CN205898790U - Multiple intensity gangue leachate of modularization infiltrates native column experiment device - Google Patents

Abstract

Multiple intensity gangue leachate of modularization infiltrates native column experiment device is including bottom component, the native column experiment standard components who connects the one or more series connection on bottom component and the multiple intensity gangue leachate infiltration replenishment analogue means at native column experiment standard components top, native component is adorned for a plurality of standard components and by computer automation control to the experimental apparatus to realizing the survey of feature parameter adopting large diameter undisturbed soil column to carry out laboratory experiment during survey based on the device, utilizing three kinds of water conservancy boundary condition of multiple intensity gangue leachate infiltration replenishment analogue means simulation, low -intensity gangue leachate infiltrates boundary condition, medium strength gangue leachate entirely promptly has the runoff to infiltrate boundary condition and the stable boundary condition that infiltrates of high strength gangue leachate, the utility model has the characteristics of the practicality is strong, excellent in use effect, convenient to popularize and use.

Description

Modularity multiple intensity gangue leachate infiltrates soil column leaching device

Technical field

This utility model belongs to environmental mining protection field, particularly to a kind of modularity multiple intensity gangue leachate Infiltrate soil column leaching device.

Background technology

Precipitation is primarily referred to as rainfall and snowfall, and moisture reaches ground from air in a variety of manners, and the precipitation of other forms is also Including dew, frost, hail etc..Precipitation is the important step of hydrologic cycle, is also the basic source of mankind's water.Precipitation data is analysis Rationally big vast low water feelings, the basis of basin damage caused by a drought, is also the planning and designing developing as controlled flood, generating electricity, irrigate etc. of water resource Basis with management application.The process of precipitation recharge of phreatic water is that atmospheric water mutually turns to the soil water to subsoil water " three water " Change one of most basic link in relation, precipitation infiltration is precipitation recharges amount to the increment of subsoil water, and it is subsoil water Main supply mode, meanwhile, is also the important balance element of one of regional water equilibrium calculation.

Gangue is a kind of mixture, typically by the carbonolite discharged in coal mining process and coal preparation plant's production process, shale Rock, arenaceous rock, siltstone and a small amount of limestone are referred to as gangue, and it is the garbage of discharge in coal mining and the course of processing. The processing mode of China's gangue is mainly air storage at present, and burden has reached more than 4,100,000,000 tons, and every year still with hundred million tons Above speed increase.Gangue forms acid water under rainwater eluviation, makes substantial amounts of float, Organic substance to ambient water Environment causes severe contamination, is one of subject matter of mine environmental pollution.Heavy metal element toxicity in leachate is very strong, dirty Dye is serious, and biological and human health all can be worked the mischief, and can migrate to phreatic water after entering soil.Gangue leachate Infiltrating migration process is various ingredients and the problem of multiphase porous flow.

Soil column leaching is widely used in the research fields such as agricultural, forestry, geology, building and environment.Application soil column leaching Can be in experiment lab simulation soil moisture and contaminant transportation rule.Earth pillar is generally divided into soil column and disturbance earth pillar two Kind.Soil column can be used for testing structure and its physical property of the soil body itself；Current soil column leaching typically adopts disturbed soil Post, disturbance earth pillar is to be formed through screening, or mixes what filling was formed according to a certain percentage, and it can not be used for testing the soil body The architectural characteristic of itself.No matter tested using which kind of earth pillar, all there is problems in that the 1. native component single-unit of soil column leaching dress Length is big, and convenience is poor, so that earth pillar installation difficulty, the cleaning to instrument brings inconvenience；2. monitoring device installation is loaded down with trivial details, needs Earth pillar is holed, to destroy it structural；3. monitoring device is generally artificial observation so that experimental precision is low, artificial property By force.

Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity and hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient are Water Transport and solute conveyings in description unsaturated soil Important function relation, is Soil Slope Stability, solid wastes landfill site, the migration of underground sewage and work of banketing under analysis precipitation condition The important parameter of the problems such as journey.Due to there being the presence of matric suction in unsaturated soil, determine gangue leachate Infiltration Condition Under characteristic parameter there is larger difficulty.The mensure of Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity and hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient both can in laboratory, Also can carry out at the scene.The advantage of laboratory experiment is can to test undisturbed sample under the hydraulic boundary conditions setting and reinvent sample Characteristic parameter, simultaneously compared with in-situ bioremediation, laboratory experiment cycle is short, economical and more ripe.But it is typically due to unsaturated soil Composition, structure and environmental effect difference, result in small specimen used by laboratory experiment and be difficult to represent the reality of the real soil body Situation.

Content of the invention

In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of modularity multiple intensity Gangue leachate infiltrates soil column leaching device, and the soil column based on major diameter carries out laboratory experiment, using multiple intensity coals Spoil leachate infiltrates supply analog (c), and the native component of experimental provision dress is for multiple standard elements and by computer automation Control, and measured based on the arrangement achieves characteristic parameter, have practical, using effect is good, be easy to promote the use of Feature.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is:

Modularity multiple intensity gangue leachate infiltrates soil column leaching device, including bottom member (1), is connected to bottom The soil column leaching standard element (4) of the one or more series connection on component (1) and soil column leaching standard element (4) top many Plant intensity gangue leachate and infiltrate supply analog (c)；

Described bottom member (1) includes the base (1-1) positioned at bottom, and the collection water spot on base (1-1) passes through to mould Material flexible pipe (2) accesses out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3), and plastic flexible pipe (2) is provided with the 3rd flow transducer (3-1), and the 3rd flow passes Sensor (3-1) accesses computer (7)；The top of base (1-1) is provided with bearing column (1-2), the top setting of bearing column (1-2) Have high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), the surrounding edge of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) all with bottom member (1) pipe fitting (1-7) Inwall level is close to, and the top of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is provided with filter paper (1-4), the upper surface of filter paper (1-4) and original state Soil sample (12) contacts；The top of pipe fitting (1-7) is provided with external screw thread linkage section (1-6), and external screw thread linkage section (1-6) passes through flange (6) it is connected with soil column leaching standard element (4)；

Described soil column leaching standard element (4) passes through soil column leaching mark by two identical semicylinders through clip (4-30) Clip recess (4-3) place of quasi- component (4) tube wall (4-1) connects into a cylinder, the tube wall of soil column leaching standard element (4) (4-1) it is provided with circular aperture (4-4) on, circular aperture (4-4) is used cooperatively with rubber stopper (5-7)；Multiple soil column leaching marks Threaded section (4-2) of upper and lower side is attached by quasi- component (4) by flange (6)；Insert (5) passes through rubber stopper (5- 7), in insertion undisturbed soil sample (12), data all real-time Transmission that insert (5) inner sensor is gathered are to computer (7)；Soil Conduction of heat suction probe (4-7) is through, in circular aperture (4-4) insertion undisturbed soil sample (12), soil heat conduction suction pops one's head in (4-7) The data that inner sensor is gathered all real-time Transmission are to computer (7)；X-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) is through circular aperture (4- 4), in insertion undisturbed soil sample (12), data all real-time Transmission that x-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) is gathered are to computer (7)； Multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) are fixed with soil column leaching standard element (4), each water inlet of multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) is through circle In aperture (4-4) insertion undisturbed soil sample (12)；Described insert (5) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar, soil heat conduction Suction probe (4-7) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar, and x-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) is on earth pillar according to same row Arrangement, pressure-measuring pipe (4-9) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar；

Described bearing column (1-2) includes load pillar support (1-22) and bearing column main body (1- fixed thereon 21), described load pillar support (1-22) and base (1-1) are formed in one, and load pillar support (1-22) vertically projects in earth pillar Arrange according to " circumference in center of circle+with base (1-1) radius 1/2 as radius is to five equal portions " mode；Bearing column main body (1- 21) length difference make base (1-1) present the gradient '

Described bottom member (1), soil column leaching standard element (4) and cylindrical member (10) are by pyroceram steel Become；

Described insert (5) be provided with insertion needle (5-6), the corner of insert (5) internal pipeline foremost It is provided with rubber sheet gasket (5-1), in internal pipeline, is provided with expelling means (5-2), expelling means (5-2) include Temperature Humidity Sensor and visit Head (4-5), expelling means (5-2) rear end is attached with wire (9), and the afterbody of expelling means (5-2) is arranged with light spring (5- 4), the end of light spring (5-4) is provided with prober controller (5-5), and the outside stage casing of insert (5) is provided with baffle plate (5- 3)；

