CN110274852B - Underground water dynamic simulation experiment system and method - Google Patents
Underground water dynamic simulation experiment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110274852B CN110274852B CN201910639951.6A CN201910639951A CN110274852B CN 110274852 B CN110274852 B CN 110274852B CN 201910639951 A CN201910639951 A CN 201910639951A CN 110274852 B CN110274852 B CN 110274852B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underground water dynamic simulation experiment system and an experiment method, wherein the experiment system comprises a simulation experiment box, a deoxidizing device, an experiment device and an auxiliary appliance; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a soil column sample; secondly, preparing a surface water simulation water sample in an aerobic environment; thirdly, simulating an anoxic environment; fourthly, preparing a groundwater simulation water sample in an anoxic environment; fifthly, surface water seepage simulation experiment; sixthly, simulating an underground water rewet experiment; seventhly, performing an interactive seepage simulation experiment on surface water and underground water; and eighthly, measuring the pH value, the dissolved oxygen content and the antibiotic concentration of the collected surface seepage water, underground rewet water and interactive seepage water. In the simulation test box, the experiment device and the auxiliary apparatus can be used for carrying out surface water seepage simulation experiments, underground water return seepage simulation experiments and surface water and underground water interaction seepage simulation experiments, and the problem that the dynamic process of pollutants entering underground water cannot be accurately researched in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground water science and engineering, and particularly relates to an underground water dynamic simulation experiment system and an underground water dynamic simulation experiment method.
Background
Underground water resources play a crucial role in water resources in China, and play an irreplaceable role in maintaining ecological environment safety, economic and social health development and the like. However, with the development of socio-economic, a large amount of unreasonably discharged domestic sewage waste, industrial waste water waste, agricultural pollutants and the like are transported to the underground through the air-in-soil zone, so that a large amount of pollutants enter the underground water environment to cause underground water pollution, and the problem of underground water environmental pollution is increasingly complicated.
The pollution of underground water is a serious problem in China, the control and repair of the pollution of the underground water is one of important works for protecting water resources, and the pollution of the underground water is a phenomenon that the chemical composition, the physical property and the biological property of the underground water are changed to reduce the water quality. Over the years, many scientific researchers continuously carry out scientific research work on groundwater pollution prevention, and groundwater dynamic simulation is one of important means for researching groundwater pollution, so that a reasonably designed groundwater dynamic simulation experiment system accurately simulates groundwater environment and has great significance for researching groundwater hydrodynamic processes and implementing groundwater pollution remediation. The existing underground water research process has the following defects: 1. the content of dissolved oxygen in underground water is low, the underground water is an anaerobic environment, a traditional research mode is adopted, an underground water sample is directly collected and is brought back to an indoor for analysis, and the research environment of an underground water sample cannot meet the anaerobic condition, so that oxygen in the air enters the sample, the water sample is polluted, and the experimental data deviation is caused; 2. the temperature of the underground environment is low and basically in a constant temperature state, the traditional sampled underground water is researched at room temperature, along with the change of the temperature, the occurrence state of pollutants in the underground water can be greatly influenced, and the underground water quality and the pollution degree can not be accurately reflected; 3. the underground environment is a dark environment, and in the research process of the traditional sampled underground water, when sunlight irradiates an underground water sample, the underground water sample can be subjected to photochemical reaction, so that the research on the pollution degree in the underground water can be greatly influenced; 4. most of the existing groundwater pollution researches are directed at pollutants in groundwater, surface groundwater interaction is not researched, and the dynamic process of the pollutants entering groundwater cannot be accurately researched, so that a groundwater dynamic simulation experiment system which can accurately simulate groundwater environment, is easy to operate and has a wide application range is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an underground water dynamic simulation experiment system aiming at the defects in the prior art. This simulation experiment system can simulate actual groundwater environment in the simulation experiment incasement, utilizes experimental apparatus and auxiliary instrument can carry out surface water seepage flow simulation experiment, groundwater rewet simulation experiment and surface water and groundwater interaction seepage flow simulation experiment in the simulation experiment incasement, has solved among the prior art problem that can not the accurate research pollutant gets into the dynamic process of groundwater.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides an underground water dynamic simulation experiment system which characterized in that: the simulation experiment box comprises a simulation experiment box for simulating groundwater environment, a deaerator arranged on the outer side of the simulation experiment box and communicated with the simulation experiment box, an experiment device and an auxiliary appliance arranged in the simulation experiment box, the simulation experiment box comprises a box body made of an organic glass plate, the outer side of the box body is covered with a heat insulation plate matched with the appearance structure of the box body, the side surface of the box body is provided with a rectangular observation window and two operation holes which are arranged below the rectangular observation window and are symmetrically arranged, the top of the rectangular observation window is provided with a shading curtain, the orifice positions of the two operation holes are respectively sleeved with a left hand operation glove and a right hand operation glove, the box body is provided with an air inlet connecting pipe and an air outlet connecting pipe, the top surface of the box body is provided with an air inlet connecting pipe, the box body is provided with an air outlet connecting pipe, and the box body is provided with an, the box body is provided with a detachable sealing ring door, the deaerating device comprises a first nitrogen bottle, an air circulating pump and a Benne washing bottle which is connected with an air return pipe of the air circulating pump and contains alkaline solution of pyrogallic acid, the first nitrogen bottle, the air circulating pump and the Benne washing bottle are arranged outside the box body, an outlet pipe of the Benne washing bottle is connected with the air outlet connecting pipe through a nitrogen return pipe, a first surface water simulation water sample bottle and a second surface water simulation water sample bottle which are used for containing a surface water simulation water sample are arranged outside the box body, the first surface water simulation water sample bottle and the second surface water simulation water sample bottle are respectively connected with two water inlets, the experiment device comprises a movable support which is arranged inside the box body and used for supporting a soil column sample, a three-neck flask which is used for containing a groundwater simulation water sample and a peristaltic pump which is communicated with the three-neck flask, and a nitrogen inlet pipe is inserted in the three-neck flask, the nitrogen gas inlet pipe passes the aeration hole is in with the setting the second nitrogen bottle intercommunication in the box outside, the below of three-neck flask is provided with the constant temperature water bath, be provided with in the box and be used for detecting oxygen content's in the box complex gas detector and be used for detecting the temperature transmitter of temperature in the box, be provided with the water pipe that is used for letting in the cooling water in the box.
The underground water dynamic simulation experiment system is characterized in that: the quantity of intake takeover is at least two, the quantity of play water takeover is at least three, install the admission valve on the takeover of admitting air, install the air outlet valve on the takeover of giving vent to anger, install the water intaking valve on the takeover of intaking, install the outlet valve on the takeover of going out water, be provided with the pressure release hole on the box, the drill way position department in pressure release hole installs the relief valve.
The underground water dynamic simulation experiment system is characterized in that: supplementary utensil is including setting up three-layer test-tube rack that sets up in the box, be used for preparing and hold the beaker of groundwater simulation water sample and a plurality of be used for right the hydrolysis rate of antibiotic carries out the erlenmeyer flask that surveys in the groundwater simulation water sample, it gathers test tube, a plurality of secret rewet water collection test tube and a plurality of mutual seepage water collection test tube to place a plurality of earth's surface seepage water on the three-layer test-tube rack.
The underground water dynamic simulation experiment system is characterized in that: the box is internally provided with a hydrolysis tank, and the hydrolysis tank is internally provided with a heating rod.
