CN113884654B - Simulation method for sandy soil spraying and desertification control slurry simulation device - Google Patents
Simulation method for sandy soil spraying and desertification control slurry simulation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation method for a sandy soil spraying and desertification control slurry simulation device, which realizes a simulation experiment integrating indoor slurry spraying and rainfall simulation, monitors and controls parameters such as slurry spraying, rainfall spraying, a soil sample, illumination intensity, temperature, humidity and the like through a soil sample box, a simulator and a control device, assists the simulation device to provide an environment required by plant growth, simulates vegetation restoration after slurry spraying, finally achieves the purpose of simulating an outdoor production environment, and provides powerful technical support for the research outside the sandy soil control chamber; the simulation method is used for researching the cementation condition of the sprayed desertification control slurry on the soil body, the erosion characteristic of rainfall on the cemented soil body after the sprayed desertification control slurry is sprayed, and the growth condition of plants in different environments, so as to further obtain the vegetation restoration and rainfall erosion resistance capability after the slurry is cemented on the soil body, and can select the performance parameters of the corresponding reinforced slurry according to the soil structure characteristics of different stratums and determine the quantitative relation between the soil layer and the slurry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of indoor environment simulation experiments, in particular to a simulation method of a sandy soil spraying and desertification control slurry simulation device.
Background
The land desertification situation in China is severe. According to the comparative analysis of the results of the national two-time water and soil loss remote sensing survey, the national wind erosion area is increased from 187.61 ten thousand square kilometers to 190.67 ten thousand square kilometers, and the net wind erosion area is increased by 3.06 ten thousand square kilometers; meanwhile, the erosion area above the medium level is increased from 94 ten thousand square kilometers to 112 ten thousand square kilometers, and the erosion area above the strength is increased from 66 ten thousand square kilometers to 87 ten thousand square kilometers, which indicates that desertification is expanding, the erosion degree is aggravated, and the trend of serious soil erosion and ecological deterioration in China is not effectively restrained.
The method for spraying the sand control slurry is one of modes for restraining land desertification, the land needs to be sprayed with the sand control slurry for testing before large-area spraying of the sand control slurry is carried out, so that the effect brought by the sand control slurry is estimated and judged, the cementation condition of the soil body by spraying the sand control slurry, the erosion condition of the cemented soil body after spraying the slurry by rainfall and the growth condition of plants under different environments are researched, at present, the modes of field investigation and field experiment are generally adopted, but the field experiment consumes time and labor, and uncertain factors are too many, so that the reference value of the experimental result is very low, therefore, at present, a simulation device and a simulation method for spraying the sand control slurry by indoor sand and soil, which can simulate rainfall environment, are urgently needed, and main experimental parameters such as slurry pump pressure, slurry spraying frequency, rainfall intensity parameter, sand content, occurrence of underground water and the like are detected or controlled, and qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the characteristics of the slurry and the sand fixing effect condition, thereby selecting a proper mode for treating the land desertification.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a simulation method of a sandy soil spraying and sand control slurry simulation device, which can simulate an external environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the simulator comprises a soil sample box, a simulator, an auxiliary simulation device and a control device, wherein the simulator, the auxiliary simulation device and the control device are fixedly arranged on a main body frame; the simulator comprises a water tank, a servo motor, a peristaltic pump and a spraying pipe, wherein the servo motor is in transmission connection with the peristaltic pump, a water outlet pipe is arranged on the water tank and is communicated with a water inlet of the peristaltic pump, one end of the spraying pipe is communicated with a water outlet of the peristaltic pump, the other end of the spraying pipe is provided with a spraying head, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the spraying pipe; the auxiliary simulation device comprises an exhaust ventilator, a full-spectrum plant growth lamp, a variable frequency air conditioner and an acrylic plate, wherein the exhaust ventilator and the variable frequency air conditioner are arranged at the upper end of the main body frame; controlling means includes temperature and humidity sensor, carbon dioxide concentration detector, illumination intensity sensor, electron turbine flowmeter, block terminal and touch screen, temperature and humidity sensor, carbon dioxide concentration detector, illumination intensity sensor all sets up the one side at full gloss register for plant growth lamp, electron turbine flowmeter sets up on the outlet pipe, be provided with the PLC controller in the block terminal, servo motor, the solenoid valve, the frequency conversion air conditioner, temperature and humidity sensor, carbon dioxide concentration detector, illumination intensity sensor, electron turbine flowmeter and touch screen all with PLC controller electric connection.
