CN110279059A - A kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus - Google Patents
A kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110279059A CN110279059A CN201910493515.2A CN201910493515A CN110279059A CN 110279059 A CN110279059 A CN 110279059A CN 201910493515 A CN201910493515 A CN 201910493515A CN 110279059 A CN110279059 A CN 110279059A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/27—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/34—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using microwaves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microwave-assisted methods for killing aspergillus flavus, use microwave, light electrolysis and ozone Combined Treatment to the solid matter of easy growth aspergillus flavus；The light electrolysis time is 5 ~ 30min；The ozone intake is 5 ~ 10g/m3；The microwave power is 500 ~ 1200W, and microwave frequency is 300MHz ~ 2450MHz, and temperature setting is 35 ~ 45 DEG C, and microwave uses batch process, and the working time is 5 ~ 60 s, 15 ~ 60 s of interval time, repeats microwave and operates 5 ~ 10 times.Method of the invention can in the crops and feed such as corn, wheat, paddy, sugarcane aspergillus flavus and its spore kill, the killing rate of aspergillus flavus is 90 ~ 97%, to reduce the ability that aspergillus flavus produces poison, do not generate chemical residual, no pollution to the environment, Product Safety is high, has good development prospect in fields such as food, feed processings.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to kill aspergillus flavus field, and in particular to a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus.
Background technique
Aspergillus flavus, Fungi Imperfecti, a kind of common saprophytic fungus.It is more common in mouldy grain, grain product and other mould corruption
On organic matter, aflatoxin is easily generated after polluting cereal crops.Aflatoxin is that grain is polluted in China and world wide
Oily crop, food and feed most important mycotoxin, have virulent property and carcinogenicity, seriously endanger human and livestock health.1993
Year, it is one of known strongest carcinogenic substance that aflatoxin B1, which is classified as I class carcinogenic substance by the World Health Organization,.
Chinese patent CN01107435.3 discloses the poison-removing method of aflatoxin in raw material for brewing seasonings, feature
It is directly to mix with raw material for brewing seasonings after Mechanical Crushing after Armillariella tabescens or fermentation of Aspergillus niger or fermentation, Huo Zheyong
The Aflatoxin-detofizyme B1 of energy aflatoxin degradation is mixed with raw material for brewing seasonings, and temperature is 25~70 DEG C, humidity
It is sufficiently mixed 5~120 minutes under conditions of being 6.0~8.5 for 20%~80%, pH.Patent CN201710141228.6 is disclosed
For one kind for aflatoxin degradation adsorbent and preparation method thereof, raw material includes: 20 ~ 30 parts of stearic acid, acyl by weight
5 ~ 15 parts of amine wax, 3 ~ 9 parts of dibutyl tin dilaurate, 4 ~ 6 parts of polypropylene, 2 ~ 5 parts of dibutyl carboxyl toluene, diethylenetriamine 1 ~
4 parts, 3 ~ 6 parts of active carbon, montmorillonite 2 ~ 5 part, 3 ~ 4 parts of bentonite, 2 ~ 8 parts of palygorskite, 3 ~ 9 parts of lignin, silane coupling agent KH ~
5702 ~ 5 parts, 3 ~ 6 parts of Glucomannan, 4 ~ 8 parts of sodium hypochlorite.The substance additionally added during aflatoxin degradation such as enzyme
It is difficult to separate from raw material, and degradation speed is slow.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of microwave-assisted methods for killing aspergillus flavus, to easy growth
The solid matter of aspergillus flavus uses microwave, light electrolysis and ozone Combined Treatment.Method of the invention can to corn, wheat, paddy,
Aspergillus flavus in the crops and feed such as sugarcane is killed, and reduces the aflatoxin in cereal crops and feed, institute indirectly
Facilitate acquisition with substance, chemical residual will not be generated, no pollution to the environment, Product Safety is high, leads in food, feed processing etc.
Domain has good development prospect.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus mainly uses microwave, micro- electricity to the solid matter of easy growth aspergillus flavus
Solution and ozone Combined Treatment；The light electrolysis time is 5 ~ 30min；The ozone intake is 5 ~ 10g/m3；The microwave function
Rate is 500 ~ 1200W, and microwave frequency is 300MHz ~ 2450MHz, and temperature setting is 35 ~ 45 DEG C, and microwave treatment uses at interval
Reason, work 5 ~ 60 s, is then spaced 15 ~ 60 s, repeats microwave and operates 5 ~ 10 times.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the step of microwave-assisted killing aspergillus flavus are as follows:
(1) solid matter capable of washing of easy growth aspergillus flavus is collected, is placed in micro cell；
(2) after injection light electrolysis liquid floods solid matter capable of washing in micro cell, start light electrolysis；
(3) after light electrolysis, solid matter capable of washing is taken out from micro cell, is placed in microwave office；Be passed through ozone 5 ~
10g/m3, start microwave immediately after；
(4) it after microwave, is rinsed solid matter 1 ~ 2 time using clear water, it is dry, that is, obtain the solid matter for killing aspergillus flavus.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the light electrolysis liquid is sodium chloride solution, and mass fraction is 1 ~ 5%.
