CN103236209B - Riverway cross-section two-dimensional underground seepage hydraulic experiment device - Google Patents
Riverway cross-section two-dimensional underground seepage hydraulic experiment device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to an equipment manufacturing technology in the field of seepage hydraulics, and relates to a riverway cross-section two-dimensional underground seepage hydraulic experiment device. The front fa.ade is uniformly provided with sand sampling holes; an unsaturated zone and an underground seepage region are positioned above and below a phreatic line respectively; a sand packing is filled in a fa.ade steel framework groove body; the bottom of an underground seepage region water outlet vertical shaft is provided with a tee joint and a blow-down pipe valve which are fixedly connected with an underground water level adjusting tank; pressure measuring pipes on a pressure measuring row are fixedly connected with the sand sampling holes through hoses; the upstream tank bottom of a first overflow clapboard in the middle of a riverway water level adjusting tank is fixedly connected with a riverway water inlet hose, a flowmeter and a valve, and the downstream tank bottom is connected with an overflow pipe; the middle of the underground water level adjusting tank is provided with a second overflow clapboard; and a gravimetric method metering water tank is fixedly provided with a drain pipe valve, and is arranged on an electronic platform scale. The device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, easy to manufacture and master, flexible to control and adjust and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the equipment manufacturing technology in seepage hydraulics field, relate to and a kind of river channel cross section is descended to the basic experiment of seepage hydraulics and the equipment of systematic study two-dimensionally, particularly a kind of river channel cross section descends seepage hydraulics experimental provision two-dimensionally.
Background technology:
Often there is dry-out in northern China arid and semi-arid area seasonal stream, when interim initial several peb processes in flood season, there will be obvious river course along Cheng Shuiliang filter loss.Flood passage phase river course directly affects the water information such as the water regimes such as its peb process evolution, flood peak fluctuation, flood peak size and magnanimity and the increment of groundwater and supply process along journey seepage, for example be positioned at the groundwater reservoir of downstream, river, Dagu, Qingdao valley plain, 51km long from south to north, the average wide 5-8km of thing, total area 421.7km
2, the buried depth of rich aquifer sand layer and sand gravel layer is generally 4-8m, interim when flood season, when often there is upstream flood flood peak and evolving to downstream estuary without the situation of the flood flood peak that becomes a mandarin.Therefore, carry out the fundamental research that river channel cross section descends seepage hydraulics two-dimensionally, calculating and grasp river course seepage for accurate forecast, the recharge of ground water of seasonal stream flood flood peak affects mechanism and the effect of advance of freshet, has important scientific meaning and actual application value.
At present, mainly to adopt darcy experiment instrument, soil-column test, the test of individual well rotational symmetry and on-the-spot water-bearing zone bailing test means for the hydraulic research of underground percolation, the yardstick of model test is relatively little, seepage flow flow process is short, historical short, be difficult to reach and approach similar to reality, bailing test is subject to again the restriction of field condition, is difficult to carry out the systematic study of underground percolation knowledge question of water conservancy, and descends two-dimensionally the systematic study of seepage hydraulics problem and achievement thereof to there is not yet bibliographical information to river channel cross section.Therefore, seek to design and a kind ofly descend two-dimensionally seepage hydraulics to carry out basic and experimental provision systematic Study to river channel cross section, there is important scientific meaning and actual application value, the exploitation of this experimental provision, consider the one-dimensional characteristic of river advance of freshet, the two dimensional fluid flow feature of river course to below, river bed and two side direction links closely, carry out generalizing processing, make every effort to both make problem be simplified accordingly, can catch again principal character and the influence factor of problem, the evolution of river flood when dry, first what run into is flood forward's Seepage problems, this point is all similar on river channel cross section, can be in instantaneous Seepage problems from simulate formation transversal section to river cross-section water-filling that come, the secondth, in flood wave communication process, maintain the certain water level of river channel cross section, form the Seepage problems of underground transversal section, the 3rd is the accurate forecast of research seasonal river seepage on flood flood peak and the impact of recharge of ground water calculating, the control volume of its Study of Fluid unit is normally got section or the river channel cross section of unit length and is analyzed, and the otherness of each river channel cross section can adopt variable to represent.As whether dry in river course form and yardstick, river water level and WATER LEVEL CHANGES, sand grating, packing, porosity, water percentage (saturation degree), initial stage, water-bearing zone and aeration zone thickness and precipitation intensity etc.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists, seeking design provides a kind of river channel cross section to descend two-dimensionally seepage hydraulics experimental provision, the problem such as mechanism and effect that affects advance of freshet for accurate forecast, recharge of ground water calculating and the grasp river course seepage of northern China arid and semi-arid area seasonal stream flood flood peak provides accurate technical method and experimental provision, solves a difficult problem for aeration zone unsaturation two dimensional fluid flow, surface precipitation and river water level and the WATER LEVEL CHANGES that cannot consider in normal experiment device.
