CN108645998A - A kind of test method causing karst collapse for simulated groundwater - Google Patents
A kind of test method causing karst collapse for simulated groundwater Download PDFInfo
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- CN108645998A CN108645998A CN201810452845.2A CN201810452845A CN108645998A CN 108645998 A CN108645998 A CN 108645998A CN 201810452845 A CN201810452845 A CN 201810452845A CN 108645998 A CN108645998 A CN 108645998A
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of test method that simulation Groundwater In The Karst Area activity causes karst overburden to collapse, including agent model structure, water drainage-supply system and control and monitoring system.Water level and water speed are controlled by variable frequency pump and water valve come simulated groundwater to change, the forming process for changing and collapsing using camera record rock cranny.The present invention is suitable for Geological Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering field, and the forming process of karst collapse caused by simulated groundwater activity helps to study karst collapse mechanism and surface subsidence rule under Groundwater In The Karst Area activity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geological Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering fields, more particularly, to a kind of quantitative study karst area
Lower water activity causes the test method that karst overburden collapses.
Background technology
Karst collapse is the special geologic hazard type in karst area, it refers to latent can be deposited in lava under the cover
In karst cavity, under nature or human factor effect, coating substance enters karst cavity along Karst corridor, causes overburden soil
Body is missed, the natural phenomena for causing ground to occur collapsing.Common karst collapse is to dive to light up to collapse to inhale to light up with vacuum to collapse,
Underground water has great influence to the formation of karst collapse, therefore the underground water action for influencing karst collapse is important by the present invention
Governing factor.With the development of industrial or agricultural and engineering construction, the Disasters of Karst Pitfall caused by karst area, Human dried bloodstains
It is increased, it causes to seriously endanger to socio-economic development and engineering construction, causes serious prestige safely to the people's lives and property
Therefore the side of body to the evolution mechanism of karst collapse, monitoring and prediction and study on growth degree, has great economic implications and society
Value.The present invention mainly considers that groundwater dynamics condition, can to collapsing the influence of growth course using karst physical experiments
The process of karst collapse is reproduced, the understanding for the essence that develops to karst collapse is promoted, helps to study karst collapse mechanism and ground
Settlement law.
Invention content
In order to probe into the principle that groundwater activities cause karst collapse, the deficiencies in the prior art, institute of the present invention are solved
Technical problems to be solved are to provide the test method that a kind of quantitative study groundwater activities cause karst collapse.
The present invention, which solves the above problems, to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of simulation Groundwater In The Karst Area activity causes the test method of karst collapse, which is characterized in that the present invention relates to
And content includes agent model structure, water drainage-supply system and control and monitoring system.The agent model structure includes karst mould
Quasi- case (1), karst strata (2), solution cavity (3) and coating (4).Karst simulation box (1) is made of organic glass, karst strata
(2) it is made of concrete block, the prefabricated circular hole simulation solution cavity (3) in middle part, coating (4) is made of the red clay for being derived from karst region.
Described karst simulation box (1) upper cover is prefabricated with several big holes and small sircle hole, and macropore is used for doing ventilation opening (22),
Ventilation opening can add removable cover to seal, and aperture is used for through the sebific duct of rainfall system (10), the snorkel of vacuum pump (11) and sedimentation
The copper tube of bar (12), hollow pipe use glass cement fixing seal after passing through small sircle hole；The prefabricated circle in karst simulation box (1) bottom
Hole passes through water inlet pipe (9) by drainpipe (8), two each prefabricated circular holes of karst simulation box (1) left and right.
The water drainage-supply system is divided into water system and drainage system, and water system is divided into direct water system and rainfall
System.Water drainage-supply system includes water tank (5), sink (6), karst (7), drainpipe (8), water inlet pipe (9), rainfall equipment
(10)；Directly water system refers to that left and right is each twice there are one water tank (5) outside karst simulation box (1), and karst simulation box (1) is interior
Side the right and left respectively has a sink (6), and the karst water in water tank (5) passes through water valve (16-1), the water meter (17- on water inlet pipe (9)
1), pressure gauge (18) enters sink (6), then enters karst (7) by sink (6)；Rainfall system refers to rainfall equipment (10)
It is that resource of water supply is made with water tank (5-2), karst simulation box (1) upper cover is fixed on sebific duct connection sprayer, simulated atmosphere rainfall,
To coating implement rainfall, make sample soil surface have a thin layer water body it is uniform under ooze, pass through water valve (16-3) control switch, water meter
(17-3) measures the amount of rainfall；Drainage system refers to that drainpipe (8) is connected to karst simulation box (1) bottom, is flowed into drainpipe (8)
Water, pass sequentially through drain valve (16-2), variable frequency pump (19), water meter (17-2), with drain valve (16-2) control switch, with change
The flow velocity of frequency water pump (19) control water outlet, water meter (17-2) record discharge water.
