CN209374672U - A kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming networks - Google Patents
A kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming networks Download PDFInfo
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- CN209374672U CN209374672U CN201822246942.4U CN201822246942U CN209374672U CN 209374672 U CN209374672 U CN 209374672U CN 201822246942 U CN201822246942 U CN 201822246942U CN 209374672 U CN209374672 U CN 209374672U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming networks, including the first directional coupler, the second directional coupler, third directional coupler, the 4th directional coupler, first transmission line, second transmission line, third transmission line, the 4th transmission line, the first Ohmic resistance, the second Ohmic resistance, the first ground line, the second ground line, floor and coaxial cable；Wherein, there are two input terminal and two output ends, respectively first input end, the second input terminal, the first output end and second output terminal for each directional coupler tool；2 × 4 butler matrix has 2 signal input ports, respectively first input port and the second input port, there is 4 output ports, respectively the first output port, second output terminal mouth, third output port and the 4th output port.The utility model realizes that structure is simple using microstrip structure, and manufacture is easy, and size is small, and loss is small, and the isolation of cross spider is high, and isolation and the impedance matching of beam-forming network can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to fields of communication technology, and in particular to a kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming networks.
Background technique
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and sharply increasing for service of mobile communication, it is faced with communication cell
Between signal interference is strong, spectrum capabilities are insufficient and signal covering it is narrow the problems such as.Multibeam antenna can generate multiple wave beams simultaneously
Pattern characteristics can increase network capacity；In addition, multibeam antenna easily realizes narrow beam and high-gain, signal can be reduced
Interference and increase coverage distance.Therefore, multibeam antenna is with a wide range of applications and is worth.
Wherein, Butler (Butler) matrix is the important component of multibeam antenna, is to generate multi-beam characteristic
Critical component.However, structure is complicated for Butler (Butler) matrix in the prior art, and consume with higher, need
In further perfect.
Utility model content
In view of this, the utility model proposes a kind of 2 × 4 Butler squares in order to solve the above problem in the prior art
Array beamforming network.
The utility model is solved the above problems by following technological means:
A kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming networks, including the first directional coupler, the second directional coupler, third
Directional coupler, the 4th directional coupler, first transmission line, second transmission line, third transmission line, the 4th transmission line, the first Europe
Nurse resistance, the second Ohmic resistance, the first ground line, the second ground line, floor and coaxial cable；Wherein, each directional coupler
There are two input terminal and two output ends, respectively first input end, the second input terminal, the first output end and the second output for tool
End；2 × 4 butler matrix has 2 signal input ports, respectively first input port and the second input port, there is 4
Output port, respectively the first output port, second output terminal mouth, third output port and the 4th output port；
The first input end of first directional coupler is connected to first input port, and the second of the first directional coupler
Input terminal is connect with one end of the first Ohmic resistance, and the other end of the first Ohmic resistance and the first ground line connect, the first ground connection
Line is connect with floor；First output end of the first directional coupler is connect with first transmission line input terminal, first transmission line it is defeated
Outlet is connected with the first input end for connecting third directional coupler；The second output terminal and third of first directional coupler are transmitted
The input terminal of line connects, and the first intermediate ends of third transmission line and the first inner conductor end of coaxial cable connect, coaxial line second
Inner conductor end is connect with the second intermediate ends of third transmission line, and the first of the output end of third transmission line and the 4th directional coupler
Input terminal connection；Second input terminal of the second directional coupler is connected to first input port, and the first of the second directional coupler
Input terminal is connect with one end of the second Ohmic resistance, and the other end of the second Ohmic resistance and the second ground line connect, the second ground connection
Line is connect with floor；First output end of the second directional coupler is connect with the input terminal of the 4th transmission line, the 4th transmission line
Output end is connect with the second input terminal of third directional coupler；The second output terminal and second transmission line of second directional coupler
Input terminal connection, the output end of second transmission line are connect with the second input terminal of the 4th directional coupler；Wherein third orients coupling
First output end of clutch is the first output port, and the second output terminal of third directional coupler is second output terminal mouth, the 4th
First output end of directional coupler is third output port, and the second output terminal of the 4th directional coupler is the 4th output end
Mouthful.
