KR20180076851A - fish feed composition and its manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an environmentally-friendly feed composition for fish and a production method thereof. It is possible to breed culture fish, which is environmentally-friendly and has an excellent nutrient content by recycling waste resources, by fermenting bean pods, bean embryos, bean cakes, bean-curd dregs, and the like, which are byproducts discarded after processing beans, to be combined with a feed for fish. According to the present invention, high quality culture fish can be provided by enhancing the growth rate and effective nutritional ingredients of the culture fish due to high protein and excellent nutrients contained in a soybean processed byproduct. In particular, the present invention produces a feed for Korean rockfish which is one of Korean representative culture fish, thereby strengthening fleshiness of Korean rockfish and improving physiological functionality. Finally, good quality Korean rockfish can be cultured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an eco-friendly feed composition for fishes,

The present invention relates to a method for producing fish food by utilizing soybean husks, soybean embryo, bean paste, and soybean meal, which are byproducts of processing soybean and disposing them, thereby raising resources for rearing and cultivating environmentally- To an eco-friendly feed composition for fish and a method for producing the same.

In general, food processing byproducts generated after food processing have high energy potential because of high organic matter content, which is high in value for recycling of resources. However, cost of transportation, labor, and recycling process cost for recycling, Because of this, it is difficult to manage and it is difficult to use and most of it is discarded. In the case of food processing byproducts, the content of organic matter is high, causing serious pollution such as odor when disposal.

In particular, the by-products produced after soybean processing include bean curd, soybean embryo, bean curd, and soybean curd as a by-product of the process of producing tofu and soymilk or milking the cooking oil. Such soybean processing by- Some of them are used as food or compost for some animals due to functional ingredients, but most of them are treated as waste products, and a large amount of soybean processing by-products are left untouched or abandoned. As a result, Causing the eutrophication of rivers and polluting the soil.

In the case of the soybean processing by-products, various nutrients and free amino acids are abundantly contained in physiologically active substances such as gamma aminoleic acid (GABA), isoflavone, and soyasaponin. Recently, It is expected that the components contained in the by-products will be very useful as a functional material in the future because they exhibit various physiological activities in vivo as highly functional substances having proven efficacy globally. "In particular, the isoflavones in the soybean processing by- And about 28%. Among the above isoflavones, genistein having excellent functionality contains about 39% of the total content of isoflavones and contains free amino acids, total amount of gamma amino acid (GABA) and sucrose And it can be widely used for development of various health functional foods through continuous research and development It is expected to.

Specifically, the soybean curd residue of soybean processing by-products refers to residue left over from making soybean milk or tofu, and is also referred to as soybean curd or tofu bean. Bijji are rich in di-fiber, isoflavones such as daidzein, genistein and L-carnitine, or β-conglycinin and glycinin (Choi et al., 2011). According to the report of the Korea Food Research Institute, soybeans have a dry weight of 22.18% amino acid, 54.8% dietary fiber, less than 1% oligosaccharide, 0.164% isoflavone, 3.9% protein, 2.1% Lipids, 9.6% of carbohydrates, saponin, soy peptides, lecithin, arginine and various vitamins.

These components, which are included in the above-mentioned components, not only promote fat metabolism by agonists of peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) but also inhibit biosynthesis of fatty acids and promote β-oxidation. In particular, genistein induces differentiation of adipocytes (Yun 2010). It has been reported that there is an anti-obesity effect. However, these components contained in the bean paste are strongly bound to the cell wall tissue, and various treatment methods are required to promote the function and promote absorption into the body.

It is also known that defatted soybean meal, which is remnant after milking soybean oil from soybeans, contains a large amount of oil and mineral nutrients in addition to isoflavones.

However, the amount of soybean processing by-products generated as the size of the processed food manufacturing plant using soybean is increased exponentially, which makes it difficult to store and transport soybean processing by-products, And it is difficult to dispose of byproducts of soybean processing which contains such good quality nutrients as it is. Therefore, it may be easily decayed and discharged into wastewater, causing eutrophication of rivers and causing environmental pollution problems.

Therefore, researches are continuously carried out to utilize high-quality nutrient-rich soybean processing by-products.

In general, since the feed of aquaculture fish accounts for more than half of the production cost of the aquaculture, and the water pollution by the aquaculture originates from the feed, the development of the compound feed for the target fish species should be considered as the first priority in terms of aquaculture productivity and environmental protection .

In addition, the price of the compound feed varies depending on the mixing ratio of raw materials, the type and balance of the nutrients, the kind of the ingredients to be economically mixed, the appropriate addition range, and the kinds and contents of essential nutrients, Research should be conducted to fit the species.

Of the various aquaculture species,Sebastes schlegeli) Is a representative fishing target species in Korea and is highly resistant to diseases, easy to breed and easy to manage, has a strong muscle and high flavor, and is popular as a spicy and hot fish. Domestic seed production technology has been established since the late 1980s Since then, the production has increased steadily. Recently, the total production of domestic sea fish has reached the highest level (about 30%), followed by Perch (about 45%) and its production is steadily increasing.

Recently, researches are being conducted to utilize diverse functional natural materials as feed additives to improve the productivity of fish cultured fish, the content of effective nutrients, and prevent diseases.

Registration No. 1472669 (registered with Dec. 15, 2014) discloses a combination of starch and protein as well as a rockfish formulated using a rice wine by-product containing a large amount of nutrients such as cellulose, minerals, vitamins, alcohols, organic acids, enzymes, Feed compositions are presented.

However, in the present invention, it is proved that soybean husks, soybean embryos, bean paste, and soybean bark, which are by-products of soybean processing, are used to develop feed materials containing inexpensive and high-quality nutrients to make more economical feeds, By using the byproducts, an environmentally friendly feed composition can be provided.

Registration No. 1472669 (Registered on December 15, 2014)

The present invention relates to a method for producing an eco-friendly feed composition for fish by utilizing soybean processing by-products, which is a by-product after producing processed foods using soybeans, thereby reducing environmental pollution through resource recycling, The present invention provides an eco-friendly feed composition for fishes which can breed a fish having nutritional components and a method for manufacturing the same.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an embodiment of the present invention is an eco-friendly feed composition for fish comprising soybean processing by-products as an effective ingredient.

The soybean processing by-product is a fermented soybean processing by-product obtained by inoculating microorganisms into the by-products after processing the soybean, and the by-products remaining after processing the soybean are bean husks; Bean embryo; Soybean meal, which is a by-product after extracting soybean oil; And tobacco; , And the microorganism is preferably at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of genus Bacillus.

Specifically, the eco-friendly feed composition for fish further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of fish meal, wheat flour, fish oil, starch powder, vitamin compounding agent, mineral compounding agent and choline chloride, 1 to 3 wt.% Of vitamin blend, 1 to 3 wt.% Of mineral compound, 1 to 3 wt.% Of choline chloride, 0.1 to 5 wt. To 2 wt% and soybean processing by-products 5 to 10 wt%.