To achieve these goals, agent structure of the present invention comprises facade steel framework cell body, facade after cell body, front facade, right side facade, the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade, sole plate, bottom panel, set bolt, porous plate, framework girder steel, framework steel column, sand thieff hatch, phreatic line, river course, river levee, river water level line, the outer ground of river levee, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft, determine head water supply pipe valve, the first valve, first flow meter, along the journey antipriming pipe of releasing, feed pipe, river water level regulating box, the first weir divider, river course water supply hose, the second flowmeter, the second valve, run-down pipe, the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the first fixed support, underground water table regulating box, the second weir divider, underground percolation delivery hose, threeway, emptying pipe valve, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the second fixed support, underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe, gravimetric method metering water tank, draining pipe valve, electronic weighbridge, river water level scale, underground water level of drilled shaft scale, underground percolation district, aeration zone, fixed support, self-locking ratchet, slide rail, ratchet, detent, rocking bar, handle, pressure measurement row, piezometric tube, scale and flexible pipe, facade steel framework cell body top is hatch frame, and after cell body, facade and front facade are processed into by poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, observe sand pervious bed and phreatic line when experiment, right side facade and the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade are processed into by steel plate, and the door that facade dismantled and assembled door-plate in left side goes out sand as cell body is river course Central Symmetry vertical plane, the sole plate of facade steel framework cell body bottom is processed into by square steel, and the bottom panel on sole plate is processed into by steel plate, the fastening left side of set bolt facade dismounting door-plate and sole plate, the upper and lower end of the framework steel column of the forward and backward both sides of facade steel framework cell body adopts beam welding to form circle body force structure, prevent that unbalance stress from causing facade steel boom well body deformability and cracking, it is stressed that between each framework girder steel of the forward and backward both sides of facade steel framework cell body and each circle body structure, welding forms steel framework entirety, after the bottom surface of facade steel framework cell body, cell body, between facade, front facade and the each facade of right side facade, uses respectively waterproof strong glue or the leakproof of adhesive tape adhering and sealing, porous plate adopts permeable dividing plate, and underground percolation district and water side vertical shaft are separated, and the left side of porous plate covers one deck or two layers of burlap sheet, prevents sand running-down, the method that adopts gridding method interval to layout on front facade is uniformly distributed and is shaped with sand thieff hatch, and sand thieff hatch is used for the sand of sampling, and is convenient to measure the character of sand in stratum, and plug sealing is installed, phreatic line is a performance graph, the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in reflection underground percolation district, and the below of phreatic line is underground percolation district, the top of phreatic line is aeration zone, in facade steel framework cell body, be filled with sand filler, river course is the half of single entry or compound cross-section, covers one deck or two layers of burlap sheet on river course, prevents into the water landform of destroying by rush of water, or makes permeable fixed bed, river levee is clay compacting body, and levee crown and side slope are done protective treatment, and protection river levee is not destroyed by rush of water, river water level line is a performance graph, the variation of reflection river flood position, Surface mulch one deck or two layers of burlap sheet on the outer ground of river levee, prevent along the journey precipitation of the antipriming pipe landform of destroying by rush of water of releasing, vertical shaft accepted scale observation water side, vadose region, water side, underground percolation district water level, the bottom of underground percolation district water side vertical shaft is shaped with threeway and emptying pipe valve, threeway is fixedly connected with underground water table regulating box by underground percolation delivery hose with emptying pipe valve, and emptying pipe valve is for discharging the underground water of experiment vadose region in facade steel framework cell body, each piezometric tube on pressure measurement row adopts flexible pipe to be fixedly connected with sand thieff hatch, and for measuring the some pressure in underground percolation district, scale is used for reading each point pressure, to calculate underground water table, seepage velocity and infiltration coefficient hydraulic elements, determine head water supply pipe valve and be fixedly connected with outside laboratory high-level tank water system, open and determine head water supply pipe valve, supply water to river water level regulating box by feed pipe, in the middle of river water level regulating box, be shaped with the first weir divider, at the bottom of the upstream case of the first weir divider, be fixedly connected with river course water supply hose, the second flowmeter and the second valve, for regulating flow and the poised stream water level controlling and be metered