CN110258398B - Garbage dust removal system and sweeper with same - Google Patents
Garbage dust removal system and sweeper with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110258398B CN110258398B CN201910491294.5A CN201910491294A CN110258398B CN 110258398 B CN110258398 B CN 110258398B CN 201910491294 A CN201910491294 A CN 201910491294A CN 110258398 B CN110258398 B CN 110258398B
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- garbage
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- filter hopper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
- E01H1/005—Mobile installations, particularly for upkeeping in situ road or railway furniture, for instance road barricades, traffic signs; Mobile installations particularly for upkeeping tunnel walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
- E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
- E01H1/0827—Dislodging by suction; Mechanical dislodging-cleaning apparatus with independent or dependent exhaust, e.g. dislodging-sweeping machines with independent suction nozzles ; Mechanical loosening devices working under vacuum
- E01H1/0836—Apparatus dislodging all of the dirt by suction ; Suction nozzles
- E01H1/0845—Apparatus dislodging all of the dirt by suction ; Suction nozzles with mechanical loosening or feeding instruments for the dirt to be sucked- up, e.g. brushes, scrapers
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a garbage dust removing system and a sweeper with the same, which comprises: the dust removal device comprises an inflow pipeline, the inflow pipeline is communicated with an installation box, and the installation box is communicated with the garbage can. The filter hopper is arranged in the installation box, the filter hopper is matched with the installation box to form a vortex-shaped flow channel between the filter hopper and the installation box, so that garbage-containing airflow is subjected to primary separation under the action of centrifugal force, separated heavy garbage, large-particle-size garbage and part of middle-particle-size garbage in middle and small particle sizes fall into the garbage can, and the rest part of middle-particle-size garbage in middle and small particle sizes enters the filter hopper after passing through the filter hopper. The garbage separating device also comprises a filter element group, wherein the filter element group is used for enabling garbage-containing airflow to form cyclone so as to separate light garbage with medium and small particle sizes, and the filter element group is communicated with the inner cavity of the filter hopper. The filter is connected to the top plate of the installation box and is respectively communicated with the filter core group and the atmosphere, so that garbage-containing airflow discharged by the filter core group enters the filter to be separated, and the separated clean airflow is discharged into the atmosphere.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a garbage dust removal system. In addition, the invention also relates to a sweeper comprising the garbage dust removal system.
Background
At present, the urban main road in China basically realizes mechanical cleaning operation, but the urban auxiliary road and the sidewalk are narrow, so that a large-scale sweeper cannot enter for cleaning, manual cleaning is mainly adopted, the operation efficiency is low, a large number of branches and leaves fall onto the urban auxiliary road and the sidewalk especially in leaf-falling seasons, and if the branches and leaves cannot be cleaned in time, the leaves drift around, and the urban attractiveness is seriously affected.
In the prior art, a small road sweeper is used for sweeping urban auxiliary roads and sidewalks. The existing small-sized road sweeper mainly comprises a chassis, a cleaning device, a suction nozzle, a suction fan, a dust removal device, a dustbin and a fan motor. The suction fan is driven by the fan motor to rotate at a high speed, air in the dustbin and the suction nozzle is sucked away, negative pressure is formed in the dustbin and the suction nozzle, the sweeping disc in the sweeping device rotates to gather garbage in the front of the suction nozzle, when the road sweeper moves forwards, the garbage is sucked into the inner cavity of the suction nozzle, the solid garbage filtered by the dust removal device enters the dustbin under the action of the negative pressure, and airflow in the garbage is discharged outwards by the fan.
In the existing small road sweeper, because the sucked garbage is mostly dry garbage such as dust, branches, leaves, paper scraps and the like, and the dust removal device can only simply filter the passing garbage-containing airflow, dust is easily raised due to the outward discharge of the airflow in the working process of the road sweeper, the atmospheric environment is polluted, and the body health of pedestrians and sanitation personnel is affected; in the road sweeper working process, the inhaled branch leaves occupy more dustbin space, and the dustbin is piled up easily and then shortens the activity duration of motor sweeper, reduces the operating efficiency that rubbish cleaned, and the inhaled branch leaves block up the pipeline easily, and then need spend more time and carry out stifled pipe processing, reduce the operating efficiency of motor sweeper to increase sanitation personnel's intensity of labour.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a garbage dust removal system and a sweeper with the same, and aims to solve the technical problem that dust is easily raised when air flow of the existing sweeper is discharged.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a dust extraction system for waste, comprising: dust collector for filter the dust removal to containing rubbish air current, dust collector includes: the garbage sweeper comprises a sweeper body, a garbage bin, an inflow pipeline, an installation box, a garbage bin and a garbage bin, wherein the garbage bin is used for containing garbage; a filter hopper is arranged in the installation box, the filter hopper is matched with the installation box to form a vortex-shaped flow channel between the filter hopper and the installation box, so that the entering garbage-containing airflow is subjected to primary separation under the action of centrifugal force, the separated heavy garbage, large-particle-size garbage and part of middle-particle-size garbage with middle particle size fall into a garbage can, and the rest part of middle-particle-size garbage with middle particle size enters an inner cavity of the filter hopper after passing through the filter hopper; the filter element group is arranged in the inner cavity of the filter hopper and used for carrying out secondary separation on the entering garbage-containing airflow, the filter element group is used for enabling the garbage-containing airflow to enter spirally to form a rotational flow so as to separate light garbage with medium and small particle sizes, and the filter element group is communicated with the inner cavity of the filter hopper so as to temporarily store the separated light garbage with medium and small particle sizes in the inner cavity of the filter hopper; the filter is connected to the upper surface of the top plate of the mounting box and is respectively communicated with the filter core group and the atmosphere, so that the garbage-containing airflow discharged from the filter core group enters the filter for separation, and the clean airflow after separation is discharged into the atmosphere.