In another embodiment of the present invention, soybean processing by-products further comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of fish meal, wheat flour, fish oil, starch powder, vitamin compounding agent, mineral compounding agent and choline chloride, Preparing a feed composition; Molding the feed composition into a pellet shape through a pellet forming machine; And a step of cryopreserving the formed feed composition to produce an eco-friendly feed for fish.

The soybean processing by-product is a fermented soybean processing by-product fermented by inoculating the microorganisms into the by-products after processing the soybean, and the by-products remaining after processing the soybean are bean husks; Bean embryo; Soybean meal, which is a by-product after extracting soybean oil; And tobacco; ≪ / RTI >

Preferably, the soybean processing by-product comprises a culture step of culturing at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of genus Bacillus; A spraying step of spraying microorganisms inoculated with the cultured soybeans and remaining by-products; A fermentation step of processing the soybeans absorbed by the microorganisms through the spraying step and fermenting the remaining by-products; And an enzyme reaction step of subjecting the fermented soybeans to an enzymatic reaction with the byproducts remaining after fermentation.

And a pulverizing step of processing the enzyme-reacted soybeans and drying and pulverizing the remaining by-products after the enzyme reaction step.

Wherein the fermentation step comprises processing the soybeans inoculated with the microorganisms and fermenting the remaining byproducts at 40 to 60 DEG C for 20 to 30 hours, and the enzyme reaction step is a step of fermenting the fermented soybeans, The enzyme reaction can be carried out at a temperature of 80 ° C or lower for 20 to 30 hours.

In detail, the step of preparing the feed composition comprises 60 to 80 wt% of fish meal, 5 to 15 wt% of wheat flour, 5 to 15 wt% of fish oil, 1 to 6 wt% of starch powder, 1 to 3 wt% It is preferable that the feed composition is prepared by mixing 1 to 3 wt% of a mineral mixture, 0.1 to 2 wt% of choline chloride and 5 to 10 wt% of soybean processing by-products, The molded feed composition can be stored at a temperature of -40 占 폚.

The present invention can prevent the environmental pollution by recycling waste resources by manufacturing feeds for aquaculture fish by utilizing soybean husks, soybean embryos, bean paste, soybean bark, etc., which are by-products processed by soybean processing.

In addition, when breeding aquaculture fish by feeding fish feeds containing soybean processing by-products containing excellent nutrients, the growth rate and effective nutritional content of aquaculture fish are promoted due to high protein contained in soybean processing by-products and excellent nutrition In addition, by fermenting soybean processing by-products, it is possible to increase the feed digestibility and provide high-quality cultured fish.

In particular, by manufacturing the Korean rockfish feed, which is one of representative fishes of Korea, it is possible to strengthen the meat quality of the Korean rockfish, improve the physiological function, and finally cultivate the high quality Korean rockfish.

In addition, the present invention can reduce the production cost of the feed by reducing the production cost of the feed by using the by-product of soybean processing, which is a waste, thereby contributing to the stabilization of the aquaculture management and the income increase of the fishermen.

1 is a flowchart showing a method for producing an eco-friendly feed for fish according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of measuring the activity of lysozyme in plasma of a Korean rockfish according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of measuring the recovery time after anesthesia of a Korean rockfish according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the mortality rate after air exposure of a Korean rockfish according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As well as the fact that

Throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as "including" an element, it is understood that it may include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

In each step, the identification code is used for convenience of explanation, and the identification code does not describe the order of the steps, and each step may be performed differently from the stated order unless clearly specified in the context. have. That is, each of the steps may be performed in the same order as described, or may be performed substantially concurrently or in the reverse order.

Hereinafter, the eco-friendly feed composition for fish and the method for producing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail.

First, the eco-friendly feed composition for fish of the present invention is an eco-friendly feed composition containing fish as an active ingredient, which is a by-product of soybean processing by-products, which is a by-product of manufacturing various processed foods and processed products manufactured using soybean or produced after manufacturing.

Preferably, the soybean processing by-product is a fermented soybean processing by-product fermented by inoculating the microorganism with the by-product after processing the soybean, wherein the by-product is soybean husk; Bean embryo; Soybean meal, which is a by-product after extracting soybean oil; And tobacco; ≪ / RTI >

Preferably, at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of genus Bacillus is used as the microorganism inoculated into the by-products remaining after processing the soybean.

Specifically, the eco-friendly feed composition for fish according to the present invention comprises at least one of fish meal, wheat flour, fish oil, starch powder, vitamin compounding agent, mineral compounding agent and choline chloride in addition to soybean processing by- And may further include a proper amount or a suitable amount to enhance the functionalities such as known feed additives, corn gluten, fish meal, and the like to improve the growth environment, survival rate, and growth efficiency of the fish.

The fish meal is included to supply the protein source to the fish. Preferably, the fish meal is brown fish meal, and the fish meal is dried and pulverized.

In the case of the migratory fish, the content of the muscle fat or heme pigment is relatively high. In the process of manufacturing and storing the fish meal, the components cause a persistent discoloration of the fish meal to brownish the fish meal, do.

The brown fish meal is, for example, dried and pulverized by at least one fish selected from the group consisting of sardines, herring, saury, and anchovy, and is preferably contained in an amount of 60 to 80 wt% with respect to the total weight of the feed composition. When the brown fish meal is contained in an amount of less than 60 wt%, sufficient protein is not supplied to the fish to slow the growth of the fish. When the fish meal is contained in an amount exceeding 80 wt%, it is difficult to expect a synergistic effect depending on the excess, .

The flour and starch powder is a source of carbohydrate, contained as an energy source in fish, and at the same time, imparts tackiness in the eco-friendly feed for fish of the present invention and serves as a swelling agent.

In general, fish have evolved their digestive organs so that their predominant nourishment in nature is composed of animal, such as plankton, crustaceans, etc., and through the evolutionary process, proteins and fats can be used as a primary energy source. Physiologically, fish also take a lot of time to recover the increased blood sugar levels to normal levels due to carbohydrate ingestion. Therefore, carbohydrates in fish do not supply essential nutrients, so the required amount is not set, and excessive carbohydrate intake may cause digestion, metabolic disturbance of carbohydrate intake.

However, the carbohydrate is converted into fat as an energy preserving agent during the period when food is not sufficiently supplied, and is accumulated in various tissues.

Therefore, the wheat flour preferably contains 5 to 15 wt% of the eco-friendly feed composition for fish according to the present invention and 1 to 6 wt% of the starch powder. When the wheat flour or the starch flour is contained in the range below the above- It can be easily loosened when it comes into contact with water because it is not given sufficient tackiness in the feed composition. If it exceeds the above range, digestion and metabolism disorder of fish may be caused.

The fish oil is a lipid source. The fish oil is divided into fish body oils collected from the whole body and liver oils collected from the liver. The fish oil is used to extract fat-rich fish such as sardines, herring and mackerel. It is the oil obtained by squeezing.

In particular, fish oil is rich in fat-soluble vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids. In the present invention, the fish oil contained in the eco-friendly feed composition for fish is not particularly limited and can be used. Preferably, liver oil can be used, Can be used.

The fish oil is preferably contained in the eco-friendly feed composition for fish of the present invention in an amount of 5 to 15 wt%, and if the fish oil is out of the above range, the lipid content in the feed composition is low or high, resulting in nutritional imbalance in fish .