to river cross-section, at the bottom of the downstream tank of the first weir divider, be connected with run-down pipe, run-down pipe flows into outside laboratory water-break system, facade dismantled and assembled door-plate in left side is fixedly shaped with the first fixed support, the first fixed support is fixed on the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter on facade steel framework cell body, the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter is used for regulating river water level height, simulating riverway SEA LEVEL VARIATION, the river water level regulating box lifting that handle shake rocking bar swing pinion band carry-over bar connects, self-locking ratchet self-locking is contrary, in the time that experiment need to reduce water level, manually remove detent, reversing gear handle, river water level regulating box is reduced to and needs height of water level, put down detent enforcement self-locking contrary, read river water level by river water level scale, if early stage, river course was dry, experiment starts to wash by water to testing flood stage to river course, so that impact and the recharge of ground water situation of simulating riverway seepage on advance of freshet, if early stage, there was water in river course, experiment starts front a few hours or a couple of days to river course bath to initial water level, then is adjusted to experiment flood stage, carries out corresponding Experiment Data Records, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft is connected with underground water table regulating box with flexible pipe by bottom threeway, in the middle of underground water table regulating box, be provided with the second weir divider, at the bottom of the upstream case of the second weir divider, connect water side, vadose region vertical shaft by flexible pipe, be convenient to stablize underground water table, at the bottom of the downstream tank of the second weir divider, connect underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe, water in underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe flows into gravimetric method metering water tank, on gravimetric method metering water tank, be fixedly shaped with emptied of water pipe valve, gravimetric method metering water tank is placed on electronic weighbridge, time recording underground water table and seepage flow water outlet weight, to obtain water level and the discharge curve of seepage flow, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter is used for regulating underground water table height, and simulate formation water level changes, and fixed support is fixed on the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter on facade steel framework cell body, the underground water table regulating box lifting that handle shake rocking bar swing pinion band carry-over bar connects, self-locking ratchet meeting self-locking is contrary, in the time that experiment need to reduce water level, manually remove detent, reversing gear handle, underground water table regulating box is reduced to needs height of water level, puts down detent enforcement self-locking contrary, reads underground water table by underground water table scale, determining head water supply pipe valve is fixedly connected with outside laboratory high-level tank water system, the first valve and the second flowmeter for regulate control and metering simulation Precipitation Process along the release water yield of antipriming pipe of journey, release antipriming pipe precipitation infiltration simulation system according to experimental program control precipitation intensity along journey, implement simulation Precipitation Process by facade steel framework cell body top open part, when valve Close All, illustrate that this river cross-section present position is without precipitation, river flood and transversal section two dimension underground percolation produce by upland water.
The agent structure of the self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter the present invention relates to comprises facade steel framework cell body, underground water table regulating box, the second fixed support, fixed support, self-locking ratchet and slide rail; On facade steel framework cell body, be fixedly shaped with fixed support, support bracket fastened middle part is shaped with self-locking ratchet, and support bracket fastened outside parallel construction is shaped with slide rail, and the middle downside of slide rail is fixedly shaped with underground water table regulating box by the second fixed support; On the side surface body of slide rail, be fixedly shaped with self-locking gear & rack structure by detent, self-locking gear & rack structure coordinates interlock to combine by self-locking ratchet, ratchet, rocking bar and handle, realizes by manually carrying out auto-lock function.
The present invention compared with prior art, it is simple in structure, easy to operate, be easy to manufacture and grasp, the control of experiment condition and flexible adjustment, experimental technique and reliable results, realize environmental friendliness, solve aeration zone unsaturation two dimensional fluid flow, surface precipitation and river water level and the WATER LEVEL CHANGES difficult problem that in normal experiment device, cannot consider, affect the problem in science such as mechanism and effect of advance of freshet for accurate forecast, the recharge of ground water of research seasonal stream flood flood peak calculate and grasp river course seepage, comparatively accurate technical method and applicable experimental provision are provided.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is agent structure principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the pressure measurement row structural principle schematic diagram the present invention relates to.