Furthermore, the installation box is in a hollow box cover shape and comprises a box wall formed by enclosing a plurality of sections of arc plates and an upper cover plate connected to the top of the box wall, the opening end of the installation box faces downwards and is communicated with the garbage can in a sealing mode, the box wall is fixedly connected with a frame of the sweeper, the outflow end of the inflow pipeline is communicated with the box wall, and the upper cover plate is provided with an installation through hole for the filter hopper to penetrate through; the filter hopper comprises a bowl-shaped filter hopper body with two communicated ends, a mounting end cover connected to the opening end of the filter hopper body, a cylindrical baffle plate connected to the lower end face of the mounting end cover and arranged around the outside of the filter hopper body, and a self-resetting door assembly connected to the opening at the lower end of the filter hopper body; the filtering bucket body is inserted into the installation box to surround a vortex-shaped flow channel with the installation box, after an opening end of the filtering bucket body penetrates out of the installation through hole upwards, the installation end cover is detachably connected with the upper cover plate to seal the installation through hole, the cylindrical baffle is located between the filtering bucket body and the installation box and used for air flow diversion, it is guaranteed that one part of air flow entering the installation box does rotating motion in the vortex-shaped flow channel, the other part of air flow directly enters an inner cavity of the filtering bucket body, the self-resetting door assembly is used for automatically opening when light garbage with small and medium particle sizes stored in the filtering bucket body exceeds bearing weight, the light garbage with small and medium particle sizes falls into the garbage can, and the self-resetting closing is carried out after the light garbage with small and medium particle sizes.
Furthermore, a plurality of filtering through holes are formed in the side wall of the filtering hopper body, and the filtering through holes are used for allowing garbage-containing airflow to enter the inner cavity of the filtering hopper body; the filter element group is inserted into the inner cavity of the filter hopper body, and the top end of the filter element group is fixedly connected with the mounting end cover; the lower end of the filter hopper body is conical so as to temporarily store the light garbage with medium and small particle size filtered by the filter core group.
Furthermore, the filter element group comprises a plurality of cyclone tubes which are vertically arranged at intervals, the upper end of each cyclone tube is fixedly connected with the mounting end cover, and the lower end of each cyclone tube extends into the bottom of the filter hopper body; the side wall of each cyclone tube is communicated with the filter hopper body so that garbage-containing airflow can enter the cyclone tube; the lower end of each cyclone tube is communicated with the bottom of the filtering hopper body, so that the separated light garbage with medium and small particle sizes falls into the filtering hopper body to be stored; the upper end of each cyclone tube is communicated with the filter, so that the garbage-containing airflow separated by the cyclone tubes enters the filter again.
Furthermore, the cyclone tube comprises a conical tube which is vertically arranged and the lower end of the conical tube is conical, the conical tube is a hollow tube with two communicated ends, and the lower end of the conical tube extends to the bottom of the filtering hopper body; the cyclone tube also comprises a hollow straight tube which is vertically arranged and two ends of which are communicated, the upper end of the hollow straight tube is fixed with the mounting end cover and extends upwards out of the mounting end cover to be communicated with the filter, and the lower end of the hollow straight tube is axially inserted into the conical tube from the upper end of the conical tube; a guide plate is arranged between the hollow straight pipe and the conical pipe and extends spirally along the length direction of the conical pipe so as to guide the garbage-containing airflow into the conical pipe spirally to form rotational flow.
Furthermore, the garbage dust removal system also comprises a suction device used for crushing the garbage passing through, the inflow end of the suction device is communicated with the suction nozzle, the outflow end of the suction device is communicated with the inflow end of the inflow pipeline, the suction device is used for enabling the suction nozzle and the suction device to form a negative pressure environment, enabling the suction device and the garbage can to form a positive pressure environment, and enabling the garbage discharged from the suction nozzle to enter the dust removal device after being crushed by the suction device.
Further, the suction device includes a suction fan and a driving motor for driving the suction fan, and the suction fan includes: the fan shell is detachably connected with a frame of the sweeper, a garbage inlet and a garbage outlet which are communicated with an inner cavity of the fan shell are arranged on the fan shell, the garbage inlet is communicated with the suction nozzle, and the garbage outlet is communicated with the inflow pipeline; an impeller rotatably arranged is arranged in an inner cavity of the fan shell and connected with a driving end of a driving motor so as to rotate under the driving of the driving motor to crush garbage in the inner cavity of the fan shell.
