CN110283704A - A kind of stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device - Google Patents

A kind of stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110283704A
CN110283704A CN201910670258.5A CN201910670258A CN110283704A CN 110283704 A CN110283704 A CN 110283704A CN 201910670258 A CN201910670258 A CN 201910670258A CN 110283704 A CN110283704 A CN 110283704A
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China
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microbial inoculum
fermentation
reaction
generating device
dry method
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CN201910670258.5A
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CN110283704B (en
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赵立欣
黄开明
冯晶
于佳动
罗娟
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Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA
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Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device, it is related to stalk pretreatment field, including spray assemblies, it is aerated component, it is percolated collecting tank and multiple fermentation reaction rooms from top to bottom set gradually, diafiltration collecting tank is set to the lower end of the fermentation reaction room of lowermost end, the bottom of each fermentation reaction room is provided with multiple diafiltration holes, the side of each reaction fermenting cellar is provided with the exhaust outlet being connected to outside, the other side of each reaction fermenting cellar is provided with a feeding gate, aeration component is used to be passed through air to each fermentation reaction room, percolate in microbial inoculum and diafiltration collecting tank can be sprayed to each reaction fermenting cellar by spray assemblies.Stalk dry method provided by the invention fermentation pretreatment generating device can continuous feeding and discharging, controllability is stronger, convenient for operation, saves manpower, makes full use of to microbial inoculum.