Further, the soil sample case includes the support body, is provided with the soil sample tray on the support body, and the soil sample tray sets up in the below of shower head, and one side of soil sample tray is passed through the electric jar and is connected with the support body, and the both ends of electric jar are articulated with soil sample tray and support body respectively, and the opposite side of soil sample tray is provided with the rain graduated flask, and the upper end of rain graduated flask is provided with the non-woven filter cloth, electric jar and PLC controller electric connection.
Further, the bottom of support body and rainfall case all is provided with a plurality of universal wheels of being convenient for to move.
Furthermore, a vertical linear guide rail is fixedly arranged on the main body frame, a sliding block is movably arranged on the linear guide rail, the spray head is fixedly arranged on the sliding block, a synchronous belt is connected to the sliding block in a transmission mode, an encoder is arranged on a transmission wheel of the synchronous belt, and the encoder is electrically connected with the PLC.
Furthermore, the water tank comprises two boxes respectively filled with clear water and slurry, water pipes in the two boxes are communicated with water outlet pipes in an intersecting manner, a reversing valve is arranged at the intersection, drainage pipes are arranged at the bottoms of the two boxes, and a drainage valve is arranged on the drainage pipes.
Furthermore, a slurry spraying module and a rainfall simulation module are displayed on the touch screen, the slurry spraying module comprises a slurry spraying parameter setting module, a soil sample parameter setting module and a soil body cementation thickness parameter module, and the rainfall simulation module comprises a rainfall parameter setting module, a soil sample parameter setting module and an auxiliary parameter module.
The simulation method for the sandy soil spraying and desertification control slurry simulation device comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a touch screen into a slurry spraying mode, and communicating a box body filled with slurry with a water outlet pipe through a reversing valve;
s2, preparing a soil sample in a soil sample box, and arranging two groups of soil sample boxes with the same soil body height;
s3, inputting the type of the soil sample through the touch screen, setting the slurry spraying height H, wherein the type of the soil sample comprises silt, fine sand, medium sand or coarse sand1In the range of 1.5 to 2.0m, the slurry pump amount Q1In the range of 0-13L/min, slurry pump pressure P1In the range of 0-0.2MPa, the slurry spraying frequency K1The range of the angle is 0-1600 times/min and the inclination angle of the soil sample in the soil sample box is 0-45 degrees;
s4, simultaneously starting slurry spraying experiments by two groups of soil sample boxes, spraying slurry on one group, and not spraying slurry on the other group;
s5, controlling slurry pump amount Q of spray header1At 1L/min for a certain time T1And then analyzing the soil body cementation thickness h in the soil sample box sprayed with the slurry, wherein the soil body cementation thickness h meets the relation formula: h is AxK1×H1×P1(ii) a Wherein A is a constant related to the type of the cemented soil mass, the viscosity of the slurry funnel and the rheological index of the slurry;
s6, at a certain time T2Then, after the slurry is cemented with the soil sample in the soil sample box, a rainfall simulation mode is set by using a touch screen, and the box body filled with clear water is communicated with a water outlet pipe by switching a reversing valve;
s7, setting rainfall g and rain pressure P on the touch screen2In the range of 0-0.2MPa and the rainfall frequency K2In the range of 0 to 1600 times/min, a rainfall height H2In the range of 1.5 to 2.0m, the dried nonwoven filter cloth is weighed in g1；
S8, simultaneously starting rainfall simulation experiments for the two groups of soil sample boxes, observing water levels in the rainfall boxes of the two groups of soil sample boxes after the set rainfall g is finished, and obtaining the weight g of rainfall after respective filtering4；
S9, weighing the non-woven filter cloth in the two groups of soil sample boxes respectively2G is weighed after drying in the sun3Subtracting the weight g of the dried nonwoven filter cloth1Respectively obtaining the weight g of the washing carried silt3-g1Weight g of liquid on non-woven Filter cloth2-g3Thereby obtaining the weight g- (g) of the occurrence of rain water in the soil body2-g3)-g4；
S10, planting the same herbaceous plant seeds on the soil samples in the two groups of soil sample boxes eroded by the rainfall simulation experiment;
s11, controlling test parameters of temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and illumination intensity in the two groups of soil sample boxes;
s12, observing the recovery condition of the vegetation in the two groups of soil sample boxes;
and S13, after the test is finished, discharging the slurry and the clean water through a drainage pipeline at the bottom of the water tank, and flushing the tank body, so that the tank body is convenient to use next time.