Further, first to fourth directional coupler is all made of microstrip structure to realize, first to fourth directional couple
Device is printed on the top of a PCB dielectric-slab.
Further, the first input end of first to fourth directional coupler is distributed in ipsilateral with the first output end,
Second input terminal be distributed in second output terminal it is ipsilateral, first to fourth directional coupler have 90 degree of phase-shift characterisitcs.
Further, the first directional coupler is that the constant power with 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics distributes directional coupler.
Further, the second directional coupler is that the unequal power with 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics distributes directional coupler.
Further, third directional coupler is that the constant power with 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics distributes directional coupler.
Further, the 4th directional coupler is that the constant power with 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics distributes directional coupler.
Further, first to fourth transmission line is all made of microstrip structure to realize, first to fourth transmission line prints
At the top of PCB dielectric-slab.
Further, 45 degree of transmission phase delay relative to third transmission line of the transmission phase of first transmission line；Second
45 degree of transmission phase delay relative to the 4th transmission line of the transmission phase of transmission line.
Further, floor printing is in the bottom of PCB, including first goes to copper region and second to remove copper region, coaxial cable
Outer conductor connect with floor, the first inner conductor end of coaxial cable and the second inner conductor section are each passed through the first of floor and remove copper
Copper region is gone in region and second.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model include at least:
A kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network provided by the utility model realized using microstrip structure, structure
Simply, manufacture is easy.In addition, the cross spider of the beam-forming network realizes that size is small using coaxial cable structure, loss
It is small, and the isolation of cross spider is high, and isolation and the impedance matching of beam-forming network can be improved.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to required in embodiment description in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
Attached drawing to be used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some realities of the utility model
Example is applied, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network top level structure schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network fabric schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is that 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network cross spider of the utility model i.e. third transmission line 7 and the 4th pass
Defeated 8 isolation schematic diagram of line.
Specific embodiment
To keep the above objects, features, and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, below in conjunction with attached drawing and
The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail in specific embodiment.It should be pointed out that described embodiment is only
It is only the utility model a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments, based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field
Those of ordinary skill's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to the utility model
The range of protection.
Referring to Fig.1 and 2, a kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network provided by the utility model is determined by first
It is passed to coupler 1, the second directional coupler 2, third directional coupler 3, the 4th directional coupler 4, first transmission line 5, second
Defeated line 6, third transmission line 7, the 4th transmission line 8, the first Ohmic resistance 9, the second Ohmic resistance 10, first ground line 11, second
Ground line 12, floor 16 and coaxial cable 13 form；Wherein, there are two input terminals and two outputs for each directional coupler tool
End, respectively first input end, the second input terminal, the first output end and second output terminal；2 × 4 butler matrix has 2
Signal input port, respectively first input port in1 and the second input port in2, there is 4 output ports, and respectively first
Output port out1, second output terminal mouth out2, third output port out3 and the 4th output port out4.
The connection relationship of each component is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 in the utility model, and the first of first directional coupler 1
Input terminal 1a is connected to first input port in1, the second input terminal 1b of the first directional coupler 1 and the first Ohmic resistance 9
One end connection, the other end of the first Ohmic resistance 9 are connect with the first ground line 11, and the first ground line 11 is connect with floor 16；The
First output end 1c of one directional coupler 1 is connect with 5 input terminal 5a of first transmission line, the output end 5b of first transmission line 5 with
Connect the first input end 3a connection of third directional coupler；The second output terminal 1d and third of first directional coupler 1 are transmitted
The input terminal 7a connection of line 7, the first intermediate ends 7b of third transmission line 7 are connect with the first inner conductor end 13a of coaxial cable 13,
13 second inner conductor end 13b of coaxial line is connect with the second intermediate ends 7c of third transmission line 7, the output end 7d of third transmission line 7
It is connect with the first input end 4a of the 4th directional coupler 4；It is defeated that second input terminal 2b of the second directional coupler 2 is connected to first
Inbound port in2, the first input end 2a of the second directional coupler 2 are connect with one end of the second Ohmic resistance 10, second ohm of electricity
The other end of resistance 10 is connect with the second ground line 12, and the second ground line 12 is connect with floor 16；The first of second directional coupler 2
Output end 2c is connect with the input terminal 8a of the 4th transmission line 8, and the of the output end 8b of the 4th transmission line 8 and third directional coupler
Two input terminal 3b connections；The second output terminal 2d of second directional coupler 2 is connect with 6 input terminal 6a of second transmission line, and second passes
The output end 6b of defeated line 6 is connect with the second input terminal 4b of the 4th directional coupler 4；Wherein the first of third directional coupler 3
Output end 3c is the first output port out1, and the second output terminal 3d of third directional coupler 3 is second output terminal mouth out2, the
First output end 4c of four directional couplers 4 is third output port out3, and the second output terminal 4d of the 4th directional coupler 4 is
4th output port out4.
