CN110270445A - 一种快速制作聚合物包覆导丝和微导丝的方法 - Google Patents

一种快速制作聚合物包覆导丝和微导丝的方法 Download PDF

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CN110270445A
CN110270445A CN201810212664.2A CN201810212664A CN110270445A CN 110270445 A CN110270445 A CN 110270445A CN 201810212664 A CN201810212664 A CN 201810212664A CN 110270445 A CN110270445 A CN 110270445A
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ultimum
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曾延华
周国华
喻朗
翟方
王泉涌
王震
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BEIJING PUYI TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种快速制作聚合物包覆导丝和微导丝的方法，并讨论和总结了其原理和制作方法。采用高压静电喷涂技术将医用聚酯粉末材料或显影粉末材料涂覆在金属丝上，从而整体包覆导丝和微导丝的全段，实现了可按厚度要求对导丝和微导丝各段实现聚合物包覆。将金属的镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢线材和可喷出粉末料的喷枪头接入高压的两端。喷枪头作为粉末喷涂端接入，镍钛记忆合金线材作为接收端。当高压接入时，喷涂端的粉末状聚合物或显影材料粉末带有几千乃至几万伏电压，而带电的聚合物粉末或显影材料粉末在电场力的作用下克服表面张力形成喷流，在电场力作用下聚合物粉末或显影材料粉末在镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢线材的接收端上，形成包覆层，实现对镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢线材的包覆。喷涂过程中伺服控制的喷枪头或夹持金属线材的旋转夹头水平移动和旋转移动可实现对镍钛记忆合金丝或不锈钢丝内芯芯棒的整体包覆。喷涂完成后，通过烤箱或其他加热使包覆层紧密熔融在金属线材上即可。