As a further explanation of the present invention, its time of the light electrolysis is 5 ~ 10min, and intensity is 0.5 ~ 2V/cm, power
It for 300 ~ 800W, is aerated when starting light electrolysis into micro cell, control aeration quantity is 10 ~ 50L/m3Min, electrolyte
Dissolved oxygen amount is 0.5 ~ 1mg/L.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the microwave power is 1200W, microwave frequency 915MHz, temperature setting
It is 40 DEG C, microwave uses batch process, and work 20s, and then pause 15s, is repeated 6 times.
As a further explanation of the present invention, it is described it is easy growth aspergillus flavus solid matter capable of washing include peanut, corn,
Paddy, sugarcane, adlay, soybean, wheat.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the step of microwave-assisted killing aspergillus flavus are as follows:
(1) the solid matter not capable of washing collection of easy growth aspergillus flavus is placed in light electrolysis room, starts light electrolysis, when light electrolysis
Between be 20 ~ 30min, intensity be 1.5 ~ 3V/cm, power be 600 ~ 1000W；
(2) after light electrolysis, solid matter capable of washing is placed in microwave office, 5 ~ 10g/m of ozone is passed through3, then start
The power adjustment of microwave is 800 ~ 1000W by microwave, and microwave frequency is 2050MHz ~ 2450MHz, and temperature setting is 35 ~ 40 DEG C,
Microwave treatment uses batch process, and work 30 ~ 60 s, is then spaced 15 ~ 30 s, repeats microwave and operates 8 ~ 10 times；
(4) after microwave, active carbon is added, takes out active carbon after standing 2 ~ 6h, that is, obtains the solids for killing aspergillus flavus
Matter.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the addition quality of active carbon be solid matter not capable of washing quality 20 ~
30%。
It as a further explanation of the present invention, is 900W, microwave frequency 2450MHz, temperature by the power adjustment of microwave
35 DEG C are set as, microwave uses batch process, and work 40s, and then pause 15s, is repeated 8 times.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the solid matter not capable of washing of the easy growth aspergillus flavus is feed.
Technical principle of the invention is as follows:
In many crops, aflatoxin is mainly derived from the fungies such as aspergillus flavus, and the quantity of toxin and fungi is proportional.It is micro-
Wave kills aspergillus flavus and belongs to physical method, and microwave is the electromagnetic wave of frequency 300MHz-300GHz a kind of, has penetrability, selectivity
Heating and non-thermal characteristics mainly make intracellular DNA, protein, rouge using microwave ability to the principle that aspergillus flavus is killed
The high speed oscillation rotation of the macromoleculars such as matter generates strong impulse and acts on and weaken its certain chemical bond until fracture, destroys cell
Structure inactivates aspergillus flavus, to reach killing purpose.By killing microwave aspergillus flavus, aspergillus flavus can be significantly reduced and produce poison
Ability, reduces the content of aflatoxin indirectly, so that aflatoxin residual quantity in the food made with the raw material be made to subtract
It is few.Light electrolysis also belongs to physical method, carries out before microwave treatment crops, can be effectively by macromolecules degradation, and light electrolysis is to Huang
Aspergillus dielectric property has aggtegation, by microelectrolysis processing, then carries out microwave treatment, can be more efficient and quickly by agriculture
Aspergillus flavus carries out killing removing in crop.
After ozone treatment belongs to the degradation that chemical method, microwave and light electrolysis kill aspergillus flavus in crops, ozone is utilized
Effectively aspergillus flavus can be cracked and be removed, the Toxin producing C of aspergillus flavus is made to tend to nothing.But its removing speed is slow, low efficiency.Smelly
While aspergillus flavus is killed in oxygen oxidation, killing microwave is carried out, killing for aspergillus flavus can be accelerated, improving reduces aflatoxin content
Effect.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) present invention killing aspergillus flavus speed is fast, high-efficient, and the killing rate of aspergillus flavus is 90 ~ 97%, can effectively inhibit aspergillus flavus
The generation of toxin improves Product Safety.
(2) light electrolysis of the invention and microwave treatment also have good killing effect, ozone to the aspergillus flavus inside raw material
Processing can accelerate the degradation of aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin.
(3) without chemical agent residue after the completion of handling, the direct use or further processing of raw material are not influenced.
