CN110253130A - Deflection scanning control method when electron beam welding different alloys thin plate - Google Patents
Deflection scanning control method when electron beam welding different alloys thin plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110253130A CN110253130A CN201910595761.9A CN201910595761A CN110253130A CN 110253130 A CN110253130 A CN 110253130A CN 201910595761 A CN201910595761 A CN 201910595761A CN 110253130 A CN110253130 A CN 110253130A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0013—Positioning or observing workpieces, e.g. with respect to the impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing electronbeams
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to deflection scanning control methods when a kind of electron beam welding different alloys thin plate.This method comprises: the deflection coil of the output end setting energization in electron beam channel, the deflection coil are located at the focus coil outlet side of electron gun, focusing electron beam are made to generate deflection scanning line under the action of the Lorentz force of magnetic field；Pass through the size of current of control input deflection coil, to control the deflection scanning parameter of electron beam, the beam spot that heat input energy is Gaussian Profile is obtained, when making electron beam welding different alloys thin plate, the heat input energy that beam spot acts in low melting point and dystectic latten is respectively P0And P1, wherein P0< P1.The deflection coil being powered by setting, can control deflection scanning magnetic field, accurately to control the offset of electron beam, the side energy input for keeping fusing point high is big, low-melting side energy input is small, is accurately controlled when welding heat input with realizing, to obtain the welding line joint of more excellent performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electron beam welding technology fields, deflection when more particularly to electron beam welding different alloys thin plate
Scan control method.
Background technique
With Aeronautics and Astronautics, microelectronics and the fast development of national defense industry, the military service performance of component is proposed more and more severe
The requirement at quarter.The component of single material is no longer satisfied service condition under complex working condition, in order to meet component lightweight, structure
The development need of function integration and low-cost design manufacture becomes a kind of from single alloy to the development of a variety of alloy composite components
New application trend.To play the performance advantage of dissimilar material to greatest extent.
For the welding of dissimilar material, due to dissimilar material physical property, the difference of chemical property and metallurgical incompatibility,
Traditional fusion welding method makes liquid state molten pool over-mixed, generates a large amount of hard and crisp intermetallic compound, between the metal of big thickness
Not only there is micro-crack in compound, and contain biggish internal stress, greatly reduce joint performance.Therefore traditional welding process
Effectively different alloys cannot be welded.
Vacuum electron beam welding is avoided and was welded by means of unique heat transfer mechanism and pure vacuum welding environment
The pollution of journey has the characteristics that small welding deformation, heating and cooling velocity is fast, energy density is big, depth-to-width ratio is big, different for welding
Kind latten welding has significant advantage, is one of ideal welding technique of dissimilar material.
Currently, can only adjust beam position when using electron beam welding different alloys thin plate by optical observation and realize weldering
Centering is stitched, different alloys two sides energy input is equal after centering, but since often fusing point difference is larger for different alloys, so identical
Heat input be difficult to ensure the welding quality of connector.If wanting to realize that different alloys two sides energy input is different, machinery can only be passed through
Method finely tunes the relative position of beam spot and weld seam, and the side energy input high to fusing point is larger, the low side energy of fusing point
It inputting smaller, but is adjusted by then passing through optical observation combination mechanical movement, heat input ratio cannot accurately control distribution,
So as to cause weldquality decline.
Therefore, deflection scanning control method when a kind of electron beam welding different alloys thin plate is inventor provided.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides deflection scanning control methods when a kind of electron beam welding different alloys thin plate, can
The accurate control scanned to deflection of a beam of electrons is realized, thus accurately offset of the control electron beam when welding on different alloys thin plate
Amount, to achieve the purpose that accurately to control heat input energy, to obtain the welding line joint of more excellent performance.
