CN105929138A - Coal gangue leachate melting and infiltration soil column simulation system and characteristic parameter determination method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a coal gangue leachate melting and infiltration soil column simulation system. The coal gangue leachate melting and infiltration soil column simulation system comprises a bottom component, one or more serial-connection soil column experiment standard components which are connected onto the bottom component and a coal gangue leachate melting and infiltration supplementing simulation device arranged at the top of the soil column experiment standard components; a soil filling component of the simulation system is composed of a plurality of standard components and is automatically controlled by a computer; the determination of melting and infiltration characteristic parameters and hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients of four shapes of sources to be melted, prepared by coal gangue leachate, is realized based on the system; in a determination process, a large-diameter undisturbed soil column is used for carrying out a laboratory experiment, and testing steps and a calculation method are provided; the coal gangue leachate melting and infiltration supplementing simulation device can realize a coal gangue leachate melting and low-temperature infiltration simulation process through a temperature adjusting element and a cold-hot integrated metal element; the coal gangue leachate melting and infiltration soil column simulation system has the characteristics of high practicability, good utilization effect and convenience for popularization and utilization.

Description

Gangue leachate melts and infiltrates column simulation system and characteristic parameter assay method

Technical field

The invention belongs to environmental mining protection field, melt particularly to a kind of gangue leachate and infiltrate column simulation system and characteristic parameter assay method.

Background technology

Precipitation is primarily referred to as rainfall and snowfall, and moisture arrives ground from air in a variety of manners, and the precipitation of other form also includes dew, frost, hail etc..Precipitation is the important step of hydrologic cycle, is also the basic source of mankind's water.Precipitation data is to analyze rationally flood low water feelings, the basis of basin damage caused by a drought, be also that the exploitation of water resource are such as controlled flood, generate electricity, basis that the planning and management of irrigation etc. uses.The process of precipitation recharge of phreatic water be atmospheric water to the soil water to subsoil water " three water " Conversion Relations in one of most basic link, precipitation infiltration is precipitation recharges amount to the increment of subsoil water, it is the main supply mode of subsoil water, meanwhile, also it is an important balance element in regional water equilibrium calculation.

Gangue is a kind of mixture, typically the carbonolite discharged in coal mining process and coal preparation plant's production process, argillaceous rocks, arenaceous rock, siltstone and a small amount of limestone is referred to as gangue, and it is the garbage of discharge in coal mining and the course of processing.The processing mode of China's gangue is mainly air storage at present, and burden has reached more than 4,100,000,000 tons, and annual still with the speed increase of more than hundred million tons.Gangue forms acid water under rainwater eluviation, makes substantial amounts of float, Organic substance that surrounding aqueous environment is caused severe contamination, is one of the subject matter of mine environmental pollution.Heavy metal element toxicity in leachate is the strongest, seriously polluted, all can work the mischief biological and human health, can migrate to phreatic water after entering soil.It is a various ingredients and the problem of multiphase porous flow that gangue leachate infiltrates migration process.

Soil column leaching is widely used in the research fields such as agricultural, forestry, geology, building and environment.Application soil column leaching can be in experiment lab simulation soil moisture and contaminant transportation rule.Earth pillar is generally divided into soil column and disturbance earth pillar two kinds.Soil column can be used for testing structure and the physical property thereof of the soil body itself；Current soil column leaching typically uses disturbance earth pillar, disturbance earth pillar to be to be formed through screening, or mixes what filling was formed according to a certain percentage, its architectural characteristic that can not be used for testing the soil body itself.No matter using which kind of earth pillar to test, all there is problems in that 1. soil column leaching dress soil component single-unit length is big, convenience is poor, to such an extent as to earth pillar installation difficulty, the cleaning to instrument brings inconvenience；2. monitoring device is installed loaded down with trivial details, needs to hole earth pillar, destroys it structural；3. monitoring device is generally artificial observation so that experimental precision property low, artificial is strong.

Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity and hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient are to describe Water Transport and the important function relation of solute conveying in unsaturated soil, are the important parameters analyzing the problems such as Soil Slope Stability, solid wastes landfill site, the migration of underground sewage and fill construction under precipitation condition.Owing to there being the existence of matric suction in unsaturated soil, determine that the characteristic parameter under gangue leachate Infiltration Condition has bigger difficulty.The mensuration of Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity and hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient both can be at laboratory, it is possible to carry out at the scene.The advantage of laboratory experiment is can to test undisturbed sample under the hydraulic boundary conditions set and reinvent the characteristic parameter of sample, and simultaneously compared with in-situ bioremediation, the laboratory experiment cycle is short, economical and more ripe.But it is typically due to the difference of the composition of unsaturated soil, structure and Environmental effect, result in small specimen used by laboratory experiment and be difficult to represent the practical situation of the real soil body.

CN103344538A discloses a kind of unsaturated soil Multifunctional permeameter and method of testing thereof, its water replanishing device is geneva bottle, described geneva bottle includes water bottle that top and the bottom all seal and the most vertically inserts the conduit in water bottle, water inlet is had in the upper portion side wall of described water bottle, air vent and feed water inlet is had on the bottom sidewall of water bottle, this patent can only carry out simple precipitation simulation of infiltration, melts this patent of simulating for increasingly complex gangue leachate and can not realize the most not providing such enlightenment.

nullCN105181531A discloses a kind of loess Moisture Transfer Rule indoor simulated system and characteristic parameter assay method，Its rainfall simulation system includes the circular rainfall hole embedding the rainfall groove being arranged on indoor simulated system casing top He being arranged on rainfall trench bottom，The top of described rainfall groove is provided with pressure control pipe in rainfall groove and the water inlet pipe being connected with external water source，It is provided with entering water electromagnetic valve on described water inlet pipe、Water inlet water pump and for first flow sensor that rainfall is detected in real time，It is provided with electromagnetic pressure control valve and pressure transducer on pressure control pipe in described rainfall groove，In described rainfall groove, the end of pressure control pipe connects air compressor，It is provided with the level sensor for the water level of rainfall groove is detected in real time in the top inner wall of described rainfall groove，A diameter of 0.5mm～1mm in described rainfall hole；This patent also can only carry out precipitation simulation of infiltration, gangue leachate is melted to the simulation this patent infiltrated and also cannot realize.

nullCN103604734A discloses the unsaturated soil rain infiltration analog systems that a kind of raininess is controlled，The equipment of the controlled realization of its raininess is such that in described water tank being provided with water supply pump，Water supply pump water supply water pipe connects spill box，Described spill box overflow pipe connects water tank，A raindrop generator it is also associated with bottom spill box，Described raindrop generator includes several and the conduit connected bottom spill box，Regulation valve it is provided with on described conduit，The top of conduit is provided with syringe needle，Syringe needle is fixed in fixed plate，The lower surface of fixed plate is additionally provided with a funnel，The discharging opening of described funnel is positioned at the overthe openings at model casing top，This patent also can only realize raininess controllable penetration simulation during rainfall，Gangue leachate is melted to the simulation this patent infiltrated also cannot realize.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of gangue leachate to melt and infiltrate column simulation system and characteristic parameter assay method, soil column based on major diameter carries out laboratory experiment, use gangue leachate to melt and infiltrate supply analog systems, it is possible to the whole ice cube type source to be melted that realizes being prepared by gangue leachate, particle diameter be the medium ice cube type source to be melted of 5cm-10cm, particle diameter be the ice cube type source to be melted less than 5cm and the mixed type source to be melted that combined by different-grain diameter melt simulating process；Analog systems dress soil component is multiple standard element and by computer automation control, and achieves characteristic parameter based on this system and measure, and gives testing procedure and computational methods, has practical, and using effect is good, it is simple to the feature promoted the use of.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that

Gangue leachate melts column simulation system of infiltrating, and the soil column leaching standard element (4) of one or more series connection including bottom member (1), being connected on bottom member (1) and the gangue leachate at soil column leaching standard element (4) top melt to infiltrate and feed analog (8)；

Described bottom member (1) includes the base (1-1) being positioned at bottom, collection water spot on base (1-1) accesses out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3) by plastic flexible pipe (2), being provided with the 3rd flow transducer (3-1) on plastic flexible pipe (2), the 3rd flow transducer (3-1) accesses computer (7)；Base (1-1) be provided above bearing column (1-2), the top of bearing column (1-2) is provided with high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), the surrounding of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is close to along all inwall levels with bottom member (1) pipe fitting (1-7), the top of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is provided with filter paper (1-4), and the upper surface of filter paper (1-4) contacts with undisturbed soil sample (12)；The top of pipe fitting (1-7) is provided with external screw thread linkage section (1-6), and external screw thread linkage section (1-6) is connected with soil column leaching standard element (4) by flange (6)；

Described soil column leaching standard element (4) is connected into a cylinder through clip (4-30) by the clip recess (4-3) of soil column leaching standard element (4) tube wall (4-1) by two identical semicylinders, be provided with circular aperture (4-4) on the tube wall (4-1) of soil column leaching standard element (4), circular aperture (4-4) and rubber stopper (5-7) with the use of；Threaded section (4-2) of upper and lower side is attached by multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) by flange (6)；Insert (5) is inserted in undisturbed soil sample (12) by rubber stopper (5-7), and data all real-time Transmission that insert (5) inner sensor is gathered are to computer (7)；Soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) is in circular aperture (4-4) inserts undisturbed soil sample (12), and data all real-time Transmission that soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) inner sensor is gathered are to computer (7)；X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) is in circular aperture (4-4) inserts undisturbed soil sample (12), and data all real-time Transmission that X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) is gathered are to computer (7)；Being fixed with multiple pressure-measuring pipe (4-9) on soil column leaching standard element (4), each water inlet of multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) is in circular aperture (4-4) inserts undisturbed soil sample (12)；Described insert (5) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar, soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar, X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar, and pressure-measuring pipe (4-9) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar；

nullDescribed gangue leachate melts to infiltrate and feeds the Thermal Control Element (8-3) that analog (8) includes being arranged on the temperature controller (8-1) outside earth pillar and being connected with it by wire (9)，Described Thermal Control Element (8-3) is positioned at top cover (8-2) lower section，The top of top cover (8-2) is provided with ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor (8-4)，Top cover (8-2) is positioned at top and the close contact of the cylindrical member (10) on soil column leaching standard element (4) top，Liquid outlet (10-1) is had outside undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface in cylindrical member (10)，Described liquid outlet (10-1) accesses run-off measuring cup (13) by plastic flexible pipe (2)，Second flow sensor (13-1) it is provided with on plastic flexible pipe (2)，Described second flow sensor (13-1) accesses computer (7) by wire (9)，The source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate it is provided with on undisturbed soil sample (12)；

Described bearing column (1-2) includes bearing column bearing (1-22) and bearing column main body (1-21) fixed thereon, described bearing column bearing (1-22) is formed in one with base (1-1), and bearing column bearing (1-22) vertically projects at earth pillar and arranges according to " circumference in center of circle+with base (1-1) radius 1/2 as radius is to five equal portions " mode；Bearing column main body (1-21) length difference makes base (1-1) present the gradient；

Described earth pillar bottom member (1), soil column leaching standard element (4) and cylindrical member (10) are made by high temperature resistant glass fibre reinforced plastic；