The control and monitoring system includes control system and monitoring system.Control system includes vacuum pump (11), water valve
(16), variable frequency pump (19), ventilation opening (22)；Monitoring system includes sedimentation bar (12), pressure-measuring pipe (13), video camera (14), carves
Spend ruler (15), water meter (17), pressure gauge (18), dusting cover (20), balance (21).Water level is controlled by water drainage-supply system, works as closing
Drain valve (16-2) is opened inlet valve (16-1) water level and is risen, and water adjusting valve opening degree controls the water level rate of climb；Work as closing
Inlet valve (16-1) opens drain valve (16-2), and water level decreasing controls water level decreasing speed by variable frequency pump (19), uses scale
Ruler (15) measures water level, and inflow and water yield are recorded with water meter (17), and hydraulic pressure is recorded with pressure gauge (18).
The pressure-measuring pipe (13) measures the dynamic change of karst water；Pressure gauge (18) measures water pressure；Vacuum pump
(11), ventilation opening (22) controls karst simulation box (1) interior air pressure；Bar (12) is settled to measure the local settling amount of the soil body；It takes the photograph
Camera (14) records during the test collapses generating process, monitoring soil body sedimentation per a moment soil deformation；With being fixed on karst
The graduated scale (15) of simulation box (1) side calculates the bulk settling amount of the soil body by measuring；The water of discharge passes through dusting cover (20)
Filtering weighs the quality for being lost in the soil body with balance (21), when soil body number of dropouts increases sharply, can prejudge soil cave and further expand,
Karst collapse will occur；Sedimentation bar is the small sircle hole that a hollow copper tube passes through karst simulation box (1) upper cover prefabricated, uses steel wire
Across red copper tube hub, dial gauge is fixed in upper end, and bottom is on a small iron plate in embedding coating, and soil body sedimentation can drive small iron
Piece moves down, thus read the local soil body sedimentation deformation.
To sum up, the method for the present invention principle is to simulate karst using water drainage-supply system by establishing karst collapse physical model
The dynamic change of regional underground water, using control and monitoring system control pressure, water level, the process that monitoring karst collapse occurs is surveyed
Measure hydraulic pressure, water flow, coating sedimentation deformation, the quality etc. for being lost in the soil body.And then probe into Groundwater In The Karst Area activity initiation
The mechanism and settlement law of karst collapse.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
1, rainfall system can simulate the natural environment of karst area very well, and water inlet water outlet and the loss soil body can be measured
Change, can voluntarily control pressure, each point water pressure in real-time observation model inhales candle cause and collapses pattern for collapse pattern, vacuum of latent candle cause
It is simulated and is explored.
2, the bulk settling that coating is measured using steel ruler is measured part sedimentation using bar is settled, passes through whole and part
Comparison, disclose solution cavity crack and the influence that collapses settled to karst under groundwater activities.
3, model structure is collapsed to be simple and convenient to operate, is at low cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention (front view).
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the side view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged diagram for settling bar
In Fig. 1,1 karst simulation box, 2 karst stratas, 3 solution cavities, 4 coatings, 5 water tanks, 6 sinks, 7 karsts, 8 drainings
Pipe, 9 water inlet pipes, 10 rainfall equipment, 11 vacuum pumps, 12 sedimentation bars, 13 pressure-measuring pipes, 14 video cameras, 16 water valves, 17 water meters, 18 pressures
Power table, 19 variable frequency pumps, 20 dusting covers, 21 balances, 22 ventilation openings.
In Fig. 3,15 graduated scales.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with concrete operations below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to more fully understand in the present invention
Hold.
A kind of test method causing karst collapse for simulated groundwater activity, agent structure is as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, should
Experimental rig includes karst simulation box (1), karst strata (2), solution cavity (3), coating (4), water tank (5), sink (6), karst
Pipeline (7), water inlet pipe (9), rainfall equipment (10), vacuum pump (11), sedimentation bar (12), pressure-measuring pipe (13), is taken the photograph drainpipe (8)
Camera (14), graduated scale (15), water valve (16), water meter (17), pressure gauge (18), variable frequency pump (19), dusting cover (20), balance
(21), ventilation opening (22).