Described circular aperture (4-4) shape size is consistent with rubber stopper (5-7) and is tightly combined, and arrangement mode is: vertical It is separated by arrangement upwards and follows upper tightly lower sparse principle, transversely divide arrangement around soil column leaching standard element (4) outer circumference 8 grade；

Described clip (4-30) is made up of two halves circular steel ring (4-34) and by rivet (4-35) riveting of one end, card Another end connector (4-33) of hoop (4-30) passes through lead screw (4-31) and nut (4-32) to adjust the elastic of clip (4-30) Degree, the standard cylindrical member of making is combined closely；

It is provided with flange screw thread (6-1), the two ends of flange (6) are provided with swing handle (6-2) inside described flange (6)；

The described signal end of computer (7) is connected with the signal end of microcontroller (7-0), and microcontroller (7-0) is arranged Humiture is had to detect outfan (7-2), matric suction detection outfan (7-3) and concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4)；Humiture detects outfan (7-2) and connects Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4-5) through wire (9), and matric suction detects defeated Go out end (7-3) and connect soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7), concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4) through wire (9) Connect x-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) through wire (9)；

Multiple intensity gangue leachates infiltrate supply analog (c) inclusion low-intensity gangue leachate and entirely enter impregnation Runoff is had to infiltrate supply analog (17) and high intensity gangue leaching to analog (16), middle intensity gangue leachate Liquid stably infiltrates supply analog (14)；

Described low-intensity gangue leachate entirely infiltrates supply analog (16) and includes outside quarter graduated bastard coal Stranguria caused by urinary stone filtrate tank (16-1), the lower section of gangue leachate bucket (16-1) is passed through tube for transfusion (16-12) and is sprayed with gangue leachate Head (16-9) connection, gangue leachate shower nozzle (16-9) is arranged at the cylindrical member on soil column leaching standard element (4) top (10) top, exceeds undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface 2-5 centimeters and is provided with shock plate (a) resistant to pressure in cylindrical member (10), It is provided with sieve aperture on shock plate (a) resistant to pressure；Light plastic piece (16- is provided with the liquid level in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) 8), described light plastic piece (16-8) form is setting in thin discs, the circular groove above described light plastic piece (16-8) Have a permanent magnet (16-7), permanent magnet (16-7) be arranged above the electric coil (16-6) that bracing wire (16-3) is hung, electricity Coil (16-6) is circumscribed with wire (9), and the upper end of bracing wire (16-3) twines on runner (16-2), and runner (16-2) is provided with handle Handss (16-4), runner (16-2) upper end bracing wire (16-3) is by putting forth effort under the aperture of component (16-11) and water check valve (16-5) Portion is connected, and water check valve (16-5) lower end is provided with light spring (16-10), and described cylindrical member (10) is controlled with u-shaped head Pipe (10-2) is connected, and light plastic piece (16-8), permanent magnet (16-7) and electric coil (16-6) are all in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) motion in chute (16-13)；Described chute (16-13) is embedded in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) inwall, described electric wire Circle (16-6) is provided with slide rail (16-14) according to edge trisection, and described slide rail (16-14) can in chute (16-13) certainly By moving up and down；Described low-intensity gangue leachate entirely infiltrates supply analog (16) and controls undisturbed soil sample (12) surface The liquid level of liquid is less than 1mm；

Described middle intensity gangue leachate have runoff infiltrate supply analog (17) include be arranged on cylindrical member (10) gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) in and the circular aperture being arranged on gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) bottom (17-10), exceed undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface 2-5 centimeters in cylindrical member (10) and be provided with shock plate (a) resistant to pressure, resist Sieve aperture is provided with hydraulic pressure shock plate (a)；The top of described gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) is provided with pressure control pipe (17-8) feed tube (17-7) and with outside gangue leachate being connected；It is provided with into liquid electromagnetic on described feed tube (17-7) Valve (17-2), liquid feeding pump (17-1) and the first flow sensor (17- for the amount of gangue leachate is carried out with real-time monitoring 3)；Electromagnetic pressure control valve (17-5) is provided with described gangue leachate container inner pressure control pipe (17-8) and pressure passes Sensor (17-6), the afterbody of described gangue leachate container inner pressure control pipe (17-8) is connected with air compressor (17- 4)；It is provided with the top inner wall of described gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) in gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) The liquid level of liquid carries out the level sensor (17-11) of real-time monitoring；Undisturbed soil sample in described cylindrical member (10) (12) have liquid outlet (10-1) outside upper surface, liquid outlet (10-1) accesses run-off measuring cup (13) by plastic flexible pipe (2), Second flow sensor (13-1) is provided with described plastic flexible pipe (2), described second flow sensor (13-1) passes through wire (9) access computer (7)；

Described high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrates supply analog (14) and includes outside quarter graduated coal Spoil leachate bucket (14-1), tube for transfusion (14-12) and gangue leachate are passed through in the lower section of gangue leachate bucket (14-1) Shower nozzle (14-9) connects, and gangue leachate shower nozzle (14-9) is arranged at the cylindrical member on soil column leaching standard element (4) top (10) top, exceeds undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface 2-5 centimeters and is provided with shock plate (a) resistant to pressure in cylindrical member (10), It is provided with sieve aperture on shock plate (a) resistant to pressure；Light plastic piece (14- is provided with the liquid level in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) 8), described light plastic piece (14-8) form is setting in thin discs, the circular groove above described light plastic piece (14-8) Have a permanent magnet (14-7), permanent magnet (14-7) be arranged above the electric coil (14-6) that bracing wire (14-3) is hung, electricity Coil (14-6) is circumscribed with wire (9), and the upper end of bracing wire (14-3) twines on runner (14-2), and runner (14-2) is provided with handle Handss (14-4), runner (14-2) upper end bracing wire (14-3) is by putting forth effort under the aperture of component (14-11) and water check valve (14-5) Portion is connected, and water check valve (14-5) lower end is provided with light spring (14-10), and described cylindrical member (10) is controlled with u-shaped head Pipe (10-2) is connected, and light plastic piece (14-8), permanent magnet (14-7) and electric coil (14-6) are all in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) motion in chute (14-13)；Described chute (14-13) is embedded in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) inwall, described electric wire Circle (14-6) is provided with slide rail (14-14) according to edge trisection, and described slide rail (14-14) can in chute (14-13) certainly By moving up and down, described high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrates supply analog (14) and controls undisturbed soil sample (12) table The liquid level of face liquid is higher than more than 1cm.

Advantage of the present utility model:

1. soil column leaching standard element (4) of the present utility model connects into a cylinder by two identical semicylinders Body, can easily carry out undisturbed and the experiment reinventing sample, facilitate the cleaning of experimental apparatus simultaneously, overcome current earth pillar Experiment is difficult to the defect tested and later stage cleaning is complicated using undisturbed.

2. the using cooperatively of rubber stopper (5-7) and insert (5), spilling water when overcoming existing soil column leaching testing element insertion And the defect of water deficit, have that test result is accurate, reliability is high, reusable advantage.

3. soil column leaching standard element (4) can overcome soil column leaching in prior art according to the multiple series connection of requirement of experiment Middle dress soil part single-unit length is big, unhandy defect；And each part of whole system adopts standard element so that experiment is marked Standardization, conventional efficient greatly improves.

4. analog systemss are connected with computer, realize Automated condtrol, have the characteristics that accuracy, standard are high, gram Take the defect that error in the artificial processing ease of most instrument and equipment at this stage.

5. the utility model proposes multiple intensity gangue leachate infiltrates supply analog (c), including low-intensity Gangue leachate infiltrates supply analog (16) entirely, middle intensity gangue leachate has runoff to infiltrate supply analog (17) stably infiltrate and feed analog (14) with high intensity gangue leachate；Low-intensity gangue leachate infiltrates supply entirely Analog (16) and high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrate supply analog (14) and utilize permanent magnet and electric coil The principle that magnetic is repelled each other, thus control the recharge rate of gangue leachate；Middle intensity gangue leachate has runoff to enter impregnation Achieve the control of the recharge rate of gangue leachate to analog (17) by air compressor machine.

6th, the mensure that column simulation system realizes characteristic parameter is infiltrated based on gangue leachate, and give testing procedure And computational methods, have practical, using effect is good, be easy to the feature promoted the use of.