Furthermore, the impeller comprises a wheel disc fixedly connected with the driving end of the driving motor, a plurality of blades which are arranged in a vortex shape are arranged on the wheel disc, and the blades are used for crushing the garbage in the rotating process of the wheel disc; the joint of each blade and the wheel disc is provided with a rib plate for reinforcing the connection strength of the blade and the wheel disc.
Furthermore, the garbage inlet is positioned at the first side of the fan shell, and the garbage outlet is positioned in the normal direction of the airflow rotation in the fan shell; the driving motor is communicated with the second side of the fan shell; be equipped with a plurality of access holes on the fan shell, each access hole department is equipped with the access cover board that is used for sealed access hole.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided a sweeper truck including a refuse collection system as described in any one of the preceding claims.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the dust removal device provided by the invention can be used for carrying out three-stage filtration and separation on the garbage-containing airflow, so that the garbage in the airflow is thoroughly separated, and the separation effect is good, and thus, the dust can not be raised when the airflow is discharged to the atmosphere, and further, the influence on the surrounding environment and the physical health of personnel can not be generated;
the sweeper disclosed by the invention not only carries out three-stage filtration and separation on the passing garbage-containing airflow, but also thoroughly separates the garbage in the airflow and has a good separation effect, so that the airflow is not blown into the atmosphere, and further the surrounding environment and the physical health of personnel are not affected; the suction pipeline can be effectively prevented from being blocked by garbage with larger volume such as branches and leaves, so that the labor intensity of sanitation workers in dredging and cleaning the blocked pipeline is reduced, the operation efficiency of the sweeper is improved, and the service life of the sweeper is prolonged; in addition, can effectively improve dust collector's dust removal effect, the raise dust that arouses when reducing the air current and discharging, the solid waste volume of filtering separation simultaneously is less, can not occupy more garbage bin accommodation space, and then the operating time of extension motor sweeper to improve the operating efficiency that rubbish was cleaned.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a dust collecting system and a sweeper truck with the dust collecting system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the dust removing device of FIG. 1 connected to a trash can;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the flow path of the dust removing process of the dust removing apparatus of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of the particles in the dust removing process of the dust removing device in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the cyclone tube of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the suction fan of FIG. 1 in a spatial configuration;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view of the structural schematic of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional front view structural diagram of fig. 6.
Description of the figures
10. Heavy garbage; 20. large-particle size garbage; 30. medium garbage with medium and small grain sizes; 40. light garbage with medium and small particle size; 50. fine dust; 60. a dust removal device; 61. an inflow pipe; 62. installing a box; 63. a filter hopper; 631. a filter hopper body; 632. installing an end cover; 633. a cylindrical baffle; 634. a self-resetting door assembly; 64. filtering the filter element group; 641. a swirl tube; 6411. a tapered tube; 6412. a hollow straight tube; 6413. a baffle; 65. a filter; 66. a vibrator; 70. a suction device; 71. a suction fan; 711. a fan housing; 7111. a waste inlet; 7112. a waste outlet; 712. an impeller; 7121. a wheel disc; 7122. a blade; 7123. a rib plate; 713. overhauling the cover plate; 714. a mounting seat; 715. a shock absorber; 72. a drive motor; 80. a garbage can.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a dust removing system for garbage, which is applied to a sweeper truck, the dust removing system comprising: the dust removal device 60 is used for filtering and removing dust of the garbage-containing airflow, the dust removal device 60 comprises an inflow pipeline 61 for allowing the garbage-containing airflow to enter, an outflow end of the inflow pipeline 61 is communicated with an installation box 62, the installation box 62 is connected with a frame of the sweeper, and the installation box 62 is further communicated with a garbage can 80 for containing solid garbage. The filter hopper 63 is arranged in the installation box 62, the filter hopper 63 is used for being matched with the installation box 62 to form a vortex-shaped flow channel between the two, so that the entering garbage-containing airflow is subjected to primary separation under the action of centrifugal force, the separated heavy garbage 10, large-particle-size garbage 20 and part of middle-particle-size garbage 30 fall into the garbage can 80, and the rest part of middle-particle-size garbage 30 enters the inner cavity of the filter hopper 63 after passing through the filter hopper 63. The garbage separating device further comprises a filter element group 64 which is arranged in the inner cavity of the filter hopper 63 and used for carrying out secondary separation on the entering garbage-containing airflow, the filter element group 64 is used for enabling the garbage-containing airflow to enter spirally to form a rotational flow so as to separate the light garbage 40 with the medium and small particle sizes, and the filter element group 64 is communicated with the inner cavity of the filter hopper 63 so that the separated light garbage 40 with the medium and small particle sizes is temporarily stored in the inner cavity of the filter hopper 63. The dust-containing air flow after being separated by the filter element group 64 is subjected to three-stage separation by the filter 65 to separate fine dust 50, and the filter 65 is connected to the upper surface of the top plate of the mounting box 62 and is respectively communicated with the filter element group 64 and the atmosphere, so that the dust-containing air flow discharged from the filter element group 64 enters the filter 65 to be separated, and the separated clean air flow is discharged into the atmosphere.
