the livestock and poultry manure and anaerobic fermentation bacteria liquid is increased and the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation is promoted by arranging the stirring discs.
Furthermore, the stirring strips are obliquely arranged, and the stirring strips are obliquely arranged, so that in the rotating process of the stirring disc, the stirring strips can continuously stir the livestock and poultry manure in the fermentation cavity, the reaction rate of the livestock and poultry manure and the anaerobic microbial inoculum is increased, and the methane yield is increased.
The working principle of the device is as follows: firstly, introducing collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank through a feed inlet, filtering the livestock and poultry manure through a filter screen, then feeding the livestock and poultry manure into a centrifugal cylinder under the action of a material guide hopper, carrying out centrifugal dehydration treatment on the filtered livestock and poultry manure by the centrifugal cylinder under the action of electrolysis I, and discharging dehydrated water through a liquid discharge port; the centrifuged livestock and poultry manure enters a pre-fermentation tank through a first guide pipe and a first material beating pump, a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is added into the pre-fermentation tank through a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum adding pipe to decompose macromolecular substances in the livestock and poultry manure, and the macromolecular substances are stirred through a stirrer; the livestock and poultry manure after the pre-fermentation is finished enters a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank through a second guide pipe 22 and a second large material pump, the livestock and poultry manure is controlled to enter different fermentation chambers through the first control valves, a stirring disc in each fermentation chamber is driven by the second motor to stir the livestock and poultry manure, anaerobic microbial inoculum is added into each fermentation chamber through an anaerobic microbial inoculum adding pipe in the stirring process, after the fermentation is finished, biogas is discharged and collected from an exhaust port, and fermentation waste residues are discharged from an inspection port.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has reasonable process design, can realize reasonable utilization of resources and simultaneously improve economic benefits; according to the invention, the cow dung, the chicken dung and the pig dung are used as raw materials for preparing the biogas through anaerobic fermentation, the raw material sources are wide, and the preparation cost of the biogas is low; before the anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure, the mixed decomposition bacteria are added into the livestock and poultry manure, so that macromolecular organic matters in the livestock and poultry manure are thoroughly decomposed, the subsequent fermentation effect is favorably improved, the gas yield of the anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure is greatly improved under the action of the composite anaerobic microbial inoculum in the fermentation process, and the economic benefit is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a biogas production plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stirring disc of the invention;
the system comprises a pretreatment tank 1, a feed inlet 10, a discharge port 11, a filter screen 12, a centrifugal cylinder 13, a guide hopper 14, a motor I15, a guide pipe I16, a stirring pump I17, a pre-fermentation tank 2, a stirrer 20, a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum feeding pipe 21, a guide pipe II 22, a stirring pump II 23, a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, a fermentation cavity 30, a slag discharge port 300, a control valve I31, an anaerobic microbial inoculum feeding pipe 32, a control valve II 33, an exhaust port 34, a stirring disc 35 and a stirring strip 350.
Detailed Description
Example 1: a method for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the livestock and poultry manure;
introducing the collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank 1 shown in figure 1, filtering and precipitating the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities and suspended matters in the livestock and poultry manure, simultaneously reducing the water content in the livestock and poultry manure to 20%, and then adjusting the pH value to 6 to obtain a material A to be fermented; cow dung is selected as the livestock and poultry dung;
step two: pretreatment before fermentation;
pumping the material A to be fermented obtained in the step one into a pre-fermentation tank 2, adding a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum into the material A to be fermented, and decomposing macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the material A to be fermented; wherein the adding amount of the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is 4%/(wt), the reaction temperature is controlled to be 22 ℃, and a fermentation precursor B is obtained after the reaction is finished; the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is a commercial agricultural em microbial decomposition microbial inoculum;
step three: multistage fermentation of livestock and poultry manure;
pumping the fermentation precursor B obtained in the step two into a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, adding an anaerobic microbial inoculum into the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, wherein the adding proportion of the anaerobic microbial inoculum is 3 percent (wt), the anaerobic microbial inoculum is a commercially available 004A type sewage treatment anaerobic microbial inoculum, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, the pressure is 90kPa, the fermentation time is 5 days, and finally the biogas is prepared.