Fig. 3 is the self-locking rack-and-pinion elevator structure principle schematic the present invention relates to, and wherein a is elevator structure principle schematic, and b is self-locking gear & rack structure principle schematic.
Embodiment:
Also be described further by reference to the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
The agent structure of the present embodiment comprises facade steel framework cell body 1, facade 2 after cell body, front facade 3, right side facade 4, the dismantled and assembled door-plate 5 of left side facade, sole plate 6, bottom panel 7, set bolt 8, porous plate 9, framework girder steel 10, framework steel column 11, sand thieff hatch 12, phreatic line 13, river course 14, river levee 15, river water level line 16, the outer ground 17 of river levee, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft 18, determine head water supply pipe valve 19, the first valve 20, first flow meter 21, along the journey antipriming pipe 22 of releasing, feed pipe 23, river water level regulating box 24, the first weir divider 25, river course water supply hose 26, the second flowmeter 27, the second valve 28, run-down pipe 29, the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 30, the first fixed support 31, underground water table regulating box 32, the second weir divider 33, underground percolation delivery hose 34, threeway 35, emptying pipe valve 36, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 37, the second fixed support 38, underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe 39, gravimetric method metering water tank 40, draining pipe valve 41, electronic weighbridge 42, river water level scale 43, underground water level of drilled shaft scale 44, underground percolation district 45, aeration zone 46, fixed support 47, self-locking ratchet 48, slide rail 49, ratchet 50, detent 51, rocking bar 52, handle 53, pressure measurement row 54, piezometric tube 55, scale 56 and flexible pipe 57, facade steel framework cell body 1 top is hatch frame, and after cell body, facade 2 and front facade 3 are processed into by poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, observes sand pervious bed and phreatic line 13 when experiment, the dismantled and assembled door-plate 5 of right side facade 4 and left side facade is processed into by steel plate, and the door that facade dismantled and assembled door-plate 5 in left side goes out sand as cell body is river course Central Symmetry vertical plane, the sole plate 6 of facade steel framework cell body 1 bottom is processed into by square steel, and the bottom panel 7 on sole plate 6 is processed into by steel plate, the fastening left side of set bolt 8 facade dismounting door-plate 5 and sole plate 6, the upper and lower end of the framework steel column 11 of facade steel framework cell body 1 forward and backward both sides adopts beam welding to form circle body force structure, prevent that unbalance stress from causing that facade steel framework cell body 1 is out of shape and ftractures, it is stressed that between each framework girder steel 10 of facade steel framework cell body 1 forward and backward both sides and each circle body structure, welding forms steel framework entirety, after the bottom surface of facade steel framework cell body 1, cell body, between facade 2, front facade 3 and the each facade of right side facade 4, uses respectively waterproof strong glue or the leakproof of adhesive tape adhering and sealing, porous plate 9 adopts permeable dividing plate, and underground percolation district 45 and water side vertical shaft 18 are separated, and the left side of porous plate 9 covers one deck or two layers of burlap sheet, prevents sand running-down, the method that adopts gridding method interval to layout on front facade 3 is uniformly distributed and is shaped with sand thieff hatch 12, and sand thieff hatch 12, for the sand of sampling, is convenient to measure the character of sand in stratum, and plug sealing is installed, phreatic line 13 is a performance graph, the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in reflection underground percolation district, and the below of phreatic line 13 is underground percolation district 45, the top of phreatic line 13 is aeration zone 46, in facade steel framework cell body 1, be filled with sand filler, river course 14 is the half of single entry or compound cross-section, covers one deck or two layers of burlap sheet on river course 14, prevents into the water landform of destroying by rush of water, or makes permeable fixed bed, river levee 15 is clay compacting body, and levee crown and side slope are done protective treatment, and protection river levee is not destroyed by rush of water, river water level line 16 is a performance graph, the variation of reflection river flood position, Surface mulch one deck or two layers of burlap sheet on the outer ground 17 of river levee, prevent along the journey precipitation of antipriming pipe 22 landform of destroying by rush of water of releasing, water side vertical shaft 18 accepted scales 44 in underground percolation district are observed water side, vadose region water level, the bottom of underground percolation district water side vertical shaft 18 is shaped with threeway 35 and emptying pipe valve 36, threeway 35 is fixedly connected with underground water table regulating box 32 by underground percolation delivery hose 34 with emptying pipe valve 36, and emptying pipe valve 36 is for discharging the underground water of testing vadose region in facade steel framework cell body, each piezometric tube 55 on pressure measurement row 54 adopts flexible pipe 57 to be fixedly connected with sand thieff hatch 12, and for measuring the some pressure in underground percolation district, scale 56 is for reading each point