(4) at low cost, simple process of the invention, reaction condition control well, use easy to spread.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) peanut, corn, adlay, soybean, the wheat of easy growth aspergillus flavus are collected, is placed in micro cell；
(2) implantation quality score is 2% sodium chloride solution in micro cell, and peanut, corn, adlay, soybean, wheat are flooded
Afterwards, start light electrolysis, its time of light electrolysis is 6min, intensity 1.2V/cm, power 600W, toward micro- electricity when starting light electrolysis
Xie Chizhong is aerated, and control aeration quantity is 35L/m3Min, electrolyte dissolved oxygen amount are 0.8mg/L；
(3) after light electrolysis, peanut, corn, adlay, soybean, wheat is taken out from micro cell, are placed in microwave office；
Then pass to ozone 6g/m3Start microwave, microwave power 1200W, microwave frequency 915MHz, temperature setting 40 immediately afterwards
DEG C, microwave uses batch process, and work 20s, and then pause 15s, is repeated 6 times；
(4) after killing microwave, peanut, corn, adlay, soybean, wheat 2 times is rinsed using clear water, killed after dry
Go out peanut, corn, adlay, soybean, the wheat of aspergillus flavus.
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is detected using method of dilution butteron on plate, aspergillus flavus total plate count is 1500CFU/g, processing before handling
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is 45CFU/g afterwards, and the killing rate of aspergillus flavus is 97% after method processing of the invention.
Embodiment 2:
(1) sugarcane of easy growth aspergillus flavus is collected, is placed in micro cell；
(2) implantation quality score is 5% sodium chloride solution in micro cell, after sugarcane is flooded, starts light electrolysis, light electrolysis
Its time is 10min, intensity 2V/cm, power 800W, is aerated when starting light electrolysis into micro cell, and control exposes
Tolerance is 50L/m3Min, electrolyte dissolved oxygen amount are 1mg/L；
(3) after light electrolysis, sugarcane is taken out from micro cell, is placed in microwave office；Then pass to ozone 10g/m3Afterwards
Start microwave, microwave power 1000W, microwave frequency 433MHz immediately, temperature setting is 45 DEG C, and microwave uses at interval
Reason, work 30s, and then pause 20s, is repeated 5 times；
(4) after killing microwave, rinsed sugarcane 1 time using clear water, obtained after dry the peanut for killing aspergillus flavus, corn,
Adlay, soybean, wheat.
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is detected using method of dilution butteron on plate, aspergillus flavus total plate count is 1200CFU/g, processing before handling
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is 115CFU/g afterwards, and the killing rate of aspergillus flavus is 90.4% after method processing of the invention.
Embodiment 3:
(1) paddy of easy growth aspergillus flavus is collected, is placed in micro cell；
(2) implantation quality score is 1% sodium chloride solution in micro cell, after paddy is flooded, starts light electrolysis, light electrolysis
Its time is 5min, intensity 0.5V/cm, power 300W, is aerated when starting light electrolysis into micro cell, and control exposes
Tolerance is 10L/m3Min, electrolyte dissolved oxygen amount are 0.5mg/L；
(3) after light electrolysis, paddy is taken out from micro cell, is placed in microwave office；Then pass to ozone 5g/m3After stand
Start microwave, microwave power 500W, microwave frequency 915MHz, temperature setting is 35 DEG C, and microwave uses batch process, work
Make 20s, then pause 15s, is repeated 6 times；
(4) after killing microwave, rinsed paddy 2 times using clear water, obtained after dry the peanut for killing aspergillus flavus, corn,
Adlay, soybean, wheat.
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is detected using method of dilution butteron on plate, aspergillus flavus total plate count is 900CFU/g, processing before handling
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is 70CFU/g afterwards, and the killing rate of aspergillus flavus is 92.2% after method processing of the invention.
Embodiment 4:
(1) the feed collection of easy growth aspergillus flavus is placed in light electrolysis room, starts light electrolysis, the light electrolysis time is 30min, by force
Degree is 2.5V/cm, power 800W；
(2) after light electrolysis, feed is placed in microwave office, is passed through ozone 7g/m3, then start microwave, by the function of microwave
Rate is adjusted to 900W, microwave frequency 2450MHz, and temperature setting is 35 DEG C, and microwave uses batch process, and work 10s, then stops
15s, is repeated 8 times, and microwave treatment uses batch process, and work 30 ~ 60 s, is then spaced 15 ~ 30 s, repeat microwave operation 8 ~
10 times；
(4) after microwave, active carbon is added, active carbon is added 25% that quality is feeding quality, will live after standing 5h after mixing
Property charcoal take out, that is, obtain kill aspergillus flavus feed.
