CN104713806A - Flat two-dimensional underground water power and quality model apparatus - Google Patents
Flat two-dimensional underground water power and quality model apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104713806A CN104713806A CN201510056140.5A CN201510056140A CN104713806A CN 104713806 A CN104713806 A CN 104713806A CN 201510056140 A CN201510056140 A CN 201510056140A CN 104713806 A CN104713806 A CN 104713806A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a flat two-dimensional underground water power and quality model apparatus. The apparatus comprises a water tank, a sand tank and a water supply device. The water tank comprises a bearing layer separator plate, can flexible regulate the water power gradient in a model, and simulates the conditions of different bearing layers; and the sand tank comprises supporting bars, a front panel, a rear panel and a bottom panel, and can be used to observe the change of the water power conditions in the model in real time and take a water sample. The apparatus can be used to well control the physical characteristics of an experiment medium, stimulates the migration condition of pollutants in underground water under various conditions in a complex flow state, provides an efficient observation approach, flexible adjusts the functions of the model by assembling and dismounting the model, provides external connection upgrading equipment for the model, improves the model utilization rate and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Groundwater dynamics simulation, Contaminants Transport experiment simulator, especially under Complex Hydrogeological Conditions, the migration test of pollutant in anaerobic condition.
Technical background
In recent years, along with the fast development of economy, body of groundwater suffers pollution to a certain degree, and water resource environment is also subject to serious threat.The rule of ground water movement is extremely complicated, often has the feature of the series such as space large scale, time length.In laboratory experiment, be often difficult to the hydrologic condition of Controlling model study area, boundary condition, nourishment condition and formation lithology.Especially, when study area is in sea front, water-bearing zone is strong by Sea Influence, coastal region underground water is subject to the interaction of submarine groundwater discharge and seawater intrusion on the one hand, tide fluctuation has strong interaction with underground water, and salt-fresh water exchanges and also will bring the change of the change of solute condition and anaerobic condition Penetration Signature; On the other hand, coastal waters physical chemistry and biological nature are complicated, have significant edge effect, and its geochemical reaction system existed makes this local ground watering Contaminants Transport be no longer a simple hydrodynamics problem.
Indoor seepage action of ground water physical model experiment studies the important means of contaminant transportation in soil and groundwater both at home and abroad, in physical Model Study underground water, contaminant transportation rule is very directly perceived, especially, it is the good approach disclosing pollutant Transport And Transformation mechanism in ground water regime.Laboratory scale ground water movement simulation is existing abroad extensively to be carried out, but due to the restriction of the factors such as experimental provision, domestic research still has some deficits.At present, laboratory groundwater model device used is comparatively simple, is one dimension earth pillar or function singleness substantially.Be specially:
1, one dimension earth pillar has limitation.Usual one dimension earth pillar is simulated under a certain hydraulic gradient, the infiltration of water in the soil body and the disperse of pollutant, cannot consider hydraulic gradient change, infiltration Soil Anisotropic and special heterogeneity;
2, controlled condition is few.The one dimension of traditional indoor or two dimensional model generally can not the hydraulic gradient of Controlling model inside, pollutant input position, observation sample position etc. flexibly, and these parameters are often just fixing when modelling;
3, situation is simulated single.Some hydrogeological characteristics that simulated domain has are the key factors affecting ground water movement, and as terrain, rivers and lakes, man's activity, geofault, special geological structure etc., conventional model cannot be taken into account;
4,functional module does not have subsequent upgrade space.Along with going deep into of research, model function and parameter need constantly adjustment, but existing model does not generally consider follow-up improvement, and recycling rate of waterused is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force and water quality model device, overcome traditional indoor physical model and be difficult to dismounting, experiment content is fixed, the shortcoming that simulation situation is single, this model structure is comparatively simple, reasonable in design, systematic error is little, observe, sampling is convenient and recycling rate of waterused is high, subsequent adaptation, upgrading space are large, are convenient to Scientific Research and Teaching and use.
The flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force of one that the present invention proposes and water quality model device, comprise bearing course dividing plate 6, water tank 5, sandbox 2 and water supply installation 1, wherein: described sandbox 2 both sides are water tank 5, and described water supply installation 1 connects water tank inlet;
Described sandbox 2 is made up of support bar 3, front panel 4, rear panel 8 and base plate 7; Described front panel 4 is connected by base plate 7 with bottom rear panel 8, top is connected by support bar 3, described front panel 4 is identical with the structure of rear panel 8, it is equipped with the first bolt hole 4-1, the second bolt hole 4-2, the first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove 4-3, head observation port or thief hole 4-4 and the 3rd bolt hole 4-5, described head observation port is evenly arranged on front panel 4 and rear panel 8;
Described water tank 5 is provided with the second bearing course dividing plate mounting groove 5-8, on described first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove and second, bearing course dividing plate mounting groove is in the same plane, described bearing course dividing plate 6 is horizontally disposed, to be positioned on the first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove 4-3 and second in bearing course dividing plate mounting groove 5-8; Water tank 5 is separated into upper and lower two parts by described bearing course dividing plate 6, and top is non-pressure district 5-7, and bottom is confined area 5-9; Described water tank 5 inwall is provided with the first permeable stone mounting groove 5-6, and described bearing course dividing plate 6 is provided with the second permeable stone mounting groove 6-1, and described first permeable stone mounting groove 5-6 and the second permeable stone mounting groove 6-1 is in the same plane; Described second permeable stone mounting groove 6-1 is positioned at water tank 5 and sandbox 2 joint.
In the present invention, on described bearing course dividing plate 6 and the first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove and second, bearing course dividing plate mounting groove junction is sealed by watertight rubber.
In the present invention, described water supply installation 1 comprises the geneva bottle, water swivel and the rubber hose that connect successively.
In the present invention, described water tank 5, front panel 4, rear panel 8 and base plate 7 all adopt organic glass, and thickness is 10-20 mm.
In the present invention, described water tank 5 and sandbox 2 are separated by permeable stone, and permeable stone vertically inserts in the first permeable stone mounting groove 5-6 and the second permeable stone mounting groove 6-1, and the first permeable stone mounting groove 5-6 and the second permeable stone mounting groove 6-1 width are 5-15 mm.
In the present invention, described first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove is apart from 100-500 mm place, base plate 7 top.
In the present invention, described water tank 5 has head control punch 5-1, water supply hole 5-2, bearing course inlet opening 5-3, bearing course osculum 5-4, the aperture of described head control punch 5-1, water supply hole 5-2, bearing course inlet opening 5-3 and bearing course osculum 5-4 is 5-10 mm, to meet continuous supply in flow event and overflow.
In the present invention, described head control punch 5-1 and water supply hole 5-2 is positioned at 1-200 mm place, bearing course dividing plate 6 top, bearing course inlet opening 5-3 is positioned at 1-100 mm place, bearing course dividing plate 6 bottom, bearing course osculum 5-4 is positioned at 1-20 mm place, base plate 7 top, controls and overflow with the head met in flow event.
In the present invention, the bore dia 5-15 mm of described head observation port or thief hole, the horizontally disposed spacing of head observation port or thief hole is 50-300 mm, being arranged vertically spacing is 50-300 mm, each hole in vertical direction relative misalignment 5-15 mm in the horizontal direction, with reasonable installation piezometric tube and sampler, the inner hydraulics change of real-time monitored model also water sampling.
beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention adopts modular construction, is easy to dismounting, is easy to filling, changes test medium, be convenient to the physical characteristics of manual control test medium;
2, the simulation to Complex Hydrogeological Conditions can be realized.By the installation of bearing course dividing plate, can effectively simulate the situation with bearing course; By infiltration coefficient and the distribution situation of the weak permeable medium of manual control, the situation of bearing course leakage, bearing course-water table aquifer mass exchange can be simulated; The situation without bearing course can be simulated after bearing course dividing plate unloads; Meanwhile, by the situation such as transformation simulation river, Lagoon lake etc. in hole on counter plate;
3, in observation and sampling, there is great dirigibility and operability.Sandbox front panel and rear panel offer a large amount of head observation port and thief hole respectively, are convenient to the inner hydraulics change of real-time monitored model and test water sample carry out observing and gathering, and can follow the tracks of the migration situation of pollutant under Complex Hydrogeological Conditions comprehensively; Head observation port or thief hole can transform pumped well as simultaneously, can carry out the simulation of the situations such as artificial its excessive exploitation of groundwater, salt water encroachment, salt wedge change; In addition, after experiment terminates, by disassembling model, desirable each position soil sample carries out assay, is more conducive to accurate assurance Pollutants Diffusion situation and the absorption situation in soil;