In the present invention, first to fourth directional coupler is all made of microstrip structure to realize, first to fourth is fixed
The top of a PCB dielectric-slab is printed on to coupler.The first input end and first of first to fourth directional coupler
Output end is distributed in ipsilateral, and the second input terminal is distributed in ipsilateral with second output terminal.The first to fourth directional couple utensil
Have 90 degree of phase-shift characterisitcs, i.e., when from first, second, third or the 4th any one input terminal of directional coupler feed when,
90 degree of transmission phase delay of the transmission phase of heteropleural output end than ipsilateral output end.
Specifically, the first directional coupler 1 is that the constant power with 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics distributes directional coupler.Work as signal
When being fed from the first input end 1a of the first directional coupler 1, the distribution power phase of the first output end 1c and second output terminal 1d
Deng for the half of input signal power, phase delay 90 of the output phase of second output terminal 1d relative to the first output end 1c
Degree.Similarly, when signal is fed from the second input terminal 1b of the first directional coupler 1, the output of the first output end 1c and second
It holds the distribution power of 1d equal, is the half of input signal power, the output phase of the first output end 1c is relative to the second output
The output phase of 1d is held to postpone 90 degree.
Second directional coupler 2 is that the unequal power with 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics distributes directional coupler.When signal is from
When the first input end 2a feed of two directional couplers 2, the first output end 2c is equal with the distribution power of second output terminal 2d, is
The half of input signal power, 90 degree of phase delay relative to the first output end 2c of the output phase of second output terminal 2d.Class
As, when signal is fed from the second input terminal 2b of the second directional coupler 2, second output terminal 2d and the first output end 2c's
Distribution power is same, is the half of input signal power, the output phase of the first output end 2c is relative to second output terminal 2d's
90 degree of phase delay.
Third directional coupler 3 is that the constant power with 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics distributes directional coupler.When signal is from third
When the first input end 3a feed of directional coupler 3, the first output end 3c is equal with the distribution power of second output terminal 3d, is defeated
Enter the half of signal power, 90 degree of phase delay relative to the first output end 3c of the output phase of second output terminal 3d.It is similar
Ground, when signal is fed from the second input terminal 3b of third directional coupler 3, point of the first output end 3c and second output terminal 3d
It is equal with power, it is the half of input signal power, the output phase of the first output end 3c is relative to the defeated of second output terminal 3d
90 degree of phase delay out.
4th directional coupler 4 is that the constant power with 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics distributes directional coupler.When signal is from the 4th
When the first input end 4a feed of directional coupler 4, the first output end 4c is equal with the distribution power of second output terminal 4d, is defeated
Enter the half of signal power, 90 degree of phase delay relative to the first output end 4c of the output phase of second output terminal 4d.It is similar
Ground, when signal is fed from the second input terminal 4b of the 4th directional coupler 4, point of the first output end 4c and second output terminal 4d
It is equal with power, it is the half of input signal power, the output phase of the first output end 4c is relative to the defeated of second output terminal 4d
90 degree of phase delay out.
First to fourth transmission line is all made of microstrip structure to realize, first to fourth transmission line is printed on PCB medium
The top of plate.45 degree of transmission phase delay relative to third transmission line 7 of the transmission phase of first transmission line 5；Second transmission line 6
45 degree of transmission phase delay relative to the 4th transmission line 8 of transmission phase.