The invention also provides an underground water dynamic simulation experiment method, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a soil column sample:
the method comprises the steps of respectively filling sediments which are collected in three different collection points in the same river channel and are naturally air-dried into three organic glass round tubes with the same volume, preparing three soil column samples with the same volume, respectively marking the three soil column samples as a first soil column sample, a second soil column sample and a third soil column sample, vertically installing a first bottom sampling guide pipe at the bottom of the first soil column sample, horizontally installing a plurality of first side wall sampling guide pipes which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the first soil column sample on the side wall of the first soil column sample, vertically installing a second bottom sampling guide pipe at the bottom of the second soil column sample, horizontally installing a plurality of second side wall sampling guide pipes which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the second soil column sample on the side wall of the second soil column sample, a third bottom sampling guide pipe is vertically arranged at the bottom of the third soil column sample, and a plurality of third side wall sampling guide pipes which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the third soil column sample are horizontally arranged on the side wall of the third soil column sample;
step two, preparing a surface water simulation water sample in an aerobic environment:
preparing a surface water simulation water sample in a volumetric flask outside the box body;
step three, simulating an anoxic environment, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps:
301, mounting the first soil column sample, the second soil column sample and the third soil column sample prepared in the first step on a movable support, so that the first soil column sample and the third soil column sample are respectively positioned under the two water inlet connecting pipes;
302, injecting an alkaline solution of pyrogallic acid into the Meng's washing bottle, wherein the liquid level height of the alkaline solution of the pyrogallic acid is not lower than two thirds of the height of the Meng's washing bottle; filling tap water into the three-neck flask; then counting the number of the auxiliary appliances in the box body;
step 303, closing the detachable door with the sealing ring, and removing oxygen in the box body to enable the oxygen content in the box body to be lower than 0.2 mg/L;
step four, preparing a groundwater simulation water sample in an anoxic environment:
in the box body, firstly, a constant-temperature water bath kettle is utilized to heat tap water in the three-neck flask to 100 ℃, a second nitrogen bottle is opened, nitrogen is filled into the three-neck flask, oxygen in the tap water in the three-neck flask is eliminated, and the tap water in the three-neck flask is made into oxygen-free water; then, closing the constant-temperature water bath kettle, standing the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask to reduce the temperature to the temperature in the box body, introducing cooling water into the water pipe, reading the temperature in the box body detected by the temperature transmitter, stopping introducing the cooling water into the water pipe when the temperature in the box body and the temperature of the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask are both in the range of 16-22 ℃, pouring all the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask into a beaker, and preparing an underground water simulation water sample in the beaker;
step five, a surface water seepage simulation experiment specifically comprises the following steps:
step 501, injecting the surface water simulation water sample prepared in the step two into the first surface water simulation water sample bottle, communicating the first surface water simulation water sample bottle with one water inlet connecting pipe, spreading a light-shielding curtain to enable the interior of the box body to be in a dark state, and at the moment, communicating the surface water simulation water sample in the first surface water simulation water sample bottle to the top end of the first soil pillar sample to enable the surface water simulation water sample in the first surface water simulation water sample bottle to gradually seep downwards along the height direction of the first soil pillar sample;
502, obtaining surface seepage water in the process that the surface water simulation water sample in the first surface water simulation water sample bottle gradually seeps downwards along the height direction of the first soil column sample, rolling up a shading curtain for many times, collecting the surface seepage water in the box body from top to bottom along the seepage direction of the surface water simulation water sample in sequence at outlets of a plurality of first side wall sampling pipes and outlets of first bottom sampling pipes, respectively placing the surface seepage water collected for many times in a plurality of surface seepage water collecting test tubes, and placing the surface seepage water collecting test tubes in a first layer of a three-layer test tube rack after marking the surface seepage water collecting test tubes one by one;
sixthly, performing a groundwater recharge simulation experiment, specifically comprising the following steps:
step 601, pouring an underground water simulation water sample prepared in the fourth step into the three-neck flask, connecting one end of a hose of a peristaltic pump with any open end of the three-neck flask, connecting the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump with a second bottom sampling pipe arranged at the bottom of a second soil column sample, opening the peristaltic pump, spreading a shading curtain, and pumping the underground water simulation water sample prepared in the fourth step in the three-neck flask by the peristaltic pump so as to enable the underground water simulation water sample to gradually permeate upwards along the height direction of the second soil column sample;
step 602, obtaining underground rewet water in the process that the underground water simulation water sample in the three-neck flask is rewetted upwards along the height direction of the second soil column sample, wherein a shading curtain needs to be rolled up for many times, the underground rewet water is collected at an outlet of a second bottom sampling pipe and outlets of a plurality of second side wall sampling pipes in sequence from bottom to top along the rewetting direction of the underground water simulation water sample in the box body, the underground rewet water collected for many times is respectively placed in a plurality of underground rewet water collecting test tubes, and after the underground rewet water collecting test tubes are marked one by one, the underground rewet water collecting test tubes are placed in a second layer of a three-layer test tube rack;
seventhly, performing a surface water and underground water interaction seepage simulation experiment, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 701, injecting the surface water simulation water sample prepared in the step two into the second surface water simulation water sample bottle, communicating the second surface water simulation water sample bottle with the other water inlet connecting pipe, spreading a shading curtain to enable the interior of the box body to be in a dark state, and at the moment, conducting the surface water simulation water sample in the second surface water simulation water sample bottle to the top end of the third soil column sample to enable the surface water simulation water sample in the second surface water simulation water sample bottle to gradually seep downwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample;
step 702, after the surface water simulation water sample in the step 701 gradually seeps downwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample for 24 hours, rolling up a shading curtain, disconnecting the other end of a hose of a peristaltic pump from a second bottom sampling pipe arranged at the bottom of the second soil column sample in the box body, connecting the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump with a third bottom sampling pipe arranged at the bottom of the third soil column sample, then opening the peristaltic pump, spreading the shading curtain, and pumping the underground water simulation water sample in the three-mouth flask by the peristaltic pump to enable the underground water simulation water sample to gradually seep back upwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample;
step 703, obtaining an interactive seepage water in the process that the surface water simulation water sample in the three-neck flask is upwards infiltrated along the height direction of the third soil column sample, wherein a shading curtain needs to be rolled up for many times, the interactive seepage water is collected at an outlet of a third bottom sampling pipe and at outlets of a plurality of third side wall sampling pipes in sequence from bottom to top along the infiltration direction of the underground water simulation water sample in the box body, the interactive seepage water collected for many times is respectively placed in the plurality of interactive seepage water collection test tubes, and after the plurality of interactive seepage water collection test tubes are marked one by one, the plurality of interactive seepage water collection test tubes are placed in the third layer of the three-layer test tube rack;
and step eight, measuring the pH value, the dissolved oxygen content and the antibiotic concentration of the collected surface seepage water, underground rewet water and interactive seepage water.
The method for the groundwater dynamic simulation experiment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific process of removing oxygen in the rectangular box body 1 in the step 303 comprises the following steps:
3031, closing the detachable door with the sealing ring to enable the box body to be in a closed state, then connecting a first nitrogen bottle to the air inlet connecting pipe, filling nitrogen into the box body, stopping filling nitrogen into the box body when the time for filling nitrogen lasts for 3-5 min, and detaching the first nitrogen bottle;
3032, connecting an air inlet pipe of the air circulating pump with an air inlet connecting pipe, opening the air circulating pump, sucking the mixed gas in the box body into the Meng's washing bottle by using the air circulating pump, enabling the alkaline solution of the pyrogallic acid in the Meng's washing bottle to react with oxygen in the mixed gas, enabling nitrogen in the mixed gas flowing through the Meng's washing bottle to enter the box body through a nitrogen return pipe and an air outlet connecting pipe, enabling the composite gas detector to detect the oxygen content in the box body, and closing the air circulating pump when the oxygen content in the box body is lower than 0.2 mg/L.
The method for the groundwater dynamic simulation experiment is characterized by comprising the following steps: and step eight, when the pH values, the dissolved oxygen contents and the antibiotic concentrations of the surface seepage water, the underground reverse seepage water and the interactive seepage water are measured, taking the plurality of surface seepage water collecting test tubes, the plurality of underground reverse seepage water collecting test tubes and the plurality of interactive seepage water collecting test tubes out of the box body one by one for measurement, wherein in the measurement process, the time of exposing the surface seepage water, the underground reverse seepage water and the interactive seepage water in the air is not more than 10 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the groundwater dynamic simulation experiment system comprises a simulation experiment box for simulating groundwater environment, a deaerating device communicated with the simulation experiment box is arranged on the outer side of the simulation experiment box, the simulation experiment box comprises a box body made of an organic glass plate, a heat insulation plate matched with the appearance structure of the box body covers the outer side of the box body, when the simulation experiment box is in actual use, oxygen in the box body can be removed by the deaerating device, a closed and dark anoxic environment is formed in the box body, a rectangular observation window and two symmetrically arranged operation holes are formed in the side surface of the box body, the two operation holes are positioned below the rectangular observation window, a shading curtain is arranged at the top of the rectangular observation window, a left hand operation glove and a right hand operation glove are fixedly arranged at the hole openings of the two operation holes respectively, when the box body is in a closed state and the interior of the box body is in an anoxic environment, the experimenter still can carry out experiment operation in the box outside, during the in-service use, the experimenter faces two handle holes, stretch into in the left hand operation gloves and the right hand operation gloves respectively with both hands, and stretch into two handle holes with both hands, the operation of simulation experiment is carried out in the inside of box, at the in-process of operation, the experimenter can observe the experimentation through the rectangle observation, can not destroy the confined state of box and the inside oxygen deficiency environment of box, satisfy the experimental requirement of simulating the seepage flow process of surface water and groundwater under the oxygen free condition.
2. According to the groundwater dynamic simulation experiment system, the experiment device and the auxiliary appliance are arranged in the simulation experiment box, the experiment device comprises the movable support arranged in the simulation experiment box, the three-neck flask and the peristaltic pump communicated with the three-neck flask, when the system is in practical use, the soil column sample is placed on the movable support, the movable support can play a role of supporting the soil column sample, when tap water is contained in the three-neck flask, the tap water in the three-neck flask can be prepared into anoxic water under an anoxic environment in the simulation experiment box, the anoxic water can be used for preparing a groundwater simulation water sample, the peristaltic pump is used for pumping the groundwater simulation water sample contained in the three-neck flask, the groundwater simulation water sample is enabled to upwards seep from the bottom of the soil column sample, and therefore the purpose of simulating the groundwater rewet process is achieved.
3. The groundwater dynamic simulation experiment system provided by the invention has the advantages that the hydrolysis tank is arranged in the box body, the heating rod is arranged in the hydrolysis tank, and after the groundwater simulation water sample is prepared, the hydrolysis rate of antibiotics in the prepared groundwater simulation water sample can be measured in the box body, wherein the groundwater dynamic simulation experiment system mainly comprises two measurement experiments, wherein one measurement experiment is as follows: under the conditions of different temperatures, determining the hydrolysis rate of antibiotics in the groundwater simulation water sample with the same volume; another assay experiment was: under the condition of different pH values, the hydrolysis rate of antibiotics in the groundwater simulation water sample with the same volume is measured, the application range of the groundwater dynamic simulation experiment system is widened, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
4. According to the groundwater dynamic simulation experiment method, the experiment device can perform three simulation experiments under the anoxic environment in the box body, wherein the three simulation experiments are a surface water seepage simulation experiment, an underground water rewet simulation experiment and a surface water and underground water interaction seepage simulation experiment, the experiment method is simple, and the problem that the dynamic process of pollutants entering underground water cannot be accurately researched in the prior art is solved.
In conclusion of dynamic transformation, the invention can simulate the actual underground water environment in the simulation experiment box, and can carry out surface water seepage simulation experiments, underground water rewet simulation experiments and surface water and underground water interaction seepage simulation experiments by utilizing the experiment device and the auxiliary appliance in the simulation experiment box, the experiment method is simple, and the problem that the dynamic process of pollutants entering underground water cannot be accurately researched in the prior art is solved.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation experiment box according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the first time oxygen is purged according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the second time oxygen scavenging according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the present invention in the preparation of oxygen-free water in a three-necked flask.