pressure, to calculate underground water table, seepage velocity and infiltration coefficient hydraulic elements, determine head water supply pipe valve 19 and be fixedly connected with outside laboratory high-level tank water system, open and determine head water supply pipe valve 19, supply water to river water level regulating box 24 by feed pipe 23, in the middle of river water level regulating box 24, be shaped with the first weir divider 25, at the bottom of the upstream case of the first weir divider 25, be fixedly connected with river course water supply hose 26, the second flowmeter 27 and the second valve 28, for regulating flow and the poised stream water level controlling and be metered to river cross-section, at the bottom of the downstream tank of the first weir divider 25, be connected with run-down pipe 29, run-down pipe 29 flows into outside laboratory water-break system, facade dismantled and assembled door-plate 5 in left side is fixedly shaped with the first fixed support 31, the first fixed support 31 is fixed on the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 30 on facade steel framework cell body 1, the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 30 is for regulating river water level height, simulating riverway SEA LEVEL VARIATION, handle 53 shakes river water level regulating box 24 liftings that rocking bar 52 swing pinion band carry-over bars connect, and self-locking ratchet 50 self-lockings are contrary, in the time that experiment need to reduce water level, manually remove detent 51, reversing gear handle 53, river water level regulating box 24 is reduced to and needs height of water level, putting down detent 51, to implement self-locking contrary, reads river water level by river water level scale 43, if early stage, river course was dry, experiment starts to wash by water to testing flood stage to river course, so that impact and the recharge of ground water situation of simulating riverway seepage on advance of freshet, if early stage, there was water in river course, experiment starts front a few hours or a couple of days to river course bath to initial water level, then is adjusted to experiment flood stage, carries out corresponding Experiment Data Records, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft 18 is connected with underground water table regulating box 32 with flexible pipe 34 by bottom threeway 35, in the middle of underground water table regulating box 32, be provided with the second weir divider 33, at the bottom of the upstream case of the second weir divider 33, connect water side, vadose region vertical shaft 18 by flexible pipe 34, be convenient to stablize underground water table, at the bottom of the downstream tank of the second weir divider 33, connect underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe 39, water in underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe 39 flows into gravimetric method metering water tank 40, on gravimetric method metering water tank 40, be fixedly shaped with emptied of water pipe valve 41, gravimetric method metering water tank 40 is placed on electronic weighbridge 42, time recording underground water table and seepage flow water outlet weight, to obtain water level and the discharge curve of seepage flow, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 37 is for regulating underground water table height, and simulate formation water level changes, and fixed support 38 is fixed on the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter 37 on facade steel framework cell body 1, underground water table regulating system shakes by handle 53 underground water table regulating box 32 liftings that rocking bar 52 swing pinion band carry-over bars connect, and self-locking ratchet 50 meeting self-lockings are contrary, when experiment is need to reduce water level time, manually remove detent 51, reverse gear handle 53, underground water table regulating box 32 is reduced to needs height of water level, and putting down detent 51, to implement self-locking contrary, reads underground water table by underground water table scale 44, determining head water supply pipe valve 19 is fixedly connected with outside laboratory high-level tank water system, the first valve 20 and first flow meter 21 for regulate control and metering simulation Precipitation Process along the release water yield of antipriming pipe 22 of journey, release antipriming pipe precipitation infiltration simulation system according to experimental program control precipitation intensity along journey, implement simulation Precipitation Process by facade steel framework cell body top open part, when valve 20 Close Alls, illustrate that this river cross-section present position is without precipitation, river flood and transversal section two dimension underground percolation produce by upland water.
The agent structure of the self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter that the present embodiment relates to comprises facade steel framework cell body 1, underground water table regulating box 32, the second fixed support 38, fixed support 47, self-locking ratchet 48 and slide rail 49; On facade steel framework cell body 1, be fixedly shaped with fixed support 47, the middle part of fixed support 46 is shaped with self-locking ratchet 48, the outside parallel construction of fixed support 47 is shaped with slide rail 49, and the middle downside of slide rail 49 is fixedly shaped with underground water table regulating box 32 by the second fixed support 38; On the side surface body of slide rail 49, be fixedly shaped with self-locking gear & rack structure by detent 51, self-locking gear & rack structure coordinates interlock to combine by self-locking ratchet 48, ratchet 50, rocking bar 52 and handle 53, realizes by manually carrying out auto-lock function.