Description

A kind of stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device
Technical field
The present invention relates to stalk pretreatment fields, ferment more particularly to a kind of stalk dry method and pre-process generating device.
Background technique
Agricultural crop straw is the world's fourth largest energy for being only second to coal, petroleum, natural gas, be it is a kind of it is very important can be again Raw biomass resource.China is a large agricultural country, there is agricultural straw resource extremely abundant, and annual whole world stalk produces Amount has as many as 3,000,000,000 tons, and China's agricultural crop straw annual output is more than 900,000,000 tons.Straw are utilized using biogas fermentation technical treatment Stalk not only can produce efficient, clean high-grade energy, while the biogas residue and biogas slurry that generate can also be directly used as organic fertilizer Material, a kind of effective outlet of can yet be regarded as.Biogas fermentation technology itself is a kind of highly developed technology, is turned using the technology Change stalk is new energy, the quality of life that can alleviate China's conventional energy resource pressure, improve the rural area people;Another party Face, also solves the problem that the problem of outlet of crop material, reduces because of its open incineration, huddles and the brings such as disorderly set to the unfavorable shadow of environment It rings.In fact, stalk marsh gas is clearly carried out emphasis as a main renewable energy by China supports development.
It is well known that the wood fibre structure of stalk complexity is to hinder the key factor of its biodegrade, therefore carrying out Before biogas fermentation, it usually needs pre-processed to stalk.Common preprocess method includes physics pretreatment, the pre- place of chemistry Reason and Biological Pretreatment, from the point of view of current application, the method mainly combined using physics pretreatment+chemical pretreatment, i.e., Chopping/crushing+acid/base pretreatment.However, currently used acid-base pretreatment method is mainly strong acid or pretreatment by strong alkali, example Such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, this generally existing equipment etching problem of preprocess method, and needs are largely Water cleans pretreated raw material or a large amount of soda acid is needed to neutralize.When being cleaned with water, can lose molten Solution property organic matter, when with acid-base neutralization, and can generate a large amount of sodium ion and chloride ion, it is not only possible to inhibit anaerobic fermentation, It may also result in environmental pollution, and will affect the later use of biogas residue.And biologic pretreatment method is for cellulose, hemicellulose Element, the degradation of lignin and not up to good technical effect.
Therefore, the pretreatment side for the anaerobic ferment for methane that the biomass efficient including stalk can comprehensively utilize is explored Method and equipment realize that its recycling has great importance from engineering viewpoint for opening up the utilization ways of biomass.
A kind of method of High-efficiency straw producing methane of Publication No. CN105420281A, utilizes the water-soluble of metal salt catalyst Pretreated liquid portion is subjected to biogas fermentation after liquid immersion stalk;The physical-chemical-of Publication No. CN105255953A The method of Biological Pretreatment corn stover combines 1% sodium hydroxide and mould processing stalk progress stalk ingredient point using crushing Analysis;Publication No. CN106119295A's utilizes NH4HCO3To pre-process the method for corn stover and the anaerobic fermentation of corn stover Method, using NH4HCO3Processing corn stover has simultaneously carried out anaerobic fermentation to stalk after processing.The above invention carries out stalk Anaerobic fermentation is carried out after pretreatment again, the period of anaerobic fermentation is shortened to a certain extent, improves gas production, but all deposit More many and diverse operating, due to needing to add bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry, security risk is high, and can also generate sewage in preprocessing process causes Secondary pollution there is a problem of being unable to continuous discharge and controllability be poor.Therefore, straw pretreatment method needs new breakthrough.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device, can be continuous Input and output material, controllability is stronger, convenient for operation, saves manpower, makes full use of to microbial inoculum.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
The present invention provides a kind of stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device, including spray assemblies, aeration component, diafiltration collection Liquid bath and multiple fermentation reaction rooms from top to bottom set gradually, the fermentation that the diafiltration collecting tank is set to lowermost end are anti- The lower end of room is answered, the bottom of each fermentation reaction room is provided with multiple diafiltration holes, the side setting of each reaction fermenting cellar There is the exhaust outlet being connected to outside, the other side of each reaction fermenting cellar is provided with a feeding gate, the aeration group Part is used to be passed through air to each fermentation reaction room, and the spray assemblies can be by the infiltration in microbial inoculum and the diafiltration collecting tank Filtrate is sprayed to each reaction fermenting cellar.
Preferably, the aeration component includes aeration pump and multiple aeration tubes, the aeration tube and the fermentation reaction room It corresponds, the bottom of each reaction fermenting cellar is provided with multiple aerating pores, and a aeration tube passes through described in one The aerating pore on fermentation reaction room delivers the air in the fermentation reaction room.
Preferably, the spray assemblies include microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump, microbial inoculum delivery pipe, recycling leachate delivery pipe, bacterium Agent case and multiple microbial inoculum spray tubes, an input terminal of microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump by the recycling leachate delivery pipe and Another input terminal of the diafiltration collecting tank connection, the microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump passes through the microbial inoculum delivery pipe and the bacterium The output end of the connection of agent case, microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump is connect with multiple microbial inoculum spray tubes, the microbial inoculum spray tube and The fermentation reaction room corresponds.
Preferably, each microbial inoculum spray tube is set to the indoor top of the fermentation reaction.
Preferably, multiple equally distributed spray micropores are provided on each microbial inoculum spray tube.
Preferably, the diafiltration collecting tank is in back taper, the recycling leachate delivery pipe and the diafiltration collecting tank Bottom connection.
Preferably, each feeding gate is articulated on the side wall of the reaction fermenting cellar.
Preferably, a handle is provided on the outer wall of each feeding gate.
The present invention achieves following technical effect compared with the existing technology:
Stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device provided by the invention, including spray assemblies, aeration component, diafiltration liquid collecting Slot and multiple fermentation reaction rooms from top to bottom set gradually, the bottom of each fermentation reaction room are provided with multiple diafiltration holes, aeration Component is used to be passed through air to each fermentation reaction room, and the percolate in microbial inoculum and diafiltration collecting tank can be sprayed to by spray assemblies Each reaction fermenting cellar, the microbial inoculum being sprayed in the reaction fermenting cellar on upper layer from top to bottom successively pass through the reaction fermenting cellar of lower section into It exercises and uses, so that microbial inoculum is fully used, continue on for the percolate recycling use being percolated in collecting tank to spray stalk, into The utilization rate of one step raising microbial inoculum.Stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device provided by the invention can also be achieved each fermentation reaction Room input and output material, spray and aeration parameter are controllable, and controllability is stronger, convenient for operation, save manpower.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to these attached drawings Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of stalk dry method provided by the invention fermentation pretreatment generating device.
