CN109244679A - A kind of compact multi-beam antenna array system - Google Patents
A kind of compact multi-beam antenna array system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109244679A CN109244679A CN201811056936.0A CN201811056936A CN109244679A CN 109244679 A CN109244679 A CN 109244679A CN 201811056936 A CN201811056936 A CN 201811056936A CN 109244679 A CN109244679 A CN 109244679A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compact multi-beam antenna array systems, the system includes four layers of medium substrate, it is bonded together between each layer medium substrate by adhesive film, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks are arranged on the bottom surface of underlying dielectric substrate, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network includes 8 signal input ports and 8 signal output ports, arrangement is etched with the floor layer in 8 coupling gaps on the top surface of underlying dielectric substrate, it is communicated between 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks and floor layer by ground metallization through-hole, 180 ° of phase shifters of top layout of second layer medium substrate on underlying dielectric substrate, an antenna element is constituted in upper parasitic element by a microstrip antenna under and one, mutiple antennas unit can be arranged into antenna unit array.Compact multi-beam antenna array system disclosed in this invention, have the characteristics that work belt is wide, design difficulty is low, at low cost, easy of integration, easy processing, section are low, simple and compact for structure, light-weight, loss is low, can two-dimensional scanning, scanning range it is big.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication fields, in particular to one of field compact multi-beam antenna array system
System.
Background technique
In wireless communication field, as user is to growing, the aerial system of message transmission rate and communication quality demand
System allows for rapidly realizing wide angle scanning, promptly positions multiple targets and guarantee high signal transmission quality simultaneously,
Therefore it is required that antenna system can produce multiple wave beams.
The multi-beam feeding network for being generally basede on circuit structure has the characteristics that flexible design and compact-sized, logical in satellite
It is widely used in the base station and terminal system of letter and terrestrial wireless communication.Wherein most widely used is Butler square
Battle array, but traditional Butler matrix structure is complicated, high-order butler matrix realizes that more difficulty, 8 × 8 butler matrixs are general
Contain ten or more cross coupling structures.These factors make poor butler matrix output magnitude-phase characteristics, narrow bandwidth and loss
It is high.
It is general using double minor matters H-shaped directional couplers and Xie Fuman phase shifter in current butler matrix design.So
And double minor matters H-shaped directional couplers itself have the shortcomings that it is very much, as work belt width and output amplitude characteristic are poor.Xie Fu
Often there is work belt width, folding line mistake due to needing to obtain specified phase shift by tectonic coupling line in graceful phase shifter
Length leads to problems such as structure not compact and coupling line need to be apart from close so that processing difficulties.Coupling is oriented finally by double minor matters H-shaped
The butler matrix of clutch and Xie Fuman phase shifter design export magnitude-phase characteristics is poor, loss is high, dispersion obviously, work belt width,
It is bulky.
Traditional multi-beam feeding network is difficult to integrated with aerial array realization.And to realize two dimensional beam scanning,
Need multiple similar multi-beam feeding networks just can get by horizontal and vertical spatial arrangement, therefore lead to multi-beam day
Linear system system is extremely complex and system performance is difficult to improve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind to be based on 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks
Compact multi-beam antenna array system.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of compact multi-beam antenna array system, thes improvement is that: the system includes four layers of medium substrate, respectively
It is bonded together between layer medium substrate by adhesive film, 8 × 8 butler matrixs is arranged on the bottom surface of underlying dielectric substrate
Multi-beam feeding network, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network include 8 signal input ports and 8 signal outputs
Port, arrangement is etched with the floor layer in 8 coupling gaps, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beams on the top surface of underlying dielectric substrate
It is communicated between feeding network and floor layer by ground metallization through-hole, the second layer medium substrate on underlying dielectric substrate
180 ° of phase shifters of top layout, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks output electromagnetic signal pass through floor layer respectively
On 8 coupling gaps be delivered to 180 ° of phase shifters, communicated between floor layer and 180 ° of phase shifters by ground metallization through-hole,
The electromagnetic signal of the top layout microstrip antenna of third layer medium substrate on second layer medium substrate, 180 ° of phase shifters is logical
Microstrip lines are crossed to microstrip antenna, the top layout parasitic element of the top layer medium substrate on third layer medium substrate,
An antenna element is constituted in upper parasitic element by a microstrip antenna under and one, inputs the electromagnetism in microstrip antenna
For signal from antenna element to external radiation, mutiple antennas unit can be arranged into antenna unit array.