The vitamin compounding agent, mineral compounding agent and choline chloride are supplementary nutrients which are included for the purpose of enhancing various physiological activities such as growth characteristics and immunity enhancement of aquaculture fish. Preferably, the supplemental nutrients are added to the total weight of the eco- 1 to 3 wt% of a vitamin compound, 1 to 3 wt% of a mineral mixture, and 0.1 to 2 wt% of a choline chloride, and the content is preferably in accordance with the growing environment of the cultured fish species and aquaculture fish The amount can be adjusted appropriately.

In addition, the soybean processing by-products of the present invention may be processed in a broad sense to process soybeans such as soybean oil, soymilk, tofu, etc., As a by-product, the soybean husk is preferably used as a by-product after processing the soybean; Bean embryo; Soybean meal, which is a by-product after extracting soybean oil; And tobacco; , And in the case of inclusion in the feed, soybean may be used as it is without being further processed into the by-products processed and remained, but it is preferable that the fish improves the digestibility at the time of feed intake, Fermented soybean processing by-products can be used.

The compounded feed composition having the above-described components and compositions provides the same or better effect than the existing commercially available Korean rockfish feed in all aspects of survival rate, feed efficiency, daily feed intake rate, daily protein intake rate and protein efficiency.

From the above results, it can be seen that the eco-friendly feed composition for fish according to the present invention replaces the protein feed component contained in the expensive feed composition, and the soybean processing by-product, which is a kind of waste, is contained in the total feed composition in an amount of 5-10 wt% It does not affect the feed availability and body composition, so it can reduce the unit price of the Korean rockfish animal feed as well as the environmental pollution by recycling waste resources.

The composition of the eco-friendly feed composition for fish according to the present invention not only maintains the functionality and characteristics of each ingredient but also improves the benefits of each composition as a mixture to improve the frequency of occurrence of fish diseases, , pH, and growth conditions of fish.

Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for producing an eco-friendly feed for fish, and more particularly, to a method for producing an eco-friendly feed for fish, which comprises adding fish meal, wheat flour, fish oil, starch powder, wherein the feed composition further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of lactose, Molding the feed composition into a pellet shape through a pellet forming machine; And a step of cryopreserving the molded feed composition to produce an eco-friendly feed for fish.

First, the soybean processing by-product, which is one of the protein sources of the eco-friendly feed composition for fish of the present invention, can be used as it is by processing the soybean, but preferably by processing the soybean and inoculating the remaining microorganism with the fermented fermentation Bean processing by-products. As a by-product after processing the soybean, there is no particular limitation as far as it is a by-product generated after the soybean is processed into food, industrial products, etc., preferably soybean husks; Bean embryo; Soybean meal, which is a by-product after extracting soybean oil; And tobacco; ≪ / RTI >

Specifically, the soybean processing by-product comprises a step of culturing at least one microorganism from the group consisting of genus Bacillus; A spraying step of spraying microorganisms inoculated with the cultured soybeans and remaining by-products; A fermentation step of processing soybeans inoculated with the microorganisms through the spraying step and fermenting the remaining by-products; And an enzyme reaction step of subjecting the fermented soybeans to an enzymatic reaction with the byproducts remaining after fermentation.

Preferably, the Bacillus subtilis belonging to the genus Bacillus is cultured on a nutrient broth and cultivated at 30 to 70 DEG C , pH 6.5 to 7.5 for 20 to 30 hours.

The cultured microorganisms were inoculated into water, processed with soybeans and sprayed with the remaining byproducts to process the soybeans and absorb the microorganisms in the remaining byproducts. At this time, when the microorganism was inoculated into water, the soybean was inoculated so that the number of microorganisms in the purified water was 10 ⁶ to 10 ⁸ CFU / mL, and the microorganism was sprayed on the remaining by-products to absorb the soybean into the remaining by-products.

 The soybeans may be processed by fermenting the microbe-absorbed soybean and the remaining by-products at 40 to 60 ° C for 20 to 30 hours to ferment the remaining by-products.

For example, the soybean having the microorganisms absorbed therein may be processed and the remaining by-products may be allowed to stand for 20 to 30 hours using a stirred solid fermenter at a temperature of 40 to 60 ° C. The fermented soybean is processed to remove the by- The enzyme reaction can be performed at a temperature higher than the fermentation step and a temperature of 80 ° C or less for 20 to 30 hours, preferably at 50 to 70 ° C.

The enzyme reaction step may be used to process the enzyme-treated soybean, and the remaining by-products may be used as soybean processing by-products to be mixed with feeds as they are to produce eco-friendly feed compositions for fish. However, The enzyme-reacted soybean can be dried and pulverized, and the resulting enzyme-reacted soybean can be processed and used as a by-product of soybean processing.

For example, the enzyme-reacted soybean is processed and the remaining by-products are dried in a hot air drier at 70 to 90 ° C. for 10 to 14 hours and then pulverized. When the temperature of the hot air dryer exceeds 90 ° C., The microorganisms contained in the processing by-products may be killed, and when the temperature is lower than 70 ° C, the time required for sufficiently evaporating the water may be prolonged, resulting in a decrease in productivity. After the pulverization, Can be lowered.

The fermented soybean processing by-products produced by the above-mentioned production method may further include fish feed ingredients in addition to commonly known feed compositions, preferably 60 to 80 wt% of fish meal, 5 to 15 wt% of flour, 5 to 15 wt% of fish oil, 1 to 6 wt% of starch powder, 1 to 3 wt% of vitamin blend, 1 to 3 wt% of mineral admixture, 0.1 to 2 wt% of choline chloride, It is desirable to prepare a feed composition by mixing 10 wt% of the active ingredient, which not only maintains the functionality and characteristics of each ingredient through a number of repeated experiments, but also improves the benefits The frequency of occurrence of fish diseases and the desirable content that can help fish growth.

The detailed description of each component contained in the feed composition has been given above, and thus will not be described here.

The prepared feed composition is not particularly limited as long as the fish is in a form that can be rapidly fed through the molding step. The feed composition can be formed into various forms, and can be formed into a pellet shape through a known pellet molding machine.

The molded feed composition can store the feed composition molded at a temperature of from -50 to -40 ° C through a freezing step, and in the case of the eco-friendly feed composition for fish of the present invention, And the produced eco-friendly feed composition for fish is a wet feed having a high water content, which is highly likely to deteriorate.

By using the soybean processing by-products of the present invention, when eco-friendly feeds for fish are prepared and fed to aquaculture fish, the efficiency of resources can be improved and the environmental pollution can be prevented by recycling the organic materials to be discarded, The content of the effective nutrients can be increased to provide high-quality fish to the consumers, so that an economical superior effect is expected.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

It should be understood, however, that the embodiments and examples described below are provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[Manufacturing Example]

Manufacture of eco-friendly feed for fish

As a by - product of soybean processing, bean cooking oil was prepared and soybean meal was used as a residue to make fermented soybean processing by - products. Specifically, Bacillus subtilis was inoculated into nutrient broth (NB, Rye Detection, MI, USA) and cultured at 50 ° C and pH 7.0 for 24 hours. Then, purified water inoculated with Bacillus subtilis at a concentration of 10 ⁷ CFU / ml The resulting bean curds were uniformly sprayed and absorbed and then fermented in a 50 캜 agitated solid fermenter (HAEMA 50L-2) for 24 hours, and then the temperature was raised to 60 캜 to induce the enzyme reaction for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the bean curd with the enzyme reaction was dried in a hot-air dryer at 80 ° C for 12 hours and then pulverized to prepare a fermented soybean processing by-product.

