CN114088920A - Rock soil material positive and negative pressure undermining test device - Google Patents
Rock soil material positive and negative pressure undermining test device Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geotechnical material positive and negative pressure potential erosion test device in the technical field of geotechnical tests, which comprises a sample tank, a water and gas pressure control system and a water and gas pressure test system, wherein a geotechnical material sample is filled in the sample tank, a water inlet is formed in the top of the sample tank, a pipeline is communicated between the water inlet and the water and gas pressure control system, the water and gas pressure system is used for controlling the water inflow and the water inflow pressure at the top of the sample tank, a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the sample tank, and the water and gas pressure test system comprises a water and gas pressure sensor arranged in the sample tank, a dynamic data acquisition instrument, a volume measuring instrument and a weight measuring instrument which are electrically connected with the water and gas pressure sensor. The invention simultaneously realizes the function of applying positive and negative air pressure, meets the requirement of superposing the positive and negative air pressure conditions under the condition of hydraulic slope drop of the rock and soil material, and visually tests the undermining erosion process of the overlying rock and soil layer of karst collapse under the change of the air pressure of underground water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock-soil tests, and particularly relates to a rock-soil material positive-negative pressure potential erosion test device.
Background
The distribution area of soluble rock in China reaches 365 km2The land area is about 1/3, which is one of the most developed countries in the world. Karst collapse geological disasters are distributed in 22 provinces in China, and are one of the main geological disasters threatening the life and property safety of people in China.
The undermining is that the seepage water flow generates larger dynamic water pressure under the condition of certain hydraulic gradient (namely the hydraulic gradient of underground water is larger than the critical hydraulic gradient of the rock-soil generating undermining damage), so as to scour and carry away fine particles or erode the rock-soil body, so that the pores in the rock-soil body are continuously enlarged, even caves are formed, the structure of the rock-soil body is loosened or damaged, and the ground surface cracks and collapse are generated, thereby affecting the stability of the engineering.
The most important cause of karst collapse disasters is that the undermining of the rock-soil layer covered on the karst cavity under the action of certain water and air pressure; different from the situation that the rock-soil body only generates hydrodynamic pressure, scouring, fine particles are carried away and the like under the condition of a certain hydraulic gradient in the engineering of dams, side slopes and the like to generate the subsurface erosion, in the karst cave-in inoculation process, the rock-soil body covered on the karst cavity is also subjected to positive and negative water pressure (positive pressure jacking and vacuum suction erosion effects) generated by the change of the underground water pressure, namely the water pressure caused by the change of the underground water level is superposed in the seepage process, and the traditional rock-soil material subsurface erosion test device cannot be used for researching the rock-soil material subsurface erosion process in the karst cave-in development process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rock-soil material positive-negative pressure subsurface corrosion test device, which can realize the application of water pressure on the rock-soil material and meet the hydraulic slope setting in the rock-soil material; meanwhile, the function of applying positive and negative air pressure is realized, the requirement of superposing the positive and negative air pressure conditions under the condition of hydraulic slope drop of the rock and soil material is met, and the subsurface erosion process of the overlying rock and soil layer under the change of the underground water air pressure is visually tested.
Positive negative pressure of ground material in this scheme corrodes test device in diving, including sample jar, water gas pressure control system, water gas pressure test system, the ground material sample is equipped with in the sample jar, the top of sample jar is equipped with water inlet and delivery port, water inlet, delivery port with the intercommunication has the pipeline between the water gas pressure control system, water gas pressure system be used for right positive, negative pressure and positive water pressure are applyed in the process of the corrosion test of ground material sample, water gas pressure test system including set up in sample jar water gas pressure sensor, with dynamic data collection appearance, volume measuring apparatu and the gravimetric measuring apparatu that water gas pressure sensor electricity is connected.
In a more preferred scheme, a permeable sand layer is arranged at the top of the rock and soil material sample in the sample tank, and a filter screen is arranged between the permeable sand layer and the rock and soil material sample.
In a more preferred scheme, the water and air pressure control system comprises a water storage tank, a pressure pump A, a pressure pump B, a pressure regulation pool and a flowmeter, wherein the water storage tank and the pressure pump A are connected in series through a pipeline and communicated with the water inlet, and the pressure pump B, the flowmeter and the pressure regulation pool are connected in series through a pipeline and communicated with the water outlet.