7th, the soil column Ji Yu major diameter (not less than 50cm) for this utility model carries out laboratory experiment, with traditional interior Experiment small specimen is compared, and can preferably represent the practical situation of the real soil body；Compared with in-situ bioremediation, of the present utility model big The experiment of diameter soil column also possess cycle is short, spend less, feature that technological means are ripe.

8th, this utility model can be directed to mankind's work such as mine engineering, highway engineering, railway engineering and Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering Journey activity, especially can relative analyses Human dried bloodstains perturbation action occur before and after different times various types of original states The unsaturation infiltration of soil sample (12) and Contaminants Transport characteristic, different times before and after such as coal mining subsidence area perturbation action occurs The unsaturation infiltration of various types of undisturbed soil samples (12) and Contaminants Transport characteristic, described undisturbed soil sample (12) includes gravel Class soil, sandy soil, fine grained soil and mucky soil, swelled ground, laterite, loess embankment, salinized soil, artificial earth fill etc. are special Soil.

9th, the gangue leachate that this utility model proposes under many intensity first infiltrates column simulation system and characteristic parameter Mensure, this utility model novel and reasonable structure, can effectively simulate the various working that gangue leachate infiltrates, have accurately Degree is high, highly reliable.

Brief description

Fig. 1 a is the general system diagram entirely infiltrating supply analog based on low-intensity gangue leachate.

Fig. 1 b is the schematic diagram that low-intensity gangue leachate infiltrates supply analog (16) entirely.

Fig. 1 c is enlarged drawing at b in Fig. 1 b.

Fig. 2 a is that have runoff to infiltrate the general system diagram of supply analog based on middle intensity gangue leachate.

Fig. 2 b is that middle intensity gangue leachate has runoff to infiltrate the schematic diagram of supply analog (17).

Fig. 3 a is the general system diagram stably infiltrating supply analog based on high intensity gangue leachate.

Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram that high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrates supply analog (14).

Fig. 3 c is enlarged drawing at b in Fig. 3 b.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of flange (6).

Fig. 5 is the installation diagram of soil column leaching standard element (4) and bottom member (1).

Fig. 6 is tube wall (4-1) schematic diagram in soil column leaching standard element (4), and wherein Fig. 6 a is front view, and Fig. 6 b is backsight Figure.

Fig. 7 is the enlarged drawing at a in Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is the top view of base (1-1).

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of insert (5).

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of rubber stopper (5-7) in insert (5).

Figure 11 is the fractionation schematic diagram of the clip (4-30) of the present invention.

Figure 12 is that gangue leachate of the present invention infiltrates the total schematic diagram of column simulation system.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings this utility model is done with detailed narration.

With reference to Figure 12, modularity multiple intensity gangue leachate infiltrates soil column leaching device, including bottom member (1), It is connected to the soil column leaching standard element (4) of one or more series connection and the soil column leaching standard element on bottom member (1) (4) multiple intensity gangue leachates at top infiltrate supply analog (c)；Multiple intensity gangue leachates infiltrate supply Analog (c) inclusion low-intensity gangue leachate infiltrates supply analog (16) entirely, middle intensity gangue leachate has Runoff infiltrates supply analog (17) and high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrates supply analog (14).

With reference to Fig. 5, described bottom member (1) includes the base (1-1) positioned at bottom, catchmenting on base (1-1) Point accesses out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3) by plastic flexible pipe (2), and plastic flexible pipe (2) is provided with the 3rd flow transducer (3-1), the Three flow transducers (3-1) access computer (7)；The top of base (1-1) is provided with bearing column (1-2), bearing column (1-2) Top is provided with high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), and the surrounding edge of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is all managed with bottom member (1) The inwall level of part (1-7) is close to, and the top of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is provided with filter paper (1-4), filter paper (1-4) upper Surface is contacted with undisturbed soil sample (12)；The top of pipe fitting (1-7) is provided with external screw thread linkage section (1-6), external screw thread linkage section (1- 6) it is connected with soil column leaching standard element (4) by flange (6).

With reference to Fig. 6, described soil column leaching standard element (4) passes through soil by two identical semicylinders through clip (4-30) Clip recess (4-3) place of column experiments standard element (4) tube wall (4-1) connects into a cylinder, soil column leaching standard element (4) circular aperture (4-4) is provided with tube wall (4-1), circular aperture (4-4) is used cooperatively with rubber stopper (5-7)；Multiple Threaded section (4-2) of upper and lower side is attached by soil column leaching standard element (4) by flange (6)；Insert (5) passes through In rubber stopper (5-7) insertion undisturbed soil sample (12), data all real-time Transmission that insert (5) inner sensor is gathered are to computer (7)；Soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) is through, in circular aperture (4-4) insertion undisturbed soil sample (12), soil heat conduction suction is visited Data all real-time Transmission that head (4-7) inner sensor is gathered are to computer (7)；X-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) is through circle In aperture (4-4) insertion undisturbed soil sample (12), data all real-time Transmission that x-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) is gathered give meter Calculation machine (7)；Multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) are fixed with soil column leaching standard element (4), each of multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) enters water Mouth is through in circular aperture (4-4) insertion undisturbed soil sample (12)；Described insert (5) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar, soil Earth conduction of heat suction probe (4-7) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar, and x-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) is pressed on earth pillar According to same row arrangement, pressure-measuring pipe (4-9) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar.

With reference to Fig. 7, Fig. 8, described bearing column (1-2) includes load pillar support (1-22) and load fixed thereon Post main body (1-21), described load pillar support (1-22) and base (1-1) are formed in one, and load pillar support (1-22) is in earth pillar Vertical projection is arranged according to " circumference in center of circle+with base (1-1) radius 1/2 as radius is to five equal portions " mode；Bearing column Main body (1-21) length difference makes base (1-1) assume the gradient.

Described bottom member (1), soil column leaching standard element (4) and cylindrical member (10) are by pyroceram steel Become.

With reference to Fig. 9, Figure 10, described insert (5) be provided with insertion needle (5-6) foremost, insert (5) is internal The corner of pipeline is provided with rubber sheet gasket (5-1), is provided with expelling means (5-2) in internal pipeline, and expelling means (5-2) include temperature Humidity sensor is popped one's head in (4-5), and expelling means (5-2) rear end is attached with wire (9), and the afterbody of expelling means (5-2) is arranged with Light spring (5-4), the end of light spring (5-4) is provided with prober controller (5-5), and the outside stage casing of insert (5) sets It is equipped with baffle plate (5-3).

Described circular aperture (4-4) shape size is consistent with rubber stopper (5-7) and is tightly combined, and arrangement mode is: vertical It is separated by arrangement upwards and follows upper tightly lower sparse principle, transversely divide arrangement around soil column leaching standard element (4) outer circumference 8 grade.

With reference to Figure 11, described clip (4-30) is made up of two halves circular steel ring (4-34) and by the rivet (4- of one end 35) rivet, another end connector (4-33) of clip (4-30) passes through lead screw (4-31) and nut (4-32) to adjust clip (4- 30) tightness, the standard cylindrical member of making is combined closely.

With reference to Fig. 4, it is provided with flange screw thread (6-1) inside described flange (6), the two ends of flange (6) are provided with turning handle Handss (6-2).

The described signal end of computer (7) is connected with the signal end of microcontroller (7-0), and microcontroller (7-0) is arranged Humiture is had to detect outfan (7-2), matric suction detection outfan (7-3) and concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4)；Humiture detects outfan (7-2) and connects Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4-5) through wire (9), and matric suction detects defeated Go out end (7-3) and connect soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7), concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4) through wire (9) Connect x-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) through wire (9).