Brown meal (Itata, Chile) containing protein content of 65 wt% and lipid content of 12% was used for fish meal. CJ Cheiljedang wheat flour was used for flour and α-potato starch (Ihwa, Korea) was used as the fish oil and the total crude protein content of the mixed composition was about 48%.

The vitamin combination was 0.27 mg of retinol acetate, 0.005 mg of cholecalciferol, 22.5 mg of vitamin E, 2.5 mg of vitamin K3, 5.5 mg of thiamine, and 5 mg of riboflavin riboflavin, 10 mg of pyridoxine, 6 mg of L-ascorbic acid, 37.5 mg of Niacin, 2 mg of folic acid, 0.05 mg of biotin, ) Were diluted in 1 g of alpha-cellulose and used,

Minerals were prepared by mixing 3.2 mg of peptide Mn, 3.2 mg of peptide Zn, 3.0 mg of peptide iron, 0.36 mg of peptide Cu, 100 mg of magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ ) 47%) (KCl) 60 mg , aluminum hydroxide _{(Al (OH) 3) 1.06} mg, iodine, calcium _{(Ca (IO 3) 2)} 0.475 mg, cobalt sulfate (CoSO ₄₎ to 0.475 mg alpha cellulose (alpha-cellulose ) Was used.

First, 100 g of a mixture was prepared by uniformly mixing 72 g of brown fish meal, 10 g of flour, 10 g of squid liver oil, 3 g of α-potato starch, 2 g of vitamin blend, 2 g of mineral mixture and 1 g of choline chloride Then, the mixture was further mixed with soybean processing by-products. As shown in Table 1, the soybean processing by-products or fermented soybean processing by-products were 0 wt%, 3.0 wt%, 5.0 wt% wt.%, 10.0 wt.% and 20.0 wt.%, respectively.

The prepared feed composition was pelletized using a moist pellet to prepare eco-friendly feeds for fishes of Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, followed by rapid freezing in a -45 ° C cryogenic freezer (OPERON, Korea).

Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Brown fish meal 72.0 69.84 68.40 64.80 64.80 57.60 flour 10.0 9.70 9.50 9.00 9.00 8.00 Squid liver oil 10.0 9.70 9.50 9.00 9.00 8.00 α-potato starch 3.0 2.91 2.85 2.70 2.70 2.40 vitamin
Compounding agent 2.0 1.94 1.90 1.80 1.80 1.60 mineral
mixture 2.0 1.94 1.90 1.80 1.80 1.60 Choline chloride 1.0 0.97 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.80 Soybean processing by-products Whether it is fermented - ○ ○ ○ × ○ content - 3.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 20.0

^{(unit : wt% )}

[Experimental Example 1]

Measurement of proximate composition of feed

The composition ratios of the mixed feeds were measured as shown in Table 1, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 moisture
(Moisture) 14.2 14.5 14.7 14.4 15.1 14.3 Crude protein
(Crude protein) 48.4 48.2 53.7 54.9 48.3 55.7 Crude lipid
(Crude lipid) 12.7 12.7 7.9 6.6 12.1 5.7 Ash
(Ash) 9.4 9.3 7.6 7.9 9.5 8.3 carbohydrate
(Carbohydrate) 14.8 15.3 16.1 16.2 15.0 16.0

^{(unit : % , carbohydrate( % ) = 100%  - (moisture + Crude protein + Crude fat + Ash) % )}

[ Experimental Example 2]

Breeding and management of experimental fishes

The experimental fish used in this experiment was a rockfish, produced in a festive farm in March 2015 and transported to the Fisheries Science Research Center in Chonnam National University in May to stabilize the fish before breeding experiment. Commercial feed (crude protein 48% crude lipid 12%, Japan) was supplied and preliminary breeding was carried out for 3 months.

Forty 40 dogs were randomly extracted from each experimental group and received in 15 300 L FRP water tanks. The results were as shown in Table 1, , 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were fed for a total of 8 weeks.

The feeds were fed twice daily (08:00, 18:00) until no food was consumed. During the experimental period, the feed water was kept at 5 L / min and the water temperature was 20.2 ± 2.3 ℃ , Dissolved oxygen was 6.3 ± 0.4 mg / L and salinity was 32.0 ± 1.2 psu.

The significance test was carried out using the software package (Ver. 19) of SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) using PSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, The significance was tested by Duncan's multiple range test at <0.05 level.

In addition, the results of the experiments are mean ± SD, with significance at Duncan's multiple range test at P <0.05, and the other alphabetical indications of the superscripted values are the same Indicating significant differences in outcome.

[Experimental Example 3]

Experimental  General compositional analysis

In Experimental Example 1, 10 rats were randomly collected from each experiment, and the collected test samples were rapidly frozen at -45 ° C in a cryogenic freezer (OPERON, Korea). The frozen experimental fish was pulverized and the moisture was analyzed by the automatic moisture analyzer (HR 73 halogen moisture analyzer, Swizerland), Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method (N × 6.25) and crude fat Soxhlet extraction method (ether extraction method) according to AOAC (1995) The ash was analyzed by direct method and the carbohydrate was calculated by the following formula.

Carbohydrate (%) = 100% - (Moisture + Crude protein + Crude fat +

Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 moisture
(Moisture) 64.6 + - 0.6 ^b1 64.5 ± 0.5 ^b1 65.1 ± 1.1 ^b 64.0 ± 0.7 ^ab 65.5 ± 0.2 ^b 62.7 ± 0.5 ^a Crude protein
(Crude protein) 15.5 ± 0.1 ^a 15.7 ± 0.7 ^a 15.7 ± 0.1 ^b 16.6 + - 0.1 ^c 15.6 + 0.7 ^a 16.5 ± 0.0 ^c Crude lipid
(Crude lipid) 15.2 + 1.7 ^b 15.1 ± 1.1 ^b 12.5 + 0.4 ^a 11.9 + 0.0 ^a 14.1 ± 1.8 ^b 13.6 + 0.4 ^ab Ash
(Ash) 3.6 ± 0.0 ^a 3.8 ± 0.4 ^a 4.0 ± 0.1 ^b 4.1 ± 0.1 ^c 3.7 ± 0.2 ^bc 4.0 ± 0.0 ^bc carbohydrate
(Carbohydrate) 1.2 ± 1.0 ^ns 1.3 ± 1.7 ^ns 2.8 ± 1.6 3.5 ± 0.8 1.2 ± 0.7 ^ns 3.2 ± 1.0

The results of Table 3 show that Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 2 and 4 in which fermented soybean processing by-products were added and Comparative Example 3 in which fermented soybean processing by-products were added and fermented soybean processing by-products were added, In the general composition analysis of the Korean rockfish of Comparative Example 1, which is an unfavorable diet, no significant difference was observed according to addition or absence of addition, but in the general composition of the experimental fishes fed for 8 weeks, Of the fermented soybean, and the fermented soybean was significantly higher in the crude protein compared with the fermented soybean processing by-products in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 2 and 4. However, The crude protein content was low in Example 2 containing 10 wt% by-products of processing and Comparative Example 3 containing soybean processing by-products as it was.