Embodiment 1:
Width × highly × thickness=3100mm × 2200mm × the 150mm of the facade steel framework cell body 1 of the present embodiment, after front facade 3 and cell body, facade 2 adopts the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate processing of thickness 16mm, the dismantled and assembled door-plate 5 of right side facade 4 and left side facade adopts the steel plate processing of thickness 5mm, facade steel framework adopts 100mm and 80mm square steel to reinforce and forms, steel plate base length × wide × height=3100mm × 450mm × 100mm, all steel members are all brushed rust protection paint and are safeguarded, porous plate 9 adopts the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate processing of thickness 16mm, facade steel framework cell body 1 is isolated the wide underground percolation district water side vertical shaft 18 of 100mm by porous plate 9, river cross-section water inlet, the water inlet of precipitation infiltration simulation system and the underground percolation rising pipe of facade steel framework cell body 1 are all installed Φ 50 valves and are regulated and controled water level and flow, river water level regulating box 24 and underground water table regulating box 32 are arranged on respectively on the right side facade 4 and the dismantled and assembled door-plate 5 of left side facade of facade steel framework cell body 1, are respectively used to regulate river course and underground water table, the material of river water level regulating box 24 and underground water table regulating box 32 is poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, length × wide × height=300mm × 150mm × 300mm, water tank is divided into two parts by weir divider, and dividing plate upper pond level regulates the long 200mm of casing, the long 100mm of dividing plate downstream Overflow drainage casing, between gear rack elevating machine and facade steel framework cell body 1, be connected with fixed support, connect with fixed support equally between water level regulating box and gear rack elevating machine, self-locking rack-and-pinion elevator system is by water level amplitude of accommodation 500mm, precision 2mm and 1800mm, precision 5mm requirement, by machine works's customization processing.Precipitation infiltration simulation system adopt Φ 50 along the journey antipriming pipe of releasing, be fixed on the upper end of facade steel framework cell body, when experiment to " rainwater " that evenly spray varying strength in cell body, so that simulation Precipitation Process.The cube that underground percolation district water outlet gravimetric method metering water tank is 600mm, is made up electronic weighbridge range 250kg of PE plate.
The underground percolation district sand filler of the present embodiment picks up from riverbed, river, Dagu, Qingdao, before filling in facade steel framework cell body, the characteristics such as the grading curve of look-ahead analysis sand, sand filling surface pushes up 400mm apart from groove, and river course adopts trapezoidal transverse face, half bottom width 500mm, river bed identity distance pushes up 600mm from groove, and river levee compacting is firm, the wide 150mm of levee crown, levee crown identity distance pushes up 100mm from groove, and the slope coefficient of river levee both sides is 1.5; To same group of underground filler and river type, select 3-5 river width to adjust penetration fact size, make 2 pressure measurement that formed by 12 glass tubes by oneself and arrange, be fixed on facade after cell body, flexible pipe is connected to the pressure tap that on facade, gridding method is layouted before cell body; The humidification of will drenching with rain after sand filler end-of-fill, carries out underground water table adjusting, and after filler is stablized a couple of days, the thieff hatch that on facade, gridding method is layouted before cell body is taked sandy soil sample, carries out the index determinings such as packing, porosity, water percentage; After experiment is all ready, carry out the river course two-dimentional underground percolation dynamic test of washing by water.