Embodiment one

In the present embodiment, multiple intensity gangue leachates matching used with this utility model infiltrate supply analog C () is that low-intensity gangue leachate infiltrates supply analog (16) entirely；

With reference to Fig. 1, described low-intensity gangue leachate entirely infiltrates and is carved with quarter outside supply analog (16) inclusion Gangue leachate bucket (16-1) of degree, tube for transfusion (16-12) and gangue are passed through in the lower section of gangue leachate bucket (16-1) Leachate shower nozzle (16-9) connects, and gangue leachate shower nozzle (16-9) is arranged at the circle on soil column leaching standard element (4) top Post component (10) top, exceeds undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface 2-5 centimeters and is provided with impact resistant to pressure in cylindrical member (10) Plate (a), shock plate (a) resistant to pressure is provided with sieve aperture；It is provided with light plastic on liquid level in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) Piece (16-8), described light plastic piece (16-8) form is thin discs, the circular groove above described light plastic piece (16-8) Inside be provided with permanent magnet (16-7), permanent magnet (16-7) be arranged above the electric coil (16- that bracing wire (16-3) is hung 6), electric coil (16-6) is circumscribed with wire (9), and the upper end of bracing wire (16-3) twines on runner (16-2), and runner (16-2) sets It is equipped with handle (16-4), runner (16-2) upper end bracing wire (16-3) is by putting forth effort aperture and the water check valve of component (16-11) (16-5) bottom is connected, and water check valve (16-5) lower end is provided with light spring (16-10), described cylindrical member (10) and u-shaped Head control pipe (10-2) is connected, and light plastic piece (16-8), permanent magnet (16-7) and electric coil (16-6) are all in u-shaped water Motion in the chute (16-13) of head control pipe (10-2)；Described chute (16-13) is embedded in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) inwall, Described electric coil (16-6) is provided with slide rail (16-14) according to edge trisection, and described slide rail (16-14) can be in chute (16- 13) freely move up and down in；Described low-intensity gangue leachate entirely infiltrates supply analog (16) and controls undisturbed soil sample (12) liquid level of surface liquid is less than 1mm.

The operation principle of the present embodiment is to comprise the following steps:

Step one, assembling soil column leaching standard element

Respectively two pieces of semicylinder tube walls (4-1) of soil column leaching standard element (4) are spliced, to soil column leaching mark The seam of quasi- component (4) is sealed and water-proofing treatment, then clip (4-30) is enclosed within clip recess (4-3), and passes through Nut (4-32) on lead screw part (4-31) is tightly placed on spanner, makes clip (4-30) be enclosed within clip recess (4-3) securely On, then multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) are realized longitudinal spliced by flange (6) series connection；

Step 2, installation undisturbed soil sample

Choose preprepared undisturbed soil sample (12), undisturbed soil sample (12) is erect on the ground, will connect Multiple soil column leaching standard elements (4) entangle undisturbed soil sample (12), by undisturbed soil sample (12) and soil column leaching standard element (4) Between gap sealing and water-proofing treatment ensure subsequent experimental when gangue leachate directly do not flow down from gap；

Step 3, assembling soil column leaching instrument and equipment

First base (1-1) is positioned on level ground, then bearing column main body (1-21) is mounted on corresponding load On pillar support (1-22), high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) are placed horizontally above bearing column main body (1-21), described high air inlet Value pottery clay plates (1-3) upper surface is equipped with filter paper (1-4), described bearing column main body (1-21), high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), It is internal that filter paper (1-4) is respectively positioned on pipe fitting (1-7)；In the external plastic flexible pipe (2) of catchment extreme lower position one liquid outlet of setting, will The other end of described plastic flexible pipe (2) accesses out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3), and upper the 3rd flow of installing of wherein said plastic flexible pipe (2) passes Sensor (3-1), described 3rd flow transducer (3-1) accesses computer (7) by wire (9), then by the flange of flange (6) Flange (6) is closely installed at bottom member by swing handle (6-2) by screw thread (6-1) be aligned external screw thread linkage section (1-6) (1), above, the undisturbed soil sample (12) then entangling the soil column leaching standard element that assembles of splicing together with it passes through earth pillar The flange screw thread of the flange (6) of the bottom thread linkage section (4-2) of experimental standard component (4) and described bottom member (1) upper end (6-1) assembled, make the undisturbed soil sample (12) that the soil column leaching standard element that splicing assembles entangles together with it be located at bottom Cylindrical member (10) is attached by the surface of portion's component (1) filter paper (1-4) finally by flange (6)；

Step 4, the original state of mensure undisturbed soil sample

The initial aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) are respectively to undisturbed soil sample (12) Humidity once monitored, and the signal monitoring is passed to microcontroller (7-0), microcontroller (7-0) is by monitoring signals By serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7), computer (7) receives and records undisturbed soil sample at multiple test points (12) moisture signal, and the moisture signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is recorded as undisturbed soil at each test point Initial aqueous rate θ of sample (12)_c；

The matric suction of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) are respectively to undisturbed soil sample (12) Matric suction once monitored, and the signal monitoring is passed to microcontroller (7-0), microcontroller (7-0) will be monitored Signal passes through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7), and computer (7) receives and records undisturbed soil at multiple test points The matric suction signal of sample (12), and the matric suction signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is tested for each The initial substrate suction f of undisturbed soil sample (12) at point_ac；

The concentration of heavy metal ion background valuess of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple x-ray fluorescence spectruies probe (4-8) are respectively to first Undisturbed soil sample (12) concentration of heavy metal ion of beginning state is monitored, and the concentration of heavy metal ion monitoring signal is passed to micro- Controller (7-0), monitoring signals are passed through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7), computer by microcontroller (7-0) (7) receive and record the concentration of heavy metal ion signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test points, and will be former at each test point The concentration of heavy metal ion signal record of shape soil sample (12) is each test point concentration of heavy metal ion background values c；

The head height of undisturbed soil sample (12): multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) are entered to the head height of undisturbed soil sample (12) respectively Row monitoring obtains each test point starting stage corresponding head height h_c；

The saturated aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12): other soil samples that the sampling spot of undisturbed soil sample (12) is taken back are satisfied And measurement of water-content coefficient, as the saturated aqueous rate of undisturbed soil sample (12)；Soil sampling is put in weighing box, for its water filling up to the water surface Submergence soil sample, unnecessary water is removed by submergence for 10 minutes afterwards, and quality is called m, puts in baking oven by soil sample and weighing box afterwards, Dried, be placed on afterwards on balance carry out weighing quality is m_s, utilize formula afterwardsMeter Saturated aqueous rate θ of undisturbed soil sample (12) is tried to achieve in calculation_sat；

Step 5, simulation low-intensity gangue leachate infiltrate entirely

(1), to gangue leachate bucket (16-1) interior coal spoil leachate (15), water check valve (16-5) is now made to be in Closed mode, then opens water check valve (16-5), and gangue leachate (15) sprays from gangue leachate through tube for transfusion (16-12) Head (16-9) flow on the shock plate (a) resistant to pressure in cylindrical member (10), then reaches the upper surface of undisturbed soil sample (12), described Shock plate (a) resistant to pressure is played and protects undisturbed soil sample (12) not acted on by gangue leachate impact erosion；Positioned at u-shaped head Light plastic piece (16-8) in control pipe (10-2) and the permanent magnet (16-7) above it are in gangue leachate (15) Rise under buoyancy, reach identical with the liquid level of the interior liquid of cylindrical member (10), when in the cylindrical member (10) on top The liquid level of liquid rises to when exceeding undisturbed soil sample (12) 1mm, supplies electric forming electricity to electric coil (16-6) by wire (9) Magnet, drives runner (16-2) to rotate by handle (16-4) simultaneously, described runner (16-2) is tied with bracing wire (16-3), described Electric coil (16-6) moves vertically in chute (16-13) with bracing wire (16-3), and swing handle (16-4) adjusts bracing wire (16- 3) length makes water check valve (16-5) carry out coarse adjustment, Ran Hougai close to closed mode in the presence of light spring (16-10) The size of the connect supply voltage of outer lead (9) becoming electric coil (16-6), to carry out accurate adjustment, makes now water check valve (16-5) firm It is closed well；When the liquid in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) liquid level with top cylindrical member (10) When the liquid level of interior liquid declines, described light plastic piece (16-8) and permanent magnet (16-7) also decline, forever therewith Magnetic force between Magnet (16-7) and electric coil (16-6) reduces, and the load increase that described light spring (16-10) is subject to produces Compressive deformation, the water check valve (16-5) on light spring (16-10) is opened, and gangue leachate (15) continues on through tube for transfusion (16-12) flow in cylindrical member (10) from gangue leachate shower nozzle (16-9) and fed；When being fed to cylindrical member (10), when the liquid level of interior liquid rises to again and exceeds undisturbed soil sample (12) 1mm, water check valve (16-5) would be at closing State, on the contrary then water check valve (16-5) opens continuation supply, has simulated low-intensity gangue leachate and has entirely infiltrated boundary condition；