Further, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks contain 12 3dB directional couplers and 8
Fixed phase shifter, 8 fixed phase shifters include 2 22.5 ° of phase shifters, 4 45 ° of phase shifters and 2 67.5 ° of phase shifts
Device.
Further, the 3dB directional coupler includes coupling annulus, is connected one at the output port of coupling annulus
The folding line of a half-wavelength in parallel is gone back while half-wavelength transmission line, the coupling annulus is by four sections of quarter-wave long passes
Defeated line is formed by connecting, and the characteristic impedance of quarter-wave transmission line is respectively 40 Ω and 56 Ω, the feature of half-wavelength transmission line
Impedance optimal value is 93 Ω, and the characteristic impedance optimal value of half-wavelength folding line is 67 Ω.
Further, the reference phase-shift structure of 22.5 ° of phase shifters, one be one section of transmission line it is one section eight in parallel/
The short-circuit minor matters of the open circuit minor matters of one wavelength and one section of 1/8th wavelength, another is in addition to one section of 1/8th wavelength in parallel
Outside minor matters of opening a way and the short-circuit minor matters of one section of 1/8th wavelength, one section of folding line of also having connected；45 ° of phase shifters and
67.5 ° of phase shifters be one section of transmission line, one section of 1/8th wavelength in parallel open circuit minor matters and one section of 1/8th wavelength it is short
Road minor matters.
Further, 8 signal input ports of 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network are in the horizontal direction
The phase difference of generation is respectively 45 °, 45 °, -135 °, -135 °, 135 °, 135 °, -45 ° and 45 °, in the phase that vertical direction generates
Potential difference is respectively 22.5 °, -157.5 °, 112.5 °, -67.5 °, 67.5 °, -112.5 °, 157.5 ° and -22.5 °.
Further, in 8 signal input ports of 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network, 4 are
Coplanar waveguide ground structure；8 signal output ports are staggered；Signal inputs the more waves of 8 × 8 butler matrixs from coaxial cable
After beam feeding network, microstrip line is flowed into through coplanar waveguide ground therein.
Further, four cluster circular holes of the adjacent coupled gap of floor layer in half of free space wavelength, floor layer
It is the ground hole of coplanar waveguide ground in 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks, each circular hole that disperses is 8 × 8 Butler squares
The ground hole of each phase shifter in battle array multi-beam feeding network.
Further, 180 ° of phase shifters are cascaded by two 90 ° of phase shifters, the reference phase shift knot of each 90 ° of phase shifters
Structure is there are two short-circuit minor matters of opening a way, and by the transmission line connection of a half-wavelength between two short-circuit minor matters of opening a way, signal is by opening
Road transmission line coupling is to upper layer microstrip antenna.
Further, the feeding classification of antenna element is that microstrip lines are fed, at a distance of half between adjacent antenna units
Free space wavelength, each antenna element are arranged into antenna unit array in the way of 2 × 4.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Compact multi-beam antenna array system disclosed in this invention, have work belt is wide, design difficulty is low, it is at low cost,
Easy of integration, easy processing, section be low, simple and compact for structure, light-weight, loss is low, can two-dimensional scanning, the features such as scanning range is big.