The preparation method of the desertification control slurry is provided, wherein the viscosity of the desertification control slurry is set to be between 15 and 30P, the desertification control slurry is 0.45 to 1.25 percent of organic high molecular polymer solution which is prepared by mixing hydroxyethyl cellulose sodium carboxymethyl cellulose composite aqueous solution, polyacrylamide sodium polyacrylate composite aqueous solution and potassium chloride solution in proportion at room temperature, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing 1-2.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose sodium carboxymethyl cellulose composite aqueous solution in advance;
s2, pre-dissolving 0.2-0.5% polyacrylamide sodium polyacrylate composite aqueous solution;
s3, adding 0.3-0.5% potassium chloride aqueous solution to obtain the spraying desertification control slurry.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention realizes an integrated simulation experiment device for indoor slurry spraying and rainfall simulation, monitors and controls a series of parameters such as slurry spraying, rainfall spraying, a soil sample, illumination intensity, temperature, humidity and the like through the soil sample box, the simulator and the control device, assists the simulation device to provide an environment required by plant growth, simulates vegetation restoration after slurry spraying, finally achieves the purpose of simulating an outdoor production environment, and provides powerful technical support for outdoor research of slurry desertification control.
2. The soil sample box can realize the simulation of outdoor different soil body slopes, and soil body slope accessible electric cylinder regulation control.
3. The arrangement of a plurality of universal wheels makes soil sample case rack body and rain case move convenient.
4. The arrangement of the sliding block and the linear guide rail enables the height of the spray head fixed on the sliding block to be adjustable up and down, and meanwhile, an encoder arranged on the synchronous belt can acquire data of the height of the spray head.
5. The two box bodies respectively filled with clean water and slurry can realize the conversion supply of the clean water and the slurry through the control of a reversing valve.
6. The touch screen is provided with an operation panel with two modules, the operation panel comprises a slurry spraying module and a rainfall simulation module, indoor research on soil body repairing conditions after slurry spraying is simulated by one device is achieved, and parameters such as slurry spraying parameters and rainfall intensity are intelligently regulated and controlled.
7. The simulation method of the scheme is used for researching the soil body cementation condition of the sprayed desertification control slurry, the erosion characteristic of the cemented soil body after the sprayed desertification control slurry is sprayed by rainfall, and the growth condition of plants in different environments; by detecting or controlling main parameters such as slurry pump pressure, penetration depth, slurry spraying height, slurry spraying frequency, rainfall intensity, silt quantity and the like, the purpose of simulating an outdoor environment is achieved, vegetation recovery and rainfall erosion resistance after slurry is cemented into a soil body are obtained, the performance of the slurry is further evaluated, and the method can also be used for judging the soil quality of different strata; meanwhile, a contrast test of simulating an outdoor growth environment is carried out on plants in an indoor device under the conditions of spraying the slurry and not spraying the slurry, so that rainfall erosion of the slurry sprayed and cemented soil sample caused by rainfall can be evaluated, and rainfall environments in different areas can be evaluated; rainfall erosion and rainfall runoff of the soil can be used for researching rainfall characteristics; the indoor experimental study of the outdoor plant growth environment is simulated, and the soil desertification repair condition can be evaluated.
8. The hydroxyethyl cellulose sodium carboxymethyl cellulose has the functions of adhesion, thickening, enhancement, emulsification, water retention and the like; the polyacrylamide sodium polyacrylate can effectively improve the soil structure, increase the number of large aggregates, reduce the volume weight of soil, improve the permeability, increase the water content of the soil, improve the corrosion resistance of the soil and further improve the crop yield; the potassium chloride can adjust the rheological property of the desertification control serosity, increase the infiltration depth in soil and increase the cementation range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a simulation device for spraying sandy soil with a desertification control slurry.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a soil sample box.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a water tank.
Fig. 4 is a schematic interface diagram of a slurry spraying module on a touch screen.
Fig. 5 is a schematic interface diagram of a rainfall simulation module on a touch screen.