(2), in the simulation full infiltration process of low-intensity gangue leachate, ooze out the bastard coal stranguria caused by urinary stone in undisturbed soil sample (12) Filtrate is flowed out in limbers (1-5) and is flowed into out in milliosmolarity measurement measuring cup (3) through plastic flexible pipe (2)；In low-intensity bastard coal In the full infiltration process of stranguria caused by urinary stone filtrate, when observing that the moisturizing of gangue leachate bucket (16-1) is spaced apart more than 2 hours, explanation reaches Stable to infiltrating, close gangue leachate make-up system, stop experiment；Now, the interior bastard coal of gangue leachate bucket (16-1) The difference of the loss amount of stranguria caused by urinary stone filtrate (15) and the non-infiltration capacity of the interior leachate of cylindrical member (10) is recorded as gangue leachate and always drops Enter amount q_z, under the full Infiltration Condition of low-intensity gangue leachate, the gangue leachate always amount of falling into q_zNumerically equal to gangue Leachate infiltration capacity q_r；Now, check out milliosmolarity to measure in measuring cup (3) to ooze out the gangue leachate of undisturbed soil sample (12) Amount, and this read-record is gone out milliosmolarity q for gangue leachate_c；

Each parameter monitoring in step 6, simulation process

Multiple Temperature Humidity Sensors probe (4-5) are supervised to the humidity of the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process respectively Survey, and the signal monitoring is passed to microcontroller (7-0), monitoring signals are passed through serial communication circuit by microcontroller (7-0) To computer (7), computer (7) receives and records the moisture signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test points real-time Transmission, and The moisture signal of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is recorded as each test point record moment corresponding moisture content θ_i；Many Individual soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) is monitored to the matric suction of the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process respectively, will The matric suction signal monitoring passes to microcontroller (7-0), and monitoring signals are passed through serial communication circuit by microcontroller (7-0) To computer (7), computer (7) receives and records the matric suction letter of undisturbed soil sample (12) at multiple test points real-time Transmission Number, and the matric suction signal record of undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point is each test point record moment corresponding base Matter suction f_a；Multiple x-ray fluorescence spectruies probe (4-8) heavy metal ion to the undisturbed soil sample (12) in simulation process respectively Concentration is monitored, and the concentration of heavy metal ion monitoring signal is passed to microcontroller (7-0), and microcontroller (7-0) will be supervised Survey signal and pass through serial communication circuit real-time Transmission to computer (7), computer (7) receives and records original state at multiple test points The concentration of heavy metal ion signal of soil sample (12), and the concentration of heavy metal ion signal by undisturbed soil sample (12) at each test point It is recorded as each test point record moment corresponding concentration of heavy metal ion c_i；Multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) are respectively to undisturbed soil sample (12) head height is monitored obtaining each test point record moment corresponding head height h_i；

Above-mentioned all of monitoring, its monitoring temporal frequency is provided that gangue leachate infiltrates in 5 minutes, during record Between be spaced apart 5 seconds, gangue leachate infiltrates in 5-15 minute, record time interval be 10 seconds, gangue leachate infiltrates 15- In 30 minutes, record time interval is 15 seconds, and gangue leachate infiltrates in 30-60 minute, and record time interval is 20 seconds, coal Spoil leachate infiltrates 60 minutes and records time interval later is 60 seconds, until experiment reaches more than 2-4 hour after stably；

Analysis on monitoring result in step 7, simulation process

Matric suction f to a certain moment being recorded_aWith concentration of heavy metal ion c_iMonitoring Data does interpolation processing, obtains Matric suction cloud atlas corresponding to a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12) and concentration of heavy metal ion cloud atlas；Simultaneously to being recorded Moisture content θ corresponding to a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12)_iMonitoring Data does interpolation processing, obtains a certain moment undisturbed soil sample (12) corresponding moisture content cloud atlas；

According to the Changing Pattern of moisture content cloud atlas, find out the position of the moistening forward corresponding to each moment, described moistening The position of forward refers to the part that moisture content between the edge of humid zone, and the non-humid zone in bottom has substantially mutation, everybody Put line and form moistening front forward line, thus observing the Changing Pattern of moistening forward position t in time；According to moisture content cloud atlas, according to According to the size of moisture content, find out saturated aqueous rate θ corresponding to each moment_satContour, so that it is determined that fully saturated band, Described fully saturated with definition be that moisture fully saturated part occurs in earth pillar upper surface certain depth below；As moistening forward With fully saturated band when occurring in the same monitoring moment, described moisten front forward line and saturated aqueous rate θ_satArea between contour Domain is defined as gangue leachate and infiltrates intermediate zone；

Draw matric suction f_aWith moisture content θ_iGraph of a relation, thus respectively obtaining the soil-structure interaction of each soil layer；

Step 8, gangue leachate infiltrated water calculate

According to formula q_r=q_z-q_j, it is calculated gangue leachate infiltration capacity q_r, unit is cm³；Wherein q_zFor gangue The leachate always amount of falling into, unit is cm³；q_jFor gangue leachate run-off, unit is cm³；

According to formula △ s=q_r-q_c, it is calculated the loss amount △ s that gangue leachate infiltrates, unit is cm³；Wherein q_rFor gangue leachate infiltration capacity, unit is cm³；q_cGo out milliosmolarity for gangue leachate, unit is cm³；

According to formula v_r=q_r/ t is calculated gangue leachate infiltration rate v_r, unit is cm³/s；Wherein q_rFor gangue Leachate infiltration capacity, unit is cm³；T is the experiment test time, and unit is s；

According to formula v_c=q_c/ t is calculated gangue leachate and goes out to ooze rate v_c, unit is cm³/s；Wherein q_cFor gangue Leachate goes out milliosmolarity, and unit is cm³；T is the experiment test time, and unit is s；

According to formula α=q_c/q_zIt is calculated gangue leachate infiltrated water α, unit is dimensionless；Wherein q_cFor coal Spoil leachate goes out milliosmolarity, and unit is cm³；q_zFor the gangue leachate always amount of falling into；

Step 9, Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity calculate

Infiltrated based on the gangue leachate of soil column leaching, one-dimensional Vertical Infiltration can be generalized as, its mathematical model is as follows

$(v_y+\frac{{\mathrm{dv}}_y}{dy}dy)dxdz-v_{y}dxdz=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}dxdydz---\left(1\right)$

Darcy law is substituted into above equation (1) obtain

$\frac{d(-kdh/dy)}{dy}=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}---\left(2\right)$

For unsaturated soil, osmotic coefficient k and moisture content existence function relation, so equation (2) can turn to following formula

$k\frac{d^{2}h}{{\mathrm{dy}}^2}+\frac{dk}{dy}\frac{dh}{dy}=\frac{\∂\mathrm{\θ}}{\∂t}---\left(3\right)$

The theory being proposed according to fredlund＆morgenstern, the normal stress (σ-u suffered by sample_a) and substrate suction The change of force value will cause volumetric water content θ_wChange, that is,

${\mathrm{d\θ}}_w=-{m_1}^{w}d(\mathrm{\σ}-u_a)-m_2^w(u_a-u_w)---\left(4\right)$

In formula: σ total stress；

m₁ ^wWith normal stress (σ-u_a) the relevant water of change change in volume coefficient；

With matric suction (u_a-u_w) the relevant water of change change in volume coefficient；

By equation (4) to time diffusion, meanwhile, soil body unit during unsteady state flow through porous medium does not have external load and makees With it is assumed that continuously constant in non-saturated region gas phase, obtaining

$\frac{\∂{\mathrm{\θ}}_w}{\∂t}={\mathrm{\γ}}_w{m}_2^w\frac{\∂h}{\∂t}---\left(5\right)$

Wherein:The i.e. slope of soil-structure interaction；

By (3), (5) Shi Ke get

$k\frac{d^{2}h}{{\mathrm{dy}}^2}+\frac{dk}{dy}\frac{dh}{dy}={\mathrm{\γ}}_w{m}_2^w\frac{\∂h}{\∂t}---\left(6\right)$

Wherein: k is Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity, unit is dimensionless；H is gross head height, and unit is cm；Y surveys for earth pillar Point height, unit is cm；γ_wFor the severe of water, unit is n/m³；For the slope of soil-structure interaction, unit is immeasurable Guiding principle；T is the time, and unit is s；

Try to achieve the Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity k at any time earth pillar arbitrary height according to equation (6), drawn using interpolation method Its scattergram；

Step 10, hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient calculate

By water balance principle, the Water Flux q at arbitrary section y on earth pillar_y, it is represented by

$q_0-q_y=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\δ}t}\[{\&integral;}_0^z\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_2\right)dy-{\&integral;}_0^z\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_1\right)dy\]---\left(7\right)$

$q_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{1}{2}(q_0^{k+1}+q_0^k)-\frac{\mathrm{\δ}y}{2\mathrm{\δ}t}\[\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^{k+1})-\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^k+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^k)\]---\left(8\right)$