FIG. 7 is a block flow diagram of the experimental method of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1, a box body; 1-operation hole; 1-2-air inlet connecting pipe;
1-3-air outlet connecting pipe; 1-4-water inlet connecting pipe; 1-5-water outlet connecting pipe;
1-6-aeration hole; 1-7-pressure relief holes; 1-8-a detachable door with a sealing ring;
1-9-rectangular observation window; 2-1-left hand glove; 2-right hand operation glove;
3, a window shade; 4-air circulation pump; 4-1-air inlet pipe;
4-2-muffler; 5-Meng's wash bottle; 6-nitrogen reflux pipe;
7-a movable support; 8-first soil column sample; 8-1 — a first bottom sampling conduit;
8-2 — a first sidewall sampling conduit; 9-1-a first surface water simulation water sample bottle;
9-2-a second surface water simulation water sample bottle; 10-a peristaltic pump;
11-three-neck flask; 12-nitrogen inlet pipe; 13-constant temperature water bath;
14-a first nitrogen cylinder; 15-a second nitrogen cylinder; 16-three layers of test tube racks;
17-surface seepage water collecting test tube; 18-a hydrolysis tank;
19-heating rod; 20-complex gas detector; 21-a temperature transmitter;
22-an inlet valve; 23-an air outlet valve; 24-a water inlet valve;
25-second earth pillar sample; 25-1 — a second bottom sampling conduit;
25-2 — a second sidewall sampling conduit; 26-third column sample;
26-1 — a third bottom sampling conduit; 26-2-third sidewall sampling conduit;
27-underground return water collection test tube; 28-alternate seepage water collection test tube;
29-outlet valve; 30-a pressure relief valve; 31-water pipe.
Detailed Description
The underground water dynamic simulation experiment system shown in fig. 1 to 6 comprises a simulation experiment box for simulating underground water environment, a deaerating device arranged at the outer side of the simulation experiment box and communicated with the simulation experiment box, an experiment device and an auxiliary appliance arranged inside the simulation experiment box, wherein the simulation experiment box comprises a box body 1 made of an organic glass plate, the outer side of the box body 1 is covered with a heat insulation plate matched with the appearance structure of the box body 1, the side surface of the box body 1 is provided with rectangular observation windows 1-9 and two operation holes 1-1 which are positioned below the rectangular observation windows 1-9 and symmetrically distributed, the tops of the rectangular observation windows 1-9 are provided with light shading curtains 3, the orifice positions of the two operation holes 1-1 are respectively sleeved with a left hand operation glove 2-1 and a right hand operation glove 2-2, the box body 1 is provided with an air inlet connecting pipe 1-2 and an air outlet connecting pipe 1-3, the top surface of the box body 1 is provided with an air inlet connecting pipe 1-4, the box body 1 is provided with an air outlet connecting pipe 1-5, the box body 1 is provided with aeration holes 1-6, the box body 1 is provided with a detachable door with a sealing ring 1-8, the box body 1 is internally provided with a composite gas detector 20 for detecting the oxygen content in the box body 1 and a temperature transmitter 21 for detecting the temperature in the box body 1, the box body 1 is internally provided with a water pipe 31 for introducing cooling water, the oxygen removing device comprises a first nitrogen bottle 14 arranged at the outer side of the box body 1, an air circulating pump 4 and a Mengshe washing bottle 5 which is connected with an air return pipe 4-2 of the air circulating pump 4 and contains alkaline solution of pyrogallic acid, the air outlet pipe of the Meng's wash bottle 5 is connected with the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3 through a nitrogen return pipe 6, a first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 and a second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2 for containing a surface water simulation water sample are arranged outside the box body 1, the first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 and the second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2 are respectively connected with the two water inlet connecting pipes 1-4, the experimental device comprises a movable support 7 which is arranged inside the box body 1 and used for supporting a soil column sample, a three-neck flask 11 for containing a groundwater simulation water sample and a peristaltic pump 10 which is communicated with the three-neck flask 11, a nitrogen inlet pipe 12 is inserted in the three-neck flask 11, and the nitrogen inlet pipe 12 is communicated with a second nitrogen bottle 15 which is arranged outside the box body 1 through the aeration holes 1-6, a constant temperature water bath 13 is arranged below the three-mouth flask 11.
In this embodiment, through setting up the simulation experiment case that is used for simulating groundwater environment, set up the deaerating plant who communicates with the simulation experiment case in the simulation experiment case outside, the simulation experiment case includes the box 1 that is formed by the preparation of organic glass board, and the outside of box 1 covers has the heated board that matches with 1 appearance structure of box, and during the in-service use, utilizes the deaerating plant can detach the inside oxygen of box 1, forms a closed and dark oxygen deficiency environment in 1 inside of box, can simulate actual groundwater environment promptly.
In the embodiment, a rectangular observation window 1-9 and two symmetrically arranged operation holes 1-1 are arranged on the side surface of a box body 1, the two operation holes 1-1 are positioned below the rectangular observation window 1-9, a light shading curtain 3 is arranged at the top of the rectangular observation window 1-9, and a left hand operation glove 2-1 and a right hand operation glove 2-2 are respectively and fixedly arranged at the orifice positions of the two operation holes 1-1, and the purpose is that: when the box body 1 is in a closed state, and the interior of the box body 1 is in an anoxic environment, an experimenter can still perform experimental operation outside the box body 1, during actual use, the experimenter faces the two operation holes 1-1, extends two hands into the left hand operation glove 2-1 and the right hand operation glove 2-2 respectively, extends the two hands into the two operation holes 1-1, and performs simulation experiment operation inside the box body 1, in the operation process, the experimenter can observe the experiment process through the rectangular observation windows 1-9, the closed state of the box body 1 and the anoxic environment inside the box body 1 cannot be damaged, and the experiment requirement of simulating the seepage process of surface water and underground water under the anoxic condition is met.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in this embodiment, the deaerating device includes a first nitrogen gas bottle 14, an air circulation pump 4 and a meng wash bottle 5 which are arranged outside the box body 1, the meng wash bottle 5 is connected with an air return pipe 4-2 of the air circulation pump 4, an air outlet pipe of the meng wash bottle 5 is connected with an air outlet connecting pipe 1-3 through a nitrogen return pipe 6, when the deaerating device is used for removing oxygen inside the box body 1 in actual use, the deaerating device is mainly divided into a first oxygen removal process and a second oxygen removal process, and the specific process of the first oxygen removal process is as follows: communicating the first nitrogen bottle 14 with the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2, opening the first nitrogen bottle 14, and filling nitrogen into the box body 1 to ensure that oxygen in the box body 1 is continuously discharged from the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3; however, after the first oxygen removal, a small amount of oxygen still remains in the tank 1, so that a mixed gas containing nitrogen and oxygen is generated in the tank 1, and therefore the second oxygen removal is required, and the specific process of the first oxygen removal is as follows: after the first oxygen removal is completed, the first nitrogen bottle 14 and the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2 are disconnected, the air inlet pipe 4-1 of the air circulating pump 4 is communicated with the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2, the air return pipe 4-2 of the air circulating pump 4 is connected with the Meng wash bottle 5, the alkaline solution of the pyrogallic acid is contained in the Meng wash bottle 5, therefore, the air circulating pump 4 is opened, the mixed gas in the box body 1 can be pumped into the Meng wash bottle 5 by the air circulating pump 4, the alkaline solution of the pyrogallic acid in the Meng wash bottle 5 absorbs the oxygen in the mixed gas, and the air outlet pipe of the Meng wash bottle 5 is connected with the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3 through the nitrogen return pipe 6, so that the nitrogen flowing through the Meng wash bottle 5 can circularly enter the box body 1 through the nitrogen return pipe 6 and the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3, and the purpose of further removing the oxygen from the interior of the box body 1 is realized, make 1 inside oxygen deficiency environment that forms of box, the cyclic transmission that nitrogen gas can realize simultaneously, excellent in use effect.
In this embodiment, the number of the meng wash bottles 5 is two, the two meng wash bottles 5 are connected in series, the two meng wash bottles 5 are filled with alkaline solution of pyrogallic acid, and during actual use, the mixed gas in the box body 1 pumped by the air circulating pump 4 passes through the two meng wash bottles 5 in sequence, so that oxygen in the mixed gas is fully absorbed, and the purity of nitrogen circularly entering the box body 1 is improved.
In the embodiment, the box body 1 is provided with the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2 and the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3, so that the communication between the box body 1 and the oxygen removing device can be realized, when oxygen is removed for the first time, the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2 is required to be connected with the first nitrogen bottle 14, the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3 is used as an air outlet, and when the first nitrogen bottle 14 fills nitrogen into the box body 1 through the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2, the oxygen in the box body 1 is required to be discharged from the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3; when oxygen is removed for the second time, the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2 and the first nitrogen bottle 14 need to be disconnected, the air circulating pump 4 is reconnected to the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2, the air inlet pipe 4-1 of the air circulating pump 4 is communicated with the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2, the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3 is used as an air return port, nitrogen after the oxygen removal process for the second time enters the box body 1 through the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3, and the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2 and the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3 can play multiple functions according to the requirements of the experiment process, are convenient to disassemble and assemble, and are good in using effect.
In this embodiment, the first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 and the second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2 are arranged outside the box body 1, and the first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 and the second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2 are respectively connected with the two water inlet connecting pipes 1-4, so that in actual use, the surface water simulation water sample is contained in the first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 and the second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2, the soil column sample is arranged inside the box body 1, the surface water simulation water sample is circulated to the soil column sample through the water inlet connecting pipes 1-4, and seepage is performed on the soil column sample, thereby achieving the purpose of simulating surface water seepage.
As shown in FIG. 6, in the present embodiment, by installing an experimental device and an auxiliary device inside a box 1, the experimental device comprises a movable support 7 arranged inside the box 1, a three-neck flask 11 and a peristaltic pump 10 communicated with the three-neck flask 11, when in actual use, a soil column sample is placed on the movable support 7, the movable support 7 can play a role of supporting the soil column sample, by arranging the three-neck flask 11 inside the box 1, inserting a nitrogen gas inlet pipe 12 into the three-neck flask 11, arranging a constant temperature water bath 13 below the three-neck flask 11, and communicating the nitrogen gas inlet pipe 12 with a second nitrogen gas bottle 15 arranged outside the box 1 through aeration holes 1-6, when in actual use, when tap water is contained in the three-neck flask 11, under an oxygen-deficient environment inside the box 1, tap water in the three-neck flask 11 can be prepared into oxygen-free water, and a groundwater simulated water sample can be prepared by using the oxygen-free water, and pumping an underground water simulation water sample contained in the three-neck flask 11 by using the peristaltic pump 10, so that the underground water simulation water sample is upwards infiltrated from the bottom of the soil column sample, and the purpose of simulating the underground water infiltration process is realized.