The embodiment of the present invention proposes deflection scanning control method when a kind of electron beam welding different alloys thin plate, should
Method includes:
In the deflection coil that the output end setting of electron beam channel is powered, the deflection coil is located at the focal line of electron gun
Outlet side is enclosed, focusing electron beam is made to generate deflection scanning line under the action of the Lorentz force of magnetic field；
The size of current of the deflection coil is inputted by control, to control the deflection scanning parameter of electron beam, obtains heat
Input energy is the beam spot of Gaussian Profile, and when making electron beam welding different alloys thin plate, beam spot acts on low melting point
It is respectively P with the heat input energy on dystectic latten0And P1, wherein P0< P1。
Further, the deflection coil include two it is orthogonal along the radially-arranged X of electron beam to deflection coil
With Y-direction deflection coil, the X inputs corresponding electric current and waveform control to deflection coil and the Y-direction deflection coil respectively
Signal.
It further, further include being equipped with sweep waveform signal device and DC component signal generation apparatus, the scanning wave
Shape signal device exports sweep waveform X signal and sweep waveform Y-signal, the DC component signal generation apparatus output direct current point
Measure X signal and DC component Y-signal, wherein sweep waveform X signal input X synchronous with the DC component X signal is to inclined
Switch coil driver, and after its amplification output to the X to deflection coil；The sweep waveform Y-signal and the direct current point
The synchronous input Y-direction deflection coil driver of Y-signal is measured, and is exported after its amplification to the Y-direction deflection coil.
Further, the deflection scanning parameter of the electron beam includes the offset of electron beam, sweep waveform, scanning width
Value, scan frequency.
Further, under the action of the deflection coil, when electron beam welding different alloys thin plate, electron beam is along xenogenesis
Latten bead direction carries out high-frequency reciprocating deflection scanning, meanwhile, electron beam is pre- to the offset of dystectic latten side
Set a distance simultaneously does high-frequency reciprocating scanning motion between different alloys thin plate.
To sum up, deflection scanning control method when a kind of electron beam welding different alloys thin plate of the invention, by electricity
The deflection coil that the output end setting in beamlet channel is powered makes electron beam generate deflection under the action of the Lorentz force of magnetic field and sweeps
It retouches, beam spot scan path can be made to carry out deflection scanning according to the sweep parameter of setting, and it is each to be able to achieve accurate control in real time
Parameter, since beam spot diameter, is certain, beam spot shape is certain, and beam spot energy is in Gaussian Profile, therefore, by controlling deflection of a beam of electrons
I.e. controllable heat input energy of the electron beam on different metal materials of scanning, keeps low-melting-point metal heat input few, high-melting-point gold
It is more to belong to heat input, to make the dissimilar metal uniform melt that need to be welded, additionally by bilateral scanning, plays agitation molten pool refinement
The effect of crystal grain, so as to obtain, shaping surface is good, the uniform high strength weld joints of interior tissue.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, will make below to required in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings described below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Deflection scanning control method when Fig. 1 is a kind of electron beam welding different alloys thin plate of the embodiment of the present invention is answered
Use schematic diagram of a scenario.
Fig. 2 is control waveform diagram of the invention.