4, can control accurately boundary condition.Head control punch, water supply hole, arranging of bearing course inlet opening and bearing course osculum can the effectively water yield of Control release input and head, and the overflow height simultaneously controlling opposite side water tank respective aperture flexible pipe carrys out the hydraulic gradient in accurate Controlling model;
5, transform space huge, there is good upgrading fit characteristics.As the setting for model boundary condition, can outer connecting waterhead control device, to realize the simulation to the complicated kinetic head condition such as tide, seasonal stream; By adding of automatic control fitting, can carry out growing series observation and sampling; By changing front and back panel and base plate, adjustable model length, meets the needs of different experiments.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is main assembly part of the present invention and structural representation;
Fig. 2 is front panel of the present invention (rear panel) structural representation;
Fig. 3 is cisten mechanism schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is base arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention;
Number in the figure: 1 is water supply installation, 2 is sandbox, 3 is support bar, 4 is front panel, 5 is water tank, 6 is bearing course dividing plate, 7 is base plate, 8 is rear panel, 4-1 is the first bolt hole, 4-2 is the second bolt hole, 4-3 is the first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove, 4-4 is head observation port (thief hole), 4-5 is the 3rd bolt hole, 5-1 is head control punch, 5-2 is water supply hole, 5-3 is bearing course inlet opening, 5-4 is bearing course osculum, 5-5 is the 4th bolt hole, 5-6 is the first permeable stone mounting groove, 5-7 is non-pressure district, 5-8 is the second bearing course dividing plate mounting groove, 5-9 is confined area, 6-1 is the second permeable stone mounting groove, 7-1 is the 5th bolt hole.
Embodiment
the present invention is further illustrated by reference to the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in the figure, described device comprises water tank 5, sandbox 2 and water supply installation 1, wherein: water tank 5 comprises bearing course dividing plate 6; Sandbox 2 is made up of support bar 3, front panel 4, rear panel 8 and base plate 7; Water tank 5, front panel 4, rear panel 8 and base plate 7 is the large parts of model four, and can assemble, dismantle, be fastened by bolts, surface of contact has watertight rubber, and bolt supports through support bar 3 pairs of sandbox tops simultaneously; Bearing course dividing plate 6 surrounding has watertight rubber, installs stitch close contact with bearing course dividing plate; Water supply installation 1 comprises geneva bottle, water swivel and rubber hose.
The organic glass thickness that the large parts of water tank 5, front panel 4, rear panel 8 and base plate 7 four adopt is 10-20 mm, internal height 500-1000 mm after model assembling, inner length 800-2000 mm, inner width 80-200 mm, to reduce the Boundary Condition Effect that the model finite space is brought, control spatial scale effects; Second bolt hole 4-2, the 3rd bolt hole 4-5 of these four large parts, the opening diameter of the 4th bolt hole 5-5 and the 5th bolt hole 7-1 are the bolt of 3-8 mm, adaptive respective diameters, with after bearing model filled media and the high pressure produced in experimentation.
Water tank 5 has the first permeable stone mounting groove 5-6, bearing course dividing plate 6 has the first permeable stone mounting groove 5-6, first permeable stone mounting groove 5-6 and the first permeable stone mounting groove 5-6 is positioned at water tank and sandbox joint, first permeable stone mounting groove and the second permeable stone mounting groove width are 5-15 mm, vertically to insert permeable stone, intercept the test sand in sandbox and the water body in water tank, keep good hydraulic conductivity performance simultaneously.
Water tank 5 and sandbox 2 have the second bearing course dividing plate mounting groove 5-8 and the first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove 4-3 respectively, second bearing course dividing plate mounting groove 5-8, the first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove 4-3 position are at 100-500 mm place, base plate 7 top, water tank 5 is divided into non-pressure district 5-7 and confined area 5-9, filling in bearing course dividing plate 6 same plane in experiment can the weak permeable medium of manual control infiltration coefficient, to reach the simulation of different bearing course situation.
Water tank 5 has head control punch 5-1, water supply hole 5-2, bearing course inlet opening 5-3, bearing course osculum 5-4, and aperture is 5-10 mm, to meet continuous supply in flow event and overflow; Head control punch 5-1 and water supply hole 5-2 is positioned at 1-200 mm place, bearing course dividing plate 6 top, bearing course inlet opening 5-3 is positioned at 1-100 mm place, bearing course dividing plate 6 bottom, bearing course osculum 5-4 is positioned at 1-20 mm place, base plate 7 top, controls and overflow with the head met in flow event.