In the invention, heavy garbage 10, large-particle-size garbage 20, medium-particle-size garbage 30, medium-particle-size light garbage 40 and fine dust 50 are artificially divided according to the following rules: the heavy garbage 10 is garbage with the mass m more than or equal to 10 g; the large-particle-size garbage 20 is garbage with the diameter D larger than phi 10 mm; the medium garbage 30 with medium and small grain diameters is garbage with the diameter phi of 10 mu m and the diameter D of less than or equal to phi 10mm and the mass m of more than or equal to 1 g; the medium and small particle size light garbage 40 is garbage with the diameter phi 10 mu m more than D less than or equal to phi 10mm and the mass m less than 1 g; the fine dust 50 is garbage with the diameter D less than or equal to phi 10 mu m, and the dust diameter D in the discharged airflow (clean air) is less than or equal to phi 5 mu m.
When the dust removing device 60 of the present invention works, first-stage operation dust removal is performed: the garbage-containing airflow to be filtered and dedusted firstly enters the inflow pipeline 61, then enters the vortex-shaped flow channel between the installation box 62 and the filter hopper 63 through the inflow pipeline 61, and rotates under the action of the vortex-shaped flow channel to generate centrifugal force, and then the garbage-containing airflow is subjected to first-stage separation under the action of the centrifugal force to separate heavy garbage 10, large-particle-size garbage 20 and medium-particle-size garbage 30, the heavy garbage 10 and the large-particle-size garbage 20 are distributed near the inner side wall of the installation box 62, the medium-particle-size garbage 30 is distributed near the outer side wall of the filter hopper 63, and then the heavy garbage 10 and the large-particle-size garbage 20 fall into the garbage can 80 communicated with the installation box 62 along the inner side wall of the installation box 62, part of the medium-particle-size garbage 30 with the medium particle size is blocked outside the filter hopper 63 and falls into the garbage can 80 along the outer side wall of the filter hopper 63, and the rest part of the medium-particle-size garbage 30 with the medium particle-particle, as shown in fig. 3 and 4; then, carrying out secondary operation dust removal: the garbage-containing air flow in the inner cavity of the filter hopper 63 spirally enters the filter element group 64 under the action of the filter element group 64 to form a rotational flow, the garbage-containing air flow is subjected to secondary separation under the rotational flow action to separate the light garbage 40 with the medium and small particle size, and the separated light garbage 40 with the medium and small particle size is temporarily stored in the inner cavity of the filter hopper 63, as shown in fig. 3 and 4; and finally, carrying out third-stage operation dust removal: the garbage-containing air flow discharged from the filter element group 64 is separated by the filter 65 to separate the fine dust 50, the fine dust 50 is retained in the filter 65, and the clean air flow filtered by the filter 65 is discharged to the atmosphere. The dust removing device 60 of the invention performs three-stage filtration and separation on the passing garbage-containing airflow, the garbage in the airflow is thoroughly separated, and the separation effect is good, so that the dust can not be raised when the airflow is discharged to the atmosphere, and further the surrounding environment and the physical health of personnel can not be influenced.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the dust removing device 60 of the present invention further comprises a vibrator 66 connected to the top of the filter 65, wherein the vibrator 66 is configured to generate vibration during operation to shake off the fine dust 50 in the filter 65, thereby improving the filtering effect of the filter 65. In an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the vibrator 66 is a small high frequency vibration motor, and the filter 65 is a plate filter or a cloth filter having a multi-layer filter screen structure or other device capable of filtering fine dust 50. After the dust removal operation is stopped, the vibration motor is turned on to vibrate the plate filter, and the fine dust 50 filtered in the plate filter is vibrated down, so that the fine dust 50 falls into the filter hopper 63 below.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the installation box 62 is in a hollow box cover shape, and includes a box wall formed by enclosing a plurality of sections of arc plates and an upper cover plate connected to the top of the box wall, the open end of the installation box 62 faces downward and is in sealed communication with the garbage can 80, the box wall is fixedly connected to the frame of the sweeper, the outflow end of the inflow pipe 61 is communicated with the box wall, and the upper cover plate is provided with an installation through hole for the filter hopper 63 to be installed in a penetrating manner. The filter hopper 63 includes a filter hopper body 631 with two ends communicating and having a bowl shape, an installation end cover 632 connected to an opening end of the filter hopper body 631, a cylindrical baffle 633 connected to a lower end surface of the installation end cover 632 and surrounding the filter hopper body 631, and a self-reset door assembly 634 connected to a lower opening of the filter hopper body 631. The filtering hopper body 