Claims (2)
1. river channel cross section descends a seepage hydraulics experimental provision two-dimensionally, it is characterized in that agent structure comprises facade steel framework cell body, facade after cell body, front facade, right side facade, the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade, sole plate, bottom panel, set bolt, porous plate, framework girder steel, framework steel column, sand thieff hatch, phreatic line, river course, river levee, river water level line, the outer ground of river levee, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft, determine head water supply pipe valve, the first valve, first flow meter, along the journey antipriming pipe of releasing, feed pipe, river water level regulating box, the first weir divider, river course water supply hose, the second flowmeter, the second valve, run-down pipe, the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the first fixed support, underground water table regulating box, the second weir divider, underground percolation delivery hose, threeway, emptying pipe valve, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter, the second fixed support, underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe, gravimetric method metering water tank, draining pipe valve, electronic weighbridge, river water level scale, underground water level of drilled shaft scale, underground percolation district, aeration zone, fixed support, self-locking ratchet, slide rail, ratchet, detent, rocking bar, handle, pressure measurement row, piezometric tube, scale and flexible pipe, facade steel framework cell body top is hatch frame, and after cell body, facade and front facade are processed into by poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, observe sand pervious bed and phreatic line when experiment, right side facade and the dismantled and assembled door-plate of left side facade are processed into by steel plate, and the door that facade dismantled and assembled door-plate in left side goes out sand as cell body is river course Central Symmetry vertical plane, the sole plate of facade steel framework cell body bottom is processed into by square steel, and the bottom panel on sole plate is processed into by steel plate, the fastening left side of set bolt facade dismounting door-plate and sole plate, the upper and lower end of the framework steel column of the forward and backward both sides of facade steel framework cell body adopts beam welding to form circle body force structure, prevent that unbalance stress from causing facade steel boom well body deformability and cracking, it is stressed that between each framework girder steel of the forward and backward both sides of facade steel framework cell body and each circle body structure, welding forms steel framework entirety, after the bottom surface of facade steel framework cell body, cell body, between facade, front facade and the each facade of right side facade, uses respectively waterproof strong glue or the leakproof of adhesive tape adhering and sealing, porous plate adopts permeable dividing plate, and underground percolation district and water side vertical shaft are separated, and the left side of porous plate covers one deck or two layers of burlap sheet, prevents sand running-down, the method that adopts gridding method interval to layout on front facade is uniformly distributed and is shaped with sand thieff hatch, and sand thieff hatch is used for the sand of sampling, and is convenient to measure the character of sand in stratum, and plug sealing is installed, phreatic line is a performance graph, the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in reflection underground percolation district, and the below of phreatic line is underground percolation district, the top of phreatic line is aeration zone, in facade steel framework cell body, be filled with sand filler, river course is the half of single entry or compound cross-section, covers one deck or two layers of burlap sheet on river course, prevents into the water landform of destroying by rush of water, or makes permeable fixed bed, river levee is clay compacting body, and levee crown and side slope are done protective treatment, and protection river levee is not destroyed by rush of water, river water level line is a performance graph, the variation of reflection river flood position, Surface mulch one deck or two layers of burlap sheet on the outer ground of river levee, prevent along the journey precipitation of the antipriming pipe landform of destroying by rush of water of releasing, vertical shaft accepted scale observation water side, vadose region, water side, underground percolation district water level, the bottom of underground percolation district water side vertical shaft is shaped with threeway and emptying pipe valve, threeway is fixedly connected with underground water table regulating box by underground percolation delivery hose with emptying pipe valve, and emptying pipe valve is for discharging the underground water of experiment vadose region in facade steel framework cell body, each piezometric tube on pressure measurement row adopts flexible pipe to be fixedly connected with sand thieff hatch, and for measuring the some pressure in underground percolation district, scale is used for reading each point pressure, to calculate underground water table, seepage velocity and infiltration coefficient hydraulic elements, determine head water supply pipe valve and be fixedly connected with outside laboratory high-level tank water system, open and determine head water supply pipe valve, supply water to river water level regulating box by feed pipe, in the middle of river water level regulating box, be shaped with the first weir divider, at the bottom of the upstream case of the first weir divider, be fixedly connected with river course water supply hose, the second flowmeter and the second valve, for regulating flow and the poised stream water level controlling and be metered to river cross-section, at the bottom of the downstream tank of the first weir divider, be connected with run-down pipe, run-down pipe flows into outside laboratory water-break system, facade dismantled and assembled door-plate in left side is fixedly shaped with the first fixed support, the first fixed support is fixed on the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter on facade steel framework cell body, the first self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter is used for regulating river water level height, simulating riverway SEA LEVEL VARIATION, the river water level regulating box lifting that handle shake rocking bar swing pinion band carry-over bar connects, self-locking ratchet self-locking is contrary, in the time that experiment need to