CN110277620A - A kind of tracery type butler matrix and its design method - Google Patents
A kind of tracery type butler matrix and its design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110277620A CN110277620A CN201910446796.6A CN201910446796A CN110277620A CN 110277620 A CN110277620 A CN 110277620A CN 201910446796 A CN201910446796 A CN 201910446796A CN 110277620 A CN110277620 A CN 110277620A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
- H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of tracery type butler matrix and its design method, 3dB directional coupler passes through short-circuit arm between any two and connects；Pass through short-circuit arm connection between each 3dB directional coupler and outer conductor.It is more superior with moire behaviors, Insertion Loss fluctuating natures such as the presentations of interior amplitude-frequency due to using short-circuit arm；In addition it is loaded with tuning screw, can be realized the optimal standing wave of product, amplitude-frequency and phase characteristic.Moire behaviors are waited since butler matrix has, are suitable for the Wide-Band Design.The equivalent order for increasing directional coupler of load of short-circuit arm, can effectively expand bandwidth of operation.Butler matrix low cost of the invention, easy processing, good assembly.All turnings of the structure internal and external conductor are fillet, easy to process using Milling Process technique, low in cost.So that internal and external conductor is integrated, having prevented the opposite sliding between internal and external conductor completely helps to promote the consistency of mass product for the load of short-circuit arm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tracery type butler matrix and its design methods, belong to microwave passive technical field.
Background technique
High-throughput telecommunication satellite (HTS, High Throughput Satellite), also referred to as high-throughput communication satellite are
For the conventional satellite for using same frequency resources, technical characteristics include multidrop beam, channeling, Gao Bo
Shu Zengyi etc..HTS can provide the capacity that several times or even dozens of times are higher by than general communication satellite, with high-throughput payload
Gradually mature and Novel Communication satellite platform development process is constantly accelerated, and the demand of HTS satellite continues to increase.
Passive multiple beam forming network based on butler matrix is HTS satellite core component, to realize signal branch and
Synthesis.Fig. 1 gives the schematic illustration of 4 × 4 butler matrixs, is a kind of current more common topological form.From figure
As can be seen that the matrix is made of four 3dB directional couplers, it altogether include 4 input ports (X1G~X4G) and 4 delivery outlets
(X5G~X8G), when a certain input terminal inputs a signal, in four exportable constant-amplitude signals of output end, and output end
There is identical phase difference between signal.
Ku frequency range butler matrix since its frequency range is higher, weld sensibility and consistency existing for microstrip structure compared with
The problem of difference, causes microstrip structure butler matrix in Ku frequency range using less.The butler matrix of side's coaxial configuration at present
It is the most commonly used in Ku frequency range, the sensibility of weld is overcome, while can be realized the miniaturization of product.Coaxial bar of tradition side
Teller matrix internal and external conductor is separation, and medium is needed to be supported positioning, and during assembly and weld, having very much can
It can cause the generation for phenomena such as positioning is inaccurate, internal and external conductor slides relatively；In addition, though the coaxial butler matrix in tradition side can
Bandwidth is expanded by increasing order, due to not being to wait moire behaviors in its band, amplitude-frequency performance can be with the increase of bandwidth
And deteriorate, from the side for, be not appropriate for doing broadband butler matrix product.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, for amplitude-frequency characteristic in butler matrix band and inside and outside lead
Body sliding problem provides a kind of tracery type butler matrix and its design method, short-circuit arm configuration is introduced in structure, 3dB
Directional coupler is connected two-by-two, so that butler matrix inner and outer conductor realizes integration, ensure that mass product
Consistency；The bandwidth of operation for effectively having expanded product, realizes with moire behaviors such as interior amplitude-frequencies.
The object of the invention is achieved by following technical solution:
A kind of tracery type butler matrix, including cavity are provided, cavity includes inner conductor and outer conductor, and inner conductor includes short
Road arm and four 3dB directional couplers, rest part are outer conductor；The 3dB directional coupler passes through short circuit between any two
Arm connection；Pass through short-circuit arm connection between each 3dB directional coupler and outer conductor.