Example 2: a method for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the livestock and poultry manure;
introducing the collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank 1 shown in figure 1, filtering and precipitating the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities and suspended matters in the livestock and poultry manure, simultaneously reducing the water content in the livestock and poultry manure to 15%, and then adjusting the pH to 7 to obtain a material A to be fermented; the livestock and poultry manure is a mixture of cow manure and chicken manure;
step two: pretreatment before fermentation;
pumping the material A to be fermented obtained in the step one into a pre-fermentation tank 2, adding a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum into the material A to be fermented, and decomposing macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the material A to be fermented; wherein the adding amount of the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is 5%/(wt), the reaction temperature is controlled to be 36 ℃, and a fermentation precursor B is obtained after the reaction is finished; the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis to the rhodopseudomonas palustris to the trichoderma asperellum is 1:3:2: 1; by adding a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum into the material A to be fermented, organic macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the livestock and poultry manure can be decomposed, the subsequent anaerobic fermentation efficiency is improved, and the gas yield is improved;
step three: multistage fermentation of livestock and poultry manure;
pumping the fermentation precursor B obtained in the step two into a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, adding an anaerobic microbial inoculum into the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, wherein the adding proportion of the anaerobic microbial inoculum is 4 percent (wt), controlling the fermentation temperature to be 45 ℃, the pressure to be 125kPa, and the fermentation time to be 7 days, and finally preparing methane; the anaerobic microbial inoculum is compounded by the following microbial inoculum in parts by mass: 1 part by mass of liquid photosynthetic bacteria agent, 2 parts by mass of plant lactobacillus agent, 2 parts by mass of lactobacillus agent, 1 part by mass of bifidobacterium agent and 1 part by mass of actinomycete agent; by adding the composite anaerobic microbial inoculum into the fermentation precursor B, the overall effect of anaerobic fermentation can be improved, the methane yield and the methane concentration of methane can be improved, and the economic benefit can be further improved.
Example 3: a method for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the livestock and poultry manure;
introducing the collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank 1 shown in figure 1, filtering and precipitating the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities and suspended matters in the livestock and poultry manure, simultaneously reducing the water content in the livestock and poultry manure to 10%, and then adjusting the pH to 8 to obtain a material A to be fermented; the livestock and poultry manure is a mixture of cow manure, chicken manure and sheep manure;
step two: pretreatment before fermentation;
pumping the material A to be fermented obtained in the step one into a pre-fermentation tank 2, adding a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum into the material A to be fermented, and decomposing macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the material A to be fermented; wherein the adding amount of the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is 6%/(wt), the reaction temperature is controlled to be 45 ℃, and a fermentation precursor B is obtained after the reaction is finished; the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis to the rhodopseudomonas palustris to the trichoderma asperellum is 1:3:2: 1; by adding a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum into the material A to be fermented, organic macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the livestock and poultry manure can be decomposed, the subsequent anaerobic fermentation efficiency is improved, and the gas yield is improved; the preparation method of the mixed decomposition bacteria comprises the following steps: 1. inoculating bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum in a liquid culture medium according to a weight ratio of 1:3:2:1, and culturing for 2 days at the temperature of 28 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; wherein the ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the rhodopseudomonas palustris and the trichoderma asperellum to the number of effective viable bacteria in the liquid culture medium is 25 percent; 2. the mixed decomposition bacteria can be obtained by uniformly mixing the carrier and the mixed bacteria liquid according to the volume ratio of 1:7 by taking activated carbon as the carrier, and the mixed decomposition bacteria prepared by the method has stronger biological activity. The mixed decomposition bacteria prepared by the method have stronger biological activity;
step three: multistage fermentation of livestock and poultry manure;
pumping the fermentation precursor B obtained in the step two into a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, adding an anaerobic microbial inoculum into the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, wherein the adding proportion of the anaerobic microbial inoculum is 5 percent (wt), controlling the fermentation temperature to be 55 ℃, the pressure to be 150kPa and the fermentation time to be 8 days, and finally preparing methane; the anaerobic microbial inoculum is compounded by the following microbial inoculum in parts by weight: 3 parts of liquid photosynthetic bacteria agent, 2 parts of plant lactobacillus agent, 6 parts of lactobacillus agent, 2 parts of bifidobacterium agent and 3 parts of actinomycetes agent; by adding the composite anaerobic microbial inoculum into the fermentation precursor B, the overall effect of anaerobic fermentation can be improved, the methane yield and the methane concentration of methane can be improved, and the economic benefit can be further improved.