Existing 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network is rearranged, be allowed to without any cross coupling structure and is adopted
With minimal number of component, new 3dB directional coupler and fixed phase shifter are furthermore also introduced, to have splendid width
Phase behaviour and transmission performance.Antenna element uses microstrip antenna under, parasitic element is in upper stacked structure, can expand antenna
The bandwidth of operation of unit.Antenna unit array and 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks are integrated on vertical space
One, integrated level is high, can be used in the equipment of MIMO type.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the vertical cross-sectional of compact multi-beam antenna array system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is that 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beams are presented in compact multi-beam antenna array system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention 1
The detail drawing of electric network；
Fig. 3 is the detail drawing of floor layer in compact multi-beam antenna array system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is the detail drawing of 180 ° of phase shifters in compact multi-beam antenna array system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 5 is the detail drawing of antenna unit array in compact multi-beam antenna array system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, right below in conjunction with drawings and examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, present embodiment discloses a kind of compact multi-beam antenna array system, described is
System includes four layers of medium substrate, is bonded together between each layer medium substrate by adhesive film 18, in underlying dielectric substrate 12
Bottom surface on arrange 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks 11, which includes
8 signal input ports and 8 signal output ports, arrangement is etched with 8 coupling gaps on the top surface of underlying dielectric substrate
Pass through 13 phase of ground metallization through-hole between 16 14,8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network of floor layer and floor layer
It is logical, 180 ° of phase shifters of top layout, 19,8 × 8 butler matrix of the second layer medium substrate 17 on underlying dielectric substrate
The electromagnetic signal of multi-beam feeding network output is delivered to 180 ° of phase shifters, ground by 8 coupling gaps on floor layer respectively
It is communicated between plate layer 14 and 180 ° phase shifter 19 by ground metallization through-hole 15, the third layer on second layer medium substrate
The electromagnetic signal of 21,180 ° of phase shifters of top layout microstrip antenna of medium substrate 20 by microstrip lines to microstrip antenna,
The top layout parasitic element 23 of top layer medium substrate 22 on third layer medium substrate, by a microstrip antenna under
An antenna element is constituted in upper parasitic element with one, inputs the electromagnetic signal in microstrip antenna by the outside spoke of antenna element
It penetrates, mutiple antennas unit can be arranged into antenna unit array.
As shown in Fig. 2, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks contain 12 3dB directional couplers and 8
A fixed phase shifter, 8 fixed phase shifters include 2 22.5 ° of phase shifters 331 and 332,4 45 ° of phase shifters 341,
342,351 and 352,2 67.5 ° of phase shifters 321 and 322.22.5 °, 45 ° and 67.5 ° phase shifts can be by changing phasing transmission line
Length obtain.
The 3dB directional coupler includes coupling annulus 313, a half-wavelength of connecting at the output port of coupling annulus
The folding line 311 that a half-wavelength in parallel is gone back while transmission line 312, to expand the bandwidth of operation of 3dB directional coupler, and
And guarantee flat amplitude-phase output.
The coupling annulus is formed by connecting by four sections of quarter-wave transmission lines, the spy of quarter-wave transmission line
Sign impedance is respectively 40 Ω and 56 Ω, and the characteristic impedance optimal value of half-wavelength transmission line is 93 Ω, the spy of half-wavelength folding line
Sign impedance optimal value is 67 Ω.
The reference phase-shift structure of 22.5 ° of phase shifters 331 and 332,331 be that one section of transmission line is one section 1/8th in parallel
The short-circuit minor matters of the open circuit minor matters of wavelength and one section of 1/8th wavelength, in order to expand bandwidth and improve phase shift performance, 332 in addition to
Outside the open circuit minor matters of one section of 1/8th wavelength in parallel and the short-circuit minor matters of one section of 1/8th wavelength, one section of bending of also having connected
Line；45 ° of phase shifters and 67.5 ° of phase shifters are the open circuit minor matters and one of one section of transmission line, one section of 1/8th wavelength in parallel
The short-circuit minor matters of 1/8th wavelength of section, required phase-shift phase are obtained by changing the length of phase-shift structure 341,352 and 322
?.
8 signal input ports 371-378 of 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network produce in the horizontal direction
Raw phase difference is respectively 45 °, 45 °, -135 °, -135 °, 135 °, 135 °, -45 ° and 45 °, in the phase that vertical direction generates
Difference is respectively 22.5 °, -157.5 °, 112.5 °, -67.5 °, 67.5 °, -112.5 °, 157.5 ° and -22.5 °.Antenna unit array
It is motivated by above-mentioned signal, can produce the two-dimensional scanning wave beam being differently directed.