Description

一种快速制作聚合物包覆导丝和微导丝的方法
所属技术领域
本发明引入一种快速制作聚合物包覆导丝和微导丝的方法，并讨论和总结了其原理和制作方法。所述原理和制作方法同样也可用于非血管腔道内导丝的制造。
背景技术
导丝是在微创管腔内(血管腔、泌尿管腔、消化道肠腔或胆道、生殖道输卵管腔)介入治疗技术中探寻并通过导引导管等介入装置越过狭窄变异部位和蜿蜒迂曲的管腔，最后引导到达靶部位的重要介入医学器械。尤其是在管腔内分叉变异或病理狭窄时，超选择性进入冠心病的冠状动脉、颅内细小的脑动脉、血管畸形和肿瘤瘤内的小供血血管中，起到不可替代的引导作用。
理想的微创介入微导丝通常要求达到：导丝整体和后端推送性及扭送性好利于管腔内推送、前段较细且较为柔顺便于进入管腔侧枝、导丝表面与人体管腔内壁为非硬性接触以减少和避免管腔内壁受损、X线显影示踪性能良好有助于术中观察。
目前聚合物包覆导丝和微导丝已经成为介入技术中应用的主力导丝。从材料学分析，目前采用的镍钛记忆合金线材可满足对导丝的推送性、扭送性、柔顺性的要求；在镍钛记忆合金线材表面包覆弹性聚合物(通常采用聚氨酯或PEBAX)达到导丝表面与管腔内壁的软接触；X线下的示踪显影则可通过镍钛记忆合金线材上绕制钨丝或黄金及铂金丝弹簧实现，也可以在表面包覆聚合物中加入硫酸钡、钨粉等实现。
从导丝和微导丝的构造上看，其基本均由镍钛记忆合金内芯和弹性聚合物包覆层组成，只是在导丝和微导丝的不同节段包覆厚度的要求有所不同，如：在导丝的推送扭控段的芯丝较粗而包覆层较薄，而柔顺段则芯丝较细包覆层较厚，但导丝前段的柔顺段整体外径仍较推送扭控段为细。一般看来，只要能实现将弹性聚合物材料对镍钛记忆合金线材包覆的技术和方法都可以用于导丝和微导丝的制作。但必须强调的是，包覆导丝和微导丝的包覆层必须在厚度上满足导丝和微导丝各段相应部位的厚度要求，导丝前端柔顺段的外径必须小于推送扭控段。
从制作技术和工艺来看，可以采用的方法有：1，挤出包覆-直接将待包覆的镍钛记忆合金线材通过线材挤出包覆机的挤出芯模入口端进入挤出模具，当导丝经挤出模头处出口模时，模口处进行线材的包覆。该挤出包覆的缺点是，包覆后的导丝易出现包覆各段的厚度不一致而偏心、柔顺细段规格难以控制的情况。2，线材涂覆-采用类似漆包线涂覆的技术，涂覆待包覆的镍钛记忆合金丝。其缺陷是，导丝或微导丝柔顺细段的镍钛芯丝外径细小，常出现涂覆表面挂液、滚珠而致表面不光滑的情况。3，套装+再流变技术-先通过挤出制管的方法挤出制作弹性聚合物管材，然后将其套装在镍钛芯丝上，继而在该聚合物套管外再套装热收缩管，然后采用加热使热收缩管收缩，聚合物管在被加热熔融的同时也被热收缩管压紧附着在镍钛芯丝上制成导丝或微导丝。该办法的缺点是，制作的导丝和微导丝内芯常表现为偏心、导丝和微导丝细段的包覆段聚合物包覆料不足而出现柔顺段过细的情况。
以上三种制作导丝的方法都由于制作的微导丝要求包覆层仅约为50微米很薄，而都不适合用于微导丝的制作。
本发明的制作方法为，采用高压静电喷涂包覆技术整体包覆导丝和微导丝的全段，实现了可按厚度要求对导丝和微导丝各段实现聚合物包覆。
导丝和微导丝从其各段的性能上看，要求其导入段的外径自最前端最细，外径逐渐增加到该端末端与导丝主体的输入段一致，以利于其在管腔内探寻血管分叉、管道开口，或突破管腔的狭窄区域。外径稳定一致的输入段利于推送时推力向前传送和后续导丝主体进入。
可控制涂覆厚度的溶液或熔融高压静电喷涂
高压静电喷涂包覆则有赖于其使用的粉末材料；易于采用伺服控制定点定向喷涂涂覆和控制涂覆厚度；喷涂包覆材料可为单一聚合物材料、或与金属粉料、硫酸钡粉料混合材料实现喷涂包覆等优点，用于导丝和微导丝的制作极为有利。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种制作导丝和微导丝的新技术和新方法，不仅可用于快速制作聚合物包覆导丝，还可以用于制作各种精细的微导丝。可避免通过挤出包覆、浸涂、套装+再流变等技术容易出现的偏心包覆或导丝和微导丝细段包覆不良等问题。
本发明采用高压静电喷涂技术，将金属的镍钛记忆合金或不锈钢丝和喷枪喷头各作为接入端，镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝作为接收端。当高压接入时，喷涂端的聚合物粉末或金属粉料、硫酸钡粉料等显影材料带有几千乃至几万伏电压，而带电的聚合物粉末或显影材料粉料在电场力的作用下集聚在镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝的接收端上，形成包覆层。
伺服控制的喷枪头的水平定向移动和伺服控制的两端转夹头夹持镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝两端的同步转动，实现对镍钛记忆合金内芯芯棒或不锈钢丝内芯芯棒的整体包覆。对于需要加厚的包覆区域，通过上述控制即可完成。在需要紧密包覆时，可在该包覆办法制作的导丝外套装热收缩管，经再流变后去除热收缩管即可。
涂覆完成后，通过烤箱或其他加热使包覆层紧密熔融在金属线材上即可。
制作方法
一，包覆设备结构构造：喷涂端-将装有聚合物粉末或显影材料粉料的喷枪头安装在可横向直线运动的伺服模块或丝杆模块上。接收端-将两个转夹头通过PLC实现伺服电机控制的同步异向转动(以保证两个对向排列的转夹头的转动速度和方向使线材匀速向一个方向转动)。然后将这两个转夹头固定在间距大于所制作的目标导丝长度。此转夹头用于固定镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝的两端，并使包覆过程中该线材匀速缓慢旋转，整体实现导丝包覆。
二，高压电场电极连接：将高压发生器电极的一端与喷枪喷头相连接，将电极的另一端与接收端的转夹头相连接。
三，安装待包覆的金属线材：将待包覆的镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝的两端经转夹头固定并通过向外牵拉钻夹头使该待包覆的镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝线材拉直；
四，包覆操作：观察待喷涂粉末进入喷枪头后，在喷枪头和转夹头间加上高压，此时可见喷粉自喷枪头喷出，集聚在镍钛线材或不锈钢丝线材上。设定并调整伺服控制的喷涂端横向移动和接收端的合适转动，即可达到完整包覆的导丝。
附图说明
图1 一种快速制作聚合物包覆导丝和微导丝的方法
1 高压电接头的一端
2 高压电接头的另一端
3 喷枪头
4 接收端的金属线材
5 转夹头
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种快速制作聚合物包覆导丝和微导丝的方法，其特征是：采用高压静电喷涂包覆的方法制作导丝和微导丝。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是：采用高压静电喷涂包覆实现对导丝和微导丝的包覆。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高压静电喷涂包覆法，其特征是：将金属的镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝作为一端，装有聚合物粉末或显影材料粉末的喷枪头作为喷涂端接入，镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝作为接收端接入。当高压接入时，喷涂端的聚合物粉末或显影材料粉末带有几千乃至几万伏电压，而带电的粉末在电场力的作用下集聚涂覆在镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝的接收端上，形成了包覆层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高压静电喷涂包覆法，其特征是：伺服控制的喷枪头的水平定向移动和伺服控制的两端转夹头夹持镍钛记忆合金线材或不锈钢丝两端的同步转动，实现对镍钛记忆合金或不锈钢内芯芯棒的整体包覆。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高压静电喷涂包覆法，其特征是：涂覆完成后，通过烤箱或其他加热使包覆层紧密熔融在金属线材上即可。
CN201810212664.2A 2018-03-15 2018-03-15 一种快速制作聚合物包覆导丝和微导丝的方法 Pending CN110270445A (zh)

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CN206622254U (zh) * 2017-03-21 2017-11-10 淮阴师范学院 一种用于机械加工的喷涂设备
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