In this example, the specific process of preparing the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask 11 is as follows: firstly, tap water in a three-neck flask 11 is heated to 100 ℃ by using a constant-temperature water bath 13, then a second nitrogen bottle 15 is opened, nitrogen is continuously filled into the three-neck flask 11, oxygen in the tap water in the three-neck flask 11 is eliminated, the tap water in the three-neck flask 11 is made into oxygen-free water, and the nitrogen inlet pipe 12 is communicated with the second nitrogen bottle 15 arranged outside the box body 1 by arranging aeration holes 1-6 on the box body 1.
In this embodiment, a composite gas detector 20 for detecting the oxygen content in the box 1 and a temperature transmitter 21 for controlling the temperature in the box 1 are disposed in the box 1.
In this embodiment, through set up in box 1 and be used for detecting compound gas detector 20 of oxygen content in box 1, during the actual use, when utilizing deaerating plant to clear away the inside oxygen of box 1, compound gas detector 20 can survey the oxygen content in box 1, when the oxygen content is too high in box 1, say that the box 1 is interior not to reach the anaerobic condition promptly, still need continue to clear away oxygen further, when compound gas detector 20 survey the oxygen content in box 1 and be less than 0.2mg/L, say that the oxygen in box 1 has mostly cleared away entirely, satisfy anaerobic environment in the box 1, then can stop to clear away oxygen.
In this embodiment, the composite gas detector 20 is a portable high-precision gas concentration detector, and the model is JY-MS 400.
In this embodiment, be used for detecting through setting up in box 1 the temperature transmitter 21 of box 1 internal temperature to set up the water pipe 31 that is used for letting in the cooling water in box 1, during the in-service use, temperature transmitter 21 can carry out real-time detection to the temperature in box 1, and when the temperature that detects as temperature transmitter 21 was higher than 22 ℃, let in the cooling water in the water pipe 31, can adjust the temperature in the box 1, simulation underground environment that can be better.
In this embodiment, the temperature transmitter 21 may refer to a model SBWZ-2480 temperature transmitter.
In this embodiment, three simulation experiments can be performed, which are a surface water seepage simulation experiment, a groundwater reverse osmosis simulation experiment, and a surface water and groundwater interaction seepage simulation experiment, and therefore three soil column samples are required to be prepared, the three soil column samples are a first soil column sample 8, a second soil column sample 25, and a third soil column sample 26, and a first bottom sampling conduit 8-1 is required to be vertically installed at the bottom of the first soil column sample 8, a plurality of first sidewall sampling conduits 8-2 are horizontally installed on the sidewall of the first soil column sample 8 at equal intervals along the height direction of the first soil column sample 8, a second bottom sampling conduit 25-1 is vertically installed at the bottom of the second soil column sample 25, a plurality of second sidewall sampling conduits 25-2 are horizontally installed on the sidewall of the second soil column sample 25 at equal intervals along the height direction of the second soil column sample 25, a third bottom sampling pipe 26-1 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the third column sample 26, and a plurality of third side wall sampling pipes 26-2 which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the third column sample 26 are horizontally arranged on the side wall of the third column sample 26.
When a surface water seepage simulation experiment is carried out, a surface water simulation water sample contained in a first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 is only required to circulate to the top end of a first soil column sample 8 through a water inlet connecting pipe 1-4, the surface water simulation water sample can seep downwards along the height direction of the first soil column sample 8, so that the process of surface water seepage is simulated, the surface water simulation water sample obtains surface seepage water along the process of seepage of the first soil column sample 8, the surface seepage water needs to be collected at the outlet of a first bottom sampling guide pipe 8-1 and the outlets of a plurality of first side wall sampling guide pipes 8-2, and the pH value, the content of dissolved oxygen and the concentration of antibiotics of the collected surface seepage water are measured.
When carrying out groundwater infiltration simulation experiment, firstly, pouring a prepared groundwater simulation water sample into a three-neck flask 11, connecting one end of a hose of a peristaltic pump 10 with any open end of the three-neck flask 11, connecting the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump 10 with a sampling conduit arranged at the bottom of a second soil column sample 25, then, opening the peristaltic pump 10, pumping the groundwater simulation water sample inside the three-neck flask 11 by the peristaltic pump 10, leading the groundwater simulation water sample to gradually infiltrate upwards along the height direction of the second soil column sample 25, thereby simulating the groundwater infiltration process, obtaining groundwater during the process that the groundwater simulation water sample infiltrates along the second soil column sample 25, and needing to collect groundwater infiltration water at an outlet of a second bottom sampling conduit 25-1 and outlets of a plurality of second side wall sampling conduits 25-2, and measuring the pH value, the dissolved oxygen content and the antibiotic concentration of the collected underground infiltration water.
When carrying out the surface water and underground water interaction seepage simulation experiment, not only the surface water simulation water sample contained in the second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2 needs to be circulated to the top end of the third column sample 26 through the water inlet connecting pipe 1-4, but also the surface water simulation water sample can seep downwards along the height direction of the third column sample 26, after the surface water simulation water sample gradually seeps downwards along the height direction of the third column sample 26 for 24 hours, the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump 10 is connected with the sampling conduit arranged at the bottom of the third column sample 26, then, the peristaltic pump 10 is opened, the underground water simulation water sample in the three-neck flask 11 is extracted by the peristaltic pump 10, so that the underground water simulation water sample gradually seeps upwards along the height direction of the third column sample 26, thereby realizing the process of simulating surface water and underground water interaction seepage, and obtaining the interactive seepage water in the process that the groundwater simulation water sample gradually seeps upwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample 26, collecting the interactive seepage water at the outlet of the third bottom sampling pipe 26-1 and the outlets of the plurality of third side wall sampling pipes 26-2, and determining the pH value, the dissolved oxygen content and the antibiotic concentration of the collected interactive seepage water.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, by providing the detachable doors with sealing rings 1 to 8 on the box body 1, the detachable doors with sealing rings 1 to 8 serve as the only passages for the box body 1 to the outside, when the box body 1 needs to be in a closed state, the detachable doors with sealing rings 1 to 8 must be in a closed state, and the sealing performance of the detachable doors with sealing rings 1 to 8 is ensured, and after the experiment preparation or the experiment is finished, the experimenter can manually open the detachable doors with sealing rings 1 to 8.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in this embodiment, the number of the water inlet connecting pipes 1 to 4 is at least two, the number of the water outlet connecting pipes 1 to 5 is at least three, the air inlet connecting pipe 1 to 2 is provided with an air inlet valve 22, the air outlet connecting pipe 1 to 3 is provided with an air outlet valve 23, the water inlet connecting pipe 1 to 4 is provided with an air inlet valve 24, the water outlet connecting pipe 1 to 5 is provided with an air outlet valve 29, the box body 1 is provided with a pressure relief hole 1 to 7, and the orifice position of the pressure relief hole 1 to 7 is provided with a pressure relief valve 30.
In this embodiment, the top surface of the box body 1 is provided with the water inlet connecting pipes 1 to 4, the number of the water inlet connecting pipes 1 to 4 is at least two, the two water inlet connecting pipes 1 to 4 can respectively realize the purpose that the first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 is communicated with the box body 1 and the purpose that the second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2 is communicated with the box body 1, and the water inlet valves 24 are installed on the water inlet connecting pipes 1 to 4, so that in actual use, the two water inlet connecting pipes 1 to 4 can respectively control the flow of the surface water simulation water sample conducted to the first soil column sample 8 and the flow of the surface water simulation water sample conducted to the second soil column sample 25.
In the embodiment, the box body 1 is provided with the water outlet connecting pipes 1-5, and the number of the water outlet connecting pipes 1-5 is at least three, so that when the water purifier is actually used, after surface seepage water, underground return seepage water and interactive seepage water are collected, the three water outlet connecting pipes 1-5 can be respectively connected with a first bottom sampling guide pipe 8-1, a second bottom sampling guide pipe 25-1 and a third bottom sampling guide pipe 26-1, so that residual surface seepage water in the first soil column sample 8, residual underground return seepage water in the second soil column sample 25 and residual interactive seepage water in the third soil column sample 26 are respectively discharged to the outside of the box body 1 through the water outlet connecting pipes 1-5, and an experimenter does not need to manually collect the residual surface seepage water in the first soil column sample 8, the residual underground return seepage water in the second soil column sample 25 and the residual interactive seepage water in the third soil column sample 26 in the box body 1; the water outlet valve 29 is arranged on the water outlet connecting pipe 1-5, and the water outlet valve 29 can be used for controlling the connection and the disconnection of the water outlet connecting pipe 1-5, so that the operation is simple and the cost is low.
In the embodiment, the air inlet valve 22 is arranged on the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2, when the box body 1 is filled with nitrogen through the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2, the flow of the nitrogen filled in the box body 1 can be controlled by the air inlet valve 22, and when the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2 is connected with the air circulating pump 4, the air inlet valve 22 can control the connection and disconnection between the air inlet pipe 4-1 of the air circulating pump 4 and the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2; the air outlet valve 23 is arranged on the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3, so that the air outlet valve 23 can control the connection and the disconnection of the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3 no matter the air outlet connecting pipe 1-3 is used as an air return port or used as an air outlet, the operation is simple, and the using effect is good.
In this embodiment, the pressure relief holes 1 to 7 are formed in the box body 1, and the pressure relief valve 30 is installed at the orifice positions of the pressure relief holes 1 to 7, so that when the inside of the box body 1 is deaerated by using the deaerator, the pressure relief valve 30 is opened, and the pressure balance inside the box body 1 can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the auxiliary device includes a three-layer test tube rack 16 disposed in the box 1, a beaker for preparing and containing a groundwater simulation water sample, and a plurality of erlenmeyer flasks for measuring the hydrolysis rate of antibiotics in the groundwater simulation water sample, wherein a plurality of surface seepage water collection test tubes 17, a plurality of underground back seepage water collection test tubes 27, and a plurality of interactive seepage water collection test tubes 28 are disposed on the three-layer test tube rack 16.