In addition, crude lipid was lower in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 (P < 0.05) than those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and ash was higher than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In contrast, the carbohydrates were obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 2 and 4 in which fermented soybean by-products were added, Comparative Example 3 in which fermented soybean processing by-products were added without fermentation, 1), but there was no significant difference (P> 0.05)

[Experimental Example 4]

Fatty acid content analysis of experimental fishes

The fatty acid was methylesterified in the experimental fish sample powders of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3 which were powdered in the same manner as in Experimental Example 3 according to the AOCS method (1990), and then the capillary column (Omegawax 320 fused silica capillary column, (Shimadzu GC 14A, Shimadzu Seisakusho, Co. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) equipped with a magnetic stirrer, 30 m x 0.32 mm id, Supelco Pack, Bellefonte, Pa. The conditions for the analysis were as follows: the injector (Fid) temperature was 250 ° C, the column temperature was maintained at 180 ° C for 8 minutes, the temperature was increased to 230 ° C at 3 ° C / min and maintained for 15 minutes. The carrier gas was helium (transport pressure: 1.0 kg / cm2), split ratio was 1:50, and methyltricosanoate (Aldrich Chem. Co., Milwaukee, WI, USA) was used as the internal standard.

Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 C12: 0 0.2 ± 0.0 ^ns 0.2 ± 0.0 0.2 ± 0.0 0.2 ± 0.0 0.2 ± 0.2 0.2 ± 0.0 C13: 0 0.1 ± 0.0 ^b1 0.1 ± 0.1 ^b1 0.0 ± 0.0 ^a 0.1 ± 0.0 ^a 0.1 ± 0.4 ^b1 0.1 ± 0.0 ^a C14: 0 8.1 ± 0.1 ^ns 8.1 ± 0.1 8.6 ± 0.4 8.1 ± 0.4 7.9 ± 0.3 7.9 ± 0.2 C15: 0 0.9 ± 0.1 ^ns 0.9 ± 0.1 0.7 ± 0.0 0.8 ± 0.0 0.9 ± 0.1 0.8 ± 0.0 C16: 0 25.7 ± 1.1 ^ns 25.3 ± 0.1 25.4 ± 0.3 24.8 ± 0.1 25.4 ± 0.2 25.0 ± 0.2 C17: 0 0.8 ± 0.1 ^b 0.8 ± 0.2 ^b 0.7 ± 0.0 ^a 0.9 ± 0.0 ^b 0.8 ± 0.2 ^b 0.8 ± 0.0 ^b C18: 0 7.7 ± 0.5 ^b 7.4 ± 0.7 6.5 ± 0.3 ^a 7.5 ± 0.3 ^b 7.5 ± 0.2 7.6 ± 0.3 ^b C20: 0 2.0 ± 0.1 ^c 2.1 ± 0.3 ^c 1.7 ± 0.1 ^a 2.1 ± 0.0 ^c 2.0 ± 0.1 ^c 2.0 ± 0.0 ^b C21: 0 0.3 ± 0.0 ^b 0.3 ± 0.0 ^b 0.6 ± 0.0 ^c 0.2 ± 0.0 ^a 0.3 ± 0.1 ^b 0.2 ± 0.0 ^a C22: 0 1.0 ± 0.2 ^a 1.0 ± 0.2 ^a 2.3 ± 0.1 ^b 2.7 ± 0.0 ^c 1.0 ± 0.1 ^a 2.6 ± 0.1 ^c C23: 0 1.4 ± 0.1 ^a 1.4 ± 0.8 1.6 ± 0.0 ^b 1.4 ± 0.0 ^a 1.4 ± 1.8 1.4 ± 0.1 ^a C24: 0 1.6 ± 0.2 ^b 1.6 ± 0.3 1.3 ± 0.0 ^a 1.5 ± 0.0 ^b 1.6 ± 0.5 1.6 ± 0.1 ^b Saturates 49.7 ± 1.8 ^ns 49.7 ± 1.7 49.6 ± 1.1 50.2 ± 1.0 49.8 ± 1.7 50.2 ± 1.0 C14: 1 0.4 ± 0.0 ^b 0.4 ± 0.1 ^b 0.2 ± 0.0 ^a 0.4 ± 0.0 ^b 0.3 ± 0.2 ^b 0.4 ± 0.0 ^b C16: 1 6.3 ± 0.6 ^ns 6.0 ± 0.1 6.0 ± 0.5 5.9 ± 0.2 6.0 ± 0.7 6.1 ± 0.1 C17: 1 0.8 ± 0.0 ^b 0.8 ± 0.0 ^b 0.6 ± 0.0 ^a 0.7 ± 0.0 ^b 0.8 ± 0.1 ^b 0.8 ± 0.0 ^b C18: 1n-9
(trans) 0.5 ± 0.0 ^ns 0.4 ± 0.9 0.6 ± 0.0 0.6 ± 0.0 0.4 ± 0.1 0.6 ± 0.0 C18: 1n-9
(cis) 16.8 ± 1.2 ^ab 16.1 ± 1.3 18.1 ± 0.6 ^b 16.2 + 0.2 ^a 15.8 ± 1.4 16.0 + 0.4 ^a C20: 1 3.6 ± 0.7 ^ns 3.5 ± 0.6 3.5 ± 0.2 3.5 ± 0.1 3.4 ± 0.5 3.7 ± 0.1 C22: 1n-9 0.7 ± 0.1 ^ab 0.7 ± 0.7 0.7 ± 0.0 ^a 0.7 ± 0.0 ^b 0.7 ± 0.7 0.7 ± 0.0 ^b C24: 1 0.7 ± 0.1 ^a 0.7 ± 0.9 ^a 0.8 ± 0.0 ^a 0.8 ± 0.0 ^a 0.7 ± 0.9 ^a 1.0 ± 0.0 ^b Monoenes 29.8 ± 1.6 ^ns 29.1 ± 0.6 30.2 ± 1.4 28.8 ± 0.6 29.2 ± 0.6 29.3 ± 0.8 C18: 2n-6
(trans) 0.2 ± 0.0 ^b 0.2 ± 0.2 ^b 0.2 ± 0.0 ^a 0.2 ± 0.0 ^b 0.2 ± 0.2 ^b 0.2 ± 0.0 ^b C18: 2n-9
(cis) 0.8 ± 0.1 ^b 0.8 ± 0.7 ^b 0.7 ± 0.0 ^a 0.8 ± 0.0 ^b 0.8 ± 0.1 ^b 0.8 ± 0.0 ^b C20: 2 0.8 ± 0.0 ^b 0.8 ± 0.1 ^b 0.6 ± 0.0 ^a 0.7 ± 0.0 ^b 0.8 ± 0.3 ^b 0.8 ± 0.0 ^b C22: 2 0.1 ± 0.0 ^c 0.1 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.0 ^b 0.1 ± 0.00 ^a 0.1 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.0 ^c C18: 3n-6 0.3 ± 0.0 ^ns 0.3 ± 0.1 0.3 ± 0.0 0.3 ± 0.0 0.3 ± 0.0 0.3 ± 0.1 C18: 3n-3 1.2 ± 0.1 ^ns 1.2 ± 0.3 1.0 ± 0.1 1.2 ± 0.1 1.2 ± 0.8 1.2 ± 0.2 C20: 3n-6 0.0 ± 0.0 ^ns 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0 C20: 3n-3 0.1 ± 0.0 ^ns 0.1 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.0 C20: 4n-6 0.3 ± 0.0 ^c 0.3 ± 0.0 ^c 0.3 ± 0.0 ^a 0.3 ± 0.0 ^bc 0.3 ± 0.0 ^c 0.3 ± 0.0 ^c C22: 6n-3 16.7 ± 1.4 ^ns 16.6 ± 1.0 16.9 ± 1.3 17.2 ± 1.3 16.6 ± 1.0 16.6 ± 0.4 Polyenes 19.5 ± 1.6 ^ns 19.1 ± 0.9 19.3 ± 1.5 20.0 ± 1.4 19.1 ± 0.9 19.5 ± 0.7 n-3 18.0 ± 1.6 ^ns 18.3 ± 1.1 18.1 ± 1.5 18.6 ± 1.4 18.3 ± 1.1 18.0 ± 0.6 n-6 1.7 ± 0.1 ^b 1.7 ± 0.8 ^b 1.5 ± 0.1 ^a 1.6 ± 0.1 ^b 1.7 ± 0.8 ^b 1.7 ± 0.1 ^b