The system comprises a main body frame 1, an exhaust ventilator 2, a full-spectrum plant growth lamp 3, a full-spectrum plant growth lamp 4, a temperature and humidity sensor 5, a carbon dioxide concentration detector 6, an illumination intensity sensor 7, a water pipe 8, an electromagnetic valve 9, an acrylic plate 10, a spray head 11, a distribution box 12, a soil sample box 13, a variable frequency air conditioner 14, a synchronous belt 15, a sliding block 16, a linear guide rail 17, a peristaltic pump 18, a touch screen 19, an encoder 20, a servo motor 21, an electronic turbine flowmeter 22, a water tank 24, a soil sample tray 25, non-woven filter cloth 26, a rainfall box 27, a universal wheel 28, a soil sample 29, an electric cylinder 30, a frame body 31, a water outlet pipe 32, a reversing valve 33 and a box body; 34. and (4) a water drainage pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the simulator for spraying sand slurry for sand control according to the present invention comprises a soil sample box 12, and a simulator, an auxiliary simulator and a control device which are fixedly arranged on a main body frame 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the simulator comprises a water tank 22, a servo motor 20, a peristaltic pump 17 and a spraying pipe 7, wherein the servo motor 20 is in transmission connection with the peristaltic pump 17, a water outlet pipe 31 is arranged on the water tank 22, the water outlet pipe 31 is communicated with a water inlet of the peristaltic pump 17, one end of the spraying pipe 7 is communicated with a water outlet of the peristaltic pump 17, a spraying head 10 is arranged at the other end of the spraying pipe 7, and an electromagnetic valve 8 is arranged on the spraying pipe 7 to realize the control of the on-off and the frequency of the spraying pipe.
The auxiliary simulation device comprises an exhaust ventilator 2, a full-spectrum plant growth lamp 3, a variable frequency air conditioner 13 and an acrylic plate 9, the acrylic plate 9 is fixedly connected to the main body frame 1, the exhaust ventilator 2 and the variable frequency air conditioner 13 are both arranged on the acrylic plate 9 at the upper end of the main body frame 1, and the full-spectrum plant growth lamp 3 is arranged above the spray header 10 to realize control over the illumination intensity.
Controlling means includes temperature and humidity sensor 4, carbon dioxide concentration detector 5, illumination intensity sensor 6, electronic turbine flowmeter 21, block terminal 11 and touch screen 18, temperature and humidity sensor 4, carbon dioxide concentration detector 5, illumination intensity sensor 6 all sets up on the acrylic plate 9 of one side of full spectrum vegetation lamp 3, realize the humiture respectively, carbon dioxide concentration and illumination intensity's detection, electronic turbine flowmeter 21 sets up on outlet pipe 31, realize the detection of thick liquid or rainfall pump volume, be provided with the PLC controller in the block terminal 11, servo motor 20, solenoid valve 8, variable frequency air conditioner 13, temperature and humidity sensor 4, carbon dioxide concentration detector 5, illumination intensity sensor 6, electronic turbine flowmeter 21 and touch screen 18 all with PLC controller electric connection, thereby realize corresponding parameter monitoring or control.
The fixed vertical linear guide 16 that is provided with on main body frame 1, the activity is provided with slider 15 on the linear guide 16, shower head 10 is fixed to be set up on slider 15, slider 15 transmission is connected with hold-in range 14, be provided with encoder 19 on the drive wheel of hold-in range 14, encoder 19 is connected with the PLC controller electricity, wherein slider 15 and linear guide 16's setting, the high realization of shower head 10 that makes to fix on slider 15 is adjustable from top to bottom, the encoder 19 that sets up on hold-in range 14 simultaneously can carry out data acquisition to shower head 10's height.
As shown in fig. 2, the soil sample box 12 includes a frame body 30, a soil sample tray 24 is arranged on the frame body 30, the soil sample tray 24 is arranged below the spray header 10, one side of the soil sample tray 24 is connected with the frame body 30 through an electric cylinder 29, two ends of the electric cylinder 29 are respectively hinged to the soil sample tray 24 and the frame body 30, a rain measuring box 26 is arranged on the other side of the soil sample tray 24, a non-woven filter cloth 25 is arranged at the upper end of the rain measuring box 26, the electric cylinder 29 is electrically connected with a PLC controller, a plurality of universal wheels 27 convenient to move are arranged at the bottoms of the frame body 30 and the rain measuring box 26, wherein the soil sample box 12 can realize simulation of different outdoor soil slopes, and the soil slopes can be adjusted through the electric cylinder 29.
As shown in fig. 3, the water tank 22 includes two tank bodies 33 respectively filled with clean water and slurry, the water pipes in the two tank bodies 33 are communicated with the water outlet pipe 31 in an intersecting manner, and a reversing valve 32 is disposed at the intersection, the two tank bodies 33 respectively filled with clean water and slurry can be controlled by the reversing valve 32 to realize the switching supply of clean water and slurry, the bottom of each of the two tank bodies 33 is provided with a drainage pipe 34, a drainage valve is disposed on the drainage pipe 34, after the test is finished, the slurry and clean water are discharged through the drainage pipe 34 at the bottom of the water tank 22, and the tank bodies 33 are flushed, so that the next use is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a slurry spraying module and a rainfall simulation module are displayed on the touch screen 18, the slurry spraying module includes a slurry spraying parameter setting module, a soil sample parameter setting module and a soil body cementation thickness parameter module, and the rainfall simulation module includes a rainfall parameter setting module, a soil sample parameter setting module and an auxiliary parameter module. An operation panel with two modules is designed on the touch screen 18, and comprises a slurry spraying mode and a rainfall simulation mode, so that indoor research on soil body repairing conditions after slurry spraying is simulated by one device, and parameters such as slurry spraying parameters and rainfall intensity are intelligently regulated and controlled.