In formula: q_yFor the Water Flux at arbitrary section y, cm/d；q₀For the inflow at earth pillar top, cm/d；θ is volume Moisture content, cm³/cm³；δ t is the period, δ t=t₂-t₁, d；Hop count when k is；

Solute flux j at arbitrary section y on earth pillar_yObtained by the principle of mass conservation

$j_0-j_y=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\δ}t}\[{\&integral;}_0^y\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_2\right)c\left(t_2\right)dy-{\&integral;}_0^y\mathrm{\θ}\left(t_1\right)c\left(t_2\right)dy\]---\left(9\right)$

$j_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{1}{2}(j_0^{k+1}+j_0^k)-\frac{\mathrm{\δ}z}{4\mathrm{\δ}t}\[\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^{k+1})(c_{i+1}^{k+1}+c_i^{k+1})-\underset{i=0}{\overset{y}{\σ}}({\mathrm{\θ}}_{i+1}^k+{\mathrm{\θ}}_i^k)(c_{i+1}^k+c_i^k)\]---\left(10\right)$

In formula: j_yFor the Solute flux at arbitrary section y, g/ (cm²·d)；j₀For the Solute flux at earth pillar top, g/ (cm²·d)；c_iFor soil liquid concentration, g/cm³；θ is volumetric water content, cm³/cm³；δ t is the period, δ t=t₂-t₁, d；k For when hop count；

According to hydrodynamic dispersion principle, Solute flux is equal to hydrodynamic dispersion flux and convective flux sum, that is,

$j=-{\mathrm{\θd}}_{sh}\frac{\∂c}{\∂y}+qc---\left(11\right)$

$d_{sh}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\θ}\frac{\∂c}{\∂y}}+(qc-j)---\left(12\right)$

In formula: d_shFor hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient, cm²/d；Remaining symbol is the same；

${\left(d_{sh}\right)}_y^{k+1/2}=\frac{2\mathrm{\δ}y}{({\mathrm{\θ}}_y^{k+1}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_y^k)(c_y^{k+1}-c_y^k)}\[q_y^{k+1/2}(c_y^{k+1}+c_y^k)-j_y^{k+1/2}\]---\left(13\right)$

By above calculateWithSubstitute into above formula and can calculate hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient d_shIf taking a series of y Section then can calculate a series of d_sh, thus by d_shFit to experience with corresponding Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity k or pore velocity v Formula.

Embodiment two

In the present embodiment, multiple intensity gangue leachates matching used with this utility model infiltrate supply analog C () is that middle intensity gangue leachate has runoff to infiltrate supply analog (17).

With reference to Fig. 2, described middle intensity gangue leachate has runoff to infiltrate supply analog (17) to include being arranged on Gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) in cylindrical member (10) and the circle being arranged on gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) bottom Shape aperture (17-10), exceeds undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface 2-5 centimeters and is provided with shock plate resistant to pressure in cylindrical member (10) A (), shock plate (a) resistant to pressure is provided with sieve aperture；The top of described gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) is provided with pressure control Tubulation (17-8) and the feed tube (17-7) being connected with outside gangue leachate；It is provided with feed liquor on described feed tube (17-7) Electromagnetic valve (17-2), liquid feeding pump (17-1) and the first flow sensor for the amount of gangue leachate is carried out with real-time monitoring (17-3)；Electromagnetic pressure control valve (17-5) and pressure are provided with described gangue leachate container inner pressure control pipe (17-8) Force transducer (17-6), the afterbody of described gangue leachate container inner pressure control pipe (17-8) is connected with air compressor (17-4)；It is provided with for gangue leaching liquid container (17- in the top inner wall of described gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) 9) liquid level of interior liquid carries out the level sensor (17-11) of real-time monitoring；Undisturbed soil in described cylindrical member (10) Liquid outlet (10-1) is had, liquid outlet (10-1) accesses run-off measuring cup by plastic flexible pipe (2) outside sample (12) upper surface (13), described plastic flexible pipe (2) is provided with second flow sensor (13-1), described second flow sensor (13-1) is passed through Wire (9) accesses computer (7).

The operation principle of the present embodiment is to comprise the following steps:

Step one, assembling soil column leaching standard element

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 2, installation undisturbed soil sample

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 3, assembling soil column leaching instrument and equipment

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 4, the original state of mensure undisturbed soil sample

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

In step 5, simulation, intensity gangue leachate has runoff to infiltrate

(1), computer (7) sends the current supply circuit that signal connects air compressor (17-4), and then driving pressure controls Electromagnetic valve (17-5) is opened, and air compressor (17-4) starts, and the compressed air of generation is through electromagnetic pressure control valve (17-5) Enter in gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) by gangue leachate container inner pressure control pipe (17-8) after adjusting pressure, Gangue leachate in gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) is sprayed from circular aperture (17-10), reaches cylinder afterwards On shock plate (a) resistant to pressure in component (10), then the upper surface to undisturbed soil sample (12), described shock plate (a) resistant to pressure To protecting undisturbed soil sample (12) not acted on by gangue leachate impact erosion, having simulated middle intensity gangue leachate has Runoff infiltrates boundary condition；During middle intensity gangue leachate has runoff simulating, pressure transducer (17-6) is to warp The compressed air pressure crossing the interior pressure control pipe of gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) (17-8) carries out real-time monitoring and will monitor The signal output arriving is entered to computer (7), the pressure threshold that the pressure monitoring value that computer (7) is received is set with experiment Row compares, and when pressure monitoring value is less than pressure threshold, computer (7) driving pressure controls the aperture that electromagnetic valve (17-5) is opened Increase, when pressure monitoring value is more than pressure threshold, computer (7) driving pressure controls the aperture that electromagnetic valve (17-5) is opened to subtract Little, so that the compressed air pressure of pressure control pipe (17-8) maintains pressure in gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) In threshold range；Meanwhile, the liquid level to the interior liquid of gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) for the described level sensor (17-11) Carry out real-time monitoring and the liquid level of the liquid being received the signal output monitoring to computer (7), computer (7) is high The liquid level setting value of the liquid that degree monitor value is set with experiment is compared, when the liquid level monitor value of liquid is less than liquid During the liquid level setting value of body, computer (7) controls the current supply circuit connecting liquid feeding pump (17-1), and drives liquid inlet electromagnetic valve (17-2) open, outside gangue leachate is flowed in gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) by feed tube (17-7), works as liquid When the liquid level monitor value of body is more than the liquid level setting value of liquid, computer (7) controls disconnection liquid feeding pump (17-1) Current supply circuit, and drive liquid inlet electromagnetic valve (17-2) to close, stop the injection gangue toward in gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) Leachate so that the liquid level of the interior liquid of gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) maintain stable it is ensured that gangue leaching Persistently the carrying out of liquid infiltration process；

(2), intensity gangue leachate has in runoff infiltration process in simulations, does not penetrate into the coal in undisturbed soil sample (12) Spoil leachate flows out in liquid outlet (10-1) and flows into run-off measuring cup (13) through plastic flexible pipe (2)；Ooze out undisturbed soil Gangue leachate in sample (12) flows out in limbers (1-5) and flows into out milliosmolarity measurement measuring cup through plastic flexible pipe (2) (3), in intensity gangue leachate infiltration process in simulation, first flow sensor (17-3) is to gangue leachate infiltration capacity Carry out real-time monitoring and the signal monitoring is exported to computer (7) in real time, run-off measuring cup (13) is not to penetrating into undisturbed soil The amount of the gangue leachate in sample (12) is monitored and records, and does not penetrate into undisturbed soil sample when two adjacent sampling instants (12) difference of the amount of gangue leachate in is less than or equal to 1cm³When, illustrate to have reached and infiltrate stable, closing bastard coal stranguria caused by urinary stone Filtrate make-up system, stops experiment；Now, computer (7) is recorded as the gangue leachate always amount of falling into q_z；Now, check footpath Do not penetrate into the amount of the gangue leachate in undisturbed soil sample (12) in flow measurement measuring cup (13), and this read-record is bastard coal Stranguria caused by urinary stone filtrate run-off q_j；Check out the amount of the gangue leachate oozing out undisturbed soil sample (12) in milliosmolarity measurement measuring cup (3), and This read-record is gone out milliosmolarity q for gangue leachate_c；

Each parameter monitoring in step 6, simulation process

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Analysis on monitoring result in step 7, simulation process

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 8, infiltrated water calculate

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 9, Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity calculate

Concrete steps are with embodiment one.