631 is inserted into the installation box 62 to enclose a vortex-shaped flow passage with the installation box 62, after an open end of the filtering hopper body 631 penetrates through the installation through hole upwards, the installation end cover 632 is detachably connected with the upper cover plate to seal the installation through hole, the cylindrical baffle 633 is positioned between the filtering hopper body 631 and the installation box 62 to split air flow, so that a part of air flow entering the installation box 62 is ensured to rotate in the vortex-shaped flow passage, the other part of air flow directly enters an inner cavity of the filtering hopper body 631, and the self-reset door component 634 is used for automatically opening when the light garbage 40 with the medium and small particle size stored in the filtering hopper body 631 exceeds the bearing weight, so that the light garbage 40 with the medium and small particle size falls into the garbage can 80, and automatically resetting and closing after the light garbage 40 with the medium and small particle size falls.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of filtering through holes are formed in the sidewall of the filtering hopper 631, and the filtering through holes are used for allowing the garbage-containing air flow to enter the inner cavity of the filtering hopper 631. The filter element group 64 is inserted into the inner cavity of the filter hopper body 631, and the top end of the filter element group 64 is fixedly connected with the mounting end cover 632. The lower end of the filter hopper body 631 is tapered to temporarily store the light garbage 40 with small and medium particle sizes filtered by the filter core set 64. Specifically, the self-resetting door assembly 634 includes a torsion spring and a steel plate, one side of which is hinged with the filter hopper body 631; the torsion spring is installed on the hinge shaft where the steel plate is hinged to the filter bucket 631, and the torsion spring is used to make the steel plate close the lower opening of the filter bucket 631. Alternatively, the self-reset door assembly 634 is a canvas pipe or a foldable hose, the upper end of the canvas pipe or the foldable hose is communicated with the lower end opening of the filtering bucket 631, and the canvas pipe or the foldable hose is used for preventing the airflow from entering the inner cavity of the filtering bucket 631 upwards; preferably, the canvas tube or the foldable hose is a cylindrical tube or a tapered tube having a cylindrical upper end and a tapered lower end to ensure that the air flow is prevented from entering the inner cavity of the filter bucket 631 from below the filter bucket 631. Alternatively, the self-resetting door assembly 634 includes an extension spring and a steel plate, one side of which is hinged to the filter hopper body 631, and the other side of which is connected with the extension spring, and the extension spring is used to make the steel plate close the lower end opening of the filter hopper body 631; alternatively, the self-resetting door assembly 634 includes a driving cylinder or oil cylinder and a steel plate, one side of the steel plate is hinged to the filter hopper body 631, and the other side of the steel plate is connected to the driving cylinder or oil cylinder, which is connected to the control device to close or open the lower end opening of the filter hopper body 631 by the steel plate under the action of the control device.
When the first-stage operation dust removal is carried out, the garbage-containing airflow enters the spiral flow channel through the inflow pipeline 61 and generates centrifugal force under the action of the spiral flow channel, the garbage-containing airflow is subjected to first-stage separation under the action of the centrifugal force to separate heavy garbage 10, large-particle-size garbage 20 and medium-particle-size garbage 30, the heavy garbage 10 and the large-particle-size garbage 20 are distributed near the outer annular wall of the spiral flow channel, the medium-particle-size garbage 30 is distributed near the outer side wall of the filter hopper 63, and the heavy garbage 10 and the large-particle size garbage 20 fall down into the garbage can 80 along the outer annular wall of the spiral flow passage, the medium garbage 30 with small and medium grain diameter is partially blocked outside the filter funnel 63 and falls down into the garbage can 80 along the outer side wall of the filter funnel 63, the rest part of the medium-sized and small-sized garbage 30 passes through the filtering through holes on the filtering funnel 63 and then enters the inner cavity of the filtering funnel 63, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the filter element set 64 includes a plurality of swirl tubes 641 vertically spaced apart, an upper end of each swirl tube 641 is fixedly connected to the mounting end cover 632, and a lower end of each swirl tube 641 extends into the bottom of the filter bucket 631. The sidewall of each cyclone tube 641 is connected to the filter body 631 for allowing the garbage-containing air to flow into the cyclone tube 641. The lower end of each cyclone pipe 641 is communicated with the bottom of the filter hopper 631, so that the separated light garbage 40 with small and medium particle size falls into the filter hopper 631 for storage. The upper end of each cyclone pipe 641 is connected to the filter 65, so that the garbage-containing airflow separated by the cyclone pipe 641 enters the filter 65 again.