Example 4: a method for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the livestock and poultry manure;
introducing the collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank 1 shown in figure 1, filtering and precipitating the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities and suspended matters in the livestock and poultry manure, simultaneously reducing the water content in the livestock and poultry manure to 15%, and then adjusting the pH to 7 to obtain a material A to be fermented; the livestock and poultry manure is a mixture of cow manure, chicken manure and sheep manure;
step two: pretreatment before fermentation;
pumping the material A to be fermented obtained in the step one into a pre-fermentation tank 2, adding a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum into the material A to be fermented, and decomposing macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the material A to be fermented; wherein the adding amount of the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is 5%/(wt), the reaction temperature is controlled to be 42 ℃, and a fermentation precursor B is obtained after the reaction is finished; the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis to the rhodopseudomonas palustris to the trichoderma asperellum is 1:3:2: 1; by adding a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum into the material A to be fermented, organic macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the livestock and poultry manure can be decomposed, the subsequent anaerobic fermentation efficiency is improved, and the gas yield is improved; the preparation method of the mixed decomposition bacteria comprises the following steps: 1. inoculating bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum in a liquid culture medium according to a weight ratio of 1:3:2:1, and culturing for 2 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; wherein the ratio of the number of effective viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the rhodopseudomonas palustris and the trichoderma asperellum in the liquid culture medium is 38 percent; 2. taking activated carbon as a carrier, and uniformly mixing the carrier and the mixed bacteria liquid according to the volume ratio of 1:7 to obtain mixed decomposition bacteria, wherein the mixed decomposition bacteria prepared by the method has stronger biological activity;
step three: multistage fermentation of livestock and poultry manure;
pumping the fermentation precursor B obtained in the step two into a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, adding an anaerobic microbial inoculum into the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, wherein the adding proportion of the anaerobic microbial inoculum is 4 percent (wt), in the first stage, firstly fermenting for 3 days under the conditions of 25 ℃ and 90kPa and 110kPa and finally fermenting for 4 days under the conditions of 55 ℃ and 150kPa to finally prepare methane; the anaerobic microbial inoculum is compounded by the following microbial inoculum in parts by weight: 3 parts of liquid photosynthetic bacteria agent, 2 parts of plant lactobacillus agent, 6 parts of lactobacillus agent, 2 parts of bifidobacterium agent and 3 parts of actinomycetes agent; by adding the composite anaerobic microbial inoculum into the fermentation precursor B, the overall effect of anaerobic fermentation can be improved, the methane yield and the methane concentration of methane can be improved, and the economic benefit can be further improved.