Step 10, hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient calculate

Concrete steps are with embodiment one.

Embodiment three

In the present embodiment, multiple intensity gangue leachates matching used with this utility model infiltrate supply analog C () is that high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrates supply analog (14).

With reference to Fig. 3, described high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrates and is carved with outside supply analog (14) inclusion Gangue leachate bucket (14-1) of scale, tube for transfusion (14-12) and bastard coal are passed through in the lower section of gangue leachate bucket (14-1) Stranguria caused by urinary stone filtrate shower nozzle (14-9) connects, and gangue leachate shower nozzle (14-9) is arranged at soil column leaching standard element (4) top Cylindrical member (10) top, exceeds undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface 2-5 centimeters and is provided with punching resistant to pressure in cylindrical member (10) Hit plate (a), shock plate (a) resistant to pressure is provided with sieve aperture；It is provided with lightweight on liquid level in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) to mould Tablet (14-8), described light plastic piece (14-8) form is thin discs, and the circle above described light plastic piece (14-8) is recessed Be provided with permanent magnet (14-7) in groove, permanent magnet (14-7) be arranged above the electric coil that bracing wire (14-3) is hung (14-6), electric coil (14-6) is circumscribed with wire (9), and the upper end of bracing wire (14-3) twines on runner (14-2), runner (14-2) On be provided with handle (14-4), runner (14-2) upper end bracing wire (14-3) is by putting forth effort aperture and the sealing of component (14-11) Valve (14-5) bottom is connected, and water check valve (14-5) lower end is provided with light spring (14-10), described cylindrical member (10) and u Type head control pipe (10-2) is connected, and light plastic piece (14-8), permanent magnet (14-7) and electric coil (14-6) are all in u-shaped Motion in the chute (14-13) of head control pipe (10-2)；Described chute (14-13) is embedded in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) Wall, described electric coil (14-6) is provided with slide rail (14-14) according to edge trisection, and described slide rail (14-14) can be in chute (14-13) freely move up and down in, it is former that described high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrates supply analog (14) control The liquid level of shape soil sample (12) surface liquid is higher than more than 1cm.

The operation principle of the present embodiment is to comprise the following steps:

Step one, assembling soil column leaching standard element

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 2, installation undisturbed soil sample

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 3, assembling soil column leaching instrument and equipment

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 4, the original state of mensure undisturbed soil sample

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 5, simulation high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrate

(1), to gangue leachate bucket (14-1) interior coal spoil leachate (15), water check valve (14-5) is now made to be in Closed mode, then opens water check valve (14-5), described gangue leachate (15) is through tube for transfusion (14-12) from gangue leaching Liquid shower nozzle (14-9) flow on the shock plate (a) resistant to pressure in cylindrical member (10), then reaches the upper surface of undisturbed soil sample (12), Described shock plate (a) resistant to pressure is played and protects undisturbed soil sample (12) not acted on by gangue leachate impact erosion；Positioned at u-shaped Light plastic piece (14-8) in head control pipe (10-2) and the permanent magnet (14-7) above it are in gangue leachate (15) rise under buoyancy, reach identical with the liquid level of the interior liquid of cylindrical member (10), when the cylindrical member on top (10), when the liquid level of interior liquid rises to experiment preset height, supply electric forming electricity to electric coil (14-6) by wire (9) Magnet, drives runner (14-2) to rotate by handle (14-4) simultaneously, described runner (14-2) is tied with bracing wire (14-3), described Electric coil (14-6) moves vertically in chute (14-13) with bracing wire (14-3), and swing handle (14-4) adjusts bracing wire (14- 3) length makes water check valve (14-5) carry out coarse adjustment, Ran Hougai close to closed mode in the presence of light spring (14-10) The size of the connect supply voltage of outer lead (9) becoming electric coil (14-6), to carry out accurate adjustment, makes now water check valve (14-5) firm It is closed well；When the liquid level of liquid in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) is with the cylindrical member (10) on top When the liquid level of liquid declines, described light plastic piece (14-8) and permanent magnet (14-7) also decline therewith, permanent magnet (14-7) magnetic force and electric coil (14-6) between reduces, and the load that described light spring (14-10) is subject to increases generation and compresses Deformation, the water check valve (14-5) on light spring (14-10) is opened, and gangue leachate (15) continues on through tube for transfusion (14- 12) flow in cylindrical member (10) from gangue leachate shower nozzle (14-9) and fed；When being fed in cylindrical member (10) The liquid level of liquid rises to when exceeding the default high experimental of undisturbed soil sample (12) again, and water check valve (14-5) would be at closing Closed state, on the contrary then water check valve (14-5) opens continuation supply, has simulated high intensity gangue leachate and has stably infiltrated border Condition；

(2), stablize in infiltration process in simulation high intensity gangue leachate, ooze out the gangue in undisturbed soil sample (12) Leachate flows out in limbers (1-5) and flows into out milliosmolarity measurement measuring cup (3) through plastic flexible pipe (2)；In high intensity bastard coal Stranguria caused by urinary stone filtrate is stablized in infiltration process, when observing that the moisturizing of gangue leachate bucket (14-1) is spaced apart more than 2 hours, explanation Reach and infiltrate stable, closing gangue leachate make-up system, stop experiment；Now, the interior coal of gangue leachate bucket (14-1) The loss amount of spoil leachate (15) is recorded as the gangue leachate always amount of falling into q_z, meanwhile, by gangue leachate bucket (14- 1) the difference record of the amount of gangue leachate do not penetrated in the loss amount of interior gangue leachate (15) and cylindrical member (10) For gangue leachate infiltration capacity q_r, check out the gangue leachate oozing out undisturbed soil sample (12) in milliosmolarity measurement measuring cup (3) Amount, and this read-record is gone out milliosmolarity q for gangue leachate_c；

Each parameter monitoring in step 6, simulation process

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Analysis on monitoring result in step 7, simulation process

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 8, infiltrated water calculate

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 9, Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity calculate

Concrete steps are with embodiment one；

Step 10, hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient calculate

Concrete steps are with embodiment one.

Claims (6)

1. modularity multiple intensity gangue leachate infiltrate soil column leaching device it is characterised in that include bottom member (1), It is connected to the soil column leaching standard element (4) of one or more series connection and the soil column leaching standard element on bottom member (1) (4) multiple intensity gangue leachates at top infiltrate supply analog (c)；

Described bottom member (1) includes the base (1-1) positioned at bottom, and it is soft that the collection water spot on base (1-1) passes through plastics Pipe (2) accesses out milliosmolarity measuring cup (3), and plastic flexible pipe (2) is provided with the 3rd flow transducer (3-1), the 3rd flow transducer (3-1) access computer (7)；The top of base (1-1) is provided with bearing column (1-2), and the top of bearing column (1-2) is provided with height Air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3), the surrounding edge of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) inwall all with bottom member (1) pipe fitting (1-7) Level is close to, and the top of high air-entry value pottery clay plates (1-3) is provided with filter paper (1-4), the upper surface of filter paper (1-4) and undisturbed soil sample (12) contact；The top of pipe fitting (1-7) is provided with external screw thread linkage section (1-6), and external screw thread linkage section (1-6) passes through flange (6) It is connected with soil column leaching standard element (4)；

Described soil column leaching standard element (4) passes through soil column leaching standard structure by two identical semicylinders through clip (4-30) Clip recess (4-3) place of part (4) tube wall (4-1) connects into a cylinder, the tube wall (4- of soil column leaching standard element (4) 1) it is provided with circular aperture (4-4) on, circular aperture (4-4) is used cooperatively with rubber stopper (5-7)；Multiple soil column leaching standard structures Threaded section (4-2) of upper and lower side is attached by part (4) by flange (6)；Insert (5) passes through rubber stopper (5-7) and inserts Enter in undisturbed soil sample (12), data all real-time Transmission that insert (5) inner sensor is gathered are to computer (7)；Soil Thermal passes Lead suction probe (4-7) through, in circular aperture (4-4) insertion undisturbed soil sample (12), passing in soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) The data that sensor is gathered all real-time Transmission are to computer (7)；X-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) is inserted through circular aperture (4-4) Enter in undisturbed soil sample (12), data all real-time Transmission that x-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) is gathered are to computer (7)；Earth pillar Multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) are fixed with experimental standard component (4), each water inlet of multiple pressure-measuring pipes (4-9) is through circular aperture (4-4) in insertion undisturbed soil sample (12)；Described insert (5) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar, soil heat conduction suction Probe (4-7) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar, and x-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar, Pressure-measuring pipe (4-9) is arranged according to same row on earth pillar；