As shown in Fig. 2, floor 16 is printed on the bottom of PCB, including first goes to copper region 14 and second to go to copper region 15, together
The outer conductor 13c of shaft cable 13 is connect with floor 16, the first inner conductor end 13a of coaxial cable 13 and the second inner conductor section 13b
Being each passed through the first of floor 16 goes to copper region 14 and second to go to copper region 15.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
If radiofrequency signal is inputted from first input port in1, signal separates two-way after first passing around the first directional coupler 1
Signal, the first output end 1c signal of the first directional coupler 1 are 0 ° of 1/2 ∠, and second output terminal 1d signal is 1/2 ∠ -90 °,
Wherein flow to first transmission line 5 for 0 ° of 1/2 ∠ of signal, ∠ -90 ° of signal 1/2 flows to third transmission line 7.0 ° of 1/2 ∠ of signal by the
After one transmission line 5, the signal of the first input end 3a of third directional coupler 3 is 1/2 ∠ -45 °, ∠ -45 ° of signal 1/2 processes
After third directional coupler 3, signal after the first output end 3c of third directional coupler 3 is 1/4 ∠ -45 °, and third orients coupling
Signal after the second output terminal 3d of clutch 3 is 1/4 ∠ -135 °；The output signal of first directional coupler, 1 second output terminal 1d
1/2 ∠ -90 ° after third transmission line 7, the signal of the first input end 4a of the 4th directional coupler 4 is 1/2 ∠ -90 °, letter
Number 1/2 ∠ -90 ° after the 4th directional coupler 4, the signal after the first output end 4c of the 4th directional coupler 4 is 1/4
∠ -90 °, the signal after the second output terminal 4d of the 4th directional coupler 4 is 1/4 ∠ -180 °；Therefore, if from first input end
After mouth in1 input signal, then the first output port out1, third output port out3, second output terminal mouth out2 and the 4th are defeated
The output signal of exit port out4 is respectively 1/4 ∠ -45 °, 1/4 ∠ -90 °, 1/4 ∠ -135 °, 1/4 ∠ -180 °, i.e., when from
When one input port in1 is fed, the signal amplitude of first to fourth output port is equal, the first output port out1, third output
The distribution power phase difference of port out3, second output terminal mouth out2 and the 4th output port out4 adjacent output port be-
45°。
If radiofrequency signal is inputted from the second input port in2, signal separates two-way after first passing around the second directional coupler 2
Signal, the first output end 2c signal of the second directional coupler 2 are 1/2 ∠ -90 °, and second output terminal 2d signal is 0 ° of 1/2 ∠,
Wherein ∠ -90 ° of signal 1/2 flows to the 4th transmission line 8, and 0 ° of 1/2 ∠ of signal flows to second transmission line 6.∠ -90 ° of signal 1/2 processes
After 4th transmission line 8, the signal of the first input end 3a of third directional coupler 3 is 1/2 ∠ -90 °, ∠ -90 ° of signal 1/2 warps
After crossing third directional coupler 3, signal after the first output end 3c of third directional coupler 3 is 1/4 ∠ -180 °, and third is fixed
It is 1/4 ∠ -90 ° to the signal after the second output terminal 3d of coupler 3；The output of second directional coupler, 2 second output terminal 2d
For 0 ° of 1/2 ∠ of signal after second transmission line 6, the signal of the first input end 4a of the 4th directional coupler 4 is 1/2 ∠ -45 °,
∠ -45 ° of signal 1/2 after the 4th directional coupler 4, signal after the first output end 4c of the 4th directional coupler 4 is 1/4
∠ -135 °, the signal after the second output terminal 4d of the 4th directional coupler 4 is 1/4 ∠ -45 °；Therefore, if from the second input terminal
After mouth in2 input signal, then the first output port out1, third output port out3, second output terminal mouth out2 and the 4th are defeated
The output signal of exit port out4 is respectively 1/4 ∠ -180 °, 1/4 ∠ -135 °, 1/4 ∠ -90 °, 1/4 ∠ -45 °, i.e., when from
When two input port in2 are fed, the signal amplitude of first to fourth output port is equal, the first output port out1, third output
The distribution power phase difference of port out3, second output terminal mouth out2 and the 4th output port out4 adjacent output port is 45 °.