In order to truly simulate the outdoor environment, a slope model is arranged in a soil sample box before the experiment, 0.2cm thin layer of white silt, 10cm thick fine sand and 10cm thick medium sand are paved from top to bottom, coarse sand is paved at the bottom layer, no obvious boundary line exists at the joint of interfaces of all layers, if 2cm thick fine sand is mixed at the upper part of the medium sand layer, the upper layer is uneven, a layer of coarse concrete is paved at the bottom of a tray of the soil sample box, and the friction force between the bottom and the soil sample box is increased.
The simulation method for the sandy soil spraying and desertification control slurry simulation device comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the touch screen 18 into a slurry spraying mode, and communicating a box body 33 filled with slurry with a water outlet pipe 31 through a reversing valve 32;
s2, preparing a soil sample 28 in the soil sample box 12, and arranging two groups of soil sample boxes 12 with the same soil body height;
s3, inputting the type of the soil sample 28 through the touch screen 18, wherein the type of the soil sample 28 comprises silt, fine sand, medium sand or coarse sand, and setting the slurry spraying height H1In the range of 1.5 to 2.0m, the slurry pump amount Q1In the range of 0-13L/min, slurry pump pressure P1In the range of 0-0.2MPa, the slurry spraying frequency K1The range of the angle is 0 to 1600 times/min and the inclination angle of the soil sample 28 in the soil sample box 12 is 0 to 45 degrees;
s4, starting a slurry spraying experiment at the same time by two groups of soil sample boxes 12, spraying slurry on one group, and not spraying slurry on the other group;
s5, controlling the slurry pump amount Q of the spray header 101At 1L/min for a certain time T1Thereafter, the soil body cementation thickness h in the slurry-sprayed soil sample box 12 is analyzed, which satisfies the relationship: h is AxK1×H1×P1(ii) a Wherein A is a constant related to the type of the cemented soil body, the viscosity of the slurry and the rheological index of the slurry;
s6, at a certain time T2Then, after the slurry is cemented with the soil sample 28 in the soil sample box 12, a rainfall simulation mode is set by using the touch screen 18, and the box body 33 filled with clear water is communicated with the water outlet pipe 31 by switching the reversing valve 32;
s7, setting rainfall g and rain pressure P on the touch screen 182In the range of 0-0.2MPa and the rainfall frequency K2In the range of 0 to 1600 times/min, a rainfall height H2In the range of 1.5 to 2.0m, the dried nonwoven filter cloth 25 is weighed in g1；
S8, simultaneously starting rainfall simulation experiments on the two groups of soil sample boxes 12, observing the water levels in the rainfall boxes 26 of the two groups of soil sample boxes 12 after the set rainfall g is finished, and obtaining the weight of rainfall after respective filtrationg4；
S9, weighing g of the non-woven filter cloth 25 in the two groups of soil sample boxes 12 respectively2G is weighed after drying in the sun3Minus the weight g of the dried nonwoven filter cloth 251Respectively obtaining the weight g of the washing carried silt3-g1Weight g of liquid on the nonwoven Filter cloth 252-g3Thereby obtaining the weight g- (g) of the occurrence of rain water in the soil body2-g3)-g4；
S10, planting the same herbaceous plant seeds on the soil samples 28 in the two groups of soil sample boxes 12 eroded by the rainfall simulation experiment;
s11, controlling test parameters of temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and illumination intensity in the two groups of soil sample boxes 12;
s12, observing the vegetation recovery conditions in the two groups of soil sample boxes 12;
s13, after the test is finished, discharging the slurry and the clean water through a drainage pipeline 34 at the bottom of the water tank 22, and flushing the tank body 33 to facilitate the next use.