Preferably, the 3dB directional coupler includes four branch lines, for a pair of of high impedance branch line for being oppositely arranged and
A pair of of Low ESR branch line, four angles are drawn transmission line and are connect with short-circuit arm；It is described short circuit arm include parallel connection short circuit arm and often
Advise short-circuit arm；Two neighboring directional coupler is connect through transmission line with parallel connection short circuit arm；Two lateral angles of directional coupler are drawn
Transmission line pass through conventional short-circuit arm respectively and be connected to outer conductor.
Preferably, the parallel connection short circuit arm is that conventional short-circuit arm rotates clockwise 90 degree of interconnections compositions.
Preferably, the branch line total length initial value of directional coupler is quarter-wave, at the beginning of the length of conventional short circuit arm
Value is quarter-wave, and parallel connection short circuit arm lengths initial value is half wavelength, branch line, conventional short-circuit arm, parallel connection short circuit
The impedance of arm determines final impedance by optimization, is distributed between 5 ohm to 200 ohm.
Preferably, the cavity is obtained using Milling Process technique, and all turnings are fillet.
It preferably, further include upper cover plate, lower cover plate and connector；The upper surface of upper cover plate covering cavity；Connector is solid
Determine to upper cover plate, for providing external interface, inner core is soldered to the welding hole of cavity inner conductor；Lower cover plate covers cavity
Lower surface；Cavity and upper and lower lids three are positioned by pin, are assembled with fastening screw.
It preferably, further include upper tuning screw and lower tuning screw；Tuning screw and lower tuning screw enter chamber in adjusting
The length in internal portion, and then change standing wave, amplitude-frequency and the phase characteristic of tracery type butler matrix.
A kind of design method based on the tracery type butler matrix is provided, is included the following steps:
(1) four identical 3dB directional couplers are used, wherein branch's line length is quarter-wave, wavelength
It is calculated and is obtained according to the centre frequency of bandwidth of operation；
(2) according to power distribution relationship, the impedance of each each branch line of 3dB directional coupler is calculated；
(3) circuit model of tracery type butler matrix is established, the initial value that the length of conventional short-circuit arm is arranged is 1/4 wave
Long, impedance is the 1/2 of high impedance branch line impedence, and parallel connection short circuit arm lengths initial value is 1/2 wavelength, and impedance is conventional short-circuit arm resistance
Anti- 2 times；Using requirement on electric performance as final goal, to the length and resistance of conventional short-circuit arm, parallel connection short circuit arm and each branch line
It is anti-to optimize；
(4) according to final Optimal Parameters, the 3D model of cavity is established；
(5) according to 3D modelling and the matched upper cover plate of cavity, lower cover plate, connector, upper tuning screw and lower tuning
Through-hole corresponding with upper tuning screw, lower tuning screw, pin and fastening screw on screw, cavity；
(6) according to 3D mould processing cavity, processing upper cover plate, lower cover plate, connector, tuning screw, lower tuning in selection
Screw, pin and fastening screw.
Preferably, the circuit model of tracery type butler matrix is established using designer software and optimized.
Preferably, the accurate simulation of the whole audience is carried out using the 3D model that HFSS software establishes cavity (1).
The invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
(1) butler matrix superior electrical property of the invention, it is special with ripples such as interior Insertion Loss presentations due to using short-circuit arm
Property.Amplitude-frequency characteristic is parabolic characteristic in the coaxial butler matrix band in tradition side, and with the increase of bandwidth, differential loss fluctuation can aggravate
Deteriorate；Novel structure can be realized with moire behaviors such as interior amplitude-frequencies, and differential loss fluctuating nature is more superior；In addition it is loaded with tuning
Screw can be realized the optimal standing wave of product, amplitude-frequency and phase characteristic.