^{(Unit = weight% )}

The contents of palmitic acid (C16: 0), oleic acid [C18: 1 n-9 (cis)] and DHA (C22: 6 n-3) , And they were found to account for about 60% of the total fatty acid content. Particularly, except for oleic acid among the three kinds of fatty acids, there was no significant difference between Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 (P> 0.05)

In detail, the crude fat contents of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 3 were significantly lower than those of Comparative Examples 1, 2 and 4, but the fatty acid content was not significantly different, The decrease in the diet of Comparative Example 3 could be expected to be caused by inhibiting the synthesis of lipids such as phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol in a complex lipid that is not a fatty acid. Therefore, when 5 to 10 wt% of fermented soybean processing by-products or unfermented soybean processing by-products are contained in the whole feed composition of the present invention, the nutritional value of the cultured Japanese rockfish can be increased by culturing the Korean rockfish having high-protein low fat characteristics It can be expected to be.

[Experimental Example 5]

Analysis of amino acid content of experimental fishes

It is known that the amino acid composition of fish body protein does not vary greatly depending on the species of fish. Unlike land animals, fish is known to have a high protein requirement due to low availability of carbohydrates. Therefore, protein content in the body is important not only for fish but also for normal growth, and it is necessary to feed food that meets the amino acid requirement of each species during cultivation.

Thus, the contents of amino acids in the experimental fish of the Korean fish were measured and analyzed.

In order to measure the amino acids of the Korean rockfish, 0.5 g of each of the experimental fish powder samples of Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 which had been pulverized in the same manner as in Experimental Example 3 was weighed into an 18 mL test tube, 3 mL of HCl was added and the test tube was sealed with a vacuum pump. The sealed test tube was hydrolyzed in a high temperature reactor at 121 ° C for 24 hours, and then acid was removed using a rotary evaporator at 50 ° C and 40 psi, and the solution was adjusted to 10 mL with a sodium loading buffer. The mixture was filtered through a membrane filter (0.2 ㎕) and quantitatively analyzed with an amino acid analyzer (S433-H, SYKAM).

The column size was 4.6 × 150 mm, the column temperature was 57-74 ° C., the flow rates of the buffer and OPA reagents were 0.45 mL / min and 0.25 mL / min, respectively (LCA K06 / Na) . The pH range of the buffer solution was 3.45-10.85, and the wavelengths were 440 nm and 570 nm.

The analytical results of constituent amino acids in fish are shown in Table 5 below.

Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Aspartic acid
(Aspatic acid) 4434.5 + - 44.0 ^ns 4439.33 + - 44.01 ^a1) 4551.6 ± 45.9 4508.0 ± 51.2 4427.31 + - 41.01 ^a1 ) 4548.8 + 49.9 Threonine *
(Threonine) 2000.3 ± 32.4 ^ab1 2004.21 ± 30.36 ^a 2058.3 ± 54.9 ^b 2171.2 ± 37.8 ^c 2010.01 ± 20.16 ^a 1983.4 ± 47.2 ^a Serine
(Serine) 2098.4 ± 15.4 ^a 2098.37 ± 15.44 ^a 2188.6 ± 27.9 ^b 2304.4 ± 20.8 ^c 2088.17 ± 13.14 ^a 2112.8 ± 15.5 ^a Glutamic acid
(Glutamic acid) 6112.3 ± 111.1 ^ns 6119.17 ± 101.33 ^a 6307.2 ± 145.8 6159.4 ± 133.7 6117.17 ± 100.33 ^a 6087.6 ± 156.2 Proline
(Proline) 2249.1 ± 25.2 ^b 2279.23 ± 21.19 2262.3 ± 19.1 ^b 2175.3 ± 29.8 ^a 2267.23 ± 21.09 2207.3 ± 19.2 ^ab Glycine
(Glycine) 3487.9 ± 110.4 ^a 3497.89 ± 190.34 ^a 3661.0 ± 73.2 ^a 3967.0 ± 116.5 ^b 3496.19 ± 110.04 ^a 3558.6 ± 155.7 ^a Alanine
(Alanine) 3069.8 ± 56.1 ^a 3089.98 + 51.13 ^a 3156.4 ± 56.2 ^a 3314.4 + - 76.4 ^b 3071.91 + - 41.03 ^a 3073.5 ± 55.6 ^a Cystine
(Cystine) 283.8 ± 12.1 281.4 ± 10.9 260.1 ± 10.6 272.5 ± 7.9 281.4 ± 10.9 289.1 ± 10.9 Valin *
(Valine) 2077.7 ± 37.1 ^b 2082.95 +/- 34.17 ^a 2103.6 ± 23.6 ^bc 2174.4 ± 26.4 ^c 2079.05 ± 31.87 ^a 1967.2 ± 29.2 ^a Methionine *
(Methionine) 1332.2 ± 29.9 ^ab 1351.01 + - 26.89 ^a 1387.3 ± 21.1 ^b 1433.2 ± 28.5 ^c 1349.01 + - 26.89 ^a 1308.7 ± 25.8 ^a Isoleucine *
(Isoleucine) 1787.1 ± 25.0 ^b 1791.14 ± 22.97 ^a 1835.0 + - 33.0 ^b 1903.8 ± 21.3 ^c 1791.14 ± 22.97 ^a 1686.5 ± 21.3 ^a Leucine *
(Leucine) 3130.7 ± 49.9 ^ab 3139.17 ± 29.91 3165.6 + 57.4 ^ab 3239.7 ± 60.0 ^b 3111.17 ± 29.91 3068.6 ± 50.9 ^a Tyrosine
(Tyrosine) 1301.4 ± 19.5 ^b 1302.29 ± 19.14 ^a 1321.6 ± 21.6 ^b 1370.1 ± 26.7 ^b 1302.29 ± 19.14 ^a 1215.3 ± 28.1 ^a Phenylalanine *
(Phenylalanine) 1791.6 ± 23.4 ^ab 1795.24 ± 21.49 ^a 1825.1 ± 29.3 ^bc 1864.5 ± 20.1 ^c 1775.24 ± 21.19 ^a 1767.8 ± 25.3 ^a Histidine *
(Histidine) 1293.2 ± 60.2 ^a 1303.17 ± 51.21 ^a 1380.4 ± 60.3 ^ab 1439.6 ± 59.6 ^b 1298.17 ± 51.21 ^a 1345.4 ± 55.8 ^ab Lee Sin*
(Lysine) 2704.4 + - 41.2 ^a 2711.19 ± 40.09 ^a 2801.3 ± 45.5 ^b 2876.5 + - 41.7 ^bc 2709.19 + - 40.09 ^a 2932.8 + - 43.1 ^c ammonia
(Ammonia) 1082.3 + - 15.2 ^b 1089.99 ± 17.11 ^a 1155.2 ± 26.5 ^c 1182.2 + - 11.9 ^c 1091.99 ± 17.11 ^a 1024.8 ± 17.1 ^a Arginine *
(Arginine) 2497.4 ± 20.4 ^a 2507.11 ± 22.44 ^a 2565.2 ± 27.1 ^b 2759.7 ± 17.7 ^d 2517.71 + - 22.44 ^a 2665.2 ± 25.2 ^c Total amino acid
(Total amino acid) 42734.1 ± 119.0 ^a 42521.44 +/- 408.15 ^b 43985.8 ± 700.1 ^b 45115.3 ± 735.6 ^b 42333.34 +/- 408.15 ^b 42843.6 ± 745.2 ^a Essential amino acid
(Total EAA) 18614.6 ± 184.3 ^a 18685.19 ± 103.27 ^a 19121.8 ± 352.1 ^ab 19862.5 ± 313.1 ^b 18895.19 ± 103.27 ^a 18725.7 ± 323.8 ^a