In a more preferred scheme, the pressure pump B is connected with a pressure regulating and storing tank, and the pressure regulating and storing tank is used for receiving soil bodies falling from the geotechnical material samples and maintaining the water gas pressure set by the water gas pressure system.
In a more preferable scheme, the pressure pump A and the pressure pump B are both pressure pumps with pressure gauges.
In a more preferable scheme, the water storage tank is made of transparent materials, and the tank body of the water storage tank is provided with scale marks.
In a more preferable scheme, the water-gas pressure sensors are provided with a plurality of water-gas pressure sensors which are respectively arranged at the bottom of the rock material sample, the bottom of the permeable sand layer and the bottom of the pressure regulating and storing tank.
In a more preferred scheme, the water-gas pressure sensor is electrically connected with the dynamic data acquisition instrument through a lead, the sample tank and the pressure regulation and storage tank are provided with openings for the lead to pass through, and sealing joints are arranged in the openings.
In a more preferred scheme, the volume measuring instrument is used for receiving water discharged by the pressure pump B, the volume measuring instrument adopts a high-precision measuring cylinder, the water outlet end of the pressure pump B is connected with a water discharge pipe, and the tail end of the water discharge pipe is positioned right above the opening end of the high-precision measuring cylinder.
In a more preferred scheme, the weight measuring instrument adopts a high-precision electronic balance, and the high-precision measuring cylinder is placed on the high-precision electronic balance.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: a permeable sand layer is arranged at the upper part of the rock-soil material sample in the sample tank so as to form uniform water pressure on the rock-soil material sample, and a filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the permeable sand layer so as to prevent the permeable sand from losing and blocking a pipeline; and a water pressure sensor is arranged in the filter screen at the bottom of the permeable sand, a water pressure sensor is also arranged at the bottom of the rock-soil material sample, and the water pressure is measured by a dynamic data acquisition instrument so as to obtain the water pressure at the front end and the rear end of the sample in the manner of implementation. The permeable rock-soil material sample water is connected to a pressure regulating and storing tank below through a pipeline, the water-gas pressure in the pressure regulating and storing tank is controlled through a pressure pump B, the gas pressure in the pipeline is controlled through pumping and discharging liquid in the pressure regulating and storing tank and the pipeline, negative pressure loading is formed on the rock-soil material sample, and the functional requirement of research on the rock-soil material submerged corrosion process under the action of vacuum erosion is met; on the other hand, water can be injected into the pipeline through the pressure pump A to extrude the air in the pressure regulating and storing pool and the pipeline, so that the functional requirement of research on the rock-soil material undermining process under the action of positive pressure jacking is met; the flow and pressure of the pumped liquid are monitored by a flowmeter and a pressure gauge in the whole test process; and arranging a high-precision balance and a high-precision measuring cylinder at the drainage end of the pressure pump B, measuring the drainage quality and the drainage volume, and calculating the quality of the erosion rock-soil material by calculating the difference between the drainage density and the density of pure water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a geotechnical material positive and negative pressure corrosion test device.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a sample tank 1, a geotechnical material sample 2, a filter screen 3, a permeable sand layer 4, a water inlet 5, a pipeline 6, a pressure pump A7, a pressure gauge A71, a water storage tank 8, a scale mark 81, a dynamic data acquisition instrument 9, a water-gas pressure sensor 10, a pressure regulation and storage tank 11, a sealing joint 12, a flowmeter 13, a pressure pump B14, a pressure gauge B141, a water discharge pipe 15, a high-precision measuring cylinder 16 and a high-precision balance 17.