Specifically, in the simulation method for spraying the sand control slurry on the sandy soil, the touch screen 18 inputs soil types including silt, fine sand, medium sand and coarse sand, and the soil types include types of desertified soil in the soil and can be used for sampling from the field; height H of slurry spray1Considering indoor use, the height range of the experimental device is 1.5-2.0m under the condition of meeting rainfall and slurry spraying conditions; pump capacity Q of slurry1The range of the slurry pump is required to meet the requirement of slurry spraying, two or more groups of experiment groups can be ensured to carry out experiments simultaneously, and the slurry pump amount range is set to be 0-13L/min according to the maximum pump amount of the spray header 10; slurry pump pressure P1The range is mainly provided according to the viscosity and rheological property of the slurry, the viscosity requirement of the general sand control slurry is less than 30P, the clear water is 15P, and the slurry funnel has higher viscosity, so that the pumping pressure of the slurry needs to be increased and the slurry needs to be pumped, and the pumping pressure range of the slurry is set to be 0-0.2 MPa; frequency K of spraying slurry1The range of (1) is selected mainly in consideration of the requirements of spraying field slurry and running speed of equipment at 20km/h, the higher the running speed is, the higher the pumping frequency is, and therefore, the larger range value is selectedSetting 0-1600 times/min; setting a soil body inclination angle of the soil sample box 12 to be 0-45 degrees, wherein the soil body inclination angle range of the soil sample box 12 can meet the simulation of the angle of a natural sand slope of the soil, and the desertification slope of the soil is generally smaller than 30 degrees; rain pressure P2The rainfall simulation intensity is mainly considered to meet the actual condition, wherein the main rainfall intensity in the centralized rainfall period of the land desertification area is small rain, namely the average rainfall in 1 hour, the rainfall intensity is divided into small rain, medium rain, heavy rain and the like, the rainfall in the simulated land desertification area is small rain generally, and the rainfall intensity is less than 10mm/h so that the rain pressure P is increased2The setting range of (A) is 0-0.2MPa, which is enough to meet the experimental requirements; frequency of rainfall K2The value range meets the requirement under the condition of light rain and can reach the level of a rainstorm experiment, namely the rainfall intensity is 50mm/h, and the rainfall of unit time can be increased by high-frequency rainfall, so K2The value range of (A) is 0-1600 times/min; height of rainfall H2Under the condition of meeting the rain pressure, a certain height is set, and the selection range is limited to be 1.5-2.0m mainly in consideration of the indoor height; wherein the test parameters of humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in the two groups of soil sample boxes 12 can be controlled by externally connecting the existing equipment, such as a humidifier and a carbon dioxide bottle.
The simulation method is used for researching the soil body bonding condition of the sprayed desertification control slurry, the erosion characteristic of the bonded soil body sprayed with the desertification control slurry by rainfall and the growth condition of plants in different environments; by detecting or controlling main parameters such as slurry pump pressure, penetration depth, slurry spraying height, slurry spraying frequency, rainfall intensity, silt quantity and the like, the purpose of simulating an outdoor environment is achieved, vegetation recovery and rainfall erosion resistance after slurry is cemented on a soil body are obtained, the performance of the slurry is further evaluated, and the method can also be used for judging the soil quality of different strata; meanwhile, a contrast test of simulating an outdoor growth environment is carried out on plants in an indoor device under the conditions of spraying the slurry and not spraying the slurry, so that rainfall erosion of the slurry sprayed and cemented soil sample caused by rainfall can be evaluated, and rainfall environments in different areas can be evaluated; rainfall erosion and rainfall runoff of the soil can be used for researching rainfall characteristics; indoor experimental study of the outdoor plant growth environment is simulated, and soil desertification repair conditions can be evaluated.
The preparation method of the desertification control slurry is provided, wherein the viscosity of the desertification control slurry is set to be between 15 and 30P, the desertification control slurry is 0.45 to 1.25 percent of organic high molecular polymer solution which is prepared by mixing hydroxyethyl cellulose sodium carboxymethyl cellulose composite aqueous solution, polyacrylamide sodium polyacrylate composite aqueous solution and potassium chloride solution in proportion at room temperature, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing 1-2.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose sodium carboxymethyl cellulose composite aqueous solution in advance;
s2, pre-dissolving 0.2-0.5% polyacrylamide sodium polyacrylate composite aqueous solution;
s3, adding 0.3-0.5% potassium chloride aqueous solution to obtain the spraying desertification control slurry.
Wherein, the hydroxyethyl cellulose sodium carboxymethyl cellulose has the functions of adhesion, thickening, enhancement, emulsification, water retention and the like; the polyacrylamide sodium polyacrylate can effectively improve the soil structure, increase the number of large aggregates, reduce the volume weight of soil, improve the permeability, increase the water content of the soil, improve the corrosion resistance of the soil and further improve the crop yield; the potassium chloride can adjust the rheological property of the desertification control serous fluid, increase the infiltration depth in the soil and increase the cementation range.