In figure:
1- sweep waveform signal device；2- DC component signal generation apparatus；The sweep waveform X signal of 3- output；4- is defeated
Sweep waveform Y-signal out；The DC component X signal of 5- output；The DC component Y-signal of 6- output；7-X drives to deflection coil
Dynamic device；8-Y is to deflection coil driver；9-X is to deflection coil；10- electron gun pack collection；11- anode；12- focus coil；
13-Y is to deflection coil；14- line；The dystectic latten of 15-；16- weld seam；The latten of 17- low melting point；18- work
Make platform.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.Following embodiment it is detailed
Thin description and attached drawing cannot be used to limit the scope of the invention for illustratively illustrating the principle of the present invention, i.e., of the invention
It is not limited to described embodiment, covers part, component and connection type under the premise of without departing from the spirit of the present invention
Any modification, replacement and improvement.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The application is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
Deflection scanning control method when Fig. 1 is a kind of electron beam welding different alloys thin plate of the embodiment of the present invention is answered
With schematic diagram of a scenario, as shown in Figure 1, electron beam (line) 14 be after emission of cathode, by electron gun pack collection 10 and anode 11
Between the electrostatic field that generates accelerate, focused by focus coil 12, the output end of electron beam channel be provided with the inclined of energization
Switch coil (X to deflection coil 9 and Y-direction deflection coil 13), the deflection coil is located at the output of the focus coil 12 of electron gun
Side makes focusing electron beam generate deflection scanning line 14 under the action of the Lorentz force of magnetic field；In weld job, pass through control
The size of current of the deflection coil is inputted, the waveform of deflection coil can be controlled, to control electron beam (line 14 in Fig. 1)
Deflection scanning parameter, obtain heat input energy be Gaussian Profile beam spot, make electron beam welding different alloys thin plate (figure
It is the latten 17 for being placed on dystectic latten 15 on welding bench 18 and low melting point in 1) when, beam spot is made
It is respectively P with the heat input energy in low melting point and dystectic latten0And P1, wherein P0< P1。
Specifically, the present invention in the deflection coil include two it is orthogonal along the radially-arranged X of electron beam to
Deflection coil 9 and Y-direction deflection coil 13, the X input corresponding respectively to deflection coil 9 and the Y-direction deflection coil 13
Electric current and waveform control signal.
Further, method of the invention further includes filling equipped with sweep waveform signal device 1 and DC component signal
2 are set, the sweep waveform signal device 1 includes the sweep waveform X signal 3 and the sweep waveform Y-signal 4 of output of output, described
DC component signal generation apparatus 2 includes the DC component X signal 5 of output and the DC component Y-signal 6 of output, wherein output
Sweep waveform X signal 3 with the synchronous input X of DC component X signal 5 of output to deflection coil driver 7, and after it amplifies
It exports to the X to deflection coil 9；Meanwhile the sweep waveform Y-signal 4 of output and the DC component Y-signal 6 of output are synchronous defeated
Enter Y-direction deflection coil driver 8, and exports after its amplification to the Y-direction deflection coil 13.
Under the action of deflection coil of the invention (X to deflection coil 9 and Y-direction deflection coil 13), electron beam welding is different
When kind of latten, electron beam (line 14) (with workbench 18 is reference coordinate in Fig. 1 along 16 direction of different alloys thin board welding seam
The y of system to) carry out high-frequency reciprocating deflection scanning, meanwhile, electron beam (line 14) is deviated to dystectic 15 side of latten
Preset distance and to do high frequency between different alloys thin plate (latten 17 of dystectic latten 15 and low melting point) past
Multiple scanning movement.
It should be noted that if electron beam can be under acceleration voltage and effect of inertia in electron gun without externally-applied magnetic field
It moves along a straight line.The present invention can make electron beam generate deflection by placing deflection coil on electron beam channel, of the invention
Deflection coil is to have set two orthogonal (X is to deflection coil 9 and Y-direction deflection wire along the radially-arranged coil of electron beam
13) circle, when electric current flows through deflection coil, can generate the magnetic field of the Vertical electron beam direction of motion, electron beam passes through this magnetic field,
It deflects under the action of Lorentz.Beam spot is subcircular beam spot, and beam spot energy is in Gaussian Profile, so passing through essence
The really electric current of control input deflection coil can accurately control offset, the sweep waveform, scan amplitude, scanning frequency of electron beam
The key parameters such as rate, to accurately control heat input.
In addition, making weldquality more to be stirred refinement crystal grain to molten bath using electron beam during the welding process
It is good, it is provided with sweep waveform signal device 1, electron beam can be made to carry out high-frequency reciprocating deflection scanning centered on 0 point along Y-direction,
In engineering practice, scan frequency can be set as 1000Hz, scan amplitude is ± 0.1mm；Meanwhile making electron beam to high-melting-point mother
Material metal deflects 0.3mm along X, while scanning along X to high-frequency reciprocating scanning motion, scan frequency 1000Hz is centered on 0.3
Amplitude ± 0.1mm.