^{(Unit mg / 100g)}

* Represents Essential amino acid.

As shown in Table 5, it was confirmed that the content of total amino acids was significantly higher in Examples 1 and 2 than in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 (P <0.0.5). Essential amino acid (EAA) There was no significant difference between Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 (P> 0.05)

Reportedly amino acids are mostly in the wild rockfish accounts for glutamic acid (Glutamic acid), lysine ^* (Lysine), aspartic acid (Aspatic acid), proline (Proline) 47 ~ 50 wt% of the total 4, etc., There is no significant difference in total amino acids between cultured and wild.

However, looking at the results of Table 5 glutamic acid (Glutamic acid) and aspartic acid (Aspatic acid) is or showed a high value as compared with other amino acids, lysine ^* (Lysine) and proline (Proline) has glycine (glycine), alanine (alanine) and leucine ^* (leucine).

This may be due to the fact that certain components of the fermented soybean processing by-products may have stimulated feeding, but it is also possible to exclude the possibility that certain components in the fermented soybean processing by-products may be used as fat reduction or energy source in the body, none.

In addition, as a result of the total amino acids, synergistic effects of the addition of soybean curd on the essential amino acids were confirmed only in Examples 1 and 2, and the addition of fermented soybean processing byproducts at proper concentration (5 to 10 wt% And it could be helpful to improve quality.

[Experimental Example 6]

Blood analysis of laboratory fish

Hematocrit, hemoglobin and glucose levels, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GTP) , Total cholesterol (otal cholesterol), and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) in cell membrane samples of S. schlegeli .

First, 10 fishes fed the diets of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 prepared in the above Preparation Example were randomly selected, and blood samples obtained from the uninvolved veins were collected using a heparin syringe. Blood samples were measured for hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) using a commercial kit. Plasma was obtained by centrifugation (12,000 rpm, 15 min) at 4 ° C. Glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), total protein and triglyceride were measured using a commercial kit.

Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Ht (%) 45.00 7.97 ^b 43.89 ± 7.99 ^b 38.00 ± 5.93 ^ab 37.67 ± 4.30 ^ab 42.99 ± 8.99 ^b 30.50 ± 3.21 ^a Hb (g / dL) 9.19 ± 1.38 ^b 9.20 ± 1.58 ^b 9.20 ± 0.65 ^ab 8.63 ± 0.79 ^ab 9.11 + 1.38 ^b 6.84 + 0.83 ^aa Glucose (mg / L) 49.29 ± 22.87 ^a 49.27 ± 21.77 ^a 67.93 ± 23.95 ^b 44.20 ± 18.07 ^ab 49.90 ± 21.07 ^a 42.82 ± 25.18 ^ab GOT (Karmen / mL) 87.15 ± 39.86 ^ns 87.85 ± 38.17 ^ns 95.68 ± 36.56 95.48 + - 42.40 79.99 ± 28.27 ^ns 95.95 ± 42.00 GPT (Karmen / mL) 28.24 + - 8.01 ^ns 27.84 ± 9.09 ^ns 33.56 + - 7.00 35.42 ± 12.98 26.04 ± 9.09 ^ns 26.84 + - 2.42 Total cholesterol
(mg / dL) 271.82 + - 21.98 ^b 274.92 ± 19.98 ^b 305.50 ± 60.62 ^b 244.24 ± 18.78 ^ab 271.82 ± 20.98 ^b 201.03 ± 42.90 ^a HDL-cholesterol (mg / dL) 148.96 ± 33.72 ^ns 151.91 ± 31.62 ^ns 189.98 + - 8.24 161.94 + 14.34 149.91 ± 30.72 ^ns 174.01 + - 32.27

As shown in Table 6, it was confirmed that glucose production was higher in Example 1 than in Comparative Example 1, and the HDL-cholesterol levels of GOT, GPT and cell membrane samples were higher than those of Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 The differences were not large and were expected to be unaffected by the feed.

[Experimental Example 7]

Experimental Lysozyme  Active measurement

In the same manner as in Experimental Example 6, the blood of the test fish was collected to measure the activity of lysozyme capable of detecting immunity.

Plasma lysosomal activity was measured using several modified turbidimetric methods. The maximum activity was observed in 0.05 M phosphate buffer at pH 6.2. Plasma was measured in absorbance of 530 nm at 25 ° C for 0.5 min and 4.5 min, in 950 μl of bacterial suspension. The result was expressed as unit / mL.

2, activity of lysozyme of Examples 1 and 2 was significantly higher than those of Comparative Examples 1 to 4, indicating that the experimental fishes fed the feeds of Examples 1 and 2 were excellent in immunity.