In this embodiment, by arranging the three-layer test tube rack 16 in the box body 1 and placing the plurality of surface seepage water collection test tubes 17, the plurality of underground reverse seepage water collection test tubes 27 and the plurality of interactive seepage water collection test tubes 28 on the three-layer test tube rack 16, in practical use, the plurality of surface seepage water collection test tubes 17, the plurality of underground reverse seepage water collection test tubes 27 or the plurality of interactive seepage water collection test tubes 28 are selected as required to be used as collection containers for surface seepage water, underground reverse seepage water or interactive seepage water, and because an oxygen-deficient environment must be maintained inside the box body 1 in the whole experiment process, before the interior of the box body 1 is deoxygenated, the three-layer test tube rack 16, the plurality of surface seepage water collection test tubes 17, the plurality of underground reverse seepage water collection test tubes 27 and the plurality of interactive seepage water collection test tubes 28 must be already placed in the box body 1, and at the same time, the number of surface seepage water collection test tubes 17, the underground reverse seepage water collection test tubes, The number of the underground rewet water collecting test tubes 27 and the number of the plurality of interactive seepage water collecting test tubes 28 all meet the experimental requirements, and the detachable doors with the sealing rings 1-8 are strictly forbidden to be opened in the experimental process, so that the anoxic environment inside the box body 1 is damaged.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in this embodiment, a hydrolysis tank 18 is provided in the case 1, and a heating rod 19 is provided in the hydrolysis tank 18.
In the embodiment, the hydrolysis tank 18 is arranged in the box body 1, the heating rod 19 is arranged in the hydrolysis tank 18, and in practical use, after the groundwater simulated water sample is prepared, three different antibiotics contained in the prepared groundwater simulated water sample are respectively oxytetracycline, norfloxacin and sulfamethoxazole, and the contents of the oxytetracycline, the norfloxacin and the sulfamethoxazole are all 10 mg/L; in box 1, can also survey the hydrolysis rate of antibiotic in the groundwater simulation water sample of preparing, mainly include two survey experiments, one of them survey experiment is: under the conditions of different temperatures, determining the hydrolysis rate of antibiotics in the groundwater simulation water sample with the same volume; another assay experiment was: and under the conditions of different pH values, determining the hydrolysis rate of the antibiotics in the groundwater simulation water sample with the same volume.
Under the condition of different temperatures, when the hydrolysis rates of three different antibiotics in the groundwater simulation water sample with the same volume are measured, the specific operation process is as follows: firstly, taking three conical flasks, and respectively marking the three conical flasks as a first conical flask, a second conical flask and a third conical flask; secondly, 50mL of underground water simulation water sample is poured into the first conical flask, the second conical flask and the third conical flask, then the first conical flask is placed in the hydrolysis tank 18, the heating rod 19 is utilized to heat the underground water simulation water sample in the first conical flask to 15 ℃, the mixture is kept stand for 24 hours, the content of antibiotics in the underground water simulation water sample in the first conical flask is measured, and through measurement, the half-life period of oxytetracycline in, the half-life period of norfloxacin and the half-life period of sulfamethoxazole are respectively 15.3 days, 27.8 days and 79.7 days; namely, the hydrolysis rate of the oxytetracycline in the groundwater simulation water sample in the first conical flask is 0.0452/day, the hydrolysis rate of the norfloxacin is 0.0249/day, and the hydrolysis rate of the sulfamethoxazole is 0.00870/day; then, placing the second conical bottle in the hydrolysis tank 18, heating the groundwater simulated water sample in the second conical bottle to 20 ℃ by using the heating rod 19, standing for 24 hours, and then determining the content of antibiotics in the groundwater simulated water sample in the second conical bottle, wherein the half-life period of oxytetracycline in the groundwater simulated water sample in the second conical bottle is 12.74 days, the half-life period of norfloxacin is 21.4 days, and the half-life period of sulfamethoxazole is 64.2 days; namely, the hydrolysis rate of the oxytetracycline in the groundwater simulation water sample in the second conical bottle is 0.0544/day, the hydrolysis rate of the norfloxacin is 0.0324/day, and the hydrolysis rate of the sulfamethoxazole is 0.0108/day; finally, the third conical bottle is placed in the hydrolysis tank 18, the heating rod 19 is utilized to heat the underground water simulation water sample in the third conical bottle to 25 ℃, the third conical bottle is stood for 24 hours, the content of antibiotics in the underground water simulation water sample in the third conical bottle is measured, through measurement, the half-life period of oxytetracycline in the underground water simulation water sample in the third conical bottle is 8.51 days, the half-life period of norfloxacin is 18.6 days, and the half-life period of sulfamethoxazole is 60.3 days; namely, the hydrolysis rate of the oxytetracycline in the groundwater simulation water sample in the third conical bottle is 0.0814/day, the hydrolysis rate of the norfloxacin is 0.0372/day, and the hydrolysis rate of the sulfamethoxazole is 0.0115/day; according to the determination result, when the temperature of the underground water simulation water sample is 25 ℃, the half-life periods of the three antibiotics in the underground water simulation water sample are the shortest, the hydrolysis rate is the largest, namely the hydrolysis effect of the antibiotics in the underground water simulation water sample is the best, and the popularization and the application are convenient.
Under the condition of different pH values, when the hydrolysis rates of three different antibiotics in the groundwater simulation water sample with the same volume are measured, the specific operation process is as follows: firstly, taking three erlenmeyer flasks, and marking the three erlenmeyer flasks as a fourth erlenmeyer flask, a fifth erlenmeyer flask and a sixth erlenmeyer flask respectively; secondly, 50mL of underground water simulation water samples are poured into the fourth conical flask, the fifth conical flask and the sixth conical flask; secondly, adding a citric acid solution into the groundwater simulation water sample in the fourth conical flask, adjusting the pH value of the groundwater simulation water sample in the fourth conical flask to enable the pH value of the groundwater simulation water sample in the fourth conical flask to be 5, standing for 24 hours, determining the content of antibiotics in the groundwater simulation water sample in the fourth conical flask, wherein through determination, the half-life period of oxytetracycline in the groundwater simulation water sample in the fourth conical flask is 13.49 days, the half-life period of norfloxacin is 18.66 days, and the half-life period of sulfamethoxazole is 44.43 days, namely the hydrolysis rate of oxytetracycline in the groundwater simulation water sample in the fourth conical flask is 0.0514/day, the hydrolysis rate of norfloxacin is 0.0331/day, and the hydrolysis rate of sulfamethoxazole is 0.0156/day; adding a phosphoric acid solution into the groundwater simulation water sample in the fifth conical flask, adjusting the pH value of the groundwater simulation water sample in the fifth conical flask to enable the pH value of the groundwater simulation water sample in the fifth conical flask to be 7, standing for 24 hours, and then measuring the content of antibiotics in the groundwater simulation water sample in the fifth conical flask, wherein through measurement, the half-life period of oxytetracycline in the groundwater simulation water sample in the fifth conical flask is 12.98 days, the half-life period of norfloxacin is 18.17 days, and the half-life period of sulfamethoxazole is 41.76 days, namely the hydrolysis rate of oxytetracycline in the groundwater simulation water sample in the fifth conical flask is 0.0534/day, the hydrolysis rate of norfloxacin is 0.0324/day, and the hydrolysis rate of sulfamethoxazole is 0.0166/day; finally, adding a tetraboric acid solution into the underground water simulation water sample in the sixth conical flask, adjusting the pH value of the underground water simulation water sample in the sixth conical flask to enable the pH value of the underground water simulation water sample in the sixth conical flask to be 9, standing for 24h, measuring the content of antibiotics in the underground water simulation water sample in the sixth conical flask, wherein the half-life period of oxytetracycline in the underground water simulation water sample in the sixth conical flask is 12.14 days, the half-life period of norfloxacin is 17.24 days, and the half-life period of sulfamethoxazole is 32.39 days, namely the hydrolysis rate of oxytetracycline in the underground water simulation water sample in the sixth conical flask is 0.0571/day, the hydrolysis rate of norfloxacin is 0.0353/day, and the hydrolysis rate of sulfamethoxazole is 0.0214/day; according to the determination result, the hydrolysis rate of the antibiotics in the underground water simulation water sample is higher when the underground water simulation water sample is under the alkaline condition, namely the hydrolysis effect of the antibiotics in the underground water simulation water sample is the best, the experimental method is simple, the determination of the hydrolysis rate of the antibiotics in the underground water simulation water sample can be realized by utilizing the anoxic environment in the box body 1, experimental data are provided for the research of the hydrolysis rate of the antibiotics in underground water resources, the application range of the experimental device is widened, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
The underground water dynamic simulation experiment method shown in fig. 7 comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a soil column sample:
three organic glass round tubes with the same volume are respectively filled with sediments which are collected in three different collection points in the same river course and are naturally air-dried, three soil column samples with the same volume are prepared, the three soil column samples are respectively marked as a first soil column sample 8, a second soil column sample 25 and a third soil column sample 26, a first bottom sampling guide pipe 8-1 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the first soil column sample 8, a plurality of first side wall sampling guide pipes 8-2 which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the first soil column sample 8 are horizontally arranged on the side wall of the first soil column sample 8, a second bottom sampling guide pipe 25-1 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the second soil column sample 25, a plurality of second side wall sampling guide pipes 25-2 which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the second soil column sample 25 are horizontally arranged on the side wall of the second soil column sample 25, a third bottom sampling pipe 26-1 is vertically installed at the bottom of the third column sample 26, and a plurality of third side wall sampling pipes 26-2 which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the third column sample 26 are horizontally installed on the side wall of the third column sample 26;
in this embodiment, the number of the first bottom sampling pipe 8-1, the second bottom sampling pipe 25-1 and the third bottom sampling pipe 26-1 is one, and the number of the first sidewall sampling pipe 8-2, the second sidewall sampling pipe 25-2 and the third sidewall sampling pipe 26-2 is seven.