In sandbox 2, front panel 4 and rear panel 8 have head observation port 4-4, thief hole 8-4 respectively, bore dia 5-15 mm, horizontally disposed spacing 50-300 mm, be arranged vertically spacing 50-300 mm, each hole in vertical direction relative misalignment 5-15 mm in the horizontal direction, with reasonable installation piezometric tube and sampler, the inner hydraulics change of real-time monitored model also water sampling.
The steady state flow solute migration be used for by said apparatus containing bearing course is tested.
1, standby soil: screening sand also carries out parameter calculating to experiment soil, comprises nonuniformity coefficient, coefficient of curvature, proportion, factor of porosity, dry density, infiltration coefficient, according to simulated formation situation, prepares the soil body of different infiltration coefficient.
2, banket: according to Fig. 1 composition model, model inclination is placed, take off front panel, according to experimental program, the experiment soil body is inserted in sandbox from bottom to top, when being filled to bearing course dividing plate 6, according to experimental program, the weak permeable soil body is inserted sandbox, notice that the weak permeable soil body closely need engage with bearing course dividing plate 6, prevent piestic water from leaking to water table aquifer at joint, continue to fill the soil body to reasonable altitudes according to experimental program, cover front panel, tighten model bolt everywhere, ensure model good seal, motion model gently, makes filling even.
3, full water: connect head control punch 5-1 with 4 flexible pipes, water supply hole 5-2, bearing course inlet opening 5-3, bearing course osculum 5-4.The outlet of head control punch 5-1 flexible pipe is raised to the above 1-100 mm in the face of banketing; Water supply hole 5-2 flexible pipe connecting tap is supplied water; 5-3 flexible pipe outlet in bearing course inlet opening is raised to bearing course dividing plate more than 6 1-100 mm; Bearing course osculum 5-4 flexible pipe connecting tap is supplied water; The connecting hose outlet of opposite side water tank each hole is raised to the above 1-100 mm in the face of banketing in the lump, keeps seepage flow 2-24h, exchange the connected mode of both sides tank hose according to the perviousness of banketing, and again keeps seepage flow 2-24h.
4, simulate steady state flow: after full water terminates, the outlet of head control punch 5-1 flexible pipe is placed in 10-300 mm place, below the face of banketing, i.e. water table; Water supply hole 5-2 flexible pipe connecting tap continues to keep supplying water, and water supply rate can be stablized overflow with head control punch 5-1 flexible pipe and be as the criterion; According to experimental program, bearing course inlet opening 5-3 flexible pipe is connected the correct geneva bottle installed, adjustment geneva bottle height degree, starts have pressure to supply water; Bearing course osculum 5-4 flexible pipe is sealed; According to hydrostatics principle, each for opposite side water tank hole hose port is raised to corresponding height or sealing, with hydraulic gradient in Controlling model.Observe each head observation port 4-4 on front panel 4, after each piezometric level is stable, judge that seepage flow has reached stable.
5, pollutant input: configure certain density chromium chloride solution according to experimental program, sends into by peristaltic pump face below the 1-100 mm that bankets, is arranged in aeration zone or water table aquifer, peristaltic pump flow velocity 1-100mL/min.
6, sample: according to experimental program not in the same time, diverse location samples, keep sampling 1-72h according to the perviousness of banketing, experiment terminates, and by model inclination, opens panel, gets each position soil sample.
7, inductive coupling plasma emission spectrograph (ICP-OES) or inductively coupled plasma emitter mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) is used to detect sample Cr concentration according to configuration chromium chloride solution concentration, draw breakthrough curve to analyze, the parameters such as estimation dispersion coefficient, block characteristics and precipitation strength coefficient, determine heavy metal contaminants spread condition and the absorption situation in soil simultaneously.