Syringe needle (5-6) is inserted in being provided with foremost of described insert (5), the corner of insert (5) internal pipeline is provided with rubber sheet gasket (5-1), internal pipeline is provided with expelling means (5-2), expelling means (5-2) includes Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4-5) or cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6), expelling means (5-2) rear end is attached with wire (9), the afterbody of expelling means (5-2) is arranged with light spring (5-4), the end of light spring (5-4) is provided with prober controller (5-5), the stage casing, outside of insert (5) is provided with baffle plate (5-3)；

Described circular aperture (4-4) shape size is consistent with rubber stopper (5-7) and is tightly combined, arrangement mode is: is separated by arrangement on Zong Xiang and follows upper tightly lower sparse principle, transversely dividing arrangement around soil column leaching standard element (4) outer circumference 8 grade；

Described clip (4-30) is made up of two halves circular steel ring (4-34) and is riveted by the rivet (4-35) of one end, the other end joint (4-33) of clip (4-30) regulates the tightness of clip (4-30) by lead screw (4-31) and nut (4-32), and the standard cylindrical member of making is combined closely；

Described flange (6) inner side is provided with flange screw thread (6-1), and the two ends of flange (6) are provided with swing handle (6-2)；

The signal end of described computer (7) is connected with the signal end of microcontroller (7-0), and microcontroller (7-0) is provided with temperature sensing input (7-1), humiture detection outfan (7-2), matric suction detection outfan (7-3) and concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4)；Temperature sensing input (7-1) connects cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) through wire (9), humiture detection outfan (7-2) connects Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4-5) through wire (9), matric suction detection outfan (7-3) connects soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) through wire (9), and concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4) connects X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) through wire (9)；

The described source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate include four kinds of forms, whole ice cube type source to be melted, particle diameter be the medium ice cube type source to be melted of 5cm-10cm, particle diameter be the ice cube type source to be melted less than 5cm and the mixed type source to be melted combined by different-grain diameter；On cylindrical member (10) outer wall that cylindrical member (10) intersects with the horizontal plane residing for source to be melted (11) upper surface prepared by gangue leachate, circumferential six deciles are provided with six infrared emissions warning leveling unit (J)；Gangue leachate melt infiltrate supply analog (8) side be provided with pulper (H), the telescopic transporter of the outlet (Q) of pulper (H), the transportation section of telescopic transporter (Q) is communicated in cylindrical member (10), it is provided with vibrosieve (R) in cylindrical member (10) and below telescopic transporter (Q), the lower section of vibrosieve (R) is provided with three blade fans (C) being made up of flexible plastic by fan fixed structure B, and vibrosieve (R) is mobilizable shutter form.

Infiltrate the characteristic parameter assay method of column simulation system based on gangue leachate, comprise the following steps:

Step one, assembling soil column leaching standard element

Respectively two pieces of semicylinder tube walls (4-1) of soil column leaching standard element (4) are spliced, the seam of soil column leaching standard element (4) is sealed and water-proofing treatment, then clip (4-30) is enclosed within clip recess (4-3), and by the nut (4-32) being tightly placed on lead screw part (4-31) on spanner, make clip (4-30) be enclosed within securely in clip recess (4-3), then multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) are realized longitudinal spliced by flange (6) series connection；

Step 2, installation undisturbed soil sample

Choose preprepared undisturbed soil sample (12), undisturbed soil sample (12) is erect on the ground, the multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) connected are entangled undisturbed soil sample (12), and when sealing between undisturbed soil sample (12) and soil column leaching standard element (4) and water-proofing treatment are ensured subsequent experimental, gangue leachate does not directly flow down from gap；

Step 3, assembling soil column leaching instrument and equipment

First base (1-1) is positioned on level ground, then bearing column main body (1-21) is mounted on the bearing column bearing (1-22) of correspondence, high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is placed horizontally at bearing column main body (1-21) top, described high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) upper surface is equipped with filter paper (1-4), and described bearing column main body (1-21), high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), filter paper (1-4) are respectively positioned on pipe fitting (1-7) inside；nullIn catchment extreme lower position, one the external plastic flexible pipe of liquid outlet (2) is set，The other end of described plastic flexible pipe (2) is accessed out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3)，Wherein said plastic flexible pipe (2) is upper installs the 3rd flow transducer (3-1)，Described 3rd flow transducer (3-1) accesses computer (7) by wire (9)，Then the flange screw thread (6-1) of flange (6) is directed at external screw thread linkage section (1-6)，By swing handle (6-2), flange (6) is closely installed at above bottom member (1)，Then the undisturbed soil sample (12) that soil column leaching standard element splicing assembled entangles together with it is assembled by the flange screw thread (6-1) of the bottom thread linkage section (4-2) of soil column leaching standard element (4) with the flange (6) of described bottom member (1) upper end，The undisturbed soil sample (12) that the soil column leaching standard element making splicing assemble entangles together with it is positioned at the surface of bottom member (1) filter paper (1-4)，Finally by flange (6), cylindrical member (10) is attached；

Step 4, the original state of mensuration undisturbed soil sample

The initial aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12): the humidity of undisturbed soil sample (12) is once monitored by multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) respectively, and the signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the moisture signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and the moisture signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is recorded as initial aqueous rate θ of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_c；

The initial temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12): the temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12) is once monitored by multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) respectively, and the signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the temperature signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and the temperature signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is recorded as initial temperature T of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_c；

The matric suction of undisturbed soil sample (12): the matric suction of undisturbed soil sample (12) is once monitored by multiple soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) respectively, and the signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the matric suction signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and by initial substrate suction F that the matric suction signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_ac；

The concentration of heavy metal ion background values of undisturbed soil sample (12): undisturbed soil sample (12) concentration of heavy metal ion of original state is monitored by multiple X-ray fluorescence spectras probe (4-8) respectively, the concentration of heavy metal ion signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the concentration of heavy metal ion signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and be each test point concentration of heavy metal ion background values c by the concentration of heavy metal ion signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point；

The head height of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) head height to undisturbed soil sample (12) respectively is monitored obtaining head height h corresponding to each test point starting stage_c；

The saturated aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12): other soil sample that the sampling spot of undisturbed soil sample (12) is taken back is carried out saturated aqueous rate mensuration, as the saturated aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12)；Soil sampling puts into weighing box, and for its water filling until water surface submergence soil sample, unnecessary water was removed after 10 minutes by submergence, and quality is called m, afterwards soil sample and weighing box is put into baking oven, dries, be placed on afterwards on balance carry out weighing quality is m_s, utilize formula afterwardsSaturated aqueous rate θ of undisturbed soil sample (12) is tried to achieve in calculating_sat；

Step 5, simulation gangue leachate melt and infiltrate

(1), when the whole ice cube type needing simulation to be prepared by gangue leachate is wait melting when melting simulating process of source, it is only necessary to whole ice cube type source to be melted (11) is placed on undisturbed soil sample (12)；When the medium ice cube type source to be melted that particle diameter is 5cm-10cm needing simulation to be prepared by gangue leachate, particle diameter is the ice cube type source to be melted less than 5cm, and the mixed type combined by different-grain diameter is wait melting when melting simulating process of source, start pulper (H), it is transported in vibrosieve (R) by telescopic transporter (Q) after melting source (11) and blending in pulper (H) by prepared by gangue leachate, telescopic transporter (Q) stretching motion back and forth in cylindrical member (10), along with vibrosieve rotation, thus realize the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate blended is trickled down upper surface at vibrosieve (R) equably, ensure that the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate after blending is the most in heaps and be gathered in vibrosieve (R)；Vibrosieve (R) is set to mobilizable shutter form, can automatically adjust along with the size in the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate, when melting, the opening of shutter is set to maximum, in order to Thermal Control Element (8-3) preferably carries out melting heating；Three blade fans (C) flabellum rotating speed is relatively slow, so that the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate fallen is smooth；Six infrared emissions warning leveling unit (J) constitute one group in pairs, and to realize correlation levelling, can scan the whether level of source to be melted (11) upper surface prepared by gangue leachate in monitoring undisturbed soil sample (12) comprehensively；

(2), computer (7) sends signal and connects the current supply circuit of temperature controller (8-1), thus controls Thermal Control Element (8-3) and be heated to preset experimental temperature T₁Thermal Control Element (8-3) is monitored and with Thermal Control Element (8-3), the signal real-time Transmission monitored is preset experimental temperature T to computer (7), the monitor value that computer (7) is received by temperature controller (8-1) in real time₁Phase comparison, presets experimental temperature T when monitor value reaches Thermal Control Element (8-3)₁Time, computer (7) sends signal to temperature controller (8-1) and disconnects the current supply circuit of Thermal Control Element (8-3), Thermal Control Element (8-3) stops heating, when monitor value presets experimental temperature T less than Thermal Control Element (8-3)₁Time, computer (7) sends signal through microcontroller (7-0) to temperature controller (8-1) and connects the current supply circuit of Thermal Control Element (8-3), Thermal Control Element (8-3) begins to warm up, so that Thermal Control Element (8-3) remains default experimental temperature T₁；Preset experimental temperature T₁In the range of 0 DEG C～80 DEG C；

(3), computer (7) sends signal and arrives cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) from temperature sensing input (7-1) through wire (9) through microcontroller (7-0), control cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) to start working, make undisturbed soil sample (12) reach to preset experimental temperature T₂；During gangue leachate melts simulating, the temperature of neighbouring soil is monitored and with cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6), the signal monitored is preset experimental temperature T to computer (7), the temperature monitoring value that computer (7) is received by humiture outfan (7-2) real-time Transmission of microcontroller (7-0) through wire (9) by Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4-5) in real time that be embedded in undisturbed soil sample (12)₂Phase comparison, when temperature monitoring value presets experimental temperature T higher than cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6)₂Time, computer (7) sends signal control cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) through microcontroller (7-0) to temperature sensing input (7-1) and starts refrigeration, when temperature monitoring value presets experimental temperature T less than cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6)₂Time, computer (7) sends signal control cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) through microcontroller (7-0) to temperature sensing input (7-1) and begins to warm up, so that the temperature of cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) remains default experimental temperature T₂, simulated gangue leachate and melted low temperature Infiltration Condition；Preset experimental temperature T₂In the range of-20 DEG C～20 DEG C；