In the embodiment of this alternative, as shown in fig. 5, the swirl tube 641 includes a conical tube 6411 having a conical lower end, the conical tube 6411 is a hollow tube with two ends connected, the lower end of the conical tube 6411 extends to the bottom of the filter hopper 631, and the larger the distance from the lower end of the conical tube 6411 to the self-reset door assembly 634, the better the smaller the distance, without any structural limitation, the smaller the particle size light garbage 40 blown off from the lower end of the conical tube 6411 is, and the smaller the particle size light garbage 40 falls off from the self-reset door assembly 634. The swirl tube 641 further includes a vertical straight hollow tube 6412 with two ends connected, the upper end of the straight hollow tube 6412 is fixed to the mounting end cap 632 and extends upward out of the mounting end cap 632 to be connected to the filter 65, and the lower end of the straight hollow tube 6412 is axially inserted into the conical tube 6411 from the upper end of the conical tube 6411. A flow guide plate 6413 is provided between the straight hollow tube 6412 and the tapered tube 6411, and the flow guide plate 6413 extends spirally along the length direction of the tapered tube 6411 to guide the garbage-containing airflow spirally into the tapered tube 6411 to form a swirling flow.
When the second-stage dust removal operation is carried out, the garbage-containing air flow firstly enters the inner cavity of the filter hopper body 631 from the filter through holes on the filter hopper body 631, then enters the tapered pipe 6411 from the gap between the tapered pipe 6411 and the hollow straight pipe 6412, and rotates downwards under the flow guiding action of the spirally extending flow guiding plate 6413 to form a rotational flow, so that the garbage-containing air flow carries out second-stage filter dust removal under the rotational flow action to filter out the light garbage 40 with medium and small particle sizes, the filtered light garbage 40 with medium and small particle sizes falls into the filter hopper body 631 from the lower end of the tapered pipe 6411, and the air flow containing fine dust 50 enters the plate filter from the upper end of the hollow straight pipe 6412.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the dust removing system further comprises a suction device 70 for forming a vacuum environment between the suction nozzle of the sweeper truck and the garbage can 80, and the suction device 70 is also used for crushing the passing garbage. The inflow end of the suction device 70 is communicated with the suction nozzle, and the outflow end of the suction device 70 is communicated with the inflow end of the inflow pipe 61, so that the garbage discharged from the suction nozzle is crushed by the suction device 70 and then enters the dust removing device 60. The garbage dust removal system also comprises a suction device 70, wherein the suction device 70 is used for enabling a suction nozzle of the sweeper and the garbage can 80 to form a vacuum environment so that garbage is sucked into the garbage can 80 under the action of the suction nozzle, the suction device 70 is also used for crushing the garbage passing through, and then the garbage discharged by the suction nozzle can enter the dust removal device 60 after being crushed by the suction device 70, so that the dust with larger volume of branches and leaves can be effectively prevented from blocking a suction pipeline, the labor intensity of environmental sanitation workers in dredging and cleaning the blocked pipeline is reduced, the operation efficiency of the sweeper is improved, and the service life of the sweeper is prolonged; on the other hand, get into dust collector 60 again after the rubbish is broken, not only effectively improve dust collector 60's dust removal effect, the raise dust that arouses when reducing the air current and discharging, the solid waste volume of filtering separation simultaneously is less, can not occupy more garbage bin accommodation space, and then the operating time of extension motor sweeper to improve the operating efficiency that rubbish was cleaned.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, 6 and 7, the suction device 70 includes a suction fan 71 and a driving motor 72 for driving the suction fan 71 to operate, and the suction fan 71 includes: the fan shell 711 is detachably connected with a frame of the sweeper, a garbage inlet 7111 and a garbage outlet 7112 which are communicated with an inner cavity of the fan shell 711 are arranged on the fan shell 711, the garbage inlet 7111 is communicated with a suction nozzle, and the garbage outlet 7112 is communicated with the inflow pipeline 61. An impeller 712 is rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the blower housing 711, and the impeller 712 is connected to the driving end of the driving motor 72 to rotate under the driving of the driving motor 72 to crush the garbage in the inner cavity of the blower housing 711. During operation, the garbage-containing airflow firstly enters the blower housing 711 from the garbage inlet 7111, the impeller 712 rotates at a high speed under the action of the driving motor 72, after the garbage-containing airflow enters the blower housing 711, the garbage-containing airflow collides with the impeller 712 and is crushed under the action of the impeller 712, and the garbage crushed by the impeller 712 is discharged outwards from the garbage outlet 7112 along with the airflow and enters the inflow pipe 61.
Preferably, the suction fan 71 further includes a mounting seat 714 fixedly coupled to the fan housing 711, and the suction fan 71 is integrally installed at a desired place through the mounting seat 714. Further, a plurality of dampers 715 are installed at the bottom of the mounting seat 714 for reducing vibration when the suction fan 71 operates. Specifically, the dampers 715 are rubber blocks, plastic blocks, or the like.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the impeller 712 includes a disk 7121 fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving motor 72, a plurality of blades 7122 arranged in a vortex shape are disposed on the disk 7121, and the blades 7122 are used for crushing the garbage during the rotation of the disk 7121. Further, blades 7122 are provided with cutting edges to break up the trash. The joint of each blade 7122 and the wheel disk 7121 is provided with a rib plate 7123 for enhancing the connection strength of the blade 7122 and the wheel disk 7121.
