CN110278890A - A kind of cultural method of raw fish - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of raw fish Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110278890A CN110278890A CN201910259834.7A CN201910259834A CN110278890A CN 110278890 A CN110278890 A CN 110278890A CN 201910259834 A CN201910259834 A CN 201910259834A CN 110278890 A CN110278890 A CN 110278890A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- raw fish
- cultural method
- raw
- vitamin
- fermented feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of cultural method of raw fish, using the raw fish of fermented feed feeding, the excrement purifying water body generated using raw fish.In the cultivation of raw fish, water body is important as raw fish itself, can be with the excrement in rapid digestion water body containing the probiotics of proper ratio in the excrement of raw fish, also it is unlikely to that bacterial content is excessively high to lead to water eutrophication, good water quality preferably promotes the growth of raw fish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultivation fields, more particularly, to a kind of cultural method of raw fish.
Background technique
The raw fish culture in China is mainly in Guangdong, and especially in Pearl River Deltas areas such as Shuande, middle mountains, cultivation is concentrated the most.Raw fish is supported
It grows mostly using high density high yield breed in stew, year per mu yield is up to ten thousand jin of 1.5-2.Traditional life fish culture is with chilled feeding
Hello.In recent years, raw fish artitificial food instruction is eaten successfully, can feed pellet cultivation, the protein level of feed is generally higher, has
Product protein be up to 40% or more.
Main problem existing for raw fish culture industry: the long speed of raw fish is fast, and premunition is poor, and raiser needs with a large amount of antibiosis
Usually diseases prevention is cured the disease, and is formed one jin of fish and is averaged medication 0.25-0.3 member, aquatic products medicine is residual universal serious, has seriously affected country
Food safety;Severe water pollution.Because high density, height feed intake, cause breeding water body ammonia nitrogen, nitrite exceeded for a long time, frequency
Numerous disinfection water body, frequently changes water, causes a large amount of water pollutant outlet, and water body medicine is residual serious, affects the mankind and depends on for existence
Water resource safety;Raw fish causes intestines problem, disease in the liver and gallbladder frequently to occur, makes because largely feeding high protein feed for a long time
Cheng Shengyu mortality, raiser's loss are very big;Common raw fish pellet frequently results in raw fish apositia and takes place frequently.Raw fish is detested
Food can continue 15-30 days, and ingesting, it is few always to be greatly reduced or even ingest some months, and growth retardation, a culture-cycle is not up to
To listing specification, very huge economic loss is caused.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at solve the problems, such as to encounter in raw fish culture.
According to above goal of the invention, a kind of cultural method of raw fish is disclosed first, using the raw fish of fermented feed feeding, benefit
The excrement purifying water body generated with raw fish.
Preferably, it in high temperature season, disease multiple season, disease outbreak period, is fed by the 15%-25% of daily charged material weight
Fermented feed continues 5-7 days;Usually, fermented feed is fed by the 5%-15% of same day charged material weight.
Preferably, it is biological feed fermentation agent strain, the life that the fermented feed, which is with microorganism or complex enzyme,
Object feed fermentation agent strain converts the feedstock to microbial bacteria body protein, bioactive micro peptide amino acid, microbial activity benefit
Raw bacterium or complex enzyme formulation.
Preferably, the fermented feed uses in lactic acid bacteria, phytase, protease, glucose oxidase or lipase
One or more of fermentations be made.
Preferably, the lactic acid bacteria is one of lactic acid bacillus, lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus plantarum or several
Kind.
It preferably, include vitamin and/or microelement in the raw material of the fermented feed.
Preferably, the vitamin include vitamin A, it is vitamine D3, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B2, general
One or more of sour calcium, niacin, B12, choline, biology, folic acid, B1, B6, inositol or Victoria C phosphate;Described is micro
Element includes one or more of copper, manganese, zinc, iron, iodine, selenium or cobalt.
The present invention has the advantages that
1. raw fish fermented feed of the invention is rich in aqueous soluble protein, bioactive micro peptide, digestive ferment, various organic acids, high activity
Profitable strain etc. is the digestion factory of movement living.
2. microbial fermentation gives birth to fish material, the non-specific immunity of raw fish can be improved, the premunition of raw fish is remarkably reinforced,
It breaks out disease to reduce, greatly reduces the use of antibiotic in the culture-cycle, reduce fish body antibiotic residue, ensure food safety,
Intestines are good in liver protection, greatly improve the digestion and absorption function of raw fish, are saved feed, are reduced the discharge of waste.Energy efficiency.
3. the raw fish material of microbial fermentation is used for a long time, contains a large amount of viable bacteria in the excrement that raw steck goes out, sink to pool bottom still
Decomposable waste, greatly reduces the disinfection of pool water, the frequency of desinsection, reduces cultivation water discharge, energy-saving and emission-reduction, environment-friendly high-efficiency.