(4), during simulation gangue leachate melts and infiltrates, do not penetrate into the gangue leachate in undisturbed soil sample (12) and flow out in described liquid outlet (10-1) and flow into run-off measuring cup (13) through plastic flexible pipe (2)；Ooze out the gangue leachate in undisturbed soil sample (12) flow out in described liquid-through hole (1-5) and flow into out milliosmolarity measurement measuring cup (3) through plastic flexible pipe (2)；Melt in infiltration process at gangue leachate, when the difference of the amount of the gangue leachate not penetrated in undisturbed soil sample (12) of two adjacent sampling instants is less than or equal to 1cm³Time, illustrate to have reached gangue leachate and melt and infiltrate stable, stop experiment；Now, check that run-off does not penetrates into the amount of the gangue leachate in undisturbed soil sample (12) in measuring measuring cup (13), and be gangue leachate ablation path flow Q by this read-record_j；Check out that milliosmolarity oozes out the amount of the gangue leachate of undisturbed soil sample (12) in measuring measuring cup (3), and be that gangue leachate melts milliosmolarity Q by this read-record_c；Moisture content θ at upper epidermis when infiltrating stable according to undisturbed soil sample (12), in conjunction with initial aqueous rate θ at undisturbed soil sample (12) upper epidermis_c, thus converse gangue leachate and melt infiltration capacity Q_r；Gangue leachate melts infiltration capacity Q_rWith gangue leachate ablation path flow Q_jAnd be gangue leachate total ablation Q_z；For whole ice cube type source the to be melted total amount Q ' prepared by gangue leachate_z, the volume of gangue leachate at 4 DEG C of correspondence can be scaled and tried to achieve；For the source total amount Q ' to be melted produced by pulper (H)_z, can be by the volume V of gangue leachate at 4 DEG C put into corresponding to the ice cube that prepare of gangue leachate of pulper (H)₁The volume V of gangue leachate at 4 DEG C corresponding to ice cube prepared by gangue leachate with all of residue in pulper (H)₂Difference determine, described ice cube be the length of side be the cube ice cube of 1cm；

Each parameter monitoring in step 6, simulation process

The humiture of the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process is monitored by multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) respectively, and the signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12), moisture signal at multiple test point, and the temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point, moisture signal are recorded as temperature T corresponding to each test point record moment_i, moisture content θ_i；The matric suction of the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process is monitored by multiple soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) respectively, the matric suction signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the matric suction signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and be matric suction F corresponding to each test point record moment by the matric suction signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_a；The concentration of heavy metal ion of the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process is monitored by multiple X-ray fluorescence spectras probe (4-8) respectively, the concentration of heavy metal ion signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the concentration of heavy metal ion signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and be concentration of heavy metal ion c corresponding to each test point record moment by the concentration of heavy metal ion signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_i；Multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) head height to undisturbed soil sample (12) respectively is monitored obtaining head height h corresponding to each test point record moment_i；

Above-mentioned all of monitoring, its monitoring temporal frequency is provided that gangue leachate infiltrates in 5 minutes, record time interval is 5 seconds, and gangue leachate infiltrates in 5-15 minute, and record time interval is 10 seconds, gangue leachate infiltrates in 15-30 minute, record time interval is 15 seconds, and gangue leachate infiltrates in 30-60 minute, and record time interval is 20 seconds, after gangue leachate infiltrates 60 minutes, record time interval is 60 seconds, until experiment reaches stably latter more than 2-4 hour；

Analysis on monitoring result in step 7, simulation process

Temperature T to a certain moment recorded_i, matric suction F_aWith concentration of heavy metal ion c_iMonitoring Data does interpolation processing, obtains temperature cloud picture, matric suction cloud atlas and concentration of heavy metal ion cloud atlas corresponding to a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12)；Simultaneously to the moisture content θ corresponding to a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12) recorded_iMonitoring Data does interpolation processing, obtains the moisture content cloud atlas that a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12) is corresponding；

Changing Pattern according to moisture content cloud atlas, find out the position of moistening forward corresponding to each moment, the position of described moistening forward refers to the edge of humid zone, and between the non-humid zone in bottom there is the part of substantially sudden change in moisture content, each position line forms moistening front forward line, thus observes the Changing Pattern of moistening forward position t in time；According to moisture content cloud atlas, according to the size of moisture content, find out saturated aqueous rate θ corresponding to each moment_satContour, so that it is determined that fully saturated band, the definition of described fully saturated band is the part that moisture is fully saturated occur in earth pillar upper surface certain depth below；When moistening forward occurs in the same monitoring moment with fully saturated band, described moistening front forward line and saturated aqueous rate θ_satRegion between contour is defined as gangue leachate and infiltrates intermediate zone；

Draw matric suction F_aWith moisture content θ_iGraph of a relation, thus respectively obtain the soil-structure interaction of each soil layer；

Step 8, gangue leachate melt infiltrated water and ablation factor calculates

According to formula Q_r=Q_z-Q_j, it is calculated gangue leachate infiltration capacity Q_r, unit is cm³；Wherein Q_zFor gangue leachate total ablation, unit is cm³；Q_jFor gangue leachate run-off, unit is cm³；

According to formula △ S=Q_r-Q_c, it being calculated the loss amount △ S that gangue leachate infiltrates, unit is cm³；Wherein Q_rFor gangue leachate infiltration capacity, unit is cm³；Q_cGoing out milliosmolarity for gangue leachate, unit is cm³；

According to formula V_r=Q_r/ t is calculated gangue leachate infiltration rate V_r, unit is cm³/s；Wherein Q_rFor gangue leachate infiltration capacity, unit is cm³；T is the experiment test time, and unit is s；

According to formula V_c=Q_c/ t is calculated gangue leachate and goes out to ooze rate V_c, unit is cm³/s；Wherein Q_cGoing out milliosmolarity for gangue leachate, unit is cm³；T is the experiment test time, and unit is s；

According to formula α=Q_c/Q_zBeing calculated gangue leachate and melt infiltrated water α, unit is dimensionless；Wherein Q_cGoing out milliosmolarity for gangue leachate, unit is cm³；Q_zFor gangue leachate total ablation；

According to formula a '=Q_z/Q′_zBeing calculated the source ablation factor a ' to be melted prepared by gangue leachate, unit is dimensionless；Wherein Q_zFor source the to be melted total ablation prepared by gangue leachate, unit is cm³；Q′_zFor source the to be melted total amount prepared by gangue leachate, unit is cm³；

Step 9, Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity calculate

Gangue leachate based on soil column leaching infiltrates, and can be generalized as one-dimensional Vertical Infiltration, and its mathematical model is as follows

$(v_y+\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_y}{dy}dy)dxdz-v_{y}dxdz=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}dxdydz---\left(1\right)$

Darcy law is substituted into above equation (1) obtain

$\frac{d(-kdh/dy)}{dy}=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}---\left(2\right)$

For unsaturated soil, osmotic coefficient k and moisture content existence function relation, so equation (2) can turn to following formula

$k\frac{d^{2}h}{{\mathrm{dy}}^2}+\frac{dk}{dy}\frac{dh}{dy}=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}---\left(3\right)$

The theory proposed according to Fredlund&Morgenstern, the normal stress (σ-u suffered by sample_a) and the change of matric suction value will cause volumetric water content θ_wChange, i.e.

${\mathrm{d\θ}}_w=-{m_1}^{w}d(\mathrm{\σ}-u_a)-m_2^w(u_a-u_w)---\left(4\right)$

In formula: σ total stress；

m₁ ^wWith normal stress (σ-u_a) change the change in volume coefficient of relevant water；

With matric suction (u_a-u_w) change the change in volume coefficient of relevant water；

By equation (4) to time diffusion, meanwhile, not external load effect on soil body unit during unsteady state flow through porous medium, it is assumed that the most constant in non-saturated region gas phase,

$\frac{\∂{\mathrm{\θ}}_w}{\∂t}={\mathrm{\γ}}_w{m}_2^w\frac{\∂h}{\∂t}---\left(5\right)$

Wherein:The i.e. slope of soil-structure interaction；

By (3), (5) Shi Ke get

$k\frac{d^{2}h}{{\mathrm{dy}}^2}+\frac{dk}{dy}\frac{dh}{dy}={\mathrm{\γ}}_w{m}_2^w\frac{\∂h}{\∂t}---\left(6\right)$

Wherein: k is Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity, unit is dimensionless；H is gross head height, and unit is cm；Y is earth pillar measuring point height, and unit is cm；γ_wFor the severe of water, unit is N/m³；For the slope of soil-structure interaction, unit is dimensionless；T is the time, and unit is s；

Try to achieve the Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity k at any time earth pillar arbitrary height according to equation (6), utilize interpolation method to draw its scattergram；

Step 10, hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient calculations

By water balance principle, Water Flux q at arbitrary section y on earth pillar_y, it is represented by

$q_0-q_y=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[{\∫}_0^z\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_2\right)dy-{\∫}_0^z\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_1\right)dy\]---\left(7\right)$

$q_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{1}{2}(q_0^{k+1}+q_0^k)-\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}y}{2\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^{k+1})-\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^k+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^k)\]---\left(8\right)$

In formula: q_yFor the Water Flux at arbitrary section y, cm/d；q₀For the inflow at earth pillar top, cm/d；θ is volumetric water content, cm³/cm³；Δ t is the period, Δ t=t₂-t₁, d；Hop count when k is；

Solute flux J at arbitrary section y on earth pillar_yObtained by the principle of mass conservation

$J_0-J_y=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[{\∫}_0^y\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_2\right)c\left(t_2\right)dy-{\∫}_0^y\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_1\right)k\left(t_2\right)dy\]---\left(9\right)$

$J_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{1}{2}(J_0^{k+1}+J_0^k)-\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}z}{4\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^{k+1})(c_{i+1}^{k+1}+c_i^{k+1})-\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^k+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^k)(c_{i+1}^k+c_i^k)\]---\left(10\right)$

In formula: J_yFor the Solute flux at arbitrary section y, g/ (cm²·d)；J₀For the Solute flux at earth pillar top, g/ (cm²·d)；c_iFor soil liquid concentration, g/cm³；θ is volumetric water content, cm³/cm³；Δ t is the period, Δ t=t₂-t₁, d；Hop count when k is；

According to hydrodynamic dispersion principle, Solute flux is equal to hydrodynamic dispersion flux and convective flux sum, i.e.

$J=-{\mathrm{\θD}}_{sh}\frac{\∂c}{\∂y}+qc---\left(11\right)$

$D_{sh}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\θ}\frac{\∂c}{\∂y}}+(qc-J)---\left(12\right)$

In formula: D_shFor hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient, cm²/d；Remaining symbol is the same.

${\left(D_{sh}\right)}_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{2\mathrm{\Δ}y}{({\mathrm{\θ}}_y^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_y^k)(c_y^{k+1}-c_y^k)}\[q_y^{k+1/2}(c_y^{k+1}+c_y^k)-J_y^{k+1/2}\]---\left(13\right)$

By above calculateWithSubstitute into above formula and can calculate hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient D_shIf taking a series of y section, a series of D can being calculated_sh, thus by D_shEmpirical equation is fitted to corresponding Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity k or pore velocity v.

Advantages of the present invention:

1. the soil column leaching standard element (4) of the present invention is connected into a cylinder by two identical semicylinders, undisturbed can be carried out easily and reinvent the experiment of sample, facilitate the cleaning of experimental apparatus simultaneously, overcome current soil column leaching to be difficult to use undisturbed to carry out the defect tested and later stage cleaning is complicated.

2. rubber stopper (5-7) and insert (5) with the use of, spilling water and the defect of water deficit when overcoming existing soil column leaching testing element to insert, have that test result is accurate, reliability is high, reusable advantage.

3. soil column leaching standard element (4) can overcome fill soil parts single-unit length defect big, unhandy in prior art in soil column leaching according to the multiple series connection of requirement of experiment；And each parts of whole system use standard element so that experimental standard, conventional efficient is greatly improved.

4. analog systems is connected with computer, it is achieved Automated condtrol, there is accuracy, feature that standard is high, overcome present stage most instrument and equipment manual operation and the defect of error easily occurs.