In 8 signal input ports 371-378 of 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network, 373,
374,377 and 378 4 are coplanar waveguide ground structure；8 signal output ports 361-368 are staggered；Signal is from coaxial
After cable inputs 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks, microstrip line is flowed into through coplanar waveguide ground 382 therein
381。
As shown in figure 3, four cluster circular holes of the adjacent coupled gap of floor layer in half of free space wavelength, floor layer
42 be the ground hole of coplanar waveguide ground in 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks, and each circular hole 43 that disperses is 8 × 8 Barts
Strangle the ground hole of each phase shifter in matrix multi-beam feeding network.
As shown in figure 4,180 ° of phase shifters are cascaded by two 90 ° of phase shifters, the reference phase shift knot of each 90 ° of phase shifters
Structure is connected between two short-circuit minor matters of opening a way by the transmission line 513 of a half-wavelength, signal there are two short-circuit minor matters 512 of opening a way
Upper layer microstrip antenna is coupled to by open circuited transmission line.Required phase-shift phase is obtained by changing phase-shift structure 522 and 523.
As shown in figure 5, the feeding classification of antenna element is that microstrip lines are fed, at a distance of half between adjacent antenna units
Free space wavelength, each antenna element are arranged into antenna unit array in the way of 2 × 4.
In the present embodiment, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network has 8 signal input ports and 8 letters
Number output port.8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network can will flow into the signal of either signal input port, carry out
It exports after different phse conversions, is exported by motivating unlike signal input port to can produce specified phase difference and amplitude.
For N=2kThe butler matrix of a signal input and signal output, contains Nk/2 directional coupler and (k -1)
N/2 fixed phase shifter.Therefore in the present embodiment, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks contain 12 3dB orientation couplings
Clutch and 8 fixed phase shifters.Wherein, there are 2 22.5 ° of phase shifters, 4 45 ° of phase shifters and 2 67.5 ° of phase shifters.
Floor layer serves as sharing for 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks, 180 ° of phase shifters and antenna unit array
Floor.8 coupling gaps are etched on floor layer, so that the electromagnetism of 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks output
Signal layer can transmit from the bottom up.Adhesive film guarantees electromagnetic signal multilayer dielectric substrate is bonded into an entirety
It does not reveal and effectively transmits.
Intrinsic 180 ° of phase shifts that 180 ° of phase shifters are introduced to compensate reversed feeder line, make to carve each antenna list at the beginning
The same phase of electromagnetic signal in member；Since the excitation feeder line below antenna element is reversed arrangement, 180 ° of phase shifters can compensate because
180 ° of phase differences that reversed arrangement generates.In order to guarantee that preferable broadband character, 180 ° of phase shifters are connected by two 90 ° of phase shifters
It forms.By wherein all the way for, from floor layer slot-coupled come electromagnetic signal, be flowed by microstrip line 511 and 524
180 ° of phase shifters.The phase shift of 90 ° of broadband can be obtained by changing micro-strip line length.
The antenna unit array comes from the wave beam of 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network of bottom to emit, and
Receive the electromagnetic signal in space；Parasitic element in antenna element is to expand bandwidth.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of compact multi-beam antenna array system, it is characterised in that: the system includes four layers of medium substrate, each layer
It is bonded together between medium substrate by adhesive film, arranges that 8 × 8 butler matrixs are more on the bottom surface of underlying dielectric substrate
Wave beam feeding network, 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding network include 8 signal input ports and 8 signal output ends
Mouthful, arrangement is etched with the floor layer in 8 coupling gaps, the feedback of 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beams on the top surface of underlying dielectric substrate
It is communicated between electric network and floor layer by ground metallization through-hole, the second layer medium substrate on underlying dielectric substrate
The electromagnetic signal of 180 ° of phase shifters of top layout, the output of 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks passes through on floor layer respectively
8 coupling gaps be delivered to 180 ° of phase shifters, communicated between floor layer and 180 ° of phase shifters by ground metallization through-hole,
The top layout microstrip antenna of third layer medium substrate on second layer medium substrate, the electromagnetic signal of 180 ° of phase shifters pass through
Microstrip lines are to microstrip antenna, the top layout parasitic element of the top layer medium substrate on third layer medium substrate, by
One microstrip antenna and an electromagnetism letter in upper parasitic element one antenna element of composition, input microstrip antenna under
Number from antenna element to external radiation, mutiple antennas unit can be arranged into antenna unit array.