(2) moire behaviors are waited since butler matrix has, is suitable for the Wide-Band Design.The load of short-circuit arm is equivalent to be increased
The order of directional coupler can effectively expand bandwidth of operation.
(3) butler matrix of the invention low cost, easy processing, good assembly.All turnings of the structure internal and external conductor are equal
It is easy to process using Milling Process technique for fillet, it is low in cost；It is assembled between components using fastening screw,
It is positioned between cover board and cavity by pin, assembly is simple.
(4) short-circuit arm load has prevented the opposite sliding between internal and external conductor completely, has reduced so that internal and external conductor is integrated
Assembly difficulty, and facilitate the consistency of mass product.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 4 × 4 butler matrix schematic illustrations；
Fig. 2 is the detonation configuration figure of tracery type butler matrix of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is tracery type butler matrix cavity body structure figure；
Fig. 4 is amplitude frequency curve；
Fig. 5 is phase balance curve.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 2, tracery type butler matrix of the invention is by cavity 1, upper cover plate 2, lower cover plate 3, connector 4, tuning
Screw 5, tuning screw 6, pin and fastening screw are constituted.
The upper surface of the covering cavity 1 of upper cover plate 2；For connector 4 for providing external interface, inner core is welded on cavity inner conductor
Welding hole.The lower surface of the covering cavity 1 of lower cover plate 3.Cavity 1 and upper and lower cover plates three are positioned by pin, use fastening screw
It is assembled.
Tuning screw 5, tuning screw 6 are adjusted into the length for covering cavity 1, and then it is special to change standing wave, amplitude-frequency and phase
Property.
As shown in figure 3, cavity 1 includes inner conductor and outer conductor, inner conductor includes parallel connection short circuit arm 1-1, conventional short-circuit arm
1-2 and directional coupler 1-6.Threaded hole 1-4, pin hole 1-5 is arranged for assembling in cavity 1.
Directional coupler 1-6 includes the identical branch line 1-7 of 4 length, specially a pair of of high impedance branch line Z1, in figure
Thicker part divides 1-8 in narrower portion 1-9, and a pair of of Low ESR branch line Z2 figure.Draw transmission line in four angles.Four directional couples
Pass through parallel connection short circuit arm 1-1 connection between device 1-6.The short-circuit end at parallel connection short circuit arm both ends is connected respectively to outer conductor, in parallel short
Road arm on both sides of the middle is connected respectively to two 3dB directional coupler transmission lines.The short-circuit end of conventional short circuit arm is connected to outer conductor,
Other end is connected through transmission line with 3dB directional coupler, and is welded by welding hole 1-3 and connector.
In one embodiment, when establishing circuit model, four angles of directional coupler 1-6 are drawn often through transmission line
Short-circuit arm is advised, when two directional couplers interconnect, conventional short-circuit arm is rotated clockwise into 90 degree of interconnections and is constituted
Parallel connection short circuit arm.
Tracery type butler matrix is axial symmetry and centrosymmetric structure, including 4 3dB directional couplers, and wherein 3dB is fixed
It is connected two-by-two to coupler by parallel connection short circuit arm.The branch line initial length of directional coupler is quarter-wave, conventional short
The initial length of road arm is quarter-wave, and parallel connection short circuit arm is initially two times of initial length of conventional short-circuit arm, and impedance can
To be obtained by optimization, it is distributed between 5 ohm to 200 ohm.
Traditional butler matrix is to be attached 4 without the 3dB directional coupler of short-circuit arm, internal and external conductor list
Solely processing, is positioned and is loaded by medium, can cause the opposite of internal and external conductor in assembly and connector welding process
Sliding, causes properties of product to deteriorate, and deviates with design.
In the present invention, the internal and external conductor of butler matrix is attached by parallel connection short circuit arm and conventional short-circuit arm, makes two
Person's integrated design, processing can improve the consistency of bulk article to avoid the sliding problem in assembly and welding process；Separately
Outside, in order to realize the optimal standing wave of product, amplitude-frequency and phase characteristic, it is respectively arranged with tuning screw, in upper and lower cover plates with realization pair
The fine tuning of properties of product.