In the embodiment, the first bottom sampling guide pipe 8-1 and the plurality of first side wall sampling guide pipes 8-2 are arranged on the first soil column sample 8, so that the surface seepage water can be conveniently sampled at different sampling point positions of the first soil column sample 8, and the biogeochemical action degree of the surface seepage water at different seepage heights can be researched by measuring the surface seepage water collected at different sampling point positions; by installing the second bottom sampling guide pipe 25-1 and the plurality of second side wall sampling guide pipes 25-2 on the second soil column sample 25, underground infiltration water can be conveniently sampled at different sampling points of the second soil column sample 25, and the biological geochemical action degree of the underground infiltration water at different seepage heights can be researched; by installing the third bottom sampling pipe 26-1 and the plurality of third side wall sampling pipes 26-2 on the third soil column sample 26, the interactive seepage water can be conveniently sampled at different sampling points of the first soil column sample 8, and the biogeochemical action degree of the interactive seepage water at different seepage heights can be researched.
Step two, preparing a surface water simulation water sample in an aerobic environment:
taking a volumetric flask with the capacity of 1.5L outside the box body 1, and preparing a 1-1.5L surface water simulation water sample in the volumetric flask;
step three, simulating an anoxic environment, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps:
step 301, mounting the first soil column sample 8, the second soil column sample 25 and the third soil column sample 26 prepared in the step one on the movable support 7, and enabling the first soil column sample 8 and the third soil column sample 26 to be respectively positioned under the two water inlet connecting pipes 1-4;
302, injecting an alkaline solution of pyrogallic acid into the Meng's wash bottle 5, wherein the liquid level height of the alkaline solution of the pyrogallic acid is not lower than two thirds of the height of the Meng's wash bottle 5; filling tap water into the three-neck flask 11; then, counting the number of the auxiliary appliances in the box body 1;
in this example, the volume of tap water to be poured into the three-necked flask 11 was 1L.
Step 303, closing the detachable doors 1-8 with the sealing rings, and removing oxygen in the box body 1 to enable the oxygen content in the box body 1 to be lower than 0.2 mg/L;
in this embodiment, after the preparation of the surface water simulation water sample is completed in an aerobic environment, an anaerobic environment needs to be simulated in step three, in the process of simulating the anaerobic environment, the detachable doors with the sealing rings 1 to 8 are closed in step 303, before oxygen in the box body 1 is removed, the installation of the first soil column sample 8, the second soil column sample 25 and the third soil column sample 26 in step 301 must be completed, and the processes of injecting the alkaline solution of the pyrogallic acid into the muntin wash bottle 5, injecting tap water into the three-neck flask 11 and counting the number of the auxiliary devices in the box body 1 must be completed, because, in the process of the groundwater dynamic simulation experiment, the box body 1 must be continuously in a closed state, that is, the inside of the box body 1 is in an anaerobic environment, and the phenomenon that the detachable doors with the sealing rings 1 to 8 need to be opened cannot occur.
Step four, preparing a groundwater simulation water sample in an anoxic environment, and the specific process comprises:
in the box body 1, firstly, tap water in a three-neck flask 11 is heated to 100 ℃ by using a constant-temperature water bath 13, a second nitrogen bottle 15 is opened, nitrogen is filled into the three-neck flask 11, oxygen in the tap water in the three-neck flask 11 is eliminated, and the tap water in the three-neck flask 11 forms oxygen-free water; then, closing the constant-temperature water bath 13, standing and cooling the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask 11 to the temperature in the box body 1, introducing cooling water into the water pipe 31, reading the temperature in the box body 1 detected by the temperature transmitter 21, stopping introducing the cooling water into the water pipe 31 when the temperature in the box body 1 and the temperature of the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask 11 are both in the range of 16-22 ℃, pouring all the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask 11 into a beaker, and preparing an underground water simulation water sample in the beaker;
during actual operation, an experimenter extends two hands into the left hand operating glove 2-1 and the right hand operating glove 2-2 respectively, extends the two hands into the two operating holes 1-1, and prepares an underground water simulation water sample in the box body 1;
in the fourth step of the present embodiment, after the constant temperature water bath 13 is closed, the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask 11 is allowed to stand and is cooled to the temperature in the box 1, then the cooling water is introduced into the water pipe 31, and when the temperature in the box 1 and the temperature of the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask 11 are both in the range of 16 ℃ to 22 ℃, the introduction of the cooling water into the water pipe 31 is stopped, because: when tap water in the three-neck flask 11 is heated to 100 ℃ in the box body 1 by the constant-temperature water bath 13, the temperature in the box body 1 is raised, and the actual temperature range of underground water is 16-22 ℃ according to actual measurement, so that the temperature in the box body 1 can be lowered by introducing cooling water into the water pipe 31, the temperature in the box body 1 and the temperature of the anoxic water in the three-neck flask 11 are both 16-22 ℃, and the underground water simulated water sample prepared in the beaker by the anoxic water can play a role of simulating the actual underground water.
Step five, a surface water seepage simulation experiment specifically comprises the following steps:
step 501, injecting the surface water simulation water sample prepared in the step two into a first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1, communicating the first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 with a water inlet connecting pipe 1-4, spreading a light-shielding curtain 3 to enable the interior of a box body 1 to be in a dark state, and at the moment, communicating the surface water simulation water sample in the first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 to the top end of a first soil column sample 8 to enable the surface water simulation water sample in the first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 to gradually seep downwards along the height direction of the first soil column sample 8;
502, obtaining surface seepage water in the process that a surface water simulation water sample in a first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 gradually seeps downwards along the height direction of a first soil column sample 8, rolling up a light-shielding curtain 3 for many times, collecting the surface seepage water at outlets of a plurality of first side wall sampling pipes 8-2 and outlets of a first bottom sampling pipe 8-1 in sequence from top to bottom along the seepage direction of the surface water simulation water sample in a box body 1, respectively placing the surface seepage water collected for many times in a plurality of surface seepage water collecting test tubes 17, and placing the surface seepage water collecting test tubes 17 in a first layer of a three-layer test tube rack 16 after marking the surface seepage water collecting test tubes 17 one by one;
in this embodiment, in step 501, after the first surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-1 is connected to one water inlet connection pipe 1-4, the light-shielding curtain 3 must be spread, and the rectangular observation window 1-9 is shielded by the light-shielding curtain 3, so that the interior of the box body 1 is in a dark state, and the purpose of simulating the real environment of the groundwater can be achieved.
In this embodiment, in step 502, the window shade 3 needs to be rolled up, the number of times of collecting the surface seepage water in the box 1 is at least eight times, and the time interval between two adjacent times of collecting the surface seepage water is not less than 1h, which is obtained through multiple experiments, when the time interval between two adjacent times of collecting the surface seepage water is less than 1h, the surface seepage water cannot realize the seepage at the height of the position between two adjacent first sidewall sampling conduits 8-2 from top to bottom, if the frequency of rolling up the window shade 3 is too frequent in the process of collecting the surface seepage water, the dark environment of the box 1 is damaged, and therefore, the phenomenon that the window shade 3 is rolled up under the condition that the surface seepage water cannot be collected should be avoided.
Sixthly, performing a groundwater recharge simulation experiment, specifically comprising the following steps:
601, pouring an underground water simulation water sample prepared in the fourth step into a three-neck flask 11 in a box body 1, connecting one end of a hose of a peristaltic pump 10 with any open end of the three-neck flask 11, connecting the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump 10 with a second bottom sampling pipe 25-1 arranged at the bottom of a second soil column sample 25, then opening the peristaltic pump 10, spreading a shading curtain 3, and extracting the underground water simulation water sample prepared in the fourth step in the three-neck flask 11 by the peristaltic pump 10 to enable the underground water simulation water sample to gradually permeate upwards along the height direction of the second soil column sample 25;
step 602, obtaining underground rewet water in the process that an underground water simulation sample in the three-neck flask 11 is rewetted upwards along the height direction of the second soil column sample 25, rolling up the shading curtain 3 for many times, collecting the underground rewet water at the outlet of the second bottom sampling pipe 25-1 and the outlets of the second side wall sampling pipes 25-2 in the box body 1 from bottom to top along the rewetting direction of the underground water simulation sample in sequence, placing the underground rewet water collected for many times in the plurality of underground rewet water collecting test tubes 27, and placing the plurality of underground rewet water collecting test tubes 27 in the second layer of the three-layer test tube rack 16 after marking the plurality of underground rewet water collecting test tubes 27 one by one;
in the embodiment, all the processes of the groundwater recharge simulation experiment in the sixth step should be performed inside the box body 1, and in the actual operation, in the step 601, after the peristaltic pump 10 is opened, the shading curtain 3 needs to be spread, and the shading curtain 3 is adopted to shield the rectangular observation windows 1-9, so that the inside of the box body 1 is in a dark state, and the purpose of simulating the real environment of the groundwater can be achieved;
in this embodiment, in step 602, the window shade 3 needs to be rolled up, the number of times of collecting the underground infiltration water in the box 1 is at least eight times, and the time interval between two adjacent times of collecting the underground infiltration water is not less than 1h, which is obtained according to multiple experiments, when the time interval between two adjacent times of collecting the underground infiltration water is less than 1h, the underground infiltration water cannot realize the infiltration between the height and the position between two adjacent second sidewall sampling conduits 25-2 from bottom to top, if the frequency of rolling up the window shade 3 is too frequent in the process of collecting the underground infiltration water, the dark environment of the box 1 is damaged, and therefore, the phenomenon that the window shade 3 is rolled up under the condition that the underground infiltration water cannot be collected should be avoided.