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is detected using method of dilution butteron on plate, aspergillus flavus total plate count is 1800CFU/g, processing before handling
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is 90CFU/g afterwards, and the killing rate of aspergillus flavus is 95% after method processing of the invention.
Embodiment 5:
(1) the feed collection of easy growth aspergillus flavus is placed in light electrolysis room, starts light electrolysis, the light electrolysis time is 20min, by force
Degree is 1.5V/cm, power 600W；
(2) after light electrolysis, feed is placed in microwave office, is passed through ozone 8g/m3, then start microwave, by the function of microwave
Rate is adjusted to 1000W, microwave frequency 2450MHz, and temperature setting is 40 DEG C, and microwave treatment uses batch process, and work 60 s,
Then 30 s are spaced, microwave is repeated and operates 8 times；
(4) after microwave, active carbon is added, active carbon is added 30% that quality is feeding quality, will live after standing 4h after mixing
Property charcoal take out, that is, obtain kill aspergillus flavus feed.
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is detected using method of dilution butteron on plate, aspergillus flavus total plate count is 1000CFU/g, processing before handling
Aspergillus flavus total plate count is 85CFU/g afterwards, and the killing rate of aspergillus flavus is 91.5% after method processing of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus, which is characterized in that used to the solid matter of easy growth aspergillus flavus micro-
Wave, light electrolysis and ozone Combined Treatment；The light electrolysis time is 5 ~ 30min；The ozone intake is 5 ~ 10g/m3；It is described
Microwave power is 500 ~ 1200W, and microwave frequency is 300MHz ~ 2450MHz, and temperature setting is 35 ~ 45 DEG C, between microwave treatment uses
It has a rest processing, work 5 ~ 60 s, is then spaced 15 ~ 60 s, repeats microwave and operates 5 ~ 10 times.
2. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described microwave-assisted to kill
Go out aspergillus flavus the step of are as follows:
(1) solid matter capable of washing of easy growth aspergillus flavus is collected, is placed in micro cell；
(2) after injection light electrolysis liquid floods solid matter capable of washing in micro cell, start light electrolysis；
(3) after light electrolysis, solid matter capable of washing is taken out from micro cell, is placed in microwave office；Be passed through ozone 5 ~
10g/m3, start microwave immediately after；
(4) it after microwave, is rinsed solid matter 1 ~ 2 time using clear water, it is dry, that is, obtain the solid matter for killing aspergillus flavus.
3. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the light electrolysis liquid is
Sodium chloride solution, mass fraction are 1 ~ 5%.
4. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the light electrolysis is at that time
Between be 5 ~ 10min, intensity be 0.5 ~ 2V/cm, power be 300 ~ 800W, start light electrolysis when be aerated into micro cell,
Control aeration quantity is 10 ~ 50L/m3Min, electrolyte dissolved oxygen amount are 0.5 ~ 1mg/L.
5. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the microwave power is
1200W, microwave frequency 915MHz, temperature setting are 40 DEG C, and microwave uses batch process, and work 20s, and then pause 15s, weight
It is 6 times multiple.
6. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the easy growth is yellow bent
Mould solid matter capable of washing includes peanut, corn, paddy, sugarcane, adlay, soybean, wheat.
7. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described microwave-assisted to kill
Go out aspergillus flavus the step of are as follows:
(1) the solid matter not capable of washing collection of easy growth aspergillus flavus is placed in light electrolysis room, starts light electrolysis, when light electrolysis
Between be 20 ~ 30min, intensity be 1.5 ~ 3V/cm, power be 600 ~ 1000W；
(2) after light electrolysis, solid matter capable of washing is placed in microwave office, 5 ~ 10g/m of ozone is passed through3, then start micro-
The power adjustment of microwave is 800 ~ 1000W by wave, and microwave frequency is 2050MHz ~ 2450MHz, and temperature setting is 35 ~ 40 DEG C, micro-
Wave processing uses batch process, and work 30 ~ 60 s, is then spaced 15 ~ 30 s, repeats microwave and operates 8 ~ 10 times；
(4) after microwave, active carbon is added, takes out active carbon after standing 2 ~ 6h, that is, obtains the solids for killing aspergillus flavus
Matter.
8. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the addition matter of active carbon
Amount is the 20 ~ 30% of the quality of solid matter not capable of washing.
9. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: by the power tune of microwave
Whole is 900W, and microwave frequency 2450MHz, temperature setting is 35 DEG C, and microwave uses batch process, and work 40s, is then paused
15s is repeated 8 times.
10. a kind of microwave-assisted method for killing aspergillus flavus according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the easy growth is yellow
The solid matter not capable of washing of aspergillus is feed.
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| US20080260922A1 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-10-23 | Robin Duncan Kirkpatrick | Method for treating raw and processed grains and starches |
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