In this alternative embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8, 6 and 7, a waste inlet 7111 is located on a first side of the blower housing 711 for connection to the discharge end of a suction nozzle; the garbage outlet 7112 is located in the normal direction of the swirling airflow in the blower housing 711, so that the crushed garbage can be smoothly discharged from the garbage outlet 7112 by the swirling airflow. The driving motor 72 communicates with a second side of the blower housing 711. The fan shell 711 is provided with a plurality of access holes, each access hole is provided with an access cover plate 713 used for sealing the access hole, the access holes are in a closed state when the suction fan 71 works, and the access cover plates 713 can be opened when the suction fan 71 needs to be checked, maintained and cleaned.
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a sweeper including a dust removing system for garbage as described above, so that the sweeper of the present invention not only performs three-stage filtration and separation on a passing garbage-containing airflow, but also separates the garbage in the airflow thoroughly with good separation effect, so that the airflow does not cause dust emission when being discharged to the atmosphere, and further does not affect the surrounding environment and the physical health of people; the suction pipeline can be effectively prevented from being blocked by garbage with larger volume such as branches and leaves, so that the labor intensity of sanitation workers in dredging and cleaning the blocked pipeline is reduced, the operation efficiency of the sweeper is improved, and the service life of the sweeper is prolonged; in addition, can effectively improve dust collector 60's dust removal effect, the raise dust that arouses when reducing the air current and discharging, the solid waste volume of filtering separation simultaneously is less, can not occupy more garbage bin accommodation space, and then the operating time of extension motor sweeper to improve the operating efficiency that rubbish was cleaned.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A dust extraction system for waste, comprising: dust removal device (60) for filtering and removing dust from a dust-containing air flow, the dust removal device (60) comprising:
the garbage sweeper comprises an inflow pipeline (61) for allowing garbage-containing airflow to enter, wherein an outflow end of the inflow pipeline (61) is communicated with an installation box (62), the installation box (62) is connected with a frame of the sweeper, and the installation box (62) is also communicated with a garbage can (80) for containing solid garbage; a filter hopper (63) is arranged in the installation box (62), the filter hopper (63) is used for being matched with the installation box (62) to form a vortex-shaped flow channel between the filter hopper and the installation box, so that the entering garbage-containing airflow is subjected to primary separation under the action of centrifugal force, the separated heavy garbage (10), large-particle-size garbage (20) and part of middle-particle-size garbage (30) fall into the garbage can (80), and the rest part of middle-particle-size garbage (30) passes through the filter hopper (63) and then enters an inner cavity of the filter hopper (63);
the filter element group (64) is arranged in the inner cavity of the filter hopper (63) and is used for carrying out secondary separation on the entering garbage-containing airflow, the filter element group (64) is used for enabling the garbage-containing airflow to enter spirally to form a rotational flow so as to separate light garbage (40) with medium and small particle sizes, and the filter element group (64) is communicated with the inner cavity of the filter hopper (63) so that the separated light garbage (40) with medium and small particle sizes is temporarily stored in the inner cavity of the filter hopper (63);
the filter (65) is used for carrying out three-stage separation on the garbage-containing airflow after being separated by the filter element group (64) so as to separate fine dust (50), the filter (65) is connected to the upper surface of the top plate of the mounting box (62) and is respectively communicated with the filter element group (64) and the atmosphere, so that the garbage-containing airflow discharged by the filter element group (64) enters the filter (65) for separation, and the clean airflow after being separated is discharged into the atmosphere;
the mounting box (62) is in a hollow box cover shape and comprises a box wall formed by enclosing a plurality of sections of arc plates and an upper cover plate connected to the top of the box wall, the open end of the mounting box (62) faces downwards and is in sealed communication with the garbage can (80), the box wall is fixedly connected with a frame of the sweeper, the outflow end of the inflow pipeline (61) is communicated with the box wall, and the upper cover plate is provided with a mounting through hole for the filter hopper (63) to penetrate through;
the filter hopper (63) comprises a filter hopper body (631) with two communicated and bowl-shaped ends, an installation end cover (632) connected to the opening end of the filter hopper body (631), a cylindrical baffle (633) connected to the lower end face of the installation end cover (632) and surrounding the filter hopper body (631), and a self-resetting door assembly (634) connected to the opening at the lower end of the filter hopper body (631);
the filtering hopper body (631) is inserted into the installation box (62) to surround the mounting box (62) to form a vortex-shaped flow channel, after an opening end of the filtering hopper body (631) penetrates out of the installation through hole upwards, the installation end cover (632) is detachably connected with the upper cover plate to seal the installation through hole, the cylindrical baffle (633) is positioned between the filtering hopper body (631) and the installation box (62) to be used for air flow distribution, it is ensured that one part of air flow entering the installation box (62) is in rotary motion in the vortex-shaped flow channel, the other part of air flow directly enters an inner cavity of the filtering hopper body (631), the self-reset door assembly (634) is used for automatically opening when the light garbage (40) with the medium and small particle sizes stored in the filtering hopper body (631) exceeds the bearing weight, so that the light garbage (40) with the medium and small particle sizes falls into the garbage can (80), and the garbage can automatically reset and close after the light garbage (40) with small and medium grain diameters falls off.