The simulation calculation of tracery type butler matrix the following steps are included:
1) according to bandwidth of operation 10.5GHz~12.85GHz, centre frequency f is calculated0=11.675GHz, calculates
To the length of 3dB directional coupler branch line are as follows: 1/4 × c/f0=6.42mm, 4 3dB directional coupler sizes are identical.
2) according to power distribution relationship 1:1, the impedance of each each branch line of 3dB directional coupler, high impedance Z1 are calculated
=50.3 ohm, according to height impedance ratioZ2=35.6 ohm of Low ESR are calculated, each branch's line length
It is identical.
3) by the parameter 1), 2) being calculated, the circuit model of tracery type butler matrix is established in designer, it is right
The length and impedance of conventional short circuit arm and parallel connection short circuit arm, optimize by target of electrical property, and to the width of each branch line
Degree is finely adjusted, to realize required performance.The initial value of the length of conventional short circuit arm is 1/4 wavelength when optimization, and impedance is 1/2 × Z1
=25.15 ohm, parallel connection short circuit arm lengths initial value is 1/2 wavelength, and impedance is 2 × 25.15=50.3 ohm.
4) according to final Optimal Parameters, the 3D model of cavity 1 is established in HFSS, simulation optimization obtains superperformance,
The amplitude-frequency and phase balance curve of emulation are set forth in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, it can be seen from the figure that centre frequency is
11.675GHz, relative bandwidth 20.13% are less than 0.2dB with the fluctuation of interior Insertion Loss, and phase balance is less than 0.2 °.
5) according to 3D modelling and the matched upper cover plate 2 of cavity 1, lower cover plate 3, connector 4, tuning screw 5,6, cavity
Tuning screw 5,6, pin and the corresponding through-hole of fastening screw on 1；
6) according to 3D mould processing cavity 1, processing upper cover plate 2, lower cover plate 3, connector 4, selecting tuning screw 5,6, pin
Nail and fastening screw.
Tracery type butler matrix is made of 4 3dB directional couplers with short-circuit arm, and is between any two also logical
The connection of parallel connection short circuit arm configuration is crossed, integrated design, the processing of inner conductor and outer conductor are realized.Tracery type butler matrix,
Equipped with tuning screw, can be used to realize that port Impedance matches, regulation power distribution ratio and phase characteristic.Cavity, upper and lower covers
Plate three is positioned by pin, is assembled with fastening screw, and assembly is simple.The working frequency of tracery type butler matrix can be with
It applies in 200MHz~30GHz.
The butler matrix of tracery type of the invention, it is same based on square coaxial configuration, but be optimized in structure, draw
Short-circuit arm is entered, the introducing of the structure can not only effectively expand bandwidth, while ensure that the equal moire behaviors in band；Separately
Outside, the introducing of short-circuit arm enhances the mechanical stability of itself so that internal and external conductor is integrated, reduces processing and assembly is difficult
Degree；While in order to more fine-tune standing wave, the degree of balance and the phase balance characteristic of product, it is loaded with tuning screw
To realize the optimum performance of product.
The above, optimal specific embodiment only of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of tracery type butler matrix, it is characterised in that: including cavity (1), cavity (1) includes inner conductor and outer conductor,
Inner conductor includes short-circuit arm and four 3dB directional couplers, rest part are outer conductor；The 3dB directional coupler is two-by-two
Between pass through short-circuit arm connection；Pass through short-circuit arm connection between each 3dB directional coupler and outer conductor.