Preferably, the full spectrum plant growth lamp 3 adopts a Guixiang WEGA type full spectrum plant growth LED lamp, the temperature and humidity sensor 4 adopts a Ruizi Cheng JRTH424D2 type temperature and humidity sensor, the carbon dioxide concentration detector 5 adopts a high-grade NGP5-NOX type carbon dioxide concentration detector, the illumination intensity sensor 6 adopts a smart smooth JXCT-3001-GZD type illumination sensor, the electromagnetic valve 8 adopts a Kewani two-way one-way electromagnetic valve, the encoder 19 adopts a photoelectric rotary encoder, the electronic turbine flowmeter 21 adopts an LWGY type liquid turbine flowmeter, the electric cylinder 29 adopts a DYTZ type straight electric hydraulic push rod, and the reversing valve 32 adopts a Bai Ji Q614/5F-16P type three-way reversing ball valve.
In conclusion, the device volume occupation space of this scheme is little, can realize the thick liquid and spray and the simulation of rainfall in the laboratory scope, through the regulation to spraying height control, pump pressure, pump sending frequency isoparametric, can simulate outdoor thick liquid spraying after the soil the cemented condition, the rainfall to the erosion condition of cemented soil body and the growth condition of plant under different environment.
Claims (2)
1. A simulation method for a sandy soil spraying and desertification control slurry simulation device is characterized by comprising a simulation device and a simulation method, wherein the simulation device comprises a soil sample box (12), a simulator fixedly arranged on a main body frame (1), an auxiliary simulation device and a control device;
the simulator comprises a water tank (22), a servo motor (20), a peristaltic pump (17) and a spray pipe (7), wherein the servo motor (20) is in transmission connection with the peristaltic pump (17), a water outlet pipe (31) is arranged on the water tank (22), the water outlet pipe (31) is communicated with a water inlet of the peristaltic pump (17), one end of the spray pipe (7) is communicated with a water outlet of the peristaltic pump (17), the other end of the spray pipe is provided with a spray head (10), and an electromagnetic valve (8) is arranged on the spray pipe (7);
the auxiliary simulation device comprises an exhaust ventilator (2), a full-spectrum plant growth lamp (3), a variable frequency air conditioner (13) and an acrylic plate (9), wherein the exhaust ventilator (2) and the variable frequency air conditioner (13) are arranged at the upper end of the main body frame (1), the full-spectrum plant growth lamp (33) is arranged above the spray header (10), and the acrylic plate (9) is fixedly connected to the main body frame (1);
the control device comprises a temperature and humidity sensor (4), a carbon dioxide concentration detector (5), an illumination intensity sensor (6), an electronic turbine flowmeter (21), a distribution box (11) and a touch screen (18), wherein the temperature and humidity sensor (4), the carbon dioxide concentration detector (5) and the illumination intensity sensor (6) are all arranged on one side of the full-spectrum plant growth lamp (3), the electronic turbine flowmeter (21) is arranged on a water outlet pipe (31), a PLC (programmable logic controller) is arranged in the distribution box (11), and the servo motor (20), the electromagnetic valve (8), the variable-frequency air conditioner (13), the temperature and humidity sensor (4), the carbon dioxide concentration detector (5), the illumination intensity sensor (6), the electronic turbine flowmeter (21) and the touch screen (18) are all electrically connected with the PLC;
the soil sample box (12) comprises a frame body (30), a soil sample tray (24) is arranged on the frame body (30), the soil sample tray (24) is arranged below the spray header (10), one side of the soil sample tray (24) is connected with the frame body (30) through an electric cylinder (29), two ends of the electric cylinder (29) are hinged with the soil sample tray (24) and the frame body (30) respectively, a rain measuring box (26) is arranged on the other side of the soil sample tray (24), a non-woven filter cloth (25) is arranged at the upper end of the rain measuring box (26), the electric cylinder (29) is electrically connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), and a plurality of universal wheels (27) convenient to move are arranged at the bottoms of the frame body (30) and the rain measuring box (26);
a vertical linear guide rail (16) is fixedly arranged on the main body frame (1), a sliding block (15) is movably arranged on the linear guide rail (16), the spray head (10) is fixedly arranged on the sliding block (15), a synchronous belt (14) is connected to the sliding block (15) in a transmission manner, an encoder (19) is arranged on a transmission wheel of the synchronous belt (14), and the encoder (19) is electrically connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller);