2. A dust extraction system for refuse according to claim 1,
a plurality of filtering through holes are formed in the side wall of the filtering hopper body (631), and the filtering through holes are used for allowing garbage-containing airflow to enter an inner cavity of the filtering hopper body (631);
the filter element group (64) is inserted into the inner cavity of the filter hopper body (631), and the top end of the filter element group (64) is fixedly connected with the mounting end cover (632);
the lower end of the filter hopper body (631) is conical to temporarily store the light garbage (40) with the medium and small particle size filtered by the filter element group (64).
3. A dust extraction system for refuse according to claim 2,
the filter element group (64) comprises a plurality of swirl tubes (641) which are vertically arranged at intervals, the upper ends of the swirl tubes (641) are fixedly connected with the mounting end cover (632), and the lower ends of the swirl tubes (641) extend into the bottom of the filter hopper body (631);
the side wall of each swirl pipe (641) is communicated with the filter hopper body (631) so as to allow garbage-containing airflow to enter the swirl pipes (641);
the lower end of each cyclone pipe (641) is communicated with the bottom of the filtering hopper body (631) so that the separated light garbage (40) with small and medium particle sizes falls into the filtering hopper body (631) to be stored;
the upper end of each swirl tube (641) is communicated with the filter (65) so that the garbage-containing airflow separated by the swirl tubes (641) enters the filter (65) again.
4. A dust extraction system according to claim 3,
the cyclone tube (641) comprises a conical tube (6411) which is vertically arranged and the lower end of which is conical, the conical tube (6411) is a hollow tube with two communicated ends, and the lower end of the conical tube (6411) extends to the bottom of the filter hopper body (631);
the swirl tube (641) further comprises a hollow straight tube (6412) which is vertically arranged and two ends of which are communicated, the upper end of the hollow straight tube (6412) is fixed with the mounting end cover (632), extends upwards out of the mounting end cover (632) and then is communicated with the filter (65), and the lower end of the hollow straight tube (6412) is axially inserted into the conical tube (6411) from the upper end of the conical tube (6411);
a flow guide plate (6413) is arranged between the hollow straight pipe (6412) and the conical pipe (6411), and the flow guide plate (6413) extends spirally along the length direction of the conical pipe (6411) so as to guide the garbage-containing airflow into the conical pipe (6411) spirally to form a rotational flow.
5. A dust extraction system for refuse according to claim 1,
the garbage dust removal system further comprises a suction device (70) used for crushing the garbage passing through, the inflow end of the suction device (70) is communicated with a suction nozzle, the outflow end of the suction device (70) is communicated with the inflow end of the inflow pipeline (61), the suction device (70) is used for enabling the suction nozzle and the suction device (70) to form a negative pressure environment, a positive pressure environment is formed between the suction device (70) and the garbage can (80), and the garbage discharged by the suction nozzle enters the dust removal device (60) after being crushed by the suction device (70).
6. A dust extraction system for refuse according to claim 5,
the suction device (70) comprises a suction fan (71) and a driving motor (72) for driving the suction fan (71) to act, and the suction fan (71) comprises:
the fan shell (711) is detachably connected with the frame of the sweeper, a garbage inlet (7111) and a garbage outlet (7112) which are communicated with the inner cavity of the fan shell (711) are arranged on the fan shell (711), the garbage inlet (7111) is communicated with the suction nozzle, and the garbage outlet (7112) is communicated with the inflow pipeline (61);
an impeller (712) which is rotatably arranged is arranged in the inner cavity of the fan shell (711), and the impeller (712) is connected with the driving end of the driving motor (72) so as to rotate under the driving of the driving motor (72) to crush garbage in the inner cavity of the fan shell (711).
7. A dust extraction system for refuse according to claim 6,
the impeller (712) comprises a wheel disc (7121) fixedly connected with the driving end of the driving motor (72), a plurality of blades (7122) which are arranged in a vortex shape are arranged on the wheel disc (7121), and the blades (7122) are used for crushing garbage in the rotating process of the wheel disc (7121);
and rib plates (7123) used for enhancing the connection strength of the blades (7122) and the wheel disc (7121) are arranged at the connection parts of the blades (7122) and the wheel disc.
8. A dust extraction system for refuse according to claim 6,
the garbage inlet (7111) is positioned at the first side of the fan shell (711), and the garbage outlet (7112) is positioned in the normal direction of the air flow rotating in the fan shell (711);
the drive motor (72) is in communication with a second side of the fan housing (711);
the fan shell (711) is provided with a plurality of access holes, and each access hole is provided with an access cover plate (713) used for sealing the access hole.
9. A sweeper truck comprising a dust extraction system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN113774845A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-10 | 福建龙马环卫装备股份有限公司 | Working method of sweeper and sweeper |
| CN117702551B (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-05-31 | 湖北中德焊接技术有限公司 | Railway ballast sucking vehicle |
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