Example 5: a method for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the livestock and poultry manure;
introducing the collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank 1 shown in figure 1, filtering and precipitating the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities and suspended matters in the livestock and poultry manure, simultaneously reducing the water content in the livestock and poultry manure to 15%, and then adjusting the pH to 7 to obtain a material A to be fermented; the livestock and poultry manure is a mixture of cow manure, chicken manure and sheep manure;
step two: pretreatment before fermentation;
pumping the material A to be fermented obtained in the step one into a pre-fermentation tank 2, adding a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum into the material A to be fermented, and decomposing macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the material A to be fermented; wherein the adding amount of the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is 5%/(wt), the reaction temperature is controlled to be 42 ℃, and a fermentation precursor B is obtained after the reaction is finished; the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis to the rhodopseudomonas palustris to the trichoderma asperellum is 1:3:2: 1; by adding a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum into the material A to be fermented, organic macromolecular substances such as cellulose, protein and the like in the livestock and poultry manure can be decomposed, the subsequent anaerobic fermentation efficiency is improved, and the gas yield is improved; the preparation method of the mixed decomposition bacteria comprises the following steps: 1. inoculating bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum in a liquid culture medium according to a weight ratio of 1:3:2:1, and culturing for 2 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; wherein the ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the rhodopseudomonas palustris and the trichoderma asperellum to the number of effective viable bacteria in the liquid culture medium is 45 percent; 2. taking activated carbon as a carrier, and uniformly mixing the carrier and the mixed bacteria liquid according to the volume ratio of 1:7 to obtain mixed decomposition bacteria, wherein the mixed decomposition bacteria prepared by the method has stronger biological activity;
step three: multistage fermentation of livestock and poultry manure;
pumping the fermentation precursor B obtained in the step two into a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, adding an anaerobic microbial inoculum into the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, wherein the adding proportion of the anaerobic microbial inoculum is 4 percent (wt), in the first stage, firstly fermenting for 3 days under the conditions of 25 ℃ and 90kPa and 110kPa and finally fermenting for 4 days under the conditions of 55 ℃ and 150kPa to finally prepare methane; the anaerobic microbial inoculum is compounded by the following microbial inoculum in parts by weight: 3 parts of liquid photosynthetic bacteria agent, 2 parts of plant lactobacillus agent, 6 parts of lactobacillus agent, 2 parts of bifidobacterium agent and 3 parts of actinomycetes agent; by adding the composite anaerobic microbial inoculum into the fermentation precursor B, the fermentation rate can be improved.
The device for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure used in the above embodiments 1-5 is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and comprises a pretreatment tank 1, a pre-fermentation tank 2 and a multistage anaerobic fermentation tank 3, wherein the pretreatment tank 1 is provided with a feed inlet 10 and a liquid discharge port 11, a filter screen 12 and a centrifugal cylinder 13 are sequentially arranged in the pretreatment tank 1 from top to bottom, the lower end of the filter screen 11 is provided with a material guide hopper 14, the opening diameter of the material guide hopper 14 is smaller than the diameter of the centrifugal cylinder 13, the centrifugal cylinder 13 is clamped on the inner wall of the pretreatment tank 1, the centrifugal cylinder 13 is powered by a motor one 15, a first guide pipe 16 is arranged at the central position of the pretreatment tank 1, the other end of the first guide pipe 16 is connected with the upper end of the pre-fermentation tank 2, and; a stirrer 20 is arranged inside the pre-fermentation tank 2, a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum adding pipe 21 is arranged on the pre-fermentation tank 2, the pre-fermentation tank 2 is connected with the multistage anaerobic fermentation tank 3 through a second guide pipe 22, and a second material-pumping pump 23 is arranged on the second guide pipe 22; 3 fermentation cavities 30 are arranged in the multistage anaerobic fermentation tank 3 from top to bottom, the 3 fermentation cavities 30 are communicated with each other, the 3 fermentation cavities 30 are all connected with a second guide pipe 22 through connecting pipes, control valves I31 are arranged at the joints, the 3 fermentation cavities 30 are all connected with an anaerobic microbial inoculum adding pipe 32 through branch pipes, a control valve II 33 is arranged on each branch pipe, a slag discharge port 300 is arranged on each fermentation cavity 30, and an exhaust port 34 is arranged at the top end of the multistage anaerobic fermentation tank 3; 3 inside stirring dish 35 that all is provided with in fermentation chamber 30, be provided with on the stirring dish 35 and stir material strip 350, the stirring dish 35 is provided with power by motor two 36, through setting up the stirring dish 35, the dirty contact probability with the anaerobic fermentation fungus liquid of beasts and birds 'excrement has been increased, anaerobic fermentation's efficiency has been promoted, stir the slope of material strip 350 and set up, stir material strip 350 through the slope setting, make stirring dish 35 rotate the in-process, stir material strip 350 and can constantly stir the beasts and birds's excrement of fermentation chamber 30 inside, accelerate the reaction rate of beasts and birds' excrement and anaerobic bacteria agent, improve biogas output.