Claims (9)
1. a flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force and water quality model device, comprise bearing course dividing plate (6), water tank (5), sandbox (2) and water supply installation (1), it is characterized in that: described sandbox (2) both sides are water tank (5), and described water supply installation 1 connects water tank inlet; Described sandbox (2) is made up of support bar (3), front panel (4), rear panel (8) and base plate (7); Described front panel (4) is connected by base plate (7) with rear panel (8) bottom, top is connected by support bar (3), described front panel (4) is identical with the structure of rear panel (8), it is equipped with the first bolt hole (4-1), the second bolt hole (4-2), the first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove (4-3), head observation port or thief hole (4-4) and the 3rd bolt hole (4-5), described head observation port is evenly arranged on front panel (4) and rear panel (8); Described water tank (5) is provided with the second bearing course dividing plate mounting groove (5-8), on described first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove and second, bearing course dividing plate mounting groove is in the same plane, described bearing course dividing plate (6) is horizontally disposed, to be positioned on the first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove and second in bearing course dividing plate mounting groove; Water tank (5) is separated into upper and lower two parts by described bearing course dividing plate (6), and top is non-pressure district (5-7), and bottom is confined area (5-9); Described water tank (5) inwall is provided with the first permeable stone mounting groove (5-6), described bearing course dividing plate (6) is provided with the second permeable stone mounting groove (6-1), described first permeable stone mounting groove (5-6) and the second permeable stone mounting groove (6-1) in the same plane; Described second permeable stone mounting groove (6-1) is positioned at water tank (5) and sandbox (2) joint.
2. the flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force of one according to claim 1 and water quality model device, is characterized in that described bearing course dividing plate (6) is sealed by watertight rubber with bearing course dividing plate mounting groove (5-8) junction on the first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove (4-3) and second.
3. the flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force of one according to claim 1 and water quality model device, is characterized in that described water supply installation (1) comprises geneva bottle, water swivel and the rubber hose connected successively.
4. the flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force of one according to claim 1 and water quality model device, it is characterized in that described water tank (5), front panel (4), rear panel (8) and base plate (7) all adopt organic glass, thickness is 10-20 mm.
5. the flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force of one according to claim 1 and water quality model device, it is characterized in that described water tank (5) and sandbox (2) are separated by permeable stone, permeable stone vertically inserts in the first permeable stone mounting groove (5-6) and the second permeable stone mounting groove (6-1), and the first permeable stone mounting groove (5-6) and the second permeable stone mounting groove (6-1) width are 5-15 mm.
6. the flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force of one according to claim 1 and water quality model device, is characterized in that described first bearing course dividing plate mounting groove is apart from base plate (7) top 100-500 mm.
7. the flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force of one according to claim 1 and water quality model device, it is characterized in that described water tank (5) has head control punch (5-1), water supply hole (5-2), bearing course inlet opening (5-3), bearing course osculum (5-4), the aperture of described head control punch (5-1), water supply hole (5-2), bearing course inlet opening (5-3) and bearing course osculum (5-4) is 5-10 mm, to meet continuous supply in flow event and overflow.
8. the flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force of one according to claim 7 and water quality model device, it is characterized in that, described head control punch (5-1) and water supply hole (5-2) are positioned at 1-200 mm place, bearing course dividing plate (6) top, bearing course inlet opening (5-3) is positioned at 1-100 mm place, bearing course dividing plate (6) bottom, bearing course osculum (5-4) is positioned at 1-20 mm place, base plate (7) top, controls and overflow with the head met in flow event.
9. the flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force of one according to claim 1 and water quality model device, it is characterized in that the bore dia 5-15 mm of described head observation port or thief hole, the horizontally disposed spacing of head observation port or thief hole is 50-300 mm, being arranged vertically spacing is 50-300 mm, each hole in vertical direction relative misalignment 5-15 mm in the horizontal direction, with reasonable installation piezometric tube and sampler, the inner hydraulics change of real-time monitored model also water sampling.
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| CN201510056140.5A CN104713806B (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2015-02-04 | A kind of flat two-dimentional underground water hydrodynamic force and water quality model device |
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| CN106153521A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-11-23 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of sand, soil two dimension unsaturated seepage experimental provision and method |
| CN109632581A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-16 | 泰华智慧产业集团股份有限公司 | Groundwater quality simulation of infiltration experimental provision and application method |
| CN110068662A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-30 | 同济大学 | The device of simulated groundwater oxygen content gradient distribution |
| CN111252920A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-09 | 同济大学 | Underground water pollutant enhanced solubilization transportation model device |
| CN113389544A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Visual model for boundary water reservoir water invasion simulation experiment |
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| CN109632581B (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2021-09-14 | 泰华智慧产业集团股份有限公司 | Underground water quality permeation simulation experiment device and using method |
| CN110068662A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-30 | 同济大学 | The device of simulated groundwater oxygen content gradient distribution |
| CN111252920A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-09 | 同济大学 | Underground water pollutant enhanced solubilization transportation model device |
| CN113389544A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-09-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Visual model for boundary water reservoir water invasion simulation experiment |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104713806B (en) | 2017-07-25 |
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