A kind of 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network provided by the utility model realized using microstrip structure, structure
Simply, manufacture is easy.In addition, the cross spider of the beam-forming network realizes that size is small using coaxial cable structure, loss
It is small, and the isolation of cross spider is high, as shown in figure 3, isolation and the impedance matching of beam-forming network can be improved.
Above-described embodiments merely represent several embodiments of the utility model, the description thereof is more specific and detailed,
But it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the utility model.It should be pointed out that for the common of this field
For technical staff, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, various modifications and improvements can be made, these all belong to
In the protection scope of the utility model.Therefore, the scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims for the utility model patent.
Claims (10)
1. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network of one kind, which is characterized in that including the first directional coupler, the second orientation coupling
Clutch, third directional coupler, the 4th directional coupler, first transmission line, second transmission line, third transmission line, the 4th transmission
Line, the first Ohmic resistance, the second Ohmic resistance, the first ground line, the second ground line, floor and coaxial cable；Wherein, Mei Geding
To coupler tool there are two input terminal and two output ends, respectively first input end, the second input terminal, the first output end and the
Two output ends；2 × 4 butler matrix has 2 signal input ports, respectively first input port and the second input terminal
Mouthful, there are 4 output ports, respectively the first output port, second output terminal mouth, third output port and the 4th output port；
The first input end of first directional coupler is connected to first input port, the second input of the first directional coupler
End connect with one end of the first Ohmic resistance, the other end of the first Ohmic resistance with first ground line connection, first be grounded and
Floor connection；First output end of the first directional coupler is connect with first transmission line input terminal, the output end of first transmission line
It is connected with the first input end for connecting third directional coupler；The second output terminal of first directional coupler and third transmission line
Input terminal connection, the first intermediate ends of third transmission line and the first inner conductor end of coaxial cable connect, and lead in coaxial line second
Body end is connect with the second intermediate ends of third transmission line, the first input of the output end of third transmission line and the 4th directional coupler
End connection；Second input terminal of the second directional coupler is connected to first input port, the first input of the second directional coupler
End connect with one end of the second Ohmic resistance, the other end of the second Ohmic resistance with second ground line connection, second be grounded and
Floor connection；First output end of the second directional coupler is connect with the input terminal of the 4th transmission line, the output of the 4th transmission line
End is connect with the second input terminal of third directional coupler；The second output terminal and second transmission line of second directional coupler input
End connection, the output end of second transmission line are connect with the second input terminal of the 4th directional coupler；Wherein third directional coupler
The first output end be the first output port, the second output terminal of third directional coupler is second output terminal mouth, the 4th orientation
First output end of coupler is third output port, and the second output terminal of the 4th directional coupler is the 4th output port.
2. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first to fourth orientation
Coupler is all made of microstrip structure to realize, first to fourth directional coupler is printed on the top of a PCB dielectric-slab.
3. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described first to fourth
The first input end of directional coupler is distributed in ipsilateral with the first output end, and the second input terminal and second output terminal are distributed in together
Side, first to fourth directional coupler have 90 degree of phase-shift characterisitcs.
4. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first directional coupler
To distribute directional coupler with the constant power of 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics.
5. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the second directional coupler
To distribute directional coupler with the unequal power of 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics.
6. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that third directional coupler
To distribute directional coupler with the constant power of 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics.
7. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 4th directional coupler
To distribute directional coupler with the constant power of 90 degree of Phase-Shifting Characteristics.
8. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network according to claim 2, which is characterized in that first to fourth transmission
Line is all made of microstrip structure to realize, first to fourth transmission line is printed on the top of PCB dielectric-slab.
9. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the biography of first transmission line
45 degree of transmission phase delay relative to third transmission line of defeated phase；The transmission phase of second transmission line is relative to the 4th transmission line
45 degree of transmission phase delay.
10. 2 × 4 butler matrix beam-forming network according to claim 2, which is characterized in that floor printing is in PCB
Bottom, including first go to copper region and second to go to copper region, and the outer conductor of coaxial cable is connect with floor, the of coaxial cable
One inner conductor end and the second inner conductor section are each passed through the first of floor and copper region and second are gone to go to copper region.
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