As shown in Figure 1, pressure-measuring pipe (13) is fixed on the inside of sink (6) first, by karst strata (2) prefabricated solution cavity (3),
Sink (6), karst strata (2) simulation material coating (4) simulation material are sequentially added again and are fixed on karst simulation box (1)
It is interior, rainfall equipment (10) is then fixed on karst simulation box (1) upper cover, then by the sebific duct of rainfall equipment (10), vacuum pump
(11) copper tube of snorkel and sedimentation bar (12) is by the prefabricated circular hole of upper cover and fixation, the iron of sedimentation bar (12) bottom end
The embedding coating top of piece connects with dial gauge, and water valve (16-3) and water meter (17-3) are sequentially fixed at rainfall equipment (10)
It on sebific duct, then connect with water tank (5-2), finally upper cover is sealed on karst simulation box；By water valve (16-1), water meter (17-
1), pressure gauge (18) is sequentially fixed on water inlet pipe (9), then water tank (5) water inlet pipe (9) sink (6) is sequentially connected；By water valve
(16-2), variable frequency pump (19), water meter (17-2) are sequentially fixed on drainpipe (8), then drainpipe (8) is fixed on molten simulation
Case (1) bottom, is connected to karst (7), and drainpipe (8) mouth is placed on dusting cover (20), gets out balance (21) and measures at any time,
Graduated scale (15) is finally fixed on to the side of simulation box, video camera (14) is placed on to the front of karst case.
After soil stabilization for a period of time after, set the initial value of instrument and equipment, open ventilation opening (22) and video camera
(14), then water valve (16-1) is opened, the karst water in water tank (5) passes through water valve (16-1), the water meter (17- on water inlet pipe (9)
1), pressure gauge (18) enters sink (6), monitors inflow and water pressure, then enters karst (7) by sink (6), on water level
It rises, water-stage record pressure-measuring pipe hydraulic pressure is measured with graduated scale (15)；Water valve (16-1) is closed, water valve (16-2) and variable frequency pump are opened
(19) it is drained, water level decreasing, record pressure-measuring pipe (13) hydraulic pressure and the local displacement for settling the decline of bar (12) overburden soil, scale
Ruler (15) records coating global displacement, weighs the loss soil body in dusting cover (20), repetitive cycling；
When simulated atmosphere rainfall, only open water valve (16-3), make sample soil surface have a thin layer water body it is uniform under ooze, water meter
(17-3) measures the amount of rainfall, the settling amount and variation in water pressure of record coating (4)；When reducing air pressure, ventilation opening (22) is closed, is made
Simulation box is in closed state, opens vacuum pump (11)；When boost air pressure, vacuum pump (11) is closed, opens ventilation opening (22).
To sum up, reference can be provided for karst collapse mechanism caused by the groundwater activities of research in varied situations.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of for simulating the test method that Groundwater In The Karst Area activity causes karst collapse, it is characterised in that：This method
Including agent model structure, water drainage-supply system and control and monitoring system.The agent model structure includes karst simulation box
(1), karst strata (2), solution cavity (3) and coating (4)；Water drainage-supply system include water tank (5), sink (6), karst (7),
Drainpipe (8), water inlet pipe (9), rainfall equipment (10), control and monitoring system include vacuum pump (11), sedimentation bar (12), pressure-measuring pipe
(13), video camera (14), graduated scale (15), water valve (16), water meter (17), pressure gauge (18), variable frequency pump (19), dusting cover
(20), balance (21), ventilation opening (22).Karst simulation box (1) is made of clear perspex material, in karst simulation box (1)
Karst strata (2) be made of concrete block, coating (4) is made of the red clay for being derived from karst region, and in karst strata (2)
Portion is prefabricated solution cavity (3).
2. test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Outside the karst simulation box (1) or so twice
Water tank (5) there are one each, karst simulation box (1) inside the right and left respectively have a sink (6), the karst water in water tank (5) to pass through
Water valve (16-1), water meter (17-1), pressure gauge (18) on water inlet pipe (9) enter sink (6), monitor inflow and water pressure,
Karst (7) is entered by sink (6) again, the side of karst simulation box (1) is fixed on graduated scale (15), for measuring water
Position；Rainfall equipment (10) is to make resource of water supply with water tank (5-2), is fixed on karst simulation box (1) with sebific duct connection sprayer
Lid, simulated atmosphere rainfall, to coating implement rainfall, make sample soil surface have a thin layer water body it is uniform under ooze, pass through water valve (16-
3) control switch, water meter (17-3) measure the amount of rainfall；Drainpipe (8) is connected to karst simulation box (1) bottom, with water valve (16-2)
Control switch, with the flow velocity of variable frequency pump (19) control water outlet, water meter (17-2) record discharge water, the water of discharge passes through dusting cover
(20) it filters, the quality for being lost in the soil body is weighed with balance (21).
