CN110283579B - 一种温度响应型微凝胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种温度响应型微凝胶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110283579B
CN110283579B CN201910606837.3A CN201910606837A CN110283579B CN 110283579 B CN110283579 B CN 110283579B CN 201910606837 A CN201910606837 A CN 201910606837A CN 110283579 B CN110283579 B CN 110283579B
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郑存川
黄志宇
张太亮
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Southwest Petroleum University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种温度响应型自降解微凝胶及其制备方法，属于石油开采中暂堵技术领域。其技术方案是：(1)分别配置偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐的乙醇溶液，然后将偶氮二异丁脒滴加进马来酸酐的乙醇溶液中，偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐摩尔比为1:2～3，制备带有偶氮基团的具有热降解性的交联剂；(2)将丙烯酰胺和温敏性交联剂加入烧瓶中，单体总浓度为10～30％，通氮气30min，加入0.1～0.5％的引发剂在30℃反应4～8h，粉碎、干燥制得温度响应型热降解型微凝胶。该微凝胶可用于暂堵，施工完毕后在储层温度下能够降解成水溶性的分子片段，自动解堵。该微凝胶具有制备简单、原料便宜易得等优点，在钻井、暂堵酸化、暂堵压裂中具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种温度响应型微凝胶及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钻井和采油中用于暂堵的温度响应型微凝胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
保护产油层的关键有两个重要的方面，一方面是提高钻井液与地层岩石与流体的配伍性，即使发生井漏也能将入井液对储层的伤害降至一个可以接受的范围；另一方面便是屏蔽暂堵技术，能够尽量减少外来流体与产层接触，是目前最有效、便捷、经济的增产手段。
国内老油田经过长时间的开发，随着开发的次数的增加，初次压裂的产油量不断减少，油井低产低效。而转向压裂技术是目前解决老井低产的有效办法。转向压裂技术的机理在于在注液之前先将暂堵剂注入，或将暂堵剂与压裂液液一同注入，首先对高渗透层即原有裂缝进行封堵，迫使其产生新裂缝，加强与新油气区的沟通。
酸化过程中酸液更容易进入高渗透层，使高渗透层渗透率更高，低渗透层反而没有得到改造。为了使酸液进入需要改造的低渗透层，需要注入暂堵剂将高渗透层先堵住，使酸液进入低渗透层，施工完后再处理暂堵剂。
暂堵剂作为转向的关键技术，决定着转向酸化、转向压裂工艺的成功与否，而解堵又是其工艺中的重要环节，因此除经济高效、使用方便外，暂堵剂解堵方便与否也是人们考虑的重要因素，本发明提出了温度响应型暂堵微凝胶，施工后在储层温度下能够自动降解为分子片段，自动解堵。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供一种钻井、酸化、压裂施工中暂堵用微凝胶，该微凝胶具有较好的暂堵性能，施工完后能够完全降解，自动解堵，对储层伤害较小。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案。
该微凝胶包括丙烯酰胺和温敏性交联剂两种单体，其结构式如下：
Figure GDA0002951469160000011
其中m和n是单体摩尔分数，m＝0.1～0.9，n＝1-m。
该微凝胶的制备依次包括以下步骤：(1)分别配置偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐的乙醇溶液，然后将偶氮二异丁脒滴加进马来酸酐的乙醇溶液中，偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐摩尔比为1:2～3，制备带有偶氮基团的具有热降解性的交联剂；(2)将丙烯酰胺和温敏性交联剂加入烧瓶中，单体总浓度为10～30％，通氮气30min，加入0.1～0.5％的引发剂在30℃反应4～8h，粉碎、干燥制得温度响应型自降解微凝胶。
该微凝胶可用于暂堵，施工完毕后在储层温度下能够自动降解成水溶性的分子片段，自动解堵。
本发明与现有技术比较，其有益效果是：
(1)温度响应型微凝胶具有较好的膨胀性、注入性和暂堵性能；
(2)温度响应型微凝胶施工完后在储层温度下能够自动降解成小分子片段，自动解堵，对储层伤害较小。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步说明：
实施例1
分别配置偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐的乙醇溶液，然后将偶氮二异丁脒滴加进马来酸酐的乙醇溶液中，偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐摩尔比为1:2.5，制备带有偶氮基团的具有热降解性的交联剂；将19.9g丙烯酰胺和0.1g温敏性交联剂加入烧瓶中，单体总浓度为20％，通氮气30min，加入0.5％的引发剂在30℃反应8h，粉碎、干燥制得温度响应型自降解微凝胶。该微凝胶当温度大于45℃时逐渐降解，降解后成为小分子片段，转变为澄清透明的溶液。
实施例2
分别配置偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐的乙醇溶液，然后将偶氮二异丁脒滴加进马来酸酐的乙醇溶液中，偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐摩尔比为1:3，制备带有偶氮基团的具有热降解性的交联剂；将19.8g丙烯酰胺和0.2g温敏性交联剂加入烧瓶中，单体总浓度为20％，通氮气30min，加入0.5％的引发剂在30℃反应8h，粉碎、干燥制得温度响应型自降解微凝胶。该微凝胶在80℃降解4h，微凝胶转变为澄清透明的溶液。

Claims (2)

1.一种温度响应型微凝胶，其特征在于制备方法依次包括以下步骤：(1)分别配置偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐的乙醇溶液，然后将偶氮二异丁脒的乙醇溶液滴加至马来酸酐的乙醇溶液中，偶氮二异丁脒与马来酸酐摩尔比为1:2～3，制备出带有偶氮基团的具有热降解性的交联剂；(2)将丙烯酰胺和步骤(1)中所述的交联剂加入烧瓶中，单体总浓度为10～30％，通氮气30min，加入0.1～0.5％的引发剂在30℃反应4～8h，粉碎、干燥制得温度响应型自降解微凝胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种温度响应型微凝胶的应用，其特征在于：该微凝胶可用于暂堵，施工完毕后在储层温度下能够自动降解成水溶性的分子片段，自动解堵。
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