Firstly, introducing collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank 1 through a feeding hole 10, filtering the livestock and poultry manure through a filter screen 12, then feeding the livestock and poultry manure into a centrifugal cylinder 13 under the action of a material guide hopper 14, carrying out centrifugal dehydration treatment on the filtered livestock and poultry manure through the centrifugal cylinder 13 under the action of an electrolysis first 15, and discharging dehydrated water through a liquid discharge port 11; the centrifuged livestock and poultry manure enters a pre-fermentation tank 2 through a first guide pipe 1 and a first material beating pump 17, a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is added into the pre-fermentation tank 2 through a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum adding pipe 21, macromolecular substances in the livestock and poultry manure are decomposed, and the mixture is stirred through a stirrer 20; the livestock and poultry manure after the pre-fermentation is fed into the multistage anaerobic fermentation tank 3 through the second guide pipe 22 and the second large material pump 23, the livestock and poultry manure is controlled to enter different fermentation cavities 30 through the first control valves 31, the stirring discs 35 in the fermentation cavities 30 are driven by the second motor 36 to stir the livestock and poultry manure, anaerobic microbial agents are added into the fermentation cavities 30 through the anaerobic microbial agent adding pipes 32 in the stirring process, after the fermentation is completed, biogas is discharged from the exhaust port 34 and collected, and fermentation waste residues are discharged from the inspection port 300.
Claims (9)
1. A method for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the livestock and poultry manure;
introducing the collected livestock and poultry manure into a pretreatment tank (1), filtering and precipitating the livestock and poultry manure, removing large-particle impurities and suspended matters in the livestock and poultry manure, simultaneously reducing the water content in the livestock and poultry manure to 20-10%, and then adjusting the pH to 6-8 to obtain a material A to be fermented;
step two: pretreatment before fermentation;
pumping the material A to be fermented obtained in the step one into a pre-fermentation tank (2), and adding a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum into the material A to be fermented; wherein the adding amount of the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum is 4-6%/(wt), the reaction temperature is controlled to be 22-45 ℃, and a fermentation precursor B is obtained after the reaction is finished;
step three: multistage fermentation of livestock and poultry manure;
pumping the fermentation precursor B obtained in the step two into a multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank (3), adding an anaerobic microbial inoculum into the multi-stage anaerobic fermentation tank (3), wherein the adding proportion of the anaerobic microbial inoculum is 3-5% (wt), controlling the fermentation temperature to be 25-55 ℃, the pressure to be 90-150kPa, and the fermentation time to be 5-8 days, and finally preparing the biogas.
2. The method for continuously preparing biogas through multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein the livestock and poultry manure in the first step is one or a mixture of cow manure, chicken manure and sheep manure.
3. The method for continuously preparing biogas through multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein the mixed decomposition microbial inoculum in the second step is a mixed microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the rhodopseudomonas palustris and the trichoderma asperellum is 1:3:2: 1.
4. The method for continuously preparing the biogas by the multistage anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the mixed decomposition bacteria comprises the following steps: 1. inoculating bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris and trichoderma asperellum in a liquid culture medium according to a weight ratio of 1:3:2:1, and culturing for 1-2 days at the temperature of 28-37 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; wherein the ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the rhodopseudomonas palustris and the trichoderma asperellum to the number of effective viable bacteria in the liquid culture medium is 25-45%; 2. and (3) taking activated carbon as a carrier, and uniformly mixing the carrier with the mixed bacteria liquid according to the volume ratio of 1:7 to obtain the mixed decomposition bacteria.