[Experimental Example 8]

Experimental  Stress Recovery Experiment

In general, aquaculture fish are often subjected to various types of stressful environments depending on the environment such as various treatments, classification, grading, transportation and bad water quality. In order to confirm rapid recovery of such stresses, The experiment was carried out.

10 mice were each anesthetized with 800 ppm of 2-phenoxyethanol for 3 minutes in the same manner as in Experimental Example 3. The fish then returned to freshwater to measure the recovery time for anesthesia. Recovery time was recorded at 0.5 minute intervals using a chronometer. Recovery was measured by state balance and swimming behavior.

According to Yokoyama et al. And Ji et al., The air exposure test was performed at the end of the feed test. Ten fish were randomly taken from each of three tanks, placed in a plastic net, and exposed to air for 15 minutes. After exposure to air, the fish were returned to the recovery tank and their recovery rate was monitored for 6 hours.

Then, 3 mice were randomly selected among the recovery groups exposed for 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 hours after exposure to air for 5 minutes and used for analysis of blood glucose level. Blood was drawn from the vein using a 1-mL heparinized disposable syringe. Plasma was obtained from blood samples by centrifugation and analyzed using a colorimetric assay based on the oxidase / peroxidase reaction. At the end of the stress recovery test, the mortality was calculated as follows, and the results are shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.

 Lethality (%) = (number of dead fish after experiment / number of first experimental fish) × 100

In general, short recovery times after 2-phenoxyethanol treatments are considered to be corresponding to the high degree of immunity and post-anesthetic activity. As shown in FIG. 3, in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 4, FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of measurement of the mortality measured after the air exposure experiment. In the case of Comparative Example 1, the mortality rate was about 85%, and the fermentation soybean In the case of Comparative Example 3 in which soybean processing by-products which were not fermented but which were not fermented soybean processing by-products were included, the fermentation soybean processing by-products were not included Compared with Comparative Example 1 or Comparative Example 2 containing 3 wt% of fermented soybean processing by-products, a lower mortality was obtained, but the preferred fermenting soybean processing by-products of the present invention It was confirmed that the mortality rate of the Examples 1 and 2 containing less than 60% was lower than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

Therefore, it can be seen from the results of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 that the experimental fish fed with the eco-friendly feed for fish containing the soybean processing by-products of the present invention, particularly the fermented soybean processing by-products, has a rapid recovery and resistance against stress there was.

The results of Experimental Examples 3 to 8 are as follows. In the case of the eco-friendly feed composition for fish according to the present invention, Comparative Example 1 in which bean sprouts, which are by-products of soybean processing, is not included, and Comparative Example 1 in which fermented soybean processing by- % And Comparative Example 2 containing 10 wt% of soybean processing by-products which had not undergone fermentation in the whole feed composition were compared with those of Comparative Example 3 in which the feedstuff containing soybean fermented by- , 2 and the rockfish of Comparative Example 4 were nutritionally excellent and the stress recovery rate was fast.

However, in the case of Comparative Example 3 in which fermented soybean processing by-products contained 20 wt% in the whole feed composition, the content of amino acids in the experimental fish was lower than that in Examples 1 and 2, The results were confirmed. Although this is not clearly understood, it seems that the absorption of amino acids and the intake capacity were lowered due to the high plant protein content.

Accordingly, the eco-friendly feed composition for fishes of the present invention can be used for fermenting soybean processing by-products to produce fermented soybean processing by-products and incorporating the same into the whole feed composition in an amount of 5 to 10 wt% It can be expected that the content of the active nutrients can be increased to provide consumers with high quality fish.

Claims (15)

An eco-friendly feed composition for fish, comprising soybean processing by-products as an active ingredient.
The method according to claim 1,
The bean processing by-
Which is a fermented soybean processing by-product fermented by inoculating microorganisms into the by-products after processing the soybean.
3. The method of claim 2,
The by-products remaining after processing the soybeans,
Bean peel; Bean embryo; Soybean meal, which is a by-product after extracting soybean oil; And tobacco; , Wherein the composition is at least one selected from the group consisting of:
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the microorganism is at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Bacillus genus.
The method according to claim 1,
In the eco-friendly feed composition for fish,
Wherein the composition further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of fish meal, wheat flour, fish oil, starch powder, a vitamin compounding agent, a mineral compounding agent, and choline chloride.
6. The method of claim 5,
In the eco-friendly feed composition for fish,
Fish oil 5 ~ 15 wt%, starch powder 1 ~ 6 wt%, vitamins 1 ~ 3 wt%, minerals 1 ~ 3 wt%, choline chloride chloride in an amount of 0.1 to 2 wt% and soybean processing by-products in an amount of 5 to 10 wt%.
In soybean processing by-products,
Preparing a feed composition by further mixing at least one selected from the group consisting of fish meal, wheat flour, fish oil, starch powder, a vitamin compounding agent, a mineral compounding agent, and choline chloride;
Molding the feed composition into a pellet shape through a pellet forming machine; And
And cryopreserving the formed feed composition. &Lt; Desc / Clms Page number 19 &gt;
8. The method of claim 7,
The bean processing by-
A method for producing an eco-friendly feed for fish, which is a fermented soybean processing by-product fermented by inoculating microorganisms into the by-products after processing the soybean.
9. The method of claim 8,
The by-products remaining after processing the soybeans,
Bean peel; Bean embryo; Soybean meal, which is a by-product after extracting soybean oil; And tobacco; Wherein the method comprises the steps of:
9. The method of claim 8,
The bean processing by-
A culture step of culturing at least one microorganism among the group consisting of genus Bacillus;
A spraying step of spraying microorganisms inoculated with the cultured soybeans and remaining by-products;
A fermentation step of processing the soybeans absorbed by the microorganisms through the spraying step and fermenting the remaining by-products; And
And an enzyme reaction step of processing the fermented soybeans and allowing the remaining by-products to undergo an enzyme reaction, wherein the fermented soybean is a by-product of fermentation soybean processing.
11. The method of claim 10,
After the enzyme reaction step,
And a pulverizing step of drying and pulverizing the by-products remaining after processing the enzyme-reacted soybean.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the fermentation step comprises:
Wherein the soybeans inoculated with the microorganisms are processed and the remaining by-products are fermented at 40 to 60 DEG C for 20 to 30 hours.
11. The method of claim 10,
The enzyme reaction step comprises:
Wherein the fermented soybean is processed and the remaining by-products are subjected to enzymatic reaction at a temperature higher than the fermentation step and a temperature of 80 ° C or lower for 20 to 30 hours.
8. The method of claim 7,
The step of preparing the feed composition comprises:
Fish oil 5 ~ 15 wt%, starch powder 1 ~ 6 wt%, vitamins 1 ~ 3 wt%, minerals 1 ~ 3 wt%, choline chloride chloride of 0.1 to 2 wt% and soybean processing by-products of 5 to 10 wt% to produce a feed composition.
8. The method of claim 7,
The method of claim 1,
Characterized in that the molded feed composition is stored at a temperature of from -50 to -40 占 폚.

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