5. the gangue leachate of the present invention melts and infiltrates supply analog (8) and realized gangue leachate melted low temperature simulating process by Thermal Control Element (8-3) and cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6).

6, infiltrating column simulation system based on gangue leachate and realize the mensuration of characteristic parameter, and give testing procedure and computational methods, have practical, using effect is good, it is simple to the feature promoted the use of.

7, present invention soil column based on major diameter (not less than 50cm) carries out laboratory experiment, compared with traditional laboratory experiment small specimen, it is possible to preferably represent the practical situation of the real soil body；Compared with in-situ bioremediation, the feature that the experiment of the major diameter soil column of the present invention also possesses that the cycle is short, spends less, technological means is ripe.

8, present invention firstly provides the source to be melted under the four kinds of forms prepared by gangue leachate, the most whole ice cube type source to be melted, particle diameter be the medium ice cube type source to be melted of 5cm-10cm, particle diameter be the ice cube type source to be melted less than 5cm and the mixed type source to be melted combined by different-grain diameter, melt to infiltrate for reasonable Study on Coal spoil leachate and provide feasible approach.

9, present invention firstly provides the gangue leachate under various ways and infiltrate the mensuration of column simulation system and characteristic parameter, present configuration is new reasonable, it is possible to the various working that effectively simulation gangue leachate infiltrates, and has accuracy high, highly reliable.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Figure 1A is the general system diagram of the present invention.

Figure 1B be in the present invention gangue leachate melt infiltrate supply analog (8) schematic diagram.

Fig. 1 C is infrared emission warning leveling unit (J) schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the installation diagram of soil column leaching standard element (4) and bottom member (1).

Fig. 3 is tube wall (4-1) schematic diagram in soil column leaching standard element (4), and wherein Fig. 3 A is front view, and Fig. 3 B is rearview.

Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing in Fig. 2 at A.

Fig. 5 is the top view of base (1-1).

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of insert (5).

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of rubber stopper (5-7) in insert (5).

Fig. 8 is the fractionation schematic diagram of the clip (4-30) of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of flange (6).

Detailed description of the invention

With reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is done narration in detail.

With reference to Figure 1A, gangue leachate melts column simulation system of infiltrating, and the soil column leaching standard element (4) of one or more series connection including bottom member (1), being connected on bottom member (1) and the gangue leachate at soil column leaching standard element (4) top melt to infiltrate and feed analog (8)；

With reference to Fig. 2, described bottom member (1) includes the base (1-1) being positioned at bottom, collection water spot on base (1-1) accesses out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3) by plastic flexible pipe (2), being provided with the 3rd flow transducer (3-1) on plastic flexible pipe (2), the 3rd flow transducer (3-1) accesses computer (7)；Base (1-1) be provided above bearing column (1-2), the top of bearing column (1-2) is provided with high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), the surrounding of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is close to along all inwall levels with bottom member (1) pipe fitting (1-7), the top of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is provided with filter paper (1-4), and the upper surface of filter paper (1-4) contacts with undisturbed soil sample (12)；The top of pipe fitting (1-7) is provided with external screw thread linkage section (1-6), and external screw thread linkage section (1-6) is connected with soil column leaching standard element (4) by flange (6)；

With reference to Fig. 3, described soil column leaching standard element (4) is connected into a cylinder through clip (4-30) by the clip recess (4-3) of soil column leaching standard element (4) tube wall (4-1) by two identical semicylinders, be provided with circular aperture (4-4) on the tube wall (4-1) of soil column leaching standard element (4), circular aperture (4-4) and rubber stopper (5-7) with the use of；Threaded section (4-2) of upper and lower side is attached by multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) by flange (6)；Insert (5) is inserted in undisturbed soil sample (12) by rubber stopper (5-7), and data all real-time Transmission that insert (5) inner sensor is gathered are to computer (7)；Soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) is in circular aperture (4-4) inserts undisturbed soil sample (12), and data all real-time Transmission that soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) inner sensor is gathered are to computer (7)；X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) is in circular aperture (4-4) inserts undisturbed soil sample (12), and data all real-time Transmission that X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) is gathered are to computer (7)；Being fixed with multiple pressure-measuring pipe (4-9) on soil column leaching standard element (4), each water inlet of multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) is in circular aperture (4-4) inserts undisturbed soil sample (12)；Described insert (5) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar, soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar, X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar, and pressure-measuring pipe (4-9) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar；

nullWith reference to Figure 1B，Described gangue leachate melts to infiltrate and feeds the Thermal Control Element (8-3) that analog (8) includes being arranged on the temperature controller (8-1) outside earth pillar and being connected with it by wire (9)，Described Thermal Control Element (8-3) is positioned at top cover (8-2) lower section，The top of top cover (8-2) is provided with ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor (8-4)，Top cover (8-2) is positioned at top and the close contact of the cylindrical member (10) on soil column leaching standard element (4) top，Liquid outlet (10-1) is had outside undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface in cylindrical member (10)，Described liquid outlet (10-1) accesses run-off measuring cup (13) by plastic flexible pipe (2)，Second flow sensor (13-1) it is provided with on plastic flexible pipe (2)，Described second flow sensor (13-1) accesses computer (7) by wire (9)，The source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate it is provided with on undisturbed soil sample (12)；

With reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, described bearing column (1-2) includes bearing column bearing (1-22) and bearing column main body (1-21) fixed thereon, described bearing column bearing (1-22) is formed in one with base (1-1), and bearing column bearing (1-22) vertically projects at earth pillar and arranges according to " circumference in center of circle+with base (1-1) radius 1/2 as radius is to five equal portions " mode；Bearing column main body (1-21) length difference makes base (1-1) present the gradient；

Described earth pillar bottom member (1), soil column leaching standard element (4) and cylindrical member (10) are made by high temperature resistant glass fibre reinforced plastic；

With reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 7, syringe needle (5-6) is inserted in being provided with foremost of described insert (5), the corner of insert (5) internal pipeline is provided with rubber sheet gasket (5-1), internal pipeline is provided with expelling means (5-2), expelling means (5-2) includes Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4-5) or cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6), expelling means (5-2) rear end is attached with wire (9), the afterbody of expelling means (5-2) is arranged with light spring (5-4), the end of light spring (5-4) is provided with prober controller (5-5), the stage casing, outside of insert (5) is provided with baffle plate (5-3)；

Described circular aperture (4-4) shape size is consistent with rubber stopper (5-7) and is tightly combined, arrangement mode is: is separated by arrangement on Zong Xiang and follows upper tightly lower sparse principle, transversely dividing arrangement around soil column leaching standard element (4) outer circumference 8 grade；

With reference to Fig. 8, described clip (4-30) is made up of two halves circular steel ring (4-34) and is riveted by the rivet (4-35) of one end, the other end joint (4-33) of clip (4-30) regulates the tightness of clip (4-30) by lead screw (4-31) and nut (4-32), and the standard cylindrical member of making is combined closely；

With reference to Fig. 9, described flange (6) inner side is provided with flange screw thread (6-1), and the two ends of flange (6) are provided with swing handle (6-2)；

The signal end of described computer (7) is connected with the signal end of microcontroller (7-0), and microcontroller (7-0) is provided with temperature sensing input (7-1), humiture detection outfan (7-2), matric suction detection outfan (7-3) and concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4)；Temperature sensing input (7-1) connects cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) through wire (9), humiture detection outfan (7-2) connects Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4-5) through wire (9), matric suction detection outfan (7-3) connects soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) through wire (9), and concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4) connects X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) through wire (9)；

With reference to Figure 1B, Fig. 1 C, the described source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate be set as four kinds of forms, whole ice cube type source to be melted, particle diameter be the medium ice cube type source to be melted of 5cm-10cm, particle diameter be the ice cube type source to be melted less than 5cm and the mixed type source to be melted combined by different-grain diameter；On cylindrical member (10) outer wall that cylindrical member (10) intersects with the horizontal plane residing for source to be melted (11) upper surface prepared by gangue leachate, circumferential six deciles are provided with six infrared emissions warning leveling unit (J)；Gangue leachate melt infiltrate supply analog (8) side be provided with pulper (H), the telescopic transporter of the outlet (Q) of pulper (H), the transportation section of telescopic transporter (Q) is communicated in cylindrical member (10), it is provided with vibrosieve (R) in cylindrical member (10) and below telescopic transporter (Q), the lower section of vibrosieve (R) is provided with three blade fans (C) being made up of flexible plastic by fan fixed structure B, and vibrosieve (R) is mobilizable shutter form.

Infiltrate the characteristic parameter assay method of column simulation system based on gangue leachate, comprise the following steps:

Step one, assembling soil column leaching standard element

Respectively two pieces of semicylinder tube walls (4-1) of soil column leaching standard element (4) are spliced, the seam of soil column leaching standard element (4) is sealed and water-proofing treatment, then clip (4-30) is enclosed within clip recess (4-3), and by the nut (4-32) being tightly placed on lead screw part (4-31) on spanner, make clip (4-30) be enclosed within securely in clip recess (4-3), then multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) are realized longitudinal spliced by flange (6) series connection；

Step 2, installation undisturbed soil sample

Choose preprepared undisturbed soil sample (12), undisturbed soil sample (12) is erect on the ground, the multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) connected are entangled undisturbed soil sample (12), and when sealing between undisturbed soil sample (12) and soil column leaching standard element (4) and water-proofing treatment are ensured subsequent experimental, gangue leachate does not directly flow down from gap；

Step 3, assembling soil column leaching instrument and equipment

First base (1-1) is positioned on level ground, then bearing column main body (1-21) is mounted on the bearing column bearing (1-22) of correspondence, high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is placed horizontally at bearing column main body (1-21) top, described high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) upper surface is equipped with filter paper (1-4), and described bearing column main body (1-21), high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), filter paper (1-4) are respectively positioned on pipe fitting (1-7) inside；nullIn catchment extreme lower position, one the external plastic flexible pipe of liquid outlet (2) is set，The other end of described plastic flexible pipe (2) is accessed out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3)，Wherein said plastic flexible pipe (2) is upper installs the 3rd flow transducer (3-1)，Described 3rd flow transducer (3-1) accesses computer (7) by wire (9)，Then the flange screw thread (6-1) of flange (6) is directed at external screw thread linkage section (1-6)，By swing handle (6-2), flange (6) is closely installed at above bottom member (1)，Then the undisturbed soil sample (12) that soil column leaching standard element splicing assembled entangles together with it is assembled by the flange screw thread (6-1) of the bottom thread linkage section (4-2) of soil column leaching standard element (4) with the flange (6) of described bottom member (1) upper end，The undisturbed soil sample (12) that the soil column leaching standard element making splicing assemble entangles together with it is positioned at the surface of bottom member (1) filter paper (1-4)，Finally by flange (6), cylindrical member (10) is attached；

Step 4, the original state of mensuration undisturbed soil sample

The initial aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12): the humidity of undisturbed soil sample (12) is once monitored by multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) respectively, and the signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the moisture signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and the moisture signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is recorded as initial aqueous rate θ of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_c；

The initial temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12): the temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12) is once monitored by multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) respectively, and the signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the temperature signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and the temperature signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is recorded as initial temperature T of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_c；