the water tank (22) comprises two tank bodies (33) respectively filled with clear water and slurry, water pipes in the two tank bodies (33) are communicated with a water outlet pipe (31) in an intersecting manner, a reversing valve (32) is arranged at the intersection, drainage pipelines (34) are arranged at the bottoms of the two tank bodies (33), and drainage valves are arranged on the drainage pipelines (34);
a slurry spraying module and a rainfall simulation module are displayed on the touch screen (18), the slurry spraying module comprises a slurry spraying parameter setting module, a soil sample parameter setting module and a soil body cementation thickness parameter module, and the rainfall simulation module comprises a rainfall parameter setting module, a soil sample parameter setting module and an auxiliary parameter module;
the simulation method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a touch screen (18) into a slurry spraying mode, and communicating a box body (33) filled with slurry with a water outlet pipe (31) through a reversing valve (32);
s2, preparing a soil sample (28) in the soil sample box (12), and arranging two groups of soil sample boxes (12) with the same soil body height;
s3, inputting the type of the soil sample (28) through the touch screen (18), setting the slurry spraying height H, wherein the type of the soil sample (28) comprises silt, fine sand, medium sand or coarse sand1In the range of 1.5 to 2.0m, the slurry pump amount Q1In the range of 0-13L/min, slurry pump pressure P1In the range of 0-0.2MPa, the slurry spraying frequency K1The range of the angle is 0 to 1600 times/min and the inclination angle of the soil sample (28) in the soil sample box (12) is 0 to 45 degrees;
s4, two groups of soil sample boxes (12) start a slurry spraying experiment at the same time, wherein one group is sprayed with slurry, and the other group is not sprayed with slurry;
s5, controlling the slurry pump quantity Q of the spray header (10)1At 1L/min for a certain time T1And then analyzing the soil body cementation thickness h in the soil sample box (12) sprayed with the slurry, wherein the soil body cementation thickness h meets the relation formula: h is AxK1×H1×P1(ii) a Wherein A is a constant related to the type of the cemented soil body, the viscosity of the slurry and the rheological index of the slurry;
s6, at a certain time T2Then, after the slurry is cemented with the soil sample (28) in the soil sample box (12), a rainfall simulation mode is set by using the touch screen (18), and the box body (33) filled with clear water is communicated with the water outlet pipe (31) by switching the reversing valve (32);
s7, setting rainfall g and rain pressure P on the touch screen (18)2In the range of 0-0.2MPa and the rainfall frequency K2In the range of 0 to 1600 times/min, a rainfall height H2In the range of 1.5 to 2.0m, the dried nonwoven filter cloth (25) is weighed in g1；
S8, simultaneously starting rainfall simulation experiments on the two groups of soil sample boxes (12), observing the water levels in the rainfall boxes (26) of the two groups of soil sample boxes (12) after the set rainfall g is finished, and obtaining the weight g of rainfall after respective filtration4；
S9, weighing g of the non-woven filter cloth (25) in the two groups of soil sample boxes (12) respectively2G is weighed after drying in the sun3Subtracting the weight g of the dry non-woven filter cloth (25)1Respectively obtaining the weight g of the washing carried silt3-g1Weight g of liquid on the nonwoven Filter cloth (25)2-g3Thereby obtaining the weight g- (g) of the occurrence of rain water in the soil body2-g3)-g4；
S10, planting the same herbaceous plant seeds on the soil samples (28) in the two groups of soil sample boxes (12) eroded by the rainfall simulation experiment;
s11, controlling test parameters of temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and illumination intensity in the two groups of soil sample boxes (12);
s12, observing the vegetation recovery conditions in the two groups of soil sample boxes (12);
s13, after the test is finished, discharging the slurry and the clean water through a drainage pipeline (34) at the bottom of the water tank (22), and flushing the tank body (33) to facilitate the next use.
2. The simulation method for a sandy soil spraying and sand control slurry simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the sand control slurry is set to be between 15 and 30P, the sand control slurry is 0.45 to 1.25% of an organic high molecular polymer solution prepared by mixing a hydroxyethyl cellulose sodium carboxymethyl cellulose composite aqueous solution, a polyacrylamide sodium polyacrylate composite aqueous solution and a potassium chloride solution at room temperature in proportion, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing 1-2.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose sodium carboxymethyl cellulose composite aqueous solution in advance;
s2, pre-dissolving 0.2-0.5% polyacrylamide sodium polyacrylate composite aqueous solution;
s3, adding 0.3-0.5% potassium chloride aqueous solution to obtain the spraying desertification control slurry.
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