4. in the cultivation of raw fish, water body is important as raw fish itself, contain the prebiotic of proper ratio in the excrement of raw fish
Bacterium can also be unlikely to that bacterial content is excessively high to lead to water eutrophication with the excrement in rapid digestion water body, and good water quality is more preferable
The growth for promoting raw fish.
Specific embodiment
Present invention be described in more detail combined with specific embodiments below.Reagent that unless stated otherwise, the present invention uses,
Device and method are reagent, equipment and the conventional use of method of the art regular market purchase.
Embodiment 1
The fermented feed of the present embodiment is formed by following fermenting raw materials:
One, main material formula
1, a- starch 30-40%
2, dregs of beans 39-50%
3, peanut meal 15-20%
4, brewer's yeast 5-15%
5, fish oil 1-3%
6, lecithin 1-3%
7, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3%
8, salt 0.3-0.8%
9, lysine 0.2-0.9%
10, methionine 0.2-0.9%
11, threonine 0.2-0.9%
Two, vitamin formula (mg/kg feed)
Vitamin A (IU) 5000-8000 vitamine D3 (IU) 4800-6000
Vitamin E (milligram) 180-250 vitamin K (milligram) 12-15
Vitamin B2 (milligram) 13-20 calcium pantothenate (milligram) 35-50
B12(milligrams of niacin (milligram) 60-80) 0.04-0.06
Choline (milligram) 1500-3000 biotin (milligram) 0.4-0.6
B1(milligrams of folic acid (milligram) 7-10) 7-10
B6(milligrams) 15-20 inositol (milligram) 200-300
Victoria C phosphate (milligram) 200-250
Three, trace element formula.Organic trace element is largely used.(mg/kg feed)
Copper (milligram) 5-10 manganese (milligram) 40-75
Zinc (milligram) 100-130 iron (milligram) 180-350
Iodine (milligram) 0.6-0.9 selenium (milligram) 0.3-0.7
Cobalt (milligram) 0.1-0.2
Wherein: amino-acid chelate partially has been used to fish growth microelement of significant impact, fish assimilation effect is more preferable,
Discharge is less, efficient and healthful.It is using ferrous glycine that it is using zinc methionine, iron that copper, which is using Copper lysinate, zinc,.
Four, enzyme preparation formula.Enzyme preparation has been widely applied, digestion and absorption effect of feed is substantially improved.(mg/kg
Feed)
Phytase: 200-250 protease 200-250
Glucose oxidase 200-250 lipase 200-250
Wherein: using one such or several.
Production technology: using aerobic and anaerobism fermenting twice, cold granulation after depth fermentation, a- starch viscoplasticity is good, product
Soft particle is made.
Using the method for embodiment 1, comparative test is produced and has carried out, comparative test data shows the disinfection frequency in pond
Half is reduced, desinsection frequency reduces 60%, and cultivation water at least extends 2 times, some ponds can accomplish not change water, water-bed excrement
Dirty content significantly reduces, and water body pH value is moderate, and colour of loess liver, fatty liver gradually become ruddy, and the growth rate of raw fish mentions
It is high by 15%.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cultural method of raw fish, which is characterized in that use the raw fish of fermented feed feeding, the excrement generated using raw fish is net
Change water body.
2. the cultural method of raw fish according to claim 1, which is characterized in that high temperature season, disease multiple season or
The disease outbreak period feeds fermented feed by the 15%-25% of daily charged material weight, continues 3 days;Usually, by same day charged material weight
5%-15% feeds fermented feed.
3. the cultural method of raw fish according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fermented feed be with microorganism or
Complex enzyme is biological feed fermentation agent strain, and the biological feedstuff starter culture converts the feedstock to microbial cells egg
White, bioactive micro peptide amino acid, microbial activity probiotics or complex enzyme formulation.
4. the cultural method of raw fish according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fermented feed using lactic acid bacteria,
The fermentation of one or more of phytase, protease, glucose oxidase or lipase is made.
5. the cultural method of raw fish according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the lactic acid bacteria is lactic acid gemma bar
One or more of bacterium, lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus plantarum.
6. the cultural method of raw fish according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include dimension in the raw material of the fermented feed
Raw element and/or microelement.
7. the cultural method of raw fish according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the vitamin include vitamin A,
Vitamine D3, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B2, calcium pantothenate, niacin, B12, choline, biology, folic acid, B1, B6, inositol
Or one or more of Victoria C phosphate;The microelement includes one of copper, manganese, zinc, iron, iodine, selenium or cobalt or several
Kind.
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