Description of symbols: 1, exhaust outlet;2, aeration pump;3, it is percolated collecting tank;4, aerating pore;5, feeding gate;6, Hand;7, microbial inoculum spray tube;8, microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pumps;9, recycling leachate delivery pipe;10, micropore is sprayed;11, fermentation reaction Room;12, it is percolated hole;13, aeration tube.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stalk dry method ferment pretreatment generating device, can continuous feeding and discharging, controllably Property it is stronger, convenient for operation, save manpower, microbial inoculum is made full use of.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, fermenting the present embodiment provides a kind of stalk dry method pre-processes generating device, including spray assemblies, exposure Pneumatic module, diafiltration collecting tank 3 and multiple fermentation reaction rooms 11 from top to bottom set gradually, diafiltration collecting tank 3 are set to most bottom The lower end of the fermentation reaction room 11 at end, the bottom of each fermentation reaction room 11 are provided with multiple diafiltration holes 12, each reaction fermenting cellar Side is provided with the exhaust outlet 1 being connected to outside, and the air of aeration component input not being utilized is discharged by exhaust outlet 1 To outside device, each other side for reacting fermenting cellar is provided with a feeding gate 5, and aeration component is used for logical to each fermentation reaction room 11 Enter air, the percolate in microbial inoculum and diafiltration collecting tank 3 can be sprayed to each reaction fermenting cellar by spray assemblies.
Pretreatment and anaerobic ferment for methane are in two independent reaction units in the present embodiment, independently of one another, reaction It is high-efficient.The reaction fermenting cellar that the microbial inoculum being sprayed in the reaction fermenting cellar on upper layer from top to bottom successively passes through lower section is made With the microbial inoculum of i.e. upper layer spray can successively be percolated use, so that microbial inoculum is fully used, will be percolated the diafiltration in collecting tank 3 Liquid recycling use continues on for spraying stalk, further increases the utilization rate of microbial inoculum.Stalk dry method fermentation provided by the invention is pre- Processing generating device can also be achieved each 11 input and output material of fermentation reaction room, spray and aeration parameter it is controllable, controllability is stronger, convenient for behaviour Make, saves manpower.
Specifically, aeration component includes aeration pump 2 and multiple aeration tubes 13, and aeration tube 13 and fermentation reaction room 11 1 are a pair of It answers, each bottom for reacting fermenting cellar is provided with multiple aerating pores 4, and an aeration tube 13 passes through on a fermentation reaction room 11 Aerating pore 4 delivers the air in fermentation reaction room 11.When work, aeration pump 2 is by air through aeration tube 13 and aerating pore 4 It is transported in stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device, oxygen needed for providing pretreatment for it.
Spray assemblies include microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump 8, microbial inoculum delivery pipe, recycling leachate delivery pipe 9, microbial inoculum case and multiple One input terminal of microbial inoculum spray tube 7, microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump 8 is connected by recycling leachate delivery pipe 9 and diafiltration collecting tank 3 Logical, another input terminal of microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump 8 is connected to by microbial inoculum delivery pipe with microbial inoculum case, is contained with bacterium in microbial inoculum case The output end of agent, microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump 8 is connect with multiple microbial inoculum spray tubes 7, and microbial inoculum spray tube 7 and fermentation reaction room 11 are one by one It is corresponding.Specifically, each microbial inoculum spray tube 7 is set to the top in fermentation reaction room 11, in order to improve the uniformity of spray, each bacterium Multiple equally distributed spray micropores 10 are provided on agent spray tube 7.
For the ease of carrying out centralized recovery to percolate, back taper, recycling leachate conveying are set by diafiltration collecting tank 3 Pipe 9 is connected to the bottom of diafiltration collecting tank 3.
In this specific embodiment, each feeding gate 5 is articulated on the side wall of reaction fermenting cellar, for the ease of opening or closing Feeding gate 5 is provided with a handle 6 on the outer wall of each feeding gate 5.
Apply that a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention in this specification, above embodiments Explanation be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention;At the same time, for those skilled in the art, According to the thought of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion in this specification Appearance should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device, which is characterized in that including spray assemblies, aeration component, diafiltration collection Liquid bath and multiple fermentation reaction rooms from top to bottom set gradually, the fermentation that the diafiltration collecting tank is set to lowermost end are anti- The lower end of room is answered, the bottom of each fermentation reaction room is provided with multiple diafiltration holes, the side setting of each reaction fermenting cellar There is the exhaust outlet being connected to outside, the other side of each reaction fermenting cellar is provided with a feeding gate, the aeration group Part is used to be passed through air to each fermentation reaction room, and the spray assemblies can be by the infiltration in microbial inoculum and the diafiltration collecting tank Filtrate is sprayed to each reaction fermenting cellar.
2. stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aeration component packet Aeration pump and multiple aeration tubes are included, the aeration tube and the fermentation reaction room correspond, the bottom of each reaction fermenting cellar Portion is provided with multiple aerating pores, and a aeration tube will be empty by the aerating pore on a fermentation reaction room Gas is delivered in the fermentation reaction room.
3. stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the spray assemblies packet Include microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump, microbial inoculum delivery pipe, recycling leachate delivery pipe, microbial inoculum case and multiple microbial inoculum spray tubes, the microbial inoculum One input terminal of spraying supercharging pump is connected to by the recycling leachate delivery pipe with the diafiltration collecting tank, the microbial inoculum spray Another input terminal of leaching booster pump is connected to by the microbial inoculum delivery pipe with the microbial inoculum case, the microbial inoculum spraying supercharging pump Output end is connect with multiple microbial inoculum spray tubes, and the microbial inoculum spray tube and the fermentation reaction room correspond.
4. stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that each microbial inoculum spray Pipe is set to the indoor top of the fermentation reaction.
5. stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that each microbial inoculum spray Multiple equally distributed spray micropores are provided on pipe.
6. stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diafiltration collecting tank In back taper, the recycling leachate delivery pipe is connected to the bottom of the diafiltration collecting tank.
7. stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each charging door hinge It is connected on the side wall of the reaction fermenting cellar.
8. stalk dry method fermentation pretreatment generating device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each feeding gate A handle is provided on outer wall.
CN201910670258.5A 2019-07-24 2019-07-24 Straw dry fermentation pretreatment generating device Active CN110283704B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112500983A (en) * 2020-06-28 2021-03-16 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Cultivation combined type dry-wet coupling biogas production fermentation equipment

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DE102006047828A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-17 Brauer, Kathrin Continously operable fermenter for safely obtaining biogas from solid biomass and percolate in digestion chamber, includes air-lock refilling arrangement for solid biomass
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112500983A (en) * 2020-06-28 2021-03-16 农业农村部规划设计研究院 Cultivation combined type dry-wet coupling biogas production fermentation equipment

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