The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached figure 1: the utility model provides a geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device, includes specimen jar 1, water atmospheric pressure control system, water atmospheric pressure test system, geotechnical material sample 2 is equipped with in the specimen jar 1, lie in the specimen jar 1 the top of geotechnical material sample 2 is equipped with infiltration sand bed 4, infiltration sand bed 4 with be equipped with filter screen 3 between the geotechnical material sample 2. The top of specimen jar 1 is equipped with water inlet 5, the bottom of specimen jar 1 is equipped with the delivery port, water inlet 5, delivery port and the intercommunication has pipeline 6 between the atmospheric pressure control system, atmospheric pressure control system is used for controlling the inflow and the pressure of intaking at specimen jar 1 top, atmospheric pressure control system includes control system and lower control system, it includes storage water tank 8 and force pump A7 to go up control system, storage water tank 8 and force pump A7 through pipeline 6 series connection and with water inlet 5 intercommunication, control system includes force pump B14, flowmeter 13 and pressure regulation pond 11 down, force pump B14, flowmeter 13 and pressure regulation pond 11 through pipeline 6 series connection and with the delivery port intercommunication, force pump A7 is the force pump that has manometer A71, be the force pump that has manometer B141 on the force pump B14, the water storage tank 8 is made of transparent materials, and the tank body of the water storage tank is provided with scale marks 81. The water-gas pressure detection system comprises a plurality of water-gas pressure sensors 10, a dynamic data acquisition instrument 9, a sample tank 1 and a pressure regulation pool 11, wherein the bottom of a rock material sample, the bottom of a permeable sand layer 4 and the bottom of the pressure regulation pool 11 are respectively arranged in the water-gas pressure sensors 10, the dynamic data acquisition instrument 9 is electrically connected with the water-gas pressure sensors 10 through a lead, an opening for the lead to pass is arranged on the sample tank 1 and the pressure regulation pool 11, a sealing joint 12 is arranged in the opening, the water-gas pressure detection system further comprises a volume measuring instrument and a weight measuring instrument, the volume measuring instrument is used for receiving water discharged by a pressure pump B14, the volume measuring instrument adopts a high-precision measuring cylinder 16, the water outlet end of the pressure pump B14 is connected with a water outlet pipe 15, the tail end of the water outlet pipe 15 is positioned right above the open end of the high-precision measuring cylinder 16, and the weight measuring instrument adopts a high-precision electronic balance, the high-precision measuring cylinder 16 is placed on the high-precision electronic balance.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
experiment one: simulation of subsurface erosion process of rock-soil material under vacuum erosion action
In the process of the decline of the underground water level in the karst area, an absorption and corrosion acting force is formed on the overburden layer on the karst cavity, the stress of the rock-soil material and the stress state of the internal fluid are changed, and further the subsurface corrosion is generated under the vacuum absorption and corrosion condition.
The implementation process of simulating the subsurface erosion process of the rock and soil material under the action of vacuum erosion comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially completing installation and debugging of a water-air pressure sensor 10, a rock-soil material sample 2, a filter screen 3, a permeable sand layer 4, a water-air pressure control system and a water-air pressure detection system, and connecting a pipeline 6, wherein the water-air pressure control system comprises an upper control system formed by serially connecting pressure pumps A7 and a lower control system formed by serially connecting pressure pumps B14, the upper control system is opened to form stable osmotic pressure, and the lower control system is opened and has a pressure servo function and can form a stable negative pressure state; and in the test process, the pressure and the flow of the water gas are monitored in real time, and the water discharge and the mass of the submerged corrosion soil body are measured in real time through the high-precision measuring cylinder 16 and the high-precision balance 17.
Experiment two: simulation of subsurface erosion process of rock-soil material under positive pressure jacking action
In the process of rising of the underground water level in the karst area, positive pressure jacking acting force is formed on the overburden layer on the karst cavity, the stress of the rock-soil material and the stress state of the internal fluid are changed, and then the subsurface erosion under the positive pressure jacking condition occurs.
The implementation process of the simulation of the subsurface erosion process of the rock and soil material under the action of the positive pressure jacking comprises the following steps: the installation and debugging of the water-air pressure sensor 10, the rock-soil material sample 2, the filter screen 3, the permeable sand layer 4, the water-air pressure control system and the water-air pressure detection system are completed in sequence, and the pipeline 6 is connected; opening the upper pressure control system to form a stable osmotic pressure; the lower control system is opened, has a pressure servo function, reduces the gas space in the pressure regulating and storing pool 11 by injecting water into the pipeline 6, and realizes the application of positive pressure jacking pressure; and in the test process, the pressure and the flow of the water gas are monitored in real time, and the water discharge and the mass of the submerged corrosion soil body are measured in real time through the high-precision measuring cylinder 16 and the high-precision balance 17.
Experiment three: simulation of undercutting process of rock and soil material under positive and negative pulsating pressure
During the ascending and descending process of the underground water level in the karst area, positive and negative pressures which are alternately changed are formed on the overburden layer on the karst cavity, so that the rock-soil material is under the condition of changed positive and negative pressures, and the rock-soil material is subjected to undermining under positive and negative pulsating pressures.