Seventhly, performing a surface water and underground water interaction seepage simulation experiment, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 701, injecting the surface water simulation water sample prepared in the step two into a second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2, communicating the second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2 with another water inlet connecting pipe 1-4, spreading out the light-shielding curtain 3 to enable the interior of the box body 1 to be in a dark state, and at the moment, conducting the surface water simulation water sample in the second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2 to the top end of a third soil column sample 26 to enable the surface water simulation water sample in the second surface water simulation water sample bottle 9-2 to gradually seep downwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample 26;
step 702, after the surface water simulation water sample in the step 701 gradually seeps downwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample 26 for 24 hours, rolling up the shading curtain 3, disconnecting the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump 10 from the second bottom sampling pipe 25-1 arranged at the bottom of the second soil column sample 25 in the box body 1, connecting the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump 10 with the third bottom sampling pipe 26-1 arranged at the bottom of the third soil column sample 26, then opening the peristaltic pump 10, spreading the shading curtain 3, and extracting an underground water simulation water sample in the three-neck flask 11 by the peristaltic pump 10 to enable the underground water simulation water sample to gradually seep back upwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample 26;
703, obtaining interactive seepage water in the process that a surface water simulation water sample in the three-neck flask 11 is upwards infiltrated along the height direction of a third soil column sample 26, rolling up the light-shielding curtain 3 for many times, collecting the interactive seepage water at an outlet of a third bottom sampling pipe 26-1 and outlets of a plurality of third side wall sampling pipes 26-2 in sequence from bottom to top along the infiltration direction of the underground water simulation water sample in the box body 1, respectively placing the interactive seepage water collected for many times in a plurality of interactive seepage water collecting test tubes 28, and placing the plurality of interactive seepage water collecting test tubes 28 in the third layer of the three-layer test tube rack 16 after marking the plurality of interactive seepage water collecting test tubes 28 one by one;
in this embodiment, in step 701, through the process of simulating surface water seepage on the third soil column sample 26, in step 702, after the surface water simulation water sample gradually seeps downwards for 24 hours along the height direction of the third soil column sample 26 in step 701, then the process of simulating groundwater infiltration on the third soil column sample 26, that is, the process of simulating surface water and groundwater interaction seepage inside the third soil column sample 26 can be realized, the dynamic of surface water and groundwater interaction seepage can be simulated, interactive seepage water is obtained in the process of gradually seeping upwards of the groundwater simulation water sample along the height direction of the third soil column sample 26, and the use effect is good.
In step 702, only after the surface water simulation water sample in step 701 gradually seeps downwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample 26 for 24 hours, the groundwater re-seepage process can be simulated on the third soil column sample 26, and the reason is that: according to multiple experiments, after the surface water simulation water sample gradually seeps downwards for 24 hours along the height direction of the third soil column sample 26, the surface water simulation water sample can be completely absorbed by the third soil column sample 26.
In step 703, the window shade 3 needs to be rolled up, the number of times of collecting the interactive seepage water in the box 1 is at least eight, and the time interval between two adjacent times of collecting the interactive seepage water is not less than 1h, it is found from multiple experiments that when the time interval between two adjacent times of collecting the interactive seepage water is less than 1h, the interactive seepage water cannot realize the seepage between the height of the positions between the two adjacent third sidewall sampling conduits 26-2 from bottom to top, if the window shade 3 is rolled up too frequently in the process of collecting the interactive seepage water, the dark environment of the box 1 is damaged, and therefore, the phenomenon that the window shade 3 is rolled up under the condition that the interactive seepage water cannot be collected should be avoided.
And step eight, measuring the pH value, the dissolved oxygen content and the antibiotic concentration of the collected surface seepage water, underground rewet water and interactive seepage water.
In this embodiment, the concrete preparation process of preparing the surface water simulation water sample in the second step is as follows: 6mg of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 21.25mg of sodium nitrate, 18.625mg of potassium chloride and 6mg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate are added into a volumetric flask in sequence; and then sequentially adding 10mg of oxytetracycline, 10mg of sulfamethoxazole and 10mg of norfloxacin into the volumetric flask, finally adding 1L of tap water into the volumetric flask, and stirring and dissolving to obtain a surface water simulated water sample.
In this embodiment, the concrete preparation process of preparing the groundwater simulation water sample in step four is as follows: measuring 1L of oxygen-free water in a beaker, sequentially adding 6mg of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 21.25mg of sodium nitrate, 18.625mg of potassium chloride and 6mg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate into the beaker, sequentially adding 10mg of oxytetracycline, 10mg of sulfamethoxazole and 10mg of norfloxacin into the beaker, and stirring and dissolving to obtain a groundwater simulated water sample.
In this embodiment, the specific process of removing oxygen in the box 1 in step 303 includes the following steps:
3031, closing the detachable door with the sealing ring 1-8 to enable the box body 1 to be in a closed state, then connecting a first nitrogen bottle 14 to the air inlet connecting pipe 1-2, filling nitrogen into the box body 1, stopping filling the nitrogen into the box body 1 when the time of filling the nitrogen lasts for 3 min-5 min, and detaching the first nitrogen bottle 14;
3032, connecting an air inlet pipe 4-1 of the air circulation pump 4 with an air inlet connecting pipe 1-2, opening the air circulation pump 4, sucking the mixed gas in the box body 1 into the Meng's washing bottle 5 by using the air circulation pump 4, absorbing oxygen in the mixed gas by using alkaline solution of pyrogallic acid in the Meng's washing bottle 5, allowing nitrogen in the mixed gas flowing through the Meng's washing bottle 5 to enter the box body 1 through a nitrogen return pipe 6 and an air outlet connecting pipe 1-3, detecting the oxygen content in the box body 1 by using the composite gas detector 20, and closing the air circulation pump 4 when the oxygen content in the box body 1 is lower than 0.2 mg/L.
In this embodiment, in the eighth step, when the ph values, the dissolved oxygen contents, and the antibiotic concentrations of the surface seepage water, the underground reverse seepage water, and the interactive seepage water are measured, the plurality of surface seepage water collection test tubes 17, the plurality of underground reverse seepage water collection test tubes 27, and the plurality of interactive seepage water collection test tubes 28 need to be taken out of the box 1 one by one for measurement, and in the measurement process, the time for exposing the surface seepage water, the underground reverse seepage water, and the interactive seepage water to the air does not exceed 10 min.
In this example, it was experimentally determined that when the surface seepage water, the underground reverse seepage water and the cross seepage water were exposed to the air for more than 10min, the phenomenon that oxygen in air is dissolved occurs in the surface seepage water, the underground reverse seepage water and the interaction seepage water, so that in the fifth step, the sixth step and the seventh step, the surface seepage water, the underground return seepage water and the interactive seepage water collected in the anoxic environment lose significance, when the pH value, the dissolved oxygen content and the antibiotic concentration of the surface seepage water, the underground rewet water and the alternate seepage water are measured, the test tubes 17, 27 and 28 need to be taken out one by one from the box 1 for measurement, avoiding the phenomenon that the time of the earth surface seepage water, the underground seepage water and the interaction seepage water exposed in the air exceeds 10 min.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an underground water dynamic simulation experiment system which characterized in that: the simulation experiment box comprises a simulation experiment box for simulating groundwater environment, a deaerator arranged outside the simulation experiment box and communicated with the simulation experiment box, an experiment device and an auxiliary appliance arranged inside the simulation experiment box, wherein the simulation experiment box comprises a box body (1) made of an organic glass plate, the outer side of the box body (1) is covered with a heat insulation plate matched with the appearance structure of the box body (1), the side surface of the box body (1) is provided with a rectangular observation window (1-9) and two operation holes (1-1) which are positioned below the rectangular observation window (1-9) and symmetrically arranged, the top of the rectangular observation window (1-9) is provided with a shading curtain (3), and the orifice positions of the two operation holes (1-1) are respectively sleeved with a left hand operation glove (2-1) and a right hand operation glove (2-2), be provided with intake take over (1-2) and give vent to anger takeover (1-3) on box (1), be provided with intake take over (1-4) on the top surface of box (1), be provided with out water take over (1-5) on box (1), aeration hole (1-6) have been seted up on box (1), be provided with on box (1) and dismantle and take sealing washer door (1-8), be provided with in box (1) and be used for detecting composite gas detector (20) of box (1) interior oxygen content and be used for detecting temperature transmitter (21) of box (1) internal temperature, be provided with in box (1) and be used for letting in the water pipe (31) of cooling water, deaerating plant is including setting up first nitrogen cylinder (14), air circulating pump (4) in the box (1) outside and with the flourishing of being connected of muffler (4-2) of air circulating pump (4) has burnt A Meng's wash bottle (5) for alkaline solution of gallic acid, an air outlet pipe of the Meng's wash bottle (5) is connected with the air outlet connecting pipe (1-3) through a nitrogen return pipe (6), a first surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-1) and a second surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-2) for containing a surface water simulation water sample are arranged outside the box body (1), the first surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-1) and the second surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-2) are respectively connected with the two water inlet connecting pipes (1-4), the experimental device comprises a movable support (7) which is arranged inside the box body (1) and used for supporting a soil column sample, a three-mouth flask (11) for containing a ground water simulation water sample and a peristaltic pump (10) communicated with the three-mouth flask (11), a nitrogen inlet pipe (12) is inserted in the three-neck flask (11), the nitrogen inlet pipe (12) penetrates through the aeration holes (1-6) and is communicated with a second nitrogen bottle (15) arranged on the outer side of the box body (1), and a constant-temperature water bath kettle (13) is arranged below the three-neck flask (11).
2. An underground water dynamic simulation experiment system according to claim 1, wherein: the quantity of intake takeover (1-4) is at least two, the quantity of play water takeover (1-5) is at least three, install admission valve (22) on intake takeover (1-2), install air outlet valve (23) on the takeover of giving vent to anger (1-3), install water intaking valve (24) on intake takeover (1-4), install outlet valve (29) on play water takeover (1-5), be provided with pressure release hole (1-7) on box (1), relief valve (30) are installed to the drill way position department of pressure release hole (1-7).