2. tracery type butler matrix as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 3dB directional coupler includes four
Branch line (1-7), for a pair of of high impedance branch line for being oppositely arranged and a pair of of Low ESR branch line, four angles draw transmission lines with
Short-circuit arm connection；The short circuit arm includes parallel connection short circuit arm (1-1) and conventional short-circuit arm (1-2)；Two neighboring directional couple
Device is connect through transmission line with parallel connection short circuit arm (1-1)；The transmission line that two lateral angles of directional coupler are drawn passes through routine respectively
Short-circuit arm (1-2) is connected to outer conductor.
3. tracery type butler matrix as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the parallel connection short circuit arm (1-1) is conventional
90 degree of interconnections are constituted short-circuit arm (1-2) clockwise or counterclockwise.
4. tracery type butler matrix as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterised in that: the branch line overall length of directional coupler
Degree initial value is quarter-wave, and the length initial value of conventional short circuit arm is quarter-wave, and parallel connection short circuit arm lengths initial value is
The impedance of half wavelength, branch line, conventional short-circuit arm, parallel connection short circuit arm determines final impedance by optimization, is distributed in 5
Ohm is between 200 ohm.
5. tracery type butler matrix as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterised in that: the cavity (1) uses Milling Process
Technique obtains, and all turnings are fillet.
6. tracery type butler matrix as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterised in that: further include upper cover plate (2), lower cover plate
(3) and connector (4)；Upper cover plate (2) covers the upper surface of cavity (1)；Connector (4) is fixed on the outside of upper cover plate, is used for
External interface is provided, inner core is soldered to the welding hole of cavity inner conductor；Lower cover plate (3) covers the lower surface of cavity (1)；Cavity
(1) it is positioned with upper and lower lids three by pin, is assembled with fastening screw.
7. tracery type butler matrix as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: further include upper tuning screw (5) and downward
Humorous screw (6)；Tuning screw (5) and lower tuning screw (6) enter cavity (1) internal length in adjusting, and then change tracery
Standing wave, amplitude-frequency and the phase characteristic of type butler matrix.
8. a kind of design method based on tracery type butler matrix described in claim 7, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) use four identical 3dB directional couplers, wherein branch's line length be quarter-wave, wavelength according to
The centre frequency of bandwidth of operation, which calculates, to be obtained；
(2) according to power distribution relationship, the impedance of each each branch line of 3dB directional coupler is calculated；
(3) circuit model of tracery type butler matrix is established, the initial value that the length of conventional short-circuit arm is arranged is 1/4 wavelength, resistance
Anti- initial value is the 1/2 of high impedance branch line impedence；Parallel connection short circuit arm lengths initial value is 1/2 wavelength, and impedance initial value is conventional short
2 times of road arm impedance；Using requirement on electric performance as final goal, to the length of conventional short-circuit arm, parallel connection short circuit arm and each branch line
Degree and impedance optimize；
(4) according to final Optimal Parameters, the 3D model of cavity (1) is established；
(5) according to 3D modelling and cavity (1) matched upper cover plate (2), lower cover plate (3), connector (4), upper tuning screw
(5) and on lower tuning screw (6), cavity (1) with upper tuning screw (5), lower tuning screw (6), pin and fastening screw pair
The through-hole answered；
(6) according to 3D mould processing cavity (1), processing upper cover plate (2), lower cover plate (3), connector (4), tuning screw in selection
(5), lower tuning screw (6), pin and fastening screw.
9. design method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: establish tracery type Butler square using designer software
The circuit model of battle array simultaneously optimizes.
10. design method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: using HFSS software establish the 3D model of cavity (1) into
The accurate simulation of the row whole audience.
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| CN201910446796.6A CN110277620B (en) | 2019-05-27 | 2019-05-27 | Window decoration type Butler matrix and design method thereof |
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| CN201910446796.6A CN110277620B (en) | 2019-05-27 | 2019-05-27 | Window decoration type Butler matrix and design method thereof |
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| CN110931970A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-27 | 许华敏 | Microstrip patch antenna unit convenient to tune |
| CN111181625A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-19 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | HTS satellite payload radio frequency domain implementation method based on N-active framework |
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| CN110277620B (en) | 2021-09-03 |
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