The signal waveform of above-mentioned control method of the invention is realized as shown in Fig. 2, the signal waveform in figure passes through to deflection
The voltage value of coil input changes over time curve characterization.X to deflection coil finally enter value be the superposition of two kinds of waveforms such as
Fig. 2 (c).Fig. 2 (a) is the basic sweep waveform of output, and Fig. 2 (b) is a DC voltage component, and two kinds of addition of waveforms obtain most
Whole output signal Fig. 2 (c).If electron beam can only be under the action of Fig. 2 (a) signal, along electricity without the signal of Fig. 2 (b)
Reciprocal deflection scanning is done at beamlet center itself, and can not achieve off beam welding.Therefore, direct current is also provided with just because of the present invention
Component signal generating device, energy output DC component X signal and DC component Y-signal, in Fig. 2 (a) and two kinds of signals of Fig. 2 (b)
Superposition under, electron beam does the movement of reciprocal high frequency deflection scanning, offset, that is, electronics centered on certain deviation post
Beam deflection scanning center position can adjust DC component by changing the voltage of Fig. 2 (b), to realize to the accurate of offset
Adjustment.In welding deflection surface sweeping control method of the invention, Y-direction is Fig. 2 (a) signal, and electron beam is done centered on 0 point along Y-direction
Reciprocal deflection scanning, scan frequency 1000Hz, scan amplitude are ± 0.1mm；X is to for Fig. 2 (c) signal, and electron beam is in Fig. 2
(b) under the action of, deviate 0.3mm to dystectic latten direction, then according to this centered on do reciprocal deflection in X direction and sweep
It retouches, scan frequency 1000Hz, scan amplitude is ± 0.1mm.X, two signal of Y exports simultaneously respectively, realizes entire electron beam
Deflection scanning.Electron beam scan frequency and amplitude and motion mode is adjusted in the waveform for adjusting Fig. 2 (a) simultaneously；It adjusts
The waveform of Fig. 2 (b) is the offset of adjustable deflection of a beam of electrons scanning, and control method through the invention can be realized to electron beam
The real-time accurate control of deflection scanning.
Below to illustrate the present invention for the specific embodiment of electron beam welding TA1 titanium alloy and 7075 aluminum alloy plate materials
The feasibility of method:
Step 1: welding preparation, material is tested in the test of preparation is: having a size of 100mm × 50mm × 2mm TA1 titanium alloy
With having a size of 7075 aluminum alloy plate materials of 100mm × 50mm × 2mm, docks after material is cleaned out and gripped with fixture
In on electron beam workbench, the operating distance 300mm of electron gun；
Step 2: electron-beam welder being vacuumized after reaching 5 × 10-3Pa, and electricity is arranged on electron-beam welder control panel
Sub- rifle acceleration voltage -60kV, welding line are 20mA, speed of welding 18mm/s, focus current 395mA；
Step 3: scan setting, X are to setting scanning signal as shown in Fig. 2 (c), scan frequency 1000HZ, amplitude
± 0.1mm, offset are+0.3mm, and scanning wave signal is output to X to deflection coil driver from control circuit, and signal passes through X
X is output to deflection coil after to the amplification of deflection coil driver, and deflection coil exports magnetic field, makes electron beam in X to according to setting
Definite value movement；The scanning signal as shown in Fig. 2 (a), scan frequency 1000HZ is arranged in Y-direction, and amplitude is ± 0.1mm, offset
It is 0, scanning wave signal is output to Y-direction deflection coil driver by control circuit, and signal amplifies by Y-direction deflection coil driver
After be output to Y-direction deflection coil, deflection coil exports magnetic field, moves electron beam according to setting value in Y-direction.
Step 4: executing welding process, closes high pressure, line and deflection scanning control system after the completion；
Step 5: after the cooling 18min-22min of vacuum chamber, vacuum is gone, welding is completed.It is verified, compared with prior art
Electro-beam welding method, the shaping surface that can be obtained using method of the invention is good, the uniform high intensity of interior tissue is welded
Connector.