reduce water level, manually remove detent, reversing gear handle, river water level regulating box is reduced to and needs height of water level, put down detent enforcement self-locking contrary, read river water level by river water level scale, if early stage, river course was dry, experiment starts to wash by water to testing flood stage to river course, so that impact and the recharge of ground water situation of simulating riverway seepage on advance of freshet, if early stage, there was water in river course, experiment starts front a few hours or a couple of days to river course bath to initial water level, then is adjusted to experiment flood stage, carries out corresponding Experiment Data Records, underground percolation district water side vertical shaft is connected with underground water table regulating box with flexible pipe by bottom threeway, in the middle of underground water table regulating box, be provided with the second weir divider, at the bottom of the upstream case of the second weir divider, connect water side, vadose region vertical shaft by flexible pipe, be convenient to stablize underground water table, at the bottom of the downstream tank of the second weir divider, connect underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe, water in underground percolation water outlet run-down pipe flows into gravimetric method metering water tank, on gravimetric method metering water tank, be fixedly shaped with emptied of water pipe valve, gravimetric method metering water tank is placed on electronic weighbridge, time recording underground water table and seepage flow water outlet weight, to obtain water level and the discharge curve of seepage flow, the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter is used for regulating underground water table height, and simulate formation water level changes, and fixed support is fixed on the second self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter on facade steel framework cell body, the underground water table regulating box lifting that handle shake rocking bar swing pinion band carry-over bar connects, self-locking ratchet meeting self-locking is contrary, in the time that experiment need to reduce water level, manually remove detent, reversing gear handle, underground water table regulating box is reduced to needs height of water level, puts down detent enforcement self-locking contrary, reads underground water table by underground water table scale, determining head water supply pipe valve is fixedly connected with outside laboratory high-level tank water system, the first valve and first flow meter for regulate control and metering simulation Precipitation Process along the release water yield of antipriming pipe of journey, release antipriming pipe precipitation infiltration simulation system according to experimental program control precipitation intensity along journey, implement simulation Precipitation Process by facade steel framework cell body top open part, when valve Close All, illustrate that this river cross-section present position is without precipitation, river flood and transversal section two dimension underground percolation produce by upland water.
2. river channel cross section according to claim 1 descends seepage hydraulics experimental provision two-dimensionally, it is characterized in that the agent structure of the self-locking rack-and-pinion lifter relating to comprises facade steel framework cell body, underground water table regulating box, the second fixed support, fixed support, self-locking ratchet and slide rail; On facade steel framework cell body, be fixedly shaped with fixed support, support bracket fastened middle part is shaped with self-locking ratchet, and support bracket fastened outside parallel construction is shaped with slide rail, and the middle downside of slide rail is fixedly shaped with underground water table regulating box by the second fixed support; On the side surface body of slide rail, be fixedly shaped with self-locking gear & rack structure by detent, self-locking gear & rack structure coordinates interlock to combine by self-locking ratchet, ratchet, rocking bar and handle, realizes by manually carrying out auto-lock function.
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| CN104677592B (en) * | 2015-03-14 | 2017-04-05 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Local ground watering flow field Three Dimensional Dynamic Simulation testing stand |
| CN107034839B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2022-07-12 | 天津大学 | Self-circulation river evolution experimental system |
| CN107436280A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Curtain withdrawal device and curtain withdrawal system |
| CN107680467B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-04-07 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | Hidden pipe drainage demonstration model and construction method thereof |
| CN108760564B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2024-04-19 | 河海大学 | Experimental device for be arranged in testing unsaturated sand gas persistence |
| CN110294523B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2021-12-10 | 江苏星鑫分离设备制造有限公司 | River surface water treatment device |
| CN109839491B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2021-11-02 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | Underground water back-supplementing simulation experiment method |
| CN110186829A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-30 | 贵州大学 | A kind of physical simulation experiment device of seepage deformation monitoring and permeability parameters solution |
| CN110459117B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2022-03-18 | 西南石油大学 | Liftable small-size process control experiment teaching device |
| CN111060435A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-24 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for well-point dewatering underground water seepage law test |
| CN111855968B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-08-12 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | Aeration zone moisture infiltration detection simulation method |
| CN113552319A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-26 | 河海大学 | Mechanical structure of two-dimensional sea-island water and salt migration simulation device coupled with tidal effect |
| CN114281114B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-06-09 | 四川大学 | Water level lifting device for controlling geotechnical centrifugal model test and control method thereof |
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| CN103091214A (en) * | 2011-10-29 | 2013-05-08 | 成都理工大学 | Under-dam seepage flow experiment apparatus |
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