5. The method for continuously preparing the biogas through the multistage anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic microbial inoculum in the third step is compounded by the following microbial inoculum in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of liquid photosynthetic bacteria agent, 1-2 parts of plant lactobacillus agent, 1-6 parts of lactobacillus agent, 1-2 parts of bifidobacterium agent and 1-3 parts of actinomycetes agent.
6. A device for continuously preparing biogas by multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure is characterized by comprising a pretreatment tank (1), a pre-fermentation tank (2) and a multistage anaerobic fermentation tank (3), the pretreatment tank (1) is provided with a feed inlet (10) and a liquid outlet (11), the pretreatment tank (1) is internally provided with a filter screen (12) and a centrifugal cylinder (13) from top to bottom in sequence, a material guide hopper (14) is arranged at the lower end of the filter screen (11), the opening diameter of the material guide hopper (14) is smaller than the diameter of the centrifugal cylinder (13), the centrifugal cylinder (13) is clamped on the inner wall of the pretreatment tank (1), the centrifugal cylinder (13) is powered by a motor I (15), a guide pipe I (16) is arranged at the center of the pretreatment tank (1), the other end of the first guide pipe (16) is connected with the upper end of the pre-fermentation tank (2), and a first material-pumping pump (17) is arranged on the first guide pipe (16); a stirrer (20) is arranged in the pre-fermentation tank (2), a mixed decomposition microbial inoculum adding pipe (21) is arranged on the pre-fermentation tank (2), the pre-fermentation tank (2) is connected with the multistage anaerobic fermentation tank (3) through a second guide pipe (22), and a second material stirring pump (23) is arranged on the second guide pipe (22); multistage anaerobic fermentation pond (3) are inside from last to being provided with 2-5 fermentation chamber (30) down, switch on each other between 2-5 fermentation chamber (30), 2-5 fermentation chamber (30) all are connected with pipe two (22) through the connecting pipe, and the junction all is provided with control valve one (31), all throws the feeder pipe (32) through branch pipe and anaerobism microbial inoculum on 2-5 fermentation chamber (30) and is connected, each all be provided with control valve two (33) on the branch pipe, all be provided with row cinder notch (300) on each fermentation chamber (30), multistage anaerobic fermentation pond (3) top is provided with gas vent (34).
7. The device for continuously preparing the biogas through the multistage anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure according to claim 5, characterized in that stirring discs (35) are arranged in the 2-5 fermentation cavities (30), and stirring strips (350) are arranged on the stirring discs (35).
8. The device for continuously preparing the biogas through the multistage anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure according to claim 6, characterized in that the stirring strips (350) are obliquely arranged.
9. The method for continuously preparing biogas through multistage anaerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein the livestock and poultry manure in the first step is a mixture of any two of cow manure, chicken manure and sheep manure.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112813113A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 兴源环境科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing bio-oil by livestock and poultry manure synergism |
| CN114315027A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Harmless treatment method for natural storage of liquid manure and natural storage pool thereof |
| CN116730573A (en) * | 2023-05-20 | 2023-09-12 | 湖北天湖蛋禽股份有限公司 | Dirty anaerobic fermentation device of duck field excrement |
-
2019
- 2019-12-01 CN CN201911209433.7A patent/CN110759618A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112813113A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 兴源环境科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing bio-oil by livestock and poultry manure synergism |
| CN114315027A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Harmless treatment method for natural storage of liquid manure and natural storage pool thereof |
| CN116730573A (en) * | 2023-05-20 | 2023-09-12 | 湖北天湖蛋禽股份有限公司 | Dirty anaerobic fermentation device of duck field excrement |
| CN116730573B (en) * | 2023-05-20 | 2024-01-19 | 湖北天湖蛋禽股份有限公司 | Dirty anaerobic fermentation device of duck field excrement |
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