3. according to test method described in claim 1 is sought, it is characterised in that：The pressure-measuring pipe (13) measures karst water
Dynamic change, vacuum pump (11), ventilation opening (22) control karst simulation box (1) interior air pressure；It is a hollow red copper to settle bar (12)
Pipe is across karst simulation box (1) upper cover, and with steel wire through its center, dial gauge is fixed in upper end, and lower end lies on a small iron plate and puts
It sets in coating, thus measures the settling amount of the local soil body.
4. according to test method described in claim 1 is sought, it is characterised in that：The video camera (14) is remembered during the test
Record collapses generating process, monitoring soil body sedimentation per a moment soil deformation；Graduated scale (15) is measuring the bulk settling amount of the soil body.
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| CN201810452845.2A CN108645998A (en) | 2018-05-13 | 2018-05-13 | A kind of test method causing karst collapse for simulated groundwater |
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| CN201810452845.2A CN108645998A (en) | 2018-05-13 | 2018-05-13 | A kind of test method causing karst collapse for simulated groundwater |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109540727A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 长安大学 | A kind of experimental provision and experimental method of the crystallization of simulation Karst Tunnel drainpipe |
| CN109975504A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-05 | 河南理工大学 | Karst water system difference environmental effect is lauched lithofacies Interaction Simulation device and method |
| CN110044710A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Soil cave collapse experiment simulator under a kind of precipitation funnel |
| CN110161213A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-23 | 贵州大学 | A kind of experimental provision for simulating Karst region karst collapse |
| CN111122830A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-08 | 山东大学 | Covering type karst collapse simulation test device and operation method thereof |
| CN111256776A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-09 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地勘局第二地质大队) | Red line monitoring and early warning device and method for water level of karst collapse area |
| CN113565488A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-29 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Karst collapse development target area selection method based on drilling base rock surface fracture network simulation |
| CN113823166A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-21 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第五地质大队（山东省第五地质矿产勘查院） | Simulation device for covering type karst collapse caused by water level fluctuation |
| CN114088920A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-25 | 贵州大学 | Rock soil material positive and negative pressure undermining test device |
| CN114215122A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Testing device and method for instability of transmission tower foundation under karst soil cave development condition |
| CN114563263A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-05-31 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Device and method for simulating engineering impact induced karst collapse in seepage environment |
| CN117388466A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-12 | 山东科技大学 | Experimental device for simulating karst ground subsidence formation and evolution |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109540727A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 长安大学 | A kind of experimental provision and experimental method of the crystallization of simulation Karst Tunnel drainpipe |
| CN109540727B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-03-08 | 文山州广那高速公路投资建设开发有限公司 | Experimental device and experimental method for simulating karst tunnel drain pipe crystallization |
| CN109975504A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-05 | 河南理工大学 | Karst water system difference environmental effect is lauched lithofacies Interaction Simulation device and method |
| CN110044710A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Soil cave collapse experiment simulator under a kind of precipitation funnel |
| CN110044710B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2024-01-12 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Test simulation device for subsidence of soil hole under precipitation funnel |
| CN110161213A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-23 | 贵州大学 | A kind of experimental provision for simulating Karst region karst collapse |
| CN111122830A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-08 | 山东大学 | Covering type karst collapse simulation test device and operation method thereof |
| CN111122830B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-05-25 | 山东大学(齐河)新材料与智能装备研究院 | Covering type karst collapse simulation test device and operation method thereof |
| CN111256776A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-09 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地勘局第二地质大队) | Red line monitoring and early warning device and method for water level of karst collapse area |
| CN113565488B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-07-18 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Karst collapse development target area selection method based on borehole bedrock surface fracture network simulation |
| CN113565488A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-29 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Karst collapse development target area selection method based on drilling base rock surface fracture network simulation |
| CN113823166A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-21 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第五地质大队（山东省第五地质矿产勘查院） | Simulation device for covering type karst collapse caused by water level fluctuation |
| CN113823166B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-02-24 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第五地质大队（山东省第五地质矿产勘查院） | Simulation device for covering type karst collapse caused by water level fluctuation |
| CN114088920A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-25 | 贵州大学 | Rock soil material positive and negative pressure undermining test device |
| CN114215122A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Testing device and method for instability of transmission tower foundation under karst soil cave development condition |
| CN114563263A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-05-31 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Device and method for simulating engineering impact induced karst collapse in seepage environment |
| CN114563263B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-09-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Experimental method for simulating engineering impact induced karst collapse device in seepage environment |
| CN117388466A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-12 | 山东科技大学 | Experimental device for simulating karst ground subsidence formation and evolution |
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