3. An underground water dynamic simulation experiment system according to claim 2, wherein: supplementary utensil is including setting up three-layer test-tube rack (16), beaker and a plurality of erlenmeyer flask that are used for preparing and hold groundwater simulation water sample that set up in box (1) are used for right the hydrolysis rate of antibiotic carries out the survey in the groundwater simulation water sample, placed a plurality of earth's surface seepage water on three-layer test-tube rack (16) and gathered test tube (17), a plurality of secret time seepage water collection test tube (27) and a plurality of mutual seepage water collection test tube (28).
4. An underground water dynamic simulation experiment system according to claim 2, wherein: a hydrolysis tank (18) is arranged in the box body (1), and a heating rod (19) is arranged in the hydrolysis tank (18).
5. A method for performing a dynamic simulation experiment on groundwater using the experiment system of claim 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a soil column sample:
the method comprises the steps of respectively filling sediments collected in three different collection points in the same river channel and naturally air-dried into three organic glass round tubes with the same volume, preparing three soil column samples with the same volume, respectively marking the three soil column samples as a first soil column sample (8), a second soil column sample (25) and a third soil column sample (26), vertically installing a first bottom sampling guide pipe (8-1) at the bottom of the first soil column sample (8), horizontally installing a plurality of first side wall sampling guide pipes (8-2) which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the first soil column sample (8) on the side wall of the first soil column sample (8), vertically installing a second bottom sampling guide pipe (25-1) at the bottom of the second soil column sample (25), and horizontally installing a plurality of second side wall sampling guide pipes (25) along the second soil column sample (25) on the side wall of the second soil column sample (25) ) The third column sample (26) is vertically provided with a third bottom sampling pipe (26-1) at the bottom, and the side wall of the third column sample (26) is horizontally provided with a plurality of third side wall sampling pipes (26-2) which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the third column sample (26);
step two, preparing a surface water simulation water sample in an aerobic environment:
preparing a surface water simulation water sample in a volumetric flask outside the box body (1);
step three, simulating an anoxic environment, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps:
step 301, mounting the first soil column sample (8), the second soil column sample (25) and the third soil column sample (26) prepared in the step one on a movable support (7), and enabling the first soil column sample (8) and the third soil column sample (26) to be located under the two water inlet connecting pipes (1-4) respectively;
302, injecting an alkaline solution of pyrogallic acid into the Meng wash bottle (5), wherein the liquid level height of the alkaline solution of the pyrogallic acid is not lower than two thirds of the height of the Meng wash bottle (5); filling tap water into the three-neck flask (11); then, counting the number of the auxiliary appliances in the box body (1);
step 303, closing the detachable door (1-8) with the sealing ring, and removing oxygen in the box body (1) to enable the oxygen content in the box body (1) to be lower than 0.2 mg/L;
step four, preparing a groundwater simulation water sample in an anoxic environment:
in the box body (1), firstly, heating tap water in the three-neck flask (11) to 100 ℃ by using a constant-temperature water bath (13), opening a second nitrogen bottle (15), filling nitrogen into the three-neck flask (11), eliminating oxygen in the tap water in the three-neck flask (11), and enabling the tap water in the three-neck flask (11) to form oxygen-free water; then, closing the constant-temperature water bath kettle (13), standing and cooling the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask (11) to the temperature in the box body (1), introducing cooling water into the water pipe (31), reading the temperature in the box body (1) detected by the temperature transmitter (21), stopping introducing the cooling water into the water pipe (31) when the temperature in the box body (1) and the temperature of the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask (11) are both in the range of 16-22 ℃, pouring all the oxygen-free water in the three-neck flask (11) into a beaker, and preparing a water sample in the beaker to obtain a groundwater simulation;
step five, a surface water seepage simulation experiment specifically comprises the following steps:
step 501, injecting the surface water simulation water sample prepared in the step two into the first surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-1), communicating the first surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-1) with one water inlet connecting pipe (1-4), spreading a light-shielding curtain (3) to enable the interior of the box body (1) to be in a dark state, and at the moment, communicating the surface water simulation water sample in the first surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-1) to the top end of the first soil pillar sample (8) to enable the surface water simulation water sample in the first surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-1) to gradually seep downwards along the height direction of the first soil pillar sample (8);
502, obtaining surface seepage water in the process that the surface water simulation water sample in the first surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-1) gradually seeps downwards along the height direction of the first soil column sample (8), and rolling up the light-shielding curtain (3) for multiple times, in the box body (1), the surface seepage water is collected at the outlets of a plurality of first side wall sampling pipes (8-2) and the outlet of a first bottom sampling pipe (8-1) from top to bottom in sequence along the seepage direction of the surface water simulation water sample, the surface seepage water collected for many times is respectively placed in a plurality of surface seepage water collecting test tubes (17), after the plurality of surface seepage water collecting test tubes (17) are marked one by one, placing the plurality of surface seepage water collecting test tubes (17) on the first layer of the three-layer test tube rack (16);
sixthly, performing a groundwater recharge simulation experiment, specifically comprising the following steps:
601, pouring an underground water simulation water sample prepared in the fourth step into the three-neck flask (11) in the box body (1), connecting one end of a hose of the peristaltic pump (10) with any open end of the three-neck flask (11), connecting the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump (10) with a second bottom sampling pipe (25-1) arranged at the bottom of a second soil column sample (25), then opening the peristaltic pump (10), spreading a shading curtain (3), and extracting the underground water simulation water sample prepared in the fourth step in the three-neck flask (11) by the peristaltic pump (10) to enable the underground water simulation water sample to gradually permeate upwards along the height direction of the second soil column sample (25);
step 602, obtaining underground rewet water in the process that the underground water simulation water sample in the three-neck flask (11) is rewetted upwards along the height direction of the second soil column sample (25), wherein the light-shielding curtain (3) needs to be rolled up for multiple times, the underground rewet water is collected in the box body (1) from bottom to top along the rewetting direction of the underground water simulation water sample at the outlet of the second bottom sampling conduit (25-1) and at the outlets of the second side wall sampling conduits (25-2), the underground rewet water collected for multiple times is respectively placed in a plurality of underground rewet water collecting test tubes (27), and after the plurality of underground rewet water collecting test tubes (27) are marked one by one, the plurality of underground rewet water collecting test tubes (27) are placed in the second layer of the three-layer test tube rack (16);
seventhly, performing a surface water and underground water interaction seepage simulation experiment, and specifically comprising the following steps:
701, injecting the surface water simulation water sample prepared in the second step into the second surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-2), communicating the second surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-2) with the other water inlet connecting pipe (1-4), spreading a light-shielding curtain (3) to enable the interior of the box body (1) to be in a dark state, and at the moment, conducting the surface water simulation water sample in the second surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-2) to the top end of the third soil column sample (26) to enable the surface water simulation water sample in the second surface water simulation water sample bottle (9-2) to gradually seep downwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample (26);
step 702, after the surface water simulation water sample in the step 701 gradually seeps downwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample (26) for 24 hours, rolling up the shading curtain (3), disconnecting the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump (10) from a second bottom sampling pipe (25-1) mounted at the bottom of a second column sample (25) inside the box (1), and the other end of the hose of the peristaltic pump (10) is connected with a third bottom sampling pipe (26-1) arranged at the bottom of a third soil column sample (26), opening the peristaltic pump (10), spreading a shading curtain (3), and pumping the underground water simulation water sample in the three-neck flask (11) by the peristaltic pump (10) to enable the underground water simulation water sample to gradually seep back upwards along the height direction of the third soil column sample (26);
703, obtaining interactive seepage water in the process that the surface water simulation water sample in the three-neck flask (11) is upwards infiltrated along the height direction of the third soil column sample (26), rolling up the light-shielding curtain (3) for multiple times, collecting the interactive seepage water at an outlet of a third bottom sampling conduit (26-1) and outlets of a plurality of third side wall sampling conduits (26-2) in sequence from bottom to top along the infiltration direction of the underground water simulation water sample in the box body (1), respectively placing the interactive seepage water collected for multiple times in a plurality of interactive seepage water collecting test tubes (28), and placing the plurality of interactive seepage water collecting test tubes (28) in the third layer of the three-layer test tube rack (16) after marking the plurality of interactive seepage water collecting test tubes (28) one by one;
and step eight, measuring the pH value, the dissolved oxygen content and the antibiotic concentration of the collected surface seepage water, underground rewet water and interactive seepage water.
6. A method of dynamically simulating experiments in groundwater according to claim 5, wherein: the specific process of removing oxygen in the box body 1 in the step 303 comprises the following steps:
3031, closing the detachable door (1-8) with the sealing ring to enable the box body (1) to be in a closed state, then connecting a first nitrogen bottle (14) to the air inlet connecting pipe (1-2), filling nitrogen into the box body (1), stopping filling the nitrogen into the box body (1) after the time of filling the nitrogen lasts for 3-5 min, and detaching the first nitrogen bottle (14);
3032, connecting an air inlet pipe (4-1) of an air circulating pump (4) with an air inlet connecting pipe (1-2), opening the air circulating pump (4), sucking the mixed gas in the box body (1) into a Menus washing bottle (5) by using the air circulating pump (4), allowing the alkaline solution of pyrogallic acid in the Menus washing bottle (5) to absorb oxygen in the mixed gas, allowing nitrogen in the mixed gas flowing through the Menus washing bottle (5) to enter the box body (1) through a nitrogen return pipe (6) and the air outlet connecting pipe (1-3), detecting the oxygen content in the box body (1) by using a composite gas detector (20), and closing the air circulating pump (4) when the oxygen content in the box body (1) is lower than 0.2 mg/L.
7. A method of dynamically simulating experiments in groundwater according to claim 5, wherein: in the eighth step, when the pH values, the dissolved oxygen contents and the antibiotic concentrations of the surface seepage water, the underground reverse seepage water and the interactive seepage water are measured, the plurality of surface seepage water collecting test tubes (17), the plurality of underground reverse seepage water collecting test tubes (27) and the plurality of interactive seepage water collecting test tubes (28) need to be taken out of the box body (1) one by one for measurement, and in the measurement process, the time for exposing the surface seepage water, the underground reverse seepage water and the interactive seepage water in the air is not more than 10 min.
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