Multiple intensity gangue leachates infiltrate supply analog (c) inclusion low-intensity gangue leachate and entirely infiltrate supply mould Intend device (16), middle intensity gangue leachate have runoff infiltrate supply analog (17) and high intensity gangue leachate steady It is incorporated into impregnation to analog (14)；

Described low-intensity gangue leachate entirely infiltrates supply analog (16) and includes outside quarter graduated bastard coal stranguria caused by urinary stone Filtrate tank (16-1), tube for transfusion (16-12) and gangue leachate shower nozzle are passed through in the lower section of gangue leachate bucket (16-1) (16-9) connect, gangue leachate shower nozzle (16-9) is arranged at the cylindrical member (10) on soil column leaching standard element (4) top Top, exceeds undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface 2-5 centimeters and is provided with shock plate (a) resistant to pressure, water resistant in cylindrical member (10) It is provided with sieve aperture in pressure shock plate (a)；Light plastic piece (16-8) is provided with the liquid level in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2), Described light plastic piece (16-8) form is thin discs, is provided with forever in the circular groove above described light plastic piece (16-8) Long Magnet (16-7), permanent magnet (16-7) be arranged above the electric coil (16-6) that bracing wire (16-3) is hung, electric coil (16-6) it is circumscribed with wire (9), the upper end of bracing wire (16-3) twines on runner (16-2), and runner (16-2) is provided with handle (16-4), runner (16-2) upper end bracing wire (16-3) is by putting forth effort aperture and water check valve (16-5) bottom of component (16-11) It is connected, water check valve (16-5) lower end is provided with light spring (16-10), described cylindrical member (10) and u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) it is connected, light plastic piece (16-8), permanent magnet (16-7) and electric coil (16-6) are all in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) motion in chute (16-13)；Described chute (16-13) is embedded in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) inwall, described electricity Coil (16-6) is provided with slide rail (16-14) according to edge trisection, and described slide rail (16-14) can be in chute (16-13) Freely move up and down；Described low-intensity gangue leachate entirely infiltrates supply analog (16) and controls undisturbed soil sample (12) table The liquid level of face liquid is less than 1mm；

Described middle intensity gangue leachate have runoff infiltrate supply analog (17) include be arranged on cylindrical member (10) Interior gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) and the circular aperture (17- being arranged on gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) bottom 10), exceed undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface 2-5 centimeters in cylindrical member (10) and be provided with shock plate (a) resistant to pressure, resistant to pressure Sieve aperture is provided with shock plate (a)；The top of described gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) is provided with pressure control pipe (17-8) And the feed tube (17-7) being connected with outside gangue leachate；It is provided with liquid inlet electromagnetic valve (17- on described feed tube (17-7) 2), liquid feeding pump (17-1) and the first flow sensor (17-3) for the amount of gangue leachate is carried out with real-time monitoring；Institute State and electromagnetic pressure control valve (17-5) and pressure transducer are provided with gangue leachate container inner pressure control pipe (17-8) (17-6), the afterbody of described gangue leachate container inner pressure control pipe (17-8) is connected with air compressor (17-4)；Institute It is provided with the top inner wall stating gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) for liquid interior to gangue leaching liquid container (17-9) Liquid level carry out the level sensor (17-11) of real-time monitoring；On undisturbed soil sample (12) in described cylindrical member (10) Outer side surface has liquid outlet (10-1), and liquid outlet (10-1) accesses run-off measuring cup (13) by plastic flexible pipe (2), described moulds It is provided with second flow sensor (13-1), described second flow sensor (13-1) is passed through wire (9) and accessed on material flexible pipe (2) Computer (7)；

Described high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrates supply analog (14) and includes outside quarter graduated gangue Leachate bucket (14-1), tube for transfusion (14-12) and gangue leachate shower nozzle are passed through in the lower section of gangue leachate bucket (14-1) (14-9) connect, gangue leachate shower nozzle (14-9) is arranged at the cylindrical member (10) on soil column leaching standard element (4) top Top, exceeds undisturbed soil sample (12) upper surface 2-5 centimeters and is provided with shock plate (a) resistant to pressure, water resistant in cylindrical member (10) It is provided with sieve aperture in pressure shock plate (a)；Light plastic piece (14-8) is provided with the liquid level in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2), Described light plastic piece (14-8) form is thin discs, is provided with forever in the circular groove above described light plastic piece (14-8) Long Magnet (14-7), permanent magnet (14-7) be arranged above the electric coil (14-6) that bracing wire (14-3) is hung, electric coil (14-6) it is circumscribed with wire (9), the upper end of bracing wire (14-3) twines on runner (14-2), and runner (14-2) is provided with handle (14-4), runner (14-2) upper end bracing wire (14-3) is by putting forth effort aperture and water check valve (14-5) bottom of component (14-11) It is connected, water check valve (14-5) lower end is provided with light spring (14-10), described cylindrical member (10) and u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) it is connected, light plastic piece (14-8), permanent magnet (14-7) and electric coil (14-6) are all in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) motion in chute (14-13)；Described chute (14-13) is embedded in u-shaped head control pipe (10-2) inwall, described electric wire Circle (14-6) is provided with slide rail (14-14) according to edge trisection, and described slide rail (14-14) can in chute (14-13) certainly By moving up and down, described high intensity gangue leachate stably infiltrates supply analog (14) and controls undisturbed soil sample (12) table The liquid level of face liquid is higher than more than 1cm；

Described bearing column (1-2) includes load pillar support (1-22) and bearing column main body (1-21) fixed thereon, institute State load pillar support (1-22) to be formed in one with base (1-1), load pillar support (1-22) vertically projects according to " one in earth pillar The circumference in the individual center of circle+with base (1-1) radius 1/2 as radius is to five equal portions " mode arranges.

2. the multiple intensity gangue leachate of modularity according to claim 1 infiltrates soil column leaching device, and its feature exists In described bearing column main body (1-21) length difference makes base (1-1) assume the gradient；

Described bottom member (1), soil column leaching standard element (4) and cylindrical member (10) are made by high temperature resistant glass fibre reinforced plastic.

3. the multiple intensity gangue leachate of modularity according to claim 1 infiltrates soil column leaching device, and its feature exists It is provided with insertion needle (5-6) in, described insert (5) foremost, the corner of insert (5) internal pipeline is provided with Rubber sheet gasket (5-1), is provided with expelling means (5-2) in internal pipeline, expelling means (5-2) include Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4- 5), expelling means (5-2) rear end and wire (9) are attached, and the afterbody of expelling means (5-2) is arranged with light spring (5-4), lightweight The end of spring (5-4) is provided with prober controller (5-5), and the outside stage casing of insert (5) is provided with baffle plate (5-3).

4. the multiple intensity gangue leachate of modularity according to claim 1 infiltrates soil column leaching device, and its feature exists In described circular aperture (4-4) shape size is consistent with rubber stopper (5-7) and is tightly combined, and arrangement mode is: phase in longitudinal direction Every arranging and following upper tightly lower sparse principle, transversely divide arrangement around soil column leaching standard element (4) outer circumference 8 grade.

5. the multiple intensity gangue leachate of modularity according to claim 1 infiltrates soil column leaching device, and its feature exists In described clip (4-30) is made up of two halves circular steel ring (4-34) and by rivet (4-35) riveting of one end, clip (4- 30) another end connector (4-33) passes through lead screw (4-31) and nut (4-32) to adjust the tightness of clip (4-30), The standard cylindrical member of making is combined closely；

It is provided with flange screw thread (6-1), the two ends of flange (6) are provided with swing handle (6-2) inside described flange (6).

6. the multiple intensity gangue leachate of modularity according to claim 1 infiltrates soil column leaching device, and its feature exists In the described signal end of computer (7) is connected with the signal end of microcontroller (7-0), and microcontroller (7-0) is provided with warm and humid Degree detects outfan (7-2), matric suction detects outfan (7-3) and concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4)；Temperature Humidity detects outfan (7-2) and connects Temperature Humidity Sensor probe (4-5) through wire (9), and matric suction detects outfan (7-3) Connect soil heat conduction suction probe (4-7) through wire (9), concentration of heavy metal ion monitor value outfan (7-4) is through wire (9) Connect x-ray fluorescence spectrum probe (4-8).