The implementation process of the simulation of the undermining process of the rock and soil materials under the positive and negative pulsating pressure comprises the following steps: the installation and debugging of the water-air pressure sensor 10, the rock-soil material sample 2, the filter screen 3, the permeable sand layer 4, the water-air pressure control system and the water-air pressure detection system are completed in sequence, and the pipeline 6 is connected; opening the upper pressure control system to form a stable osmotic pressure; opening a lower control system, wherein the lower control system has a pressure servo function, reduces and increases the gas space in the pressure regulating storage tank 11 by alternately injecting water and discharging water into the pipeline 6, and realizes the application of alternating positive pressure jacking pressure and negative pressure vacuum suction corrosion pressure; and in the test process, the pressure and the flow of the water gas are monitored in real time, and the water discharge and the mass of the submerged corrosion soil body are measured in real time through the high-precision measuring cylinder 16 and the high-precision balance 17.
The invention can realize synchronous application of osmotic pressure, positive air pressure, negative air pressure and other conditions on the rock-soil material, thereby meeting the requirement of researching the rock-soil material undermining process under the action of the groundwater pressure in the karst collapse forming process.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present invention should be determined by the content of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification should be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device which characterized in that: including sample jar, water atmospheric pressure control system, water atmospheric pressure test system, the ground material sample is equipped with in the sample jar, the top of sample jar is equipped with water inlet and delivery port, water inlet, delivery port with the intercommunication has the pipeline between the water atmospheric pressure control system, water atmospheric pressure system is used for right positive, negative pressure and positive water pressure are applyed to the undermining test process of ground material sample, water atmospheric pressure test system including set up in water atmospheric pressure sensor in the sample jar, with dynamic data acquisition appearance, volume measuring apparatu and the gravimetric measuring apparatu that water atmospheric pressure sensor electricity is connected.
2. The geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device according to claim 1, wherein: the sample tank is internally provided with a permeable sand layer at the top of the rock and soil material sample, and a filter screen is arranged between the permeable sand layer and the rock and soil material sample.
3. The geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device according to claim 2, wherein: the water and air pressure control system comprises a water storage tank, a pressure pump A, a pressure pump B, a pressure regulation pool and a flowmeter, wherein the water storage tank and the pressure pump A are connected in series through a pipeline and communicated with a water inlet, and the pressure pump B, the flowmeter and the pressure regulation pool are connected in series through a pipeline and communicated with a water outlet.
4. The geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device according to claim 3, wherein: the pressure pump B is connected with the pressure regulating and storing tank, and the pressure regulating and storing tank is used for receiving soil bodies falling from the rock and soil material samples and maintaining the water gas pressure set by the water gas pressure system.
5. The geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device according to claim 4, wherein: and the pressure pump A and the pressure pump B are both pressure pumps with pressure gauges.
6. The geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device according to claim 5, wherein: the water storage tank is made of transparent materials, and the tank body of the water storage tank is provided with scale marks.
7. The geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device according to claim 6, wherein: the water-gas pressure sensors are arranged at the bottom of the rock material sample, the bottom of the permeable sand layer and the bottom of the pressure regulating and storing tank respectively.
8. The geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device according to claim 7, wherein: the water-gas pressure sensor is electrically connected with the dynamic data acquisition instrument through a wire, the sample tank and the pressure regulation and storage tank are provided with an opening through which the wire passes, and a sealing joint is arranged in the opening.
9. The geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device according to claim 8, wherein: the volume measuring instrument is used for receiving water discharged by the pressure pump B, the volume measuring instrument adopts a high-precision measuring cylinder, the water outlet end of the pressure pump B is connected with a water discharge pipe, and the tail end of the water discharge pipe is positioned right above the opening end of the high-precision measuring cylinder.
10. The geotechnical material positive and negative pressure undermining test device according to claim 9, wherein: the weight measuring instrument adopts a high-precision electronic balance, and the high-precision measuring cylinder is placed on the high-precision electronic balance.
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| CN202111396758.8A CN114088920A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Rock soil material positive and negative pressure undermining test device |
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| CN202111396758.8A CN114088920A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Rock soil material positive and negative pressure undermining test device |
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