The matric suction of undisturbed soil sample (12): the matric suction of undisturbed soil sample (12) is once monitored by multiple soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) respectively, and the signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the matric suction signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and by initial substrate suction F that the matric suction signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_ac；

The concentration of heavy metal ion background values of undisturbed soil sample (12): undisturbed soil sample (12) concentration of heavy metal ion of original state is monitored by multiple X-ray fluorescence spectras probe (4-8) respectively, the concentration of heavy metal ion signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the concentration of heavy metal ion signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and be each test point concentration of heavy metal ion background values c by the concentration of heavy metal ion signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point；

The head height of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) head height to undisturbed soil sample (12) respectively is monitored obtaining head height h corresponding to each test point starting stage_c；

The saturated aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12): other soil sample that the sampling spot of undisturbed soil sample (12) is taken back is carried out saturated aqueous rate mensuration, as the saturated aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12)；Soil sampling puts into weighing box, and for its water filling until water surface submergence soil sample, unnecessary water was removed after 10 minutes by submergence, and quality is called m, afterwards soil sample and weighing box is put into baking oven, dries, be placed on afterwards on balance carry out weighing quality is m_s, utilize formula afterwardsSaturated aqueous rate θ of undisturbed soil sample (12) is tried to achieve in calculating_sat；

Step 5, simulation gangue leachate melt and infiltrate

(1), when the whole ice cube type needing simulation to be prepared by gangue leachate is wait melting when melting simulating process of source, it is only necessary to whole ice cube type source to be melted (11) is placed on undisturbed soil sample (12)；When the medium ice cube type source to be melted that particle diameter is 5cm-10cm needing simulation to be prepared by gangue leachate, particle diameter is the ice cube type source to be melted less than 5cm, and the mixed type combined by different-grain diameter is wait melting when melting simulating process of source, start pulper (H), it is transported in vibrosieve (R) by telescopic transporter (Q) after melting source (11) and blending in pulper (H) by prepared by gangue leachate, telescopic transporter (Q) stretching motion back and forth in cylindrical member (10), along with vibrosieve rotation, thus realize the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate blended is trickled down upper surface at vibrosieve (R) equably, ensure that the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate after blending is the most in heaps and be gathered in vibrosieve (R)；Vibrosieve (R) is set to mobilizable shutter form, can automatically adjust along with the size in the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate, when melting, the opening of shutter is set to maximum, in order to Thermal Control Element (8-3) preferably carries out melting heating；Three blade fans (C) flabellum rotating speed is relatively slow, so that the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate fallen is smooth；Six infrared emissions warning leveling unit (J) constitute one group in pairs, and to realize correlation levelling, can scan the whether level of source to be melted (11) upper surface prepared by gangue leachate in monitoring undisturbed soil sample (12) comprehensively；

(2), computer (7) sends signal and connects the current supply circuit of temperature controller (8-1), thus controls Thermal Control Element (8-3) and be heated to preset experimental temperature T₁Thermal Control Element (8-3) is monitored and with Thermal Control Element (8-3), the signal real-time Transmission monitored is preset experimental temperature T to computer (7), the monitor value that computer (7) is received by temperature controller (8-1) in real time₁Phase comparison, presets experimental temperature T when monitor value reaches Thermal Control Element (8-3)₁Time, computer (7) sends signal to temperature controller (8-1) and disconnects the current supply circuit of Thermal Control Element (8-3), Thermal Control Element (8-3) stops heating, when monitor value presets experimental temperature T less than Thermal Control Element (8-3)₁Time, computer (7) sends signal through microcontroller (7-0) to temperature controller (8-1) and connects the current supply circuit of Thermal Control Element (8-3), Thermal Control Element (8-3) begins to warm up, so that Thermal Control Element (8-3) remains default experimental temperature T₁；Preset experimental temperature T₁In the range of 0 DEG C～80 DEG C；

(3), computer (7) sends signal and arrives cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) from temperature sensing input (7-1) through wire (9) through microcontroller (7-0), control cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) to start working, make undisturbed soil sample (12) reach to preset experimental temperature T₂；During gangue leachate melts simulating, the temperature of neighbouring soil is monitored and with cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6), the signal monitored is preset experimental temperature T to computer (7), the temperature monitoring value that computer (7) is received by humiture outfan (7-2) real-time Transmission of microcontroller (7-0) through wire (9) by Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4-5) in real time that be embedded in undisturbed soil sample (12)₂Phase comparison, when temperature monitoring value presets experimental temperature T higher than cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6)₂Time, computer (7) sends signal control cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) through microcontroller (7-0) to temperature sensing input (7-1) and starts refrigeration, when temperature monitoring value presets experimental temperature T less than cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6)₂Time, computer (7) sends signal control cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) through microcontroller (7-0) to temperature sensing input (7-1) and begins to warm up, so that the temperature of cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) remains default experimental temperature T₂, simulated gangue leachate and melted low temperature Infiltration Condition；Preset experimental temperature T₂In the range of-20 DEG C～20 DEG C；

(4), during simulation gangue leachate melts and infiltrates, do not penetrate into the gangue leachate in undisturbed soil sample (12) and flow out in described liquid outlet (10-1) and flow into run-off measuring cup (13) through plastic flexible pipe (2)；Ooze out the gangue leachate in undisturbed soil sample (12) flow out in described liquid-through hole (1-5) and flow into out milliosmolarity measurement measuring cup (3) through plastic flexible pipe (2)；Melt in infiltration process at gangue leachate, when the difference of the amount of the gangue leachate not penetrated in undisturbed soil sample (12) of two adjacent sampling instants is less than or equal to 1cm³Time, illustrate to have reached gangue leachate and melt and infiltrate stable, stop experiment；Now, check that run-off does not penetrates into the amount of the gangue leachate in undisturbed soil sample (12) in measuring measuring cup (13), and be gangue leachate ablation path flow Q by this read-record_j；Check out that milliosmolarity oozes out the amount of the gangue leachate of undisturbed soil sample (12) in measuring measuring cup (3), and be that gangue leachate melts milliosmolarity Q by this read-record_c；Moisture content θ at upper epidermis when infiltrating stable according to undisturbed soil sample (12), in conjunction with initial aqueous rate θ at undisturbed soil sample (12) upper epidermis_c, thus converse gangue leachate and melt infiltration capacity Q_r；Gangue leachate melts infiltration capacity Q_rWith gangue leachate ablation path flow Q_jAnd be gangue leachate total ablation Q_z；For whole ice cube type source the to be melted total amount Q ' prepared by gangue leachate_z, the volume of gangue leachate at 4 DEG C of correspondence can be scaled and tried to achieve；For the source total amount Q ' to be melted produced by pulper (H)_z, can be by the volume V of gangue leachate at 4 DEG C put into corresponding to the ice cube that prepare of gangue leachate of pulper (H)₁The volume V of gangue leachate at 4 DEG C corresponding to ice cube prepared by gangue leachate with all of residue in pulper (H)₂Difference determine, described ice cube be the length of side be the cube ice cube of 1cm；

Each parameter monitoring in step 6, simulation process

The humiture of the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process is monitored by multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) respectively, and the signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12), moisture signal at multiple test point, and the temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point, moisture signal are recorded as temperature T corresponding to each test point record moment_i, moisture content θ_i；The matric suction of the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process is monitored by multiple soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) respectively, the matric suction signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the matric suction signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and be matric suction F corresponding to each test point record moment by the matric suction signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_a；The concentration of heavy metal ion of the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process is monitored by multiple X-ray fluorescence spectras probe (4-8) respectively, the concentration of heavy metal ion signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7) by microcontroller (7-0), computer (7) receives and records the concentration of heavy metal ion signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and be concentration of heavy metal ion c corresponding to each test point record moment by the concentration of heavy metal ion signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_i；Multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) head height to undisturbed soil sample (12) respectively is monitored obtaining head height h corresponding to each test point record moment_i；

Above-mentioned all of monitoring, its monitoring temporal frequency is provided that gangue leachate infiltrates in 5 minutes, record time interval is 5 seconds, and gangue leachate infiltrates in 5-15 minute, and record time interval is 10 seconds, gangue leachate infiltrates in 15-30 minute, record time interval is 15 seconds, and gangue leachate infiltrates in 30-60 minute, and record time interval is 20 seconds, after gangue leachate infiltrates 60 minutes, record time interval is 60 seconds, until experiment reaches stably latter more than 2-4 hour；

Analysis on monitoring result in step 7, simulation process

Temperature T to a certain moment recorded_i, matric suction F_aWith concentration of heavy metal ion c_iMonitoring Data does interpolation processing, obtains temperature cloud picture, matric suction cloud atlas and concentration of heavy metal ion cloud atlas corresponding to a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12)；Simultaneously to the moisture content θ corresponding to a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12) recorded_iMonitoring Data does interpolation processing, obtains the moisture content cloud atlas that a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12) is corresponding；

Changing Pattern according to moisture content cloud atlas, find out the position of moistening forward corresponding to each moment, the position of described moistening forward refers to the edge of humid zone, and between the non-humid zone in bottom there is the part of substantially sudden change in moisture content, each position line forms moistening front forward line, thus observes the Changing Pattern of moistening forward position t in time；According to moisture content cloud atlas, according to the size of moisture content, find out saturated aqueous rate θ corresponding to each moment_satContour, so that it is determined that fully saturated band, the definition of described fully saturated band is the part that moisture is fully saturated occur in earth pillar upper surface certain depth below；When moistening forward occurs in the same monitoring moment with fully saturated band, described moistening front forward line and saturated aqueous rate θ_satRegion between contour is defined as gangue leachate and infiltrates intermediate zone；

Draw matric suction F_aWith moisture content θ_iGraph of a relation, thus respectively obtain the soil-structure interaction of each soil layer；

Step 8, gangue leachate melt infiltrated water and ablation factor calculates

According to formula Q_r=Q_z-Q_j, it is calculated gangue leachate infiltration capacity Q_r, unit is cm³；Wherein Q_zFor gangue leachate total ablation, unit is cm³；Q_jFor gangue leachate run-off, unit is cm³；

According to formula △ S=Q_r-Q_c, it being calculated the loss amount △ S that gangue leachate infiltrates, unit is cm³；Wherein Q_rFor gangue leachate infiltration capacity, unit is cm³；Q_cGoing out milliosmolarity for gangue leachate, unit is cm³；

According to formula V_r=Q_r/ t is calculated gangue leachate infiltration rate V_r, unit is cm³/s；Wherein Q_rFor gangue leachate infiltration capacity, unit is cm³；T is the experiment test time, and unit is s；

According to formula V_c=Q_c/ t is calculated gangue leachate and goes out to ooze rate V_c, unit is cm³/s；Wherein Q_cGoing out milliosmolarity for gangue leachate, unit is cm³；T is the experiment test time, and unit is s；

According to formula α=Q_c/Q_zBeing calculated gangue leachate and melt infiltrated water α, unit is dimensionless；Wherein Q_cGoing out milliosmolarity for gangue leachate, unit is cm³；Q_zFor gangue leachate total ablation；

According to formula α '=Q_z/Q′_zBeing calculated the source ablation factor α ' to be melted prepared by gangue leachate, unit is dimensionless；Wherein Q_zFor source the to be melted total ablation prepared by gangue leachate, unit is cm³；Q′_zFor source the to be melted total amount prepared by gangue leachate, unit is cm³；

Step 9, Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity calculate

Gangue leachate based on soil column leaching infiltrates, and can be generalized as one-dimensional Vertical Infiltration, and its mathematical model is as follows

$(v_y+\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_y}{dy}dy)dxdz-v_{y}dxdz=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}dxdydz---\left(1\right)$

Darcy law is substituted into above equation (1) obtain

$\frac{d(-kdh/dy)}{dy}=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}---\left(2\right)$

For unsaturated soil, osmotic coefficient k and moisture content existence function relation, so equation (2) can turn to following formula

$k\frac{d^{2}h}{{\mathrm{dy}}^2}+\frac{dk}{dy}\frac{dh}{dy}=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}---\left(3\right)$

The theory proposed according to Fredlund&Morgenstern, the normal stress (σ-u suffered by sample_a) and the change of matric suction value will cause volumetric water content θ_wChange, i.e.