2. compact multi-beam antenna array system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 8 × 8 Butlers
Matrix multi-beam feeding network contains 12 3dB directional couplers and 8 fixed phase shifters, 8 fixed phase shifter packets
Include 2 22.5 ° of phase shifters, 4 45 ° of phase shifters and 2 67.5 ° of phase shifters.
3. compact multi-beam antenna array system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the 3dB directional couple
Device includes coupling annulus, a half-wave also in parallel while one half-wavelength transmission line of series connection at the output port for coupling annulus
Long folding line, the coupling annulus are formed by connecting by four sections of quarter-wave transmission lines, quarter-wave transmission line
Characteristic impedance be respectively 40 Ω and 56 Ω, the characteristic impedance optimal value of half-wavelength transmission line is 93 Ω, half-wavelength folding line
Characteristic impedance optimal value be 67 Ω.
4. compact multi-beam antenna array system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: 22.5 ° of phase shifters
Reference phase-shift structure, one be one section of transmission line, one section of 1/8th wavelength in parallel open circuit minor matters and one section of 1/8th wave
Long short-circuit minor matters, another is in addition to the open circuit minor matters of one section of 1/8th wavelength in parallel and the short circuit of one section of 1/8th wavelength
Outside minor matters, one section of folding line of also having connected；45 ° of phase shifters and 67.5 ° of phase shifters are that one section of transmission line is one section eight in parallel
The short-circuit minor matters of the open circuit minor matters of/mono- wavelength and one section of 1/8th wavelength.
5. compact multi-beam antenna array system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 8 × 8 Butler square
The phase difference that generates in the horizontal direction of 8 signal input ports of battle array multi-beam feeding network is respectively 45 °, 45 °, -135 °, -
135 °, 135 °, 135 °, -45 ° and 45 °, the phase difference that vertical direction generates be respectively 22.5 °, -157.5 °, 112.5 °, -
67.5 °, 67.5 °, -112.5 °, 157.5 ° and -22.5 °.
6. compact multi-beam antenna array system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in 8 × 8 Butler
In 8 signal input ports of matrix multi-beam feeding network, 4 are coplanar waveguide ground structure；8 signal output end oral sexes
Mistake arrangement；Signal is after coaxial cable 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks of input, through coplanar waveguide ground therein
It is flowed into microstrip line.
7. compact multi-beam antenna array system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the adjacent coupled of floor layer
Four cluster circular holes of the gap in half of free space wavelength, floor layer are connect in 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks
The ground hole of ground co-planar waveguide, it is each to disperse the ground connection that circular hole is each phase shifter in 8 × 8 butler matrix multi-beam feeding networks
Hole.
8. compact multi-beam antenna array system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 180 ° of phase shifters are by two
90 ° of phase shifters cascade, and there are two short-circuit minor matters of opening a way, two open circuit short circuits for the reference phase-shift structure of each 90 ° of phase shifters
By the transmission line connection of a half-wavelength between minor matters, signal is coupled to upper layer microstrip antenna by open circuited transmission line.
9. compact multi-beam antenna array system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the feed side of antenna element
Formula is that microstrip lines are fed, and at a distance of half of free space wavelength between adjacent antenna units, each antenna element is according to 2 × 4
Mode is arranged into antenna unit array.
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| CN115473045A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2022-12-13 | 四川斯艾普电子科技有限公司 | Miniaturized high-directivity antenna based on thick film and implementation method thereof |
| CN115473045B (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-02-03 | 四川斯艾普电子科技有限公司 | Miniaturized high-directivity antenna based on thick film and implementation method thereof |
| CN116488740A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-07-25 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院网络信息研究所 | Space terahertz communication load system |
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