It should be clear that the above description is only an example of the present application, it is not restricted to the application.Also, it is
For the sake of concise, detailed description of the above-mentioned omission to known method technology.Without departing from the scope of the invention for
For those skilled in the art, various changes and changes are possible in this application.It is all to be made within the spirit and principles of the present application
Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc., should be included within the scope of claims hereof.
Claims (5)
1. deflection scanning control method when electron beam welding different alloys thin plate characterized by comprising
In the deflection coil that the output end setting of electron beam channel is powered, the focus coil that the deflection coil is located at electron gun is defeated
Side out makes focusing electron beam generate deflection scanning line under the action of the Lorentz force of magnetic field；
The size of current of the deflection coil is inputted by control, to control the deflection scanning parameter of electron beam, obtains heat input
Energy is the beam spot of Gaussian Profile, and when making electron beam welding different alloys thin plate, beam spot acts on low melting point and height
Heat input energy on the latten of fusing point is respectively P0And P1, wherein P0< P1。
2. deflection scanning control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the deflection coil includes two mutual
It is vertical along the radially-arranged X of electron beam to deflection coil and Y-direction deflection coil, the X is deflected to deflection coil and the Y-direction
Coil inputs corresponding electric current and waveform control signal respectively.
3. deflection scanning control method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include being equipped with sweep waveform signal to fill
It sets and DC component signal generation apparatus, the sweep waveform signal device output sweep waveform X signal and sweep waveform Y letter
Number, the DC component signal generation apparatus output DC component X signal and DC component Y-signal, wherein the sweep waveform
X signal input X synchronous with the DC component X signal to deflection coil driver, and after its amplification output to the X to inclined
Switch coil；Sweep waveform Y-signal input Y-direction deflection coil driver synchronous with the DC component Y-signal, and put through it
Output is to the Y-direction deflection coil after big.
4. deflection scanning control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the deflection scanning parameter of the electron beam
Offset, sweep waveform, scan amplitude, scan frequency including electron beam.
5. deflection scanning control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that under the action of the deflection coil,
When electron beam welding different alloys thin plate, electron beam carries out high-frequency reciprocating deflection scanning along different alloys thin board welding seam direction, together
When, electron beam deviates preset distance to dystectic latten side and does high-frequency reciprocating scanning between different alloys thin plate
Movement.
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| CN201910595761.9A CN110253130A (en) | 2019-07-03 | 2019-07-03 | Deflection scanning control method when electron beam welding different alloys thin plate |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN111501039A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-07 | 湘潭大学 | Multi-physical-field auxiliary laser cladding device |
| CN112222592A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Material increase manufacturing method for controlling metal droplet transition by pulse electron beam |
| CN112975098A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-18 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for improving welding deviation of electron beam welding |
| CN113231727A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-10 | 清华大学 | Electron beam multi-filament in-situ additive manufacturing component uniformity control method |
| CN113707513A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-26 | 无锡日联科技股份有限公司 | Electron beam centering device and method |
| CN115255576A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-01 | 深圳市爱达思技术有限公司 | Welding working point setting method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115319256A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-11 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electron beam welding method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112975098A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-18 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for improving welding deviation of electron beam welding |
| CN111501039A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-07 | 湘潭大学 | Multi-physical-field auxiliary laser cladding device |
| CN112222592A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-15 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Material increase manufacturing method for controlling metal droplet transition by pulse electron beam |
| CN113231727A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-10 | 清华大学 | Electron beam multi-filament in-situ additive manufacturing component uniformity control method |
| CN113707513A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-26 | 无锡日联科技股份有限公司 | Electron beam centering device and method |
| CN115319256A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-11 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electron beam welding method |
| CN115319256B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2023-07-28 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electron beam welding method |
| CN115255576A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-01 | 深圳市爱达思技术有限公司 | Welding working point setting method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115255576B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-06-04 | 深圳市爱达思技术有限公司 | Welding working point setting method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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