${\mathrm{d\θ}}_w=-{m_1}^{w}d(\mathrm{\σ}-u_a)-m_2^w(u_a-u_w)---\left(4\right)$

In formula: σ total stress；

m₁ ^wWith normal stress (σ-u_a) change the change in volume coefficient of relevant water；

With matric suction (u_a-u_w) change the change in volume coefficient of relevant water；

By equation (4) to time diffusion, meanwhile, not external load effect on soil body unit during unsteady state flow through porous medium, it is assumed that the most constant in non-saturated region gas phase,

$\frac{\∂{\mathrm{\θ}}_w}{\∂t}={\mathrm{\γ}}_w{m}_2^w\frac{\∂h}{\∂t}---\left(5\right)$

Wherein:The i.e. slope of soil-structure interaction；

By (3), (5) Shi Ke get

$k\frac{d^{2}h}{{\mathrm{dy}}^2}+\frac{dk}{dy}\frac{dh}{dy}={\mathrm{\γ}}_w{m}_2^w\frac{\∂h}{\∂t}---\left(6\right)$

Wherein: k is Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity, unit is dimensionless；H is gross head height, and unit is cm；Y is earth pillar measuring point height, and unit is cm；γ_wFor the severe of water, unit is N/m³；For the slope of soil-structure interaction, unit is dimensionless；T is the time, and unit is s；

Try to achieve the Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity k at any time earth pillar arbitrary height according to equation (6), utilize interpolation method to draw its scattergram；

Step 10, hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient calculations

By water balance principle, Water Flux q at arbitrary section y on earth pillar_y, it is represented by

$q_0-q_y=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[{\∫}_0^z\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_2\right)dy-{\∫}_0^z\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_1\right)dy\]---\left(7\right)$

$q_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{1}{2}(q_0^{k+1}+q_0^k)-\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}y}{2\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^{k+1})-\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^k+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^k)\]---\left(8\right)$

In formula: q_yFor the Water Flux at arbitrary section y, cm/d；q₀For the inflow at earth pillar top, cm/d；θ is volumetric water content, cm³/cm³；Δ t is the period, Δ t=t₂-t₁, d；Hop count when k is；

Solute flux J at arbitrary section y on earth pillar_yObtained by the principle of mass conservation

$J_0-J_y=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[{\∫}_0^y\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_2\right)c\left(t_2\right)dy-{\∫}_0^y\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_1\right)k\left(t_2\right)dy\]---\left(9\right)$

$J_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{1}{2}(J_0^{k+1}+J_0^k)-\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}z}{4\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^{k+1})(c_{i+1}^{k+1}+c_i^{k+1})-\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^k+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^k)(c_{i+1}^k+c_i^k)\]---\left(10\right)$

In formula: J_yFor the Solute flux at arbitrary section y, g/ (cm²·d)；J₀For the Solute flux at earth pillar top, g/ (cm²·d)；c_iFor soil liquid concentration, g/cm³；θ is volumetric water content, cm³/cm³；Δ t is the period, Δ t=t₂-t₁, d；Hop count when k is；

According to hydrodynamic dispersion principle, Solute flux is equal to hydrodynamic dispersion flux and convective flux sum, i.e.

$J=-{\mathrm{\θD}}_{sh}\frac{\∂c}{\∂y}+qc---\left(11\right)$

$D_{sh}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\θ}\frac{\∂c}{\∂y}}+(qc-J)---\left(12\right)$

In formula: D_shFor hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient, cm²/d；Remaining symbol is the same.

${\left(D_{sh}\right)}_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{2\mathrm{\Δ}y}{({\mathrm{\θ}}_y^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_y^k)(c_y^{k+1k}-c_y^k)}\[q_y^{k+1/2}(c_y^{k+1}+c_y^k)-J_y^{k+1/2}\]---\left(13\right)$

By above calculateWithSubstitute into above formula and can calculate hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient D_shIf taking a series of y section, a series of D can being calculated_sh, thus by D_shEmpirical equation is fitted to corresponding Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity k or pore velocity v.

Claims (10)

1. gangue leachate melts column simulation system of infiltrating, it is characterised in that include the end Portion's component (1), the soil column leaching of the one or more series connection being connected on bottom member (1) The gangue leachate at standard element (4) and soil column leaching standard element (4) top melts Infiltrate and feed analog (8)；

Described bottom member (1) includes the base (1-1) being positioned at bottom, base (1-1) On collection water spot access out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3), plastic flexible pipe (2) by plastic flexible pipe (2) On be provided with the 3rd flow transducer (3-1), the 3rd flow transducer (3-1) accesses and calculates Machine (7)；Base (1-1) be provided above bearing column (1-2), bearing column (1-2) Top is provided with high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), the surrounding of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) Edge all inwall levels with bottom member (1) pipe fitting (1-7) are close to, high air-entry value potter's clay The top of plate (1-3) is provided with filter paper (1-4), the upper surface of filter paper (1-4) and undisturbed soil Sample (12) contacts；The top of pipe fitting (1-7) is provided with external screw thread linkage section (1-6), outward Threaded section (1-6) is connected with soil column leaching standard element (4) by flange (6)；

Described soil column leaching standard element (4) by two identical semicylinders through clip (4-30) Connected by clip recess (4-3) place of soil column leaching standard element (4) tube wall (4-1) Become a cylinder, the tube wall (4-1) of soil column leaching standard element (4) is provided with circle Aperture (4-4), circular aperture (4-4) and rubber stopper (5-7) with the use of；Multiple earth pillars Threaded section (4-2) of upper and lower side is entered by experimental standard component (4) by flange (6) Row connects；Insert (5) inserts in undisturbed soil sample (12) by rubber stopper (5-7), inserts Enter data all real-time Transmission that part (5) inner sensor gathered to computer (7)；Soil Thermal Conduction suction probe (4-7) is in circular aperture (4-4) inserts undisturbed soil sample (12), native Data all real-time Transmission that earth conduction of heat suction probe (4-7) inner sensor is gathered are to calculating Machine (7)；X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) inserts undisturbed soil through circular aperture (4-4) In sample (12), data all real-time Transmission that X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) is gathered To computer (7)；Multiple pressure-measuring pipe (4-9) it is fixed with on soil column leaching standard element (4), Each water inlet of multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) inserts undisturbed soil sample (12) through circular aperture (4-4) In；Described insert (5) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar, soil heat conduction suction Probe (4-7) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar, X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) Arranging according to same string on earth pillar, pressure-measuring pipe (4-9) is arranged according to same string on earth pillar；

Described gangue leachate melt infiltrate supply analog (8) include being arranged on soil Temperature controller (8-1) outside post and the homoiothermic being connected with it by wire (9) are first Part (8-3), described Thermal Control Element (8-3) is positioned at top cover (8-2) lower section, top cover (8-2) Top be provided with ultrasonic distance-measuring sensor (8-4), top cover (8-2) is positioned at soil column leaching The top of the cylindrical member (10) on standard element (4) top and close contact, cylindrical member (10) have liquid outlet (10-1) outside undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface in, described in go out Liquid mouth (10-1) accesses run-off measuring cup (13), plastic flexible pipe (2) by plastic flexible pipe (2) On be provided with second flow sensor (13-1), described second flow sensor (13-1) lead to Crossing wire (9) and access computer (7), undisturbed soil sample is provided with by bastard coal stranguria caused by urinary stone on (12) Source to be melted (11) prepared by filtrate.

Gangue leachate the most according to claim 1 melts column simulation system of infiltrating, It is characterized in that, described bearing column (1-2) includes bearing column bearing (1-22) and consolidates It is scheduled on bearing column main body (1-21) thereon, described bearing column bearing (1-22) and base (1-1) Be formed in one, bearing column bearing (1-22) earth pillar vertically project according to " center of circle+ Circumference with base (1-1) radius 1/2 as radius is to five equal portions " mode arranges；Bearing column Main body (1-21) length difference makes base (1-1) present the gradient.

Gangue leachate the most according to claim 1 melts column simulation system of infiltrating, It is characterized in that, described earth pillar bottom member (1), soil column leaching standard element (4) and Cylindrical member (10) is made by high temperature resistant glass fibre reinforced plastic.

Gangue leachate the most according to claim 1 melts column simulation system of infiltrating, It is characterized in that, syringe needle (5-6) is inserted in being provided with foremost of described insert (5), The corner of insert (5) internal pipeline is provided with rubber sheet gasket (5-1), in internal pipeline Being provided with expelling means (5-2), expelling means (5-2) includes that Temperature Humidity Sensor pops one's head in (4-5) Or cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6), expelling means (5-2) rear end and wire (9) are carried out even Connecing, the afterbody of expelling means (5-2) is arranged with light spring (5-4), light spring (5-4) End be provided with prober controller (5-5), the stage casing, outside of insert (5) is provided with gear Plate (5-3).

Gangue leachate the most according to claim 1 melts column simulation system of infiltrating, It is characterized in that, described circular aperture (4-4) shape size is consistent with rubber stopper (5-7) And be tightly combined, arrangement mode is: is separated by arrangement on Zong Xiang and follows upper tightly lower sparse principle, horizontal Arrangement is divided upwards about soil column leaching standard element (4) outer circumference 8 grade.

Gangue leachate the most according to claim 1 melts column simulation system of infiltrating, It is characterized in that, described clip (4-30) is formed by two halves circular steel ring (4-34) and is led to Crossing rivet (4-35) riveting of one end, the other end joint (4-33) of clip (4-30) leads to Cross lead screw (4-31) and nut (4-32) regulate the tightness of clip (4-30), The standard cylindrical member of making is combined closely.

Gangue leachate the most according to claim 1 melts column simulation system of infiltrating, It is characterized in that, described flange (6) inner side is provided with flange screw thread (6-1), flange (6) Two ends be provided with swing handle (6-2).

Gangue leachate the most according to claim 1 melts column simulation system of infiltrating, It is characterized in that, the signal end of described computer (7) and the signal of microcontroller (7-0) End is connected, and microcontroller (7-0) is provided with temperature sensing input (7-1), humiture is visited Survey outfan (7-2), matric suction detection outfan (7-3) and concentration of heavy metal ion prison Measured value outfan (7-4)；Temperature sensing input (7-1) connects cold and hot one through wire (9) Body hardware (4-6), humiture detection outfan (7-2) connects warm and humid through wire (9) Degree sensor probe (4-5), matric suction detection outfan (7-3) connects through wire (9) Soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7), concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4) X-ray fluorescence spectra probe (4-8) is connected through wire (9).

Gangue leachate the most according to claim 1 melts column simulation system of infiltrating, It is characterized in that, the described source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate includes four kinds of shapes State, whole ice cube type source to be melted, particle diameter are the medium ice cube type source to be melted of 5cm-10cm, particle diameter Treat for the ice cube type source to be melted less than 5cm and the mixed type that combined by different-grain diameter Melt source；At cylindrical member (10) and source to be melted (11) upper surface prepared by gangue leachate On cylindrical member (10) outer wall that residing horizontal plane intersects circumferential six deciles be provided with six red Outer correlation warning leveling unit (J)；Gangue leachate melts to infiltrate and feeds analog (8) Side be provided with pulper (H), the telescopic transporter of outlet of pulper (H) (Q), the transportation section of telescopic transporter (Q) is communicated in cylindrical member (10), In cylindrical member (10) and telescopic transporter (Q) lower section is provided with vibrosieve (R), The lower section of vibrosieve (R) is provided with, by fan fixed structure B, three be made up of flexible plastic Blade fan (C), vibrosieve (R) is mobilizable shutter form.

10. infiltrate column simulation based on the gangue leachate described in any of the above-described claims The characteristic parameter assay method of system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

Step one, assembling soil column leaching standard element

Respectively two pieces of semicylinder tube walls (4-1) of soil column leaching standard element (4) are carried out Splicing, seals and water-proofing treatment, then the seam of soil column leaching standard element (4) Clip (4-30) is enclosed within clip recess (4-3), and is tightly placed in screw by spanner Nut (4-32) on rod member (4-31), makes clip (4-30) be enclosed within clip securely recessed On groove (4-3), then multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) are gone here and there by flange (6) Connection realizes longitudinal spliced；

Step 2, installation undisturbed soil sample

Choose preprepared undisturbed soil sample (12), undisturbed soil sample (12) is erected at ground On, the multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) connected are entangled undisturbed soil sample (12), To seal between undisturbed soil sample (12) and soil column leaching standard element (4) and water-proofing treatment guarantor During card subsequent experimental, gangue leachate does not directly flow down from gap；

Step 3, assembling soil column leaching instrument and equipment

First base (1-1) is positioned on level ground, then by bearing column main body (1-21) It is mounted on the bearing column bearing (1-22) of correspondence, by high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) water Keep flat and be placed in bearing column main body (1-21) top, on described high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) Surface is equipped with filter paper (1-4), described bearing column main body (1-21), high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), filter paper (1-4) is respectively positioned on pipe fitting (1-7) inside；Install at catchment lowest order Put the external plastic flexible pipe of a liquid outlet (2), by another termination of described plastic flexible pipe (2) Entering out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3), wherein said plastic flexible pipe (2) is upper installs the 3rd flow transducer (3-1), described 3rd flow transducer (3-1) accesses computer (7) by wire (9), Then the flange screw thread (6-1) of flange (6) is directed at external screw thread linkage section (1-6), passes through Flange (6) is closely installed at bottom member (1) top by swing handle (6-2), so After the undisturbed soil sample (12) that entangles together with it of soil column leaching standard element that splicing is assembled By the bottom thread linkage section (4-2) of soil column leaching standard element (4) and described bottom structure The flange screw thread (6-1) of the flange (6) of part (1) upper end assembles, and makes splicing assemble The undisturbed soil sample (12) that entangles together with it of soil column leaching standard element be positioned at bottom member (1) surface of filter paper (1-4), finally by flange (6) by cylindrical member (10) It is attached；

Step 4, the original state of mensuration undisturbed soil sample

The initial aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) Respectively the humidity of undisturbed soil sample (12) is once monitored, and the signal monitored is passed to Microcontroller (7-0), microcontroller (7-0) is by real by serial communication circuit for monitoring signal Time be transferred to computer (7), computer (7) receives and records undisturbed soil at multiple test point The moisture signal of sample (12), and by the moisture signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point It is recorded as initial aqueous rate θ of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_c；

The initial temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) point The other temperature to undisturbed soil sample (12) is once monitored, and passes to micro-by the signal monitored Controller (7-0), microcontroller (7-0) is by real-time by serial communication circuit for monitoring signal Being transferred to computer (7), computer (7) receives and records undisturbed soil sample at multiple test point (12) temperature signal, and by the temperature signal note of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point Record is initial temperature T of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point_c；

The matric suction of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) Respectively the matric suction of undisturbed soil sample (12) is once monitored, and the signal that will monitor Passing to microcontroller (7-0), microcontroller (7-0) is by electric by serial communication for monitoring signal Road real-time Transmission is to computer (7), and computer (7) receives and record at multiple test point former The matric suction signal of shape soil sample (12), and by undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point Matric suction signal record is the initial substrate suction of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point F_ac；

The concentration of heavy metal ion background values of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple X-ray fluorescence spectras Undisturbed soil sample (12) concentration of heavy metal ion of original state is carried out by probe (4-8) respectively Monitoring, passes to microcontroller (7-0), microcontroller by the concentration of heavy metal ion signal monitored Monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7), meter by device (7-0) It is dense that calculation machine (7) receives and record the heavy metal ion of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point Degree signal, and by the concentration of heavy metal ion signal note of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point Record is each test point concentration of heavy metal ion background values c；

The head height of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) are respectively to undisturbed soil sample (12) head height is monitored obtaining head height corresponding to each test point starting stage h_c；

The saturated aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12): by the sampling spot band of undisturbed soil sample (12) Other soil sample returned carries out saturated aqueous rate mensuration, as the saturated aqueous of undisturbed soil sample (12) Rate；Soil sampling puts into weighing box, for its water filling until water surface submergence soil sample, submergence 10 points Being removed by unnecessary water after clock, quality is called m, afterwards soil sample and weighing box is put into baking oven In, dry, be placed on afterwards on balance carry out weighing quality is m_s, profit afterwards Use formulaSaturated aqueous rate θ of undisturbed soil sample (12) is tried to achieve in calculating_sat；

Step 5, simulation gangue leachate melt and infiltrate

(1), melting when the whole ice cube type source to be melted needing simulation to be prepared by gangue leachate During simulating process, it is only necessary to whole ice cube type source to be melted (11) is placed on undisturbed soil sample (12) On；When the medium ice cube that particle diameter is 5cm-10cm needing simulation to be prepared by gangue leachate Type source to be melted, particle diameter are the ice cube type source to be melted less than 5cm and are combined by different-grain diameter Mixed type wait melting when melting simulating process of source, start pulper (H), by coal Prepared by spoil leachate passing through after melting source (11) and blending in pulper (H) is telescopic Transporter (Q) is transported in vibrosieve (R), and telescopic transporter (Q) is at cylinder Stretching motion back and forth in component (10), along with vibrosieve rotation, thus realizes blending It is upper that the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate is trickled down in vibrosieve (R) equably Surface, it is ensured that source to be melted (11) gathering the most in heaps prepared by gangue leachate after blending At vibrosieve (R)；Vibrosieve (R) is set to mobilizable shutter form, it is possible to along with The size in the source to be melted (11) prepared by gangue leachate automatically adjusts, when entering When row melts, the opening of shutter is set to maximum, in order to Thermal Control Element (8-3) is preferably Carry out melting heating；Three blade fans (C) flabellum rotating speed is relatively slow so that fall by bastard coal Source to be melted (11) prepared by stranguria caused by urinary stone filtrate is smooth；Six infrared emissions warning leveling unit (J) Constituting one group in pairs, to realize correlation levelling, can scan in monitoring undisturbed soil sample (12) comprehensively Source to be melted (11) upper surface prepared by gangue leachate whether level；

(2), computer (7) send signal connect temperature controller (8-1) current supply circuit, Thus control Thermal Control Element (8-3) and be heated to preset experimental temperature T₁, temperature controller (8-1) Thermal Control Element (8-3) is monitored in real time and by the signal real-time Transmission monitored to calculating Machine (7), the monitor value that computer (7) is received and Thermal Control Element (8-3) are preset real Test temperature T₁Phase comparison, presets experimental temperature T when monitor value reaches Thermal Control Element (8-3)₁Time, Computer (7) sends signal to temperature controller (8-1) and disconnects Thermal Control Element (8-3) Current supply circuit, Thermal Control Element (8-3) stops heating, when monitor value is less than Thermal Control Element (8-3) Preset experimental temperature T₁Time, computer (7) through microcontroller (7-0) to temperature controller (8-1) Sending signal and connect the current supply circuit of Thermal Control Element (8-3), Thermal Control Element (8-3) starts to add Heat, so that Thermal Control Element (8-3) remains default experimental temperature T₁；Preset experimental temperature T₁In the range of 0 DEG C～80 DEG C；

(3), computer (7) sends signal through microcontroller (7-0) from temperature sensing input End (7-1) arrives cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) through wire (9), controls cold-hot integrated Hardware (4-6) is started working, and makes undisturbed soil sample (12) reach to preset experimental temperature T₂； During gangue leachate melts simulating, it is embedded in the humiture of undisturbed soil sample (12) The letter that the temperature of neighbouring soil is monitored and will be monitored by sensor probe (4-5) in real time Number passed in real time by the humiture outfan (7-2) of microcontroller (7-0) through wire (9) It is defeated by computer (7), temperature monitoring value that computer (7) is received and cold-hot integrated Experimental temperature T preset by hardware (4-6)₂Phase comparison, when temperature monitoring value is higher than cold and hot one Experimental temperature T preset by body hardware (4-6)₂Time, computer (7) is through microcontroller (7-0) Send signal control cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) to temperature sensing input (7-1) to open Begin refrigeration, when temperature monitoring value presets experimental temperature less than cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) T₂Time, computer (7) is sent out to temperature sensing input (7-1) through microcontroller (7-0) Go out signal control cold-hot integrated hardware (4-6) to begin to warm up, so that cold-hot integrated is golden The temperature belonging to element (4-6) remains default experimental temperature T₂, simulated gangue leaching Liquid melts low temperature Infiltration Condition；Preset experimental temperature T₂In the range of-20 DEG C～20 DEG C；

(4), during simulation gangue leachate melts and infiltrates, undisturbed soil sample is not penetrated into (12) the gangue leachate in flows out and soft through plastics in described liquid outlet (10-1) Pipe (2) flows into run-off measuring cup (13)；Ooze out the gangue leaching in undisturbed soil sample (12) Liquid flows out in described liquid-through hole (1-5) and flows into out milliosmolarity through plastic flexible pipe (2) to be measured Measuring cup (3)；Melt in infiltration process at gangue leachate, when two adjacent sampling instants The difference of amount of the gangue leachate not penetrated in undisturbed soil sample (12) less than or equal to 1cm³ Time, illustrate to have reached gangue leachate and melt and infiltrate stable, stop experiment；Now, check Run-off does not penetrates into the gangue leachate in undisturbed soil sample (12) in measuring measuring cup (13) Amount, and be gangue leachate ablation path flow Q by this read-record_j；Check out that milliosmolarity is measured The amount of the gangue leachate of undisturbed soil sample (12) is oozed out in measuring cup (3), and by this reading It is recorded as gangue leachate and melts milliosmolarity Q_c；When infiltrating stable according to undisturbed soil sample (12) Moisture content θ at upper epidermis, in conjunction with initial aqueous rate θ at undisturbed soil sample (12) upper epidermis_c, Thus converse gangue leachate and melt infiltration capacity Q_r；Gangue leachate melts infiltration capacity Q_rWith gangue leachate ablation path flow Q_jAnd be gangue leachate total ablation Q_z； For whole ice cube type source the to be melted total amount Q ' prepared by gangue leachate_z, it is right to be scaled At 4 DEG C answered, the volume of gangue leachate is tried to achieve；For treating of being produced by pulper (H) Melt source total amount Q '_z, the ice cube institute can prepared by the gangue leachate putting into pulper (H) is right The volume V of gangue leachate at 4 DEG C answered₁With all of residue in pulper (H) by coal The volume V of gangue leachate at corresponding to ice cube prepared by spoil leachate 4 DEG C₂Difference Determine, described ice cube be the length of side be the cube ice cube of 1cm；

Each parameter monitoring in step 6, simulation process

Multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) are respectively to the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process Humiture be monitored, and the signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), microcontroller Monitoring signal is passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7), meter by device (7-0) Calculation machine (7) receives and records the temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, humidity letter Number, and the temperature of undisturbed soil sample (12), moisture signal at each test point are recorded as each Temperature T that the test point record moment is corresponding_i, moisture content θ_i；Multiple soil heat conduction suction are popped one's head in (4-7) respectively the matric suction of the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process is monitored, The matric suction signal monitored is passed to microcontroller (7-0), and microcontroller (7-0) will Monitoring signal is connect to computer (7), computer (7) by serial communication circuit real-time Transmission Receive and record the matric suction signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test point, and each is surveyed At pilot, the matric suction signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) is each test point record moment pair The matric suction F answered_a；Multiple X-ray fluorescence spectras probe (4-8) are respectively to simulation process In the concentration of heavy metal ion of undisturbed soil sample (12) be monitored, the heavy metal that will monitor Ion concentration signal passes to microcontroller (7-0), and monitoring signal is led to by microcontroller (7-0) Crossing serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7), computer (7) receives and records many The concentration of heavy metal ion signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at individual test point, and by each test point The concentration of heavy metal ion signal record at place's undisturbed soil sample (12) is each test point record moment Corresponding concentration of heavy metal ion c_i；Multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) are respectively to undisturbed soil sample (12) Head height be monitored obtaining head height h corresponding to each test point record moment_i；

Above-mentioned all of monitoring, its monitoring temporal frequency is provided that gangue leachate infiltrates In 5 minutes, record time interval is 5 seconds, and gangue leachate infiltrates in 5-15 minute, Record time interval is 10 seconds, and gangue leachate infiltrates in 15-30 minute, records the time Being spaced apart 15 seconds, gangue leachate infiltrates in 30-60 minute, and record time interval is 20 Second, after gangue leachate infiltrates 60 minutes, record time interval is 60 seconds, until experiment Reach stably latter more than 2-4 hour；

Analysis on monitoring result in step 7, simulation process

Temperature T to a certain moment recorded_i, matric suction F_aWith concentration of heavy metal ion c_i Monitoring Data does interpolation processing, obtains the temperature cloud corresponding to a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12) Figure, matric suction cloud atlas and concentration of heavy metal ion cloud atlas；Simultaneously to a certain moment recorded Moisture content θ corresponding to undisturbed soil sample (12)_iMonitoring Data does interpolation processing, obtains certain for the moment Carve the moisture content cloud atlas that undisturbed soil sample (12) is corresponding；

According to the Changing Pattern of moisture content cloud atlas, find out moistening forward's corresponding to each moment Position, the position of described moistening forward refers to the edge of humid zone, humid zone non-with bottom it Between moisture content there is the part of substantially sudden change, each position line forms moistening front forward line, thus sees Examine the Changing Pattern of moistening forward position t in time；According to moisture content cloud atlas, according to moisture content Size, find out saturated aqueous rate θ corresponding to each moment_satContour, so that it is determined that Fully saturated band, the definition of described fully saturated band is appearance in earth pillar upper surface certain depth below The part that moisture is fully saturated；When moistening forward occurs in the same monitoring moment with fully saturated band Time, described moistening front forward line and saturated aqueous rate θ_satRegion between contour is defined as coal Spoil leachate infiltrates intermediate zone；

Draw matric suction F_aWith moisture content θ_iGraph of a relation, thus respectively obtain the soil of each soil layer -water characteristic curve；

Step 8, gangue leachate melt infiltrated water and ablation factor calculates

According to formula Q_r=Q_z-Q_j, it is calculated gangue leachate infiltration capacity Q_r, unit is cm³；Wherein Q_zFor gangue leachate total ablation, unit is cm³；Q_jFor gangue leaching Liquid run-off, unit is cm³；

According to formula △ S=Q_r-Q_c, it is calculated the loss amount △ S that gangue leachate infiltrates, Unit is cm³；Wherein Q_rFor gangue leachate infiltration capacity, unit is cm³；Q_cFor gangue Leachate goes out milliosmolarity, and unit is cm³；

According to formula V_r=Q_r/ t is calculated gangue leachate infiltration rate V_r, unit is cm³/s；Wherein Q_rFor gangue leachate infiltration capacity, unit is cm³；When t is experiment test Between, unit is s；

According to formula V_c=Q_c/ t is calculated gangue leachate and goes out to ooze rate V_c, unit is cm³/s； Wherein Q_cGoing out milliosmolarity for gangue leachate, unit is cm³；T is the experiment test time, single Position is s；

According to formula α=Q_c/Q_zIt is calculated gangue leachate and melts infiltrated water α, unit For dimensionless；Wherein Q_cGoing out milliosmolarity for gangue leachate, unit is cm³；Q_zFor gangue Leachate total ablation；

According to formula α '=Q_z/Q′_zIt is calculated the source to be melted prepared by gangue leachate to melt Rate a ', unit is dimensionless；Wherein Q_zSource to be melted for being prepared by gangue leachate always disappears The amount of melting, unit is cm³；Q′_zFor source the to be melted total amount prepared by gangue leachate, unit is cm³；

Step 9, Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity calculate

Gangue leachate based on soil column leaching infiltrates, and can be generalized as one-dimensional Vertical Infiltration, Its mathematical model is as follows

$(v_y+\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_y}{dy}dy)dxdz-v_{y}dxdz=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}dxdydz---\left(1\right)$

Darcy law is substituted into above equation (1) obtain

$\frac{d(-kdh/dy)}{dy}=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}---\left(2\right)$

For unsaturated soil, osmotic coefficient k and moisture content existence function relation, so equation (2) Following formula can be turned to

$k\frac{d^{2}h}{{\mathrm{dy}}^2}+\frac{dk}{dy}\frac{dh}{dy}=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}---\left(3\right)$

The theory proposed according to Fredlund&Morgenstern, the normal direction suffered by sample Stress (σ-u_a) and the change of matric suction value will cause volumetric water content θ_wChange, i.e.

${\mathrm{d\θ}}_w=-{m_1}^{w}d(\mathrm{\σ}-u_a)-m_2^w(u_a-u_w)---\left(4\right)$

In formula: σ total stress；

m₁ ^wWith normal stress (σ-u_a) change the change in volume coefficient of relevant water；

With matric suction (u_a-u_w) change the change in volume coefficient of relevant water；

By equation (4) to time diffusion, meanwhile, during unsteady state flow through porous medium on soil body unit Not external load effect, it is assumed that the most constant in non-saturated region gas phase,

$\frac{\∂{\mathrm{\θ}}_w}{\∂t}={\mathrm{\γ}}_w{m}_2^w\frac{\∂h}{\∂t}---\left(5\right)$

Wherein:The i.e. slope of soil-structure interaction；

By (3), (5) Shi Ke get

$k\frac{d^{2}h}{{\mathrm{dy}}^2}+\frac{dk}{dy}\frac{dh}{dy}={\mathrm{\γ}}_w{m}_2^w\frac{\∂h}{\∂t}---\left(6\right)$

Wherein: k is Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity, unit is dimensionless；H is gross head height, Unit is cm；Y is earth pillar measuring point height, and unit is cm；γ_wFor the severe of water, unit is N/m³；For the slope of soil-structure interaction, unit is dimensionless；T is the time, and unit is s；

The Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity k at any time earth pillar arbitrary height is tried to achieve according to equation (6), Interpolation method is utilized to draw its scattergram；

Step 10, hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient calculations

By water balance principle, Water Flux q at arbitrary section y on earth pillar_y, it is represented by

$q_0-q_y=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[{\∫}_0^z\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_2\right)dy-{\∫}_0^z\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_1\right)dy\]---\left(7\right)$

$q_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{1}{2}(q_0^{k+1}+q_0^k)-\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}y}{2\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^{k+1})-\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^k+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^k)\]---\left(8\right)$

In formula: q_yFor the Water Flux at arbitrary section y, cm/d；q₀For entering of earth pillar top The water yield, cm/d；θ is volumetric water content, cm³/cm³；Δ t is the period, Δ t=t₂-t₁, d；K is Time hop count；

Solute flux J at arbitrary section y on earth pillar_yObtained by the principle of mass conservation

$J_0-J_y=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[{\∫}_0^y\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_2\right)c\left(t_2\right)dy-{\∫}_0^y\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_1\right)c\left(t_2\right)dy\]---\left(9\right)$

$J_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{1}{2}(J_0^{k+1}+J_0^k)-\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}z}{4\mathrm{\Δ}t}\[\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^{k+1})(c_{i+1}^{k+1}+c_i^{k+1})-\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^k+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^k)(c_{i+1}^k+c_i^k)\]---\left(10\right)$

In formula: J_yFor the Solute flux at arbitrary section y, g/ (cm²·d)；J₀For earth pillar top The Solute flux in portion, g/ (cm²·d)；c_iFor soil liquid concentration, g/cm³；θ is that volume contains Water rate, cm³/cm³；Δ t is the period, Δ t=t₂-t₁, d；Hop count when k is；

According to hydrodynamic dispersion principle, Solute flux is equal to hydrodynamic dispersion flux and convective flux Sum, i.e.

$J=-{\mathrm{\θD}}_{sh}\frac{\∂c}{\∂y}+qc---\left(11\right)$

$D_{sh}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\θ}\frac{\∂c}{\∂y}}+(qc-J)---\left(12\right)$

In formula: D_shFor hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient, cm²/d；Remaining symbol is the same；

${\left(D_{sh}\right)}_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{2\mathrm{\Δ}y}{({\mathrm{\θ}}_y^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_y^k)(c_y^{k+1}-c_y^k)}\[q_y^{k+1/2}(c_y^{k+1}+c_y^k)-J_y^{k+1/2}\]---\left(13\right)$

By above calculateWithSubstitute into above formula and can calculate hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient D_shIf taking a series of y section, a series of D can being calculated_sh, thus by D_shNon-with corresponding Saturation permeability